CN102974956A - Surfacing welding flux-cored wire - Google Patents
Surfacing welding flux-cored wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN102974956A CN102974956A CN2012104976659A CN201210497665A CN102974956A CN 102974956 A CN102974956 A CN 102974956A CN 2012104976659 A CN2012104976659 A CN 2012104976659A CN 201210497665 A CN201210497665 A CN 201210497665A CN 102974956 A CN102974956 A CN 102974956A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surfacing welding flux-cored wire. The surfacing welding flux-cored wire comprises carbon steel outer skin and medicinal powder which is filled in the carbon steel outer skin, wherein the medicinal powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.0%-4.5% of rutile, 0.20%-0.50% of feldspar, 2.0%-4.5% of one or two of NaF and fluorite, 1.0%-4.5% of silicon iron, 0.3%-1.5% of Mg, 6.0%-10.0% of mid-carbon ferromanganese, 23.0%-35.0% of high-carbon ferrochrome, 40.0%-60.0% of tungsten carbide, 0.5%-4.0% of graphite, 1.0%-3.5% of ferroniobium, 0%-1.5% of ferrovanadium and 0.5%-1.0% of rare earth oxide. The surfacing welding flux-cored wire disclosed by the invention is in spray transfer as the surfacing welding flux-cored wire is in fine molten drops during the welding, the splashing is small, a welding joint is essentially free from slag, continuous multi-pass welding can be carried out without removing the slag, and the surfacing welding flux-cored wire simultaneously has the characteristics that the gas protection welding and the self-protection welding are adopted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the welding material of metal technical field, be specifically related to a kind of flux-cored wire.
Background technology
Built-up welding is to utilize welding heat source will have deposited the arriving on matrix (weldment) surface of material of certain performance, forms a kind of technical process of metallurgical binding.
The purpose of built-up welding is the method by means of welding, modification is carried out in the metal surface, to obtain the overlay of the required property such as wear-resisting, heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, or reply workpiece because of wearing and tearing or process the undersize that error causes, being applied in of this two aspect is called repair and intensify in the Surface Technics.Not only can repair old metal parts by built-up welding, make the part recovery or have new appearance and size, and can form composite bed on the metal parts surface, make it obtain new, specific wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant or performance that other are special, thereby reach prolong part service life, energy savings, minimizing precious alloy consume, shorten the process-cycle, reduce cost and improve the effect of Element Design, be widely used in the fields such as mine, metallurgy, agricultural machinery, building, power station, railway, vehicle, petroleum and chemical industry, economic benefit and social benefit be highly significant all.
In recent years, the development of China's flux-cored wire and application also more and more come into one's own, and except strengthening domestic development, also with external cooperation, have introduced external sophisticated equipment and technology, begin to widely popularize and use.Adopt the flux-cored wire built-up welding to make overlay cladding, compare with other stiff dough techniques, very significantly advantage is arranged:
1. its wlding utilization rate of medication core welding wire built-up welding is 97%, and the utilization rate of Manual electric welding bar resurfacing welding material only is 55% ~ 65%;
2. can produce high alloy, the high hardness material that solid welding wire can not be made with flux-cored wire;
With flux-cored wire than the easier adjusting component of solid welding wire, in adapting to, small lot batch manufacture, convenient, flexible, manufacturing cost is also low.
Flux-cored wire commonly used is divided into welding wire for submerged-arc welding, gas protection wire and self-shielded welding wire (or claiming the open arc welding wire) three types.The former adjusts the composition of deposited metal alloy by ferroalloy (or metal) in the welding wire core, relies on the solder flux slag making to protect the built-up welding molten bath during welding, thereby obtains high-quality hardfacing alloy layer.And the core wire constituent of self-shielded welding wire also contains certain arc stabilizer, deoxidier, slag former and gas-forming agent except ferroalloy, so do not need to add in addition protective gas and solder flux during built-up welding, has convenient, flexible advantage.
The shortcomings such as welding wire of the prior art still exists weld metal hardness not high, and wearability is not good enough.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of flux-cored wire.
Flux-cored wire of the present invention comprises carbon steel crust and the medicinal powder that is filled in the outer intracutaneous of carbon steel, and the composition of described medicinal powder is counted by the quality percentage composition:
Rutile 1.0 ~ 4.5%;
Feldspar 0.20 ~ 0.50%;
In NaF and the fluorite one or both 2.0 ~ 4.5%;
Ferrosilicon 1.0 ~ 4.5%;
Mg 0.3~1.5%；
Mid-carbon fe-mn 6.0 ~ 10.0%;
High carbon ferro-chrome 23.0 ~ 35.0%;
Tungsten carbide 40.0 ~ 60.0%;
Graphite 0.5 ~ 4.0%;
Ferro-niobium 1.0 ~ 3.5%;
Vanadium iron 0 ~ 1.5%;
Rare earth oxide 0.5 ~ 1.0%.
More than in each composition, rutile (main component TiO
2), (main component is Na to feldspar
2O and K
2O), NaF and fluorite (main component CaF
2) be medicine core Mineral Component.
TiO
2Be used for regulating slag fusing point and viscosity, improve arc stability.The medicine core of metal powder core pattern welding wire is take simple metal powder and alloyed powder as main, and slag is few, and mineral powder can not add too much, and therefore, the rutile addition is controlled to be 1.0 ~ 4.5%.
Feldspar is the general name of a series of water-free alkali metal or alkaline earth metal aluminosilicate mineral, and Na wherein, K are main arc stabilizers, and content suitably can improve arc stability, minimizing is splashed, too high levels then worsens technique, and therefore, the addition of feldspar is controlled to be 0.20 ~ 0.50%.
In NaF and the fluorite one or both: NaF and fluorite (main component CaF
2) be the dehydrogenation agent, for reducing the weld seam diffusible hydrogen content.Addition very little the time arc stability bad, dehydrogenation scarce capacity, weld seam easily produce the pore load mould; Spatter and flue dust increased when addition was too many.Therefore, one or both additions of NaF and fluorite are controlled to be 2.0 ~ 4.5%.
C is the element that improves hardness and wearability, comprises C in the steel crust and the C in the medicine core, and Cr, the W that carbon can and add, Nb, V element form the carbide Cr of high rigidity
7C
3, WC, NbC, VC, can improve the anti-abrasion resistance properties of wlding.For satisfying hardness HRC 〉=60 and wearability requirement, weld metal phosphorus content 1.8 ~ 3.0%.Owing to all contain carbon in ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome and the tungsten carbide, therefore consider total carbon content in the medicine core among the present invention, adding graphite should not be too much or very few, when addition was less than 0.5%, the weld metal phosphorus content was not enough, and deoxidation is excessively strong greater than 4.0% the time, technique worsens, the increase of splashing.Therefore addition is controlled at 0.5 ~ 4.0%.
Tungsten carbide (WC), the quality percentage composition of W is 95 ~ 96%, the quality percentage composition of total C is 3.7 ~ 4.0%, have hardness height, the characteristic such as wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, be used for requiring the surface overlaying of wear-resisting part or goods, increase surface abrasion resistance, prolong service life, be the main powder that the present invention improves wearability, addition is controlled at 40.0 ~ 60.0%.
Ferromanganese (MnFe) is the ferromanganese of manganese content in 65.0% ~ 90.0% scope.Adopt the MnFe of certain carbon content among the present invention, mainly as deoxidier, increase carbon content, reduce the oxygen content of weld metal, regulate molten iron flow.When using high carbon ferromanganese (phosphorus content 7.0%), molten drop is thick, and spatter strengthens, and technique worsens; Use mid-carbon fe-mn (phosphorus content 1.0 ~ 1.5%) to meet the demands, when addition was less than 6.0%, it was not enough to embody above-mentioned characteristic, and deoxidation is excessively strong greater than 10.0% the time.Therefore addition is controlled at 6.0 ~ 10.0%.
Mg is strong deoxidier, improves the low-temperature impact toughness scarce capacity when addition is less than 0.3%, greater than 1.5% the time because deoxidation products contains eliminating and the appearance of weld that magnesium oxide is unfavorable for weld seam gas.Therefore be limited to 0.30% ~ 1.5%.
Ferrosilicon (SiFe) is the iron of silicone content in 8.0% ~ 95.0% scope and the alloy of silicon.Mainly as deoxidier, can reduce the oxygen content of weld metal among the present invention, regulate the flowability of molten iron, can not embody above-mentioned feature when addition is less than 1.0%, molten iron becomes sticky greater than 4.5% the time, therefore is limited to 1.0% ~ 4.5%.General commercially available ferrosilicon, for example the ferrosilicon listed of GB (GB/T2272-2009) all is applicable to the present invention.
Ferro-niobium (NbFe) is the ferroniobium of content of niobium in 50.0% ~ 80.0% scope.General commercially available ferro-niobium, for example the ferro-niobium listed of GB (GB/T 7737-2007) all is applicable to the present invention.
Vanadium iron (VFe) is the ferrovanadium of content of vanadium in 35.0% ~ 85.0% scope.General commercially available vanadium iron, for example the vanadium iron listed of GB (GB/T 4139-2004) all is applicable to the present invention.
Rare earth oxide refers to that period of element atom ordinal number is 15 kinds of lanthanide oxides of 57 to 71, and the scandium similar to the lanthanide series chemical property (Sc) and yttrium (Y) oxide of totally 17 kinds of elements, the generally light rare earth oxide of wlding special use, or rare earth oxide commonly used such as yittrium oxide, cerium oxide etc. all can be used for the present invention.It plays a part rotten as the additive Resistance of Weld Metal and purifies, can significantly improve form, size and the distribution of weld structure, crystal grain thinning, change field trash, be transitioned into the effective refinement weld seam microstructure of rare earth element in the weld metal, reduce the content of sulphur and the crack resistance that improves weld metal.The addition of rare earth oxide is 0.5 ~ 1.0%, is less than or more than this scope, the useful effect of rare earth oxide is variation all.
The impurity elements such as S, the P in welding wire medicine core and the carbon steel crust, N have the crackle effect that increases weld seam, must strictly control.The impurity elements such as S, P are satisfying in the situation of material standard in medicine core and the carbon steel crust, control to as far as possible minimum.The present invention does not have specific (special) requirements for the granularity of medicinal powder, in the normal ranges of this area, for example all has preferably flowability and uniformity in 40 ~ 220 order scopes.
Preferably, the composition of described medicinal powder is counted by the quality percentage composition:
Rutile 1.0 ~ 3.5%;
Feldspar 0.20 ~ 0.30%;
In NaF and the fluorite one or both 2.0 ~ 4.0%;
Ferrosilicon 2.5 ~ 3.0%;
Mg 1.2~1.5%；
Mid-carbon fe-mn 6.0 ~ 8.0%;
High carbon ferro-chrome 23.0 ~ 32.0%;
Tungsten carbide 40.0 ~ 60.0%;
Graphite 0.5 ~ 3.5%;
Ferro-niobium 1.5 ~ 2.5%;
Vanadium iron 0.5 ~ 1.5%;
Rare earth oxide 0.8 ~ 1.0%.
Experiment shows, adopts the flux-cored wire of above-mentioned preferred component medicinal powder, and HRC is more than 61 for its built-up welding hardness, has better wearability.
Preferably, the gross mass of described ferrosilicon, Mg, mid-carbon fe-mn and graphite is 11.0 ~ 17.0% of medicinal powder gross mass.When addition is less than 11.0%, exist deoxidation not enough, occur pore during gas shielded welding, hardness is inadequate; Greater than 17.0% the time, deoxidation is excessively strong, occurs pore when not needing gas shield to carry out the self-shield welding.Between 11.0 ~ 17.0%, make this welding wire possess simultaneously the characteristics of employing gas shielded welding and self-shield welding by control SiFe+Mg+MnFe+ graphite addition sum.For example can adopt 80% Ar+20% CO
2Argon-rich gas shielded or CO 2 gas-shielded the welding, perhaps do not need gas shield to carry out self-shield welding.
Preferably, the quality of described medicinal powder is 26 ~ 45% of flux-cored wire gross mass.
Preferably, the quality of described medicinal powder is 33 ~ 41% of flux-cored wire gross mass, and this filling rate can satisfy the processing technology requirement, also can reduce to greatest extent the generation of weld porosity.
Preferably, the diameter of described flux-cored wire is 1.2 ~ 2.0mm, can select the gas protection or protect welding without gas according to welding surroundings.
Preferably, the material of described carbon steel crust is mild steel, refers to that carbon content is less than 0.25% non-steel alloy, the mass percent that each composition in the mild steel accounts for mild steel is: Mn 0.20 ~ 0.35%, Si≤0.028%, C≤0.035%, S≤0.015, P≤0.015%, N≤0.005%.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Flux-cored wire of the present invention adopts metal powder core pattern slag system, can in argon-rich gas or CO 2 gas-shielded lower welding, also can not need gas shield to carry out the self-shield welding.Be thin molten drop spray transfer during this welding wire welding, it is little to splash, and weld seam can the continuous multiple tracks welding of not scarfing cinder substantially without slag.Adopt the mode of Mn-Mg-Si combined deoxidation, reduce the oxygen content in the weld seam as far as possible.In the slag making component, add an amount of stabilising arc material, can requirement to satisfy operative weldability.By the addition of control SiFe+Mg+MnFe+ graphite, make this welding wire possess simultaneously the gas shielded welding of employing and self-shield welding characteristics.Adopt suitable alloy proportion, add rare earth alloy, satisfy the weld metal hardness height, the requirement that wearability is good can be widely used in the built-up welding at mining machinery, slush pump and pulverizing strong wear position.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment so that those skilled in the art the present invention may be better understood and can be implemented, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
[0031] embodiment 1
The steel crust of flux-cored wire adopts the mild steel steel band, and its chemical composition sees Table 1.
The chemical composition of table 1 steel band (wt%)
The chemical composition of medicine core powder and raw material formation see Table 2, and granularity is 40 orders.Because the part material specification is more, only select wherein a kind of to describe as representative here, ferrosilicon is selected FeSi45, and ferro-niobium is selected FeNb50, and vanadium iron is selected FeV50, and rare earth oxide is selected yittrium oxide or cerium oxide.
Table 2 medicine core powder consists of
| Medicinal powder consists of | Content (wt%) |
| Rutile | 1.0~4.5 |
| Feldspar | 0.20~0.50 |
| NaF and fluorite | 2.0~4.5 |
| The magnesium powder | 0.3~1.5 |
| Graphite | 0.5~4.0 |
| Ferrosilicon (FeSi45) | 1.0~4.5 |
| Mid-carbon fe-mn | 6.0~10.0 |
| High carbon ferro-chrome | 23.0~35.0 |
| Tungsten carbide | 40.0~60.0 |
| Ferro-niobium (FeNb50) | 1.0~3.5 |
| Vanadium iron (FeV50) | 0~1.5 |
| Yittrium oxide or cerium oxide | 0.5~1.0 |
(charge core powder in 10 * 0.5mm), filling rate 26 ~ 45% through drawing moulding tube reducing, are made the finished product welding wire of diameter 1.2 ~ 2.0mm at the mild steel steel band.
Press each component content proportioning of medicine core, adopt different filling rate drawings to make the different-diameter flux-cored wire and test, its composition proportion, medicine core diameter, filling rate see Table 3.
Table 3 composition proportion, medicine core diameter, filling rate test
Adopt rich argon (80%Ar+20%CO
2) gas shield, test specification sees Table 4.
Table 4 welding conditions
| Specification mm | Welding current A | Weldingvoltage V | Gas flow L/min |
| φ1.2 | 210~250 | 28~30 | 20 |
| φ1.4 | 240~280 | 29~31 | 20 |
| φ1.6 | 260~300 | 30~32 | 20 |
The test of test welding procedure:
Adopt 80%Ar+20%CO
2The welding of gas shield downhand position, welding wire is sent to stable, arc stability, molten drop is tiny can to form spray transfer, and it is little to splash, and weld seam can the continuous multiple tracks welding of not scarfing cinder substantially without slag.
Built-up welding hardness detects:
Adopt 80%Ar+20%CO
2Gas shielded welding, 300 ℃ of ordinary carbon steel plate preheatings, crackle is not found in 3 layers of built-up welding, hardness detects and sees Table 5.
Table 5 built-up welding hardness
| Numbering | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| HRC | 61.0 | 60.8 | 62.0 | 61.4 |
Adopt CO
2Gas shield, test specification sees Table 6.
Table 6 welding conditions
| Specification mm | Welding current A | Weldingvoltage V | Gas flow L/min |
| φ1.2 | 220~260 | 28~30 | 20 |
| φ1.4 | 250~290 | 29~31 | 20 |
| φ1.6 | 270~310 | 30~32 | 20 |
The test of test welding procedure:
Adopt CO
2The welding of gas shield downhand position, welding wire is sent to stable, and arc stability, molten drop adopt 80%Ar+20%CO
2Gas shield is slightly thick, and it is little to splash, and weld seam can the continuous multiple tracks welding of not scarfing cinder substantially without slag.
Built-up welding hardness detects:
Adopt CO
2Gas shielded welding, 300 ℃ of ordinary carbon steel plate preheatings, crackle is not found in 3 layers of built-up welding, hardness detects and sees Table 7.
Table 7 built-up welding hardness
| Numbering | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| HRC | 60.8 | 60.5 | 61.7 | 61.1 |
Do not adopt gas shield, the self-shield welding, test specification sees Table 8.
Table 8 welding conditions
| Specification mm | Welding current A | Weldingvoltage V | Gas flow L/min |
| φ1.2 | 220~260 | 28~30 | 0 |
| φ1.4 | 250~290 | 29~31 | 0 |
| φ1.6 | 270~310 | 30~32 | 0 |
| φ2.0 | 290~330 | 31~33 | 0 |
The test of test welding procedure:
Do not need gas shield to carry out the self-shield welding, welding wire is sent to stable, and arc stability, molten drop adopt 80%Ar+20%CO
2Gas shield is slightly thick, and it is less to splash, and flue dust adopts 80%Ar+20%CO
2Gas shielded welding is bigger, weld seam pore-free tendency, and substantially without slag, can the continuous multiple tracks welding of not scarfing cinder.
Built-up welding hardness detects:
Do not need gas shield to carry out the self-shield welding, 300 ℃ of ordinary carbon steel plate preheatings, crackle is not found in 3 layers of built-up welding, hardness detects and sees Table 9.
Table 9 built-up welding hardness
| Numbering | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| HRC | 61.3 | 61.0 | 61.87 | 60.8 | 62.0 | 61.1 |
The above embodiment is the preferred embodiment that proves absolutely that the present invention lifts, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.Being equal to that those skilled in the art do on basis of the present invention substitutes or conversion, all within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Claims (7)
1. a flux-cored wire comprises carbon steel crust and the medicinal powder that is filled in the outer intracutaneous of carbon steel, it is characterized in that the composition of described medicinal powder is counted by the quality percentage composition:
Rutile 1.0 ~ 4.5%;
Feldspar 0.20 ~ 0.50%;
In NaF and the fluorite one or both 2.0 ~ 4.5%;
Ferrosilicon 1.0 ~ 4.5%;
Mg 0.3~1.5%；
Mid-carbon fe-mn 6.0 ~ 10.0%;
High carbon ferro-chrome 23.0 ~ 35.0%;
Tungsten carbide 40.0 ~ 60.0%;
Graphite 0.5 ~ 4.0%;
Ferro-niobium 1.0 ~ 3.5%;
Vanadium iron 0 ~ 1.5%;
Rare earth oxide 0.5 ~ 1.0%.
2. flux-cored wire according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the composition of described medicinal powder is counted by the quality percentage composition:
Rutile 1.0 ~ 3.5%;
Feldspar 0.20 ~ 0.30%;
In NaF and the fluorite one or both 2.0 ~ 4.0%;
Ferrosilicon 2.5 ~ 3.0%;
Mg 1.2~1.5%；
Mid-carbon fe-mn 6.0 ~ 8.0%;
High carbon ferro-chrome 23.0 ~ 32.0%;
Tungsten carbide 40.0 ~ 60.0%;
Graphite 0.5 ~ 3.5%;
Ferro-niobium 1.5 ~ 2.5%;
Vanadium iron 0.5 ~ 1.5%;
Rare earth oxide 0.8 ~ 1.0%.
3. flux-cored wire according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the gross mass of described ferrosilicon, Mg, mid-carbon fe-mn and graphite is 11.0 ~ 17.0% of medicinal powder gross mass.
4. flux-cored wire according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the quality of described medicinal powder is 26 ~ 45% of flux-cored wire gross mass.
5. flux-cored wire according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the quality of described medicinal powder is 33 ~ 41% of flux-cored wire gross mass.
6. flux-cored wire according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the diameter of described flux-cored wire is 1.2 ~ 2.0mm.
7. flux-cored wire according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of described carbon steel crust is mild steel, the mass percent that each composition in the mild steel accounts for mild steel is: Mn 0.20 ~ 0.35%, Si≤0.028%, C≤0.035%, S≤0.015, P≤0.015%, N≤0.005%, all the other are Fe.
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