CN102974956B - Surfacing welding flux-cored wire - Google Patents
Surfacing welding flux-cored wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN102974956B CN102974956B CN201210497665.9A CN201210497665A CN102974956B CN 102974956 B CN102974956 B CN 102974956B CN 201210497665 A CN201210497665 A CN 201210497665A CN 102974956 B CN102974956 B CN 102974956B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surfacing welding flux-cored wire. The surfacing welding flux-cored wire comprises carbon steel outer skin and medicinal powder which is filled in the carbon steel outer skin, wherein the medicinal powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.0%-4.5% of rutile, 0.20%-0.50% of feldspar, 2.0%-4.5% of one or two of NaF and fluorite, 1.0%-4.5% of silicon iron, 0.3%-1.5% of Mg, 6.0%-10.0% of mid-carbon ferromanganese, 23.0%-35.0% of high-carbon ferrochrome, 40.0%-60.0% of tungsten carbide, 0.5%-4.0% of graphite, 1.0%-3.5% of ferroniobium, 0%-1.5% of ferrovanadium and 0.5%-1.0% of rare earth oxide. The surfacing welding flux-cored wire disclosed by the invention is in spray transfer as the surfacing welding flux-cored wire is in fine molten drops during the welding, the splashing is small, a welding joint is essentially free from slag, continuous multi-pass welding can be carried out without removing the slag, and the surfacing welding flux-cored wire simultaneously has the characteristics that the gas protection welding and the self-protection welding are adopted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to welding material of metal technical field, be specifically related to a kind of flux-cored wire.
Background technology
Built-up welding is to utilize welding heat source that the material with certain performance is deposited to matrix (weldment) surface, forms a kind of technical process of metallurgical binding.
The object of built-up welding is the method by means of welding, modification is carried out in metal surface, to obtain the overlay of the required property such as wear-resisting, heat-resisting, anti-corrosion, or reply the undersize that workpiece causes because of wearing and tearing or processing error, being applied in of this two aspect is called repair and intensify in Surface Technics.By built-up welding, not only can repair old metal parts, part is recovered or there is new appearance and size, and can form composite bed on metal parts surface, make it obtain new, specific wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant or performance that other are special, thereby reach and extend part service life, save the energy, reduce precious alloy consumption, shorten the process-cycle, reduce costs and improve the effect of Element Design, be widely used in the fields such as mine, metallurgy, agricultural machinery, building, power station, railway, vehicle, petroleum and chemical industry, economic benefit and social benefit be highly significant all.
In recent years, the development of China's flux-cored wire and application also more and more come into one's own, and except strengthening, domestic development, also, with external cooperation, having introduced external sophisticated equipment and technology, start to widely popularize and apply.Adopt flux-cored wire built-up welding to make overlay cladding, compare with other stiff dough techniques, have very significantly advantage:
1. its wlding utilization rate of medication core welding wire built-up welding is 97%, and the utilization rate of Manual electric welding bar resurfacing welding material is only 55% ~ 65%;
2. with flux-cored wire, can produce high alloy, the high hardness material that solid welding wire can not be manufactured;
With flux-cored wire than the easier adjusting component of solid welding wire, in adapting to, small lot batch manufacture, convenient, flexible, manufacturing cost is also low.
Conventional flux-cored wire is divided into welding wire for submerged-arc welding, gas protection wire and self-shielded welding wire (or claiming open arc welding wire) three types.The former adjusts the composition of deposited metal alloy by ferroalloy (or metal) in welding wire core, rely on solder flux slag making to protect built-up welding molten bath during welding, thereby obtains high-quality hardfacing alloy layer.And the core wire constituent of self-shielded welding wire is except ferroalloy, also contain certain arc stabilizer, deoxidier, slag former and gas-forming agent, therefore do not need separately to add protective gas and solder flux during built-up welding, have advantages of convenient, flexible.
Still there is the shortcomings such as weld metal hardness is not high, and wearability is not good enough in welding wire of the prior art.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of flux-cored wire.
Flux-cored wire of the present invention, comprises carbon steel crust and the medicinal powder that is filled in the outer intracutaneous of carbon steel, and the composition of described medicinal powder is counted by quality percentage composition:
Rutile 1.0 ~ 4.5%;
Feldspar 0.20 ~ 0.50%;
In NaF and fluorite one or both 2.0 ~ 4.5%;
Ferrosilicon 1.0 ~ 4.5%;
Mg 0.3~1.5%；
Mid-carbon fe-mn 6.0 ~ 10.0%;
High carbon ferro-chrome 23.0 ~ 35.0%;
Tungsten carbide 40.0 ~ 60.0%;
Graphite 0.5 ~ 4.0%;
Ferro-niobium 1.0 ~ 3.5%;
Vanadium iron 0 ~ 1.5%;
Rare earth oxide 0.5 ~ 1.0%.
Above in each composition, rutile (main component TiO
2), (main component is Na to feldspar
2o and K
2o), NaF and fluorite (main component CaF
2) be medicine core Mineral Component.
TiO
2be used for regulating slag fusing point and viscosity, improve arc stability.The medicine core of metal powder core pattern welding wire be take simple metal powder and alloyed powder as main, and slag is few, and mineral powder can not add too much, and therefore, it is 1.0 ~ 4.5% that rutile addition is controlled.
Feldspar is the general name of a series of water-free alkali metal or alkaline earth metal aluminosilicate mineral, and Na wherein, K are main arc stabilizers, and content suitably can improve arc stability, minimizing is splashed, too high levels worsens technique, and therefore, it is 0.20 ~ 0.50% that the addition of feldspar is controlled.
One or both in NaF and fluorite: NaF and fluorite (main component CaF
2) be dehydrogenation agent, for reducing weld seam diffusible hydrogen content.Addition very little time arc stability bad, dehydrogenation scarce capacity, weld seam easily produces pore load mould; When addition is too many, spatter and flue dust increase.Therefore, one or both additions controls of NaF and fluorite are 2.0 ~ 4.5%.
C is the element that improves hardness and wearability, comprises C in steel crust and the C in medicine core, and Cr, the W that carbon can and add, Nb, V element form the carbide Cr of high rigidity
7c
3, WC, NbC, VC, can improve the anti-abrasion resistance properties of wlding.For meeting hardness HRC >=60 and wearability requirement, weld metal phosphorus content 1.8 ~ 3.0%.In the present invention, owing to all containing carbon in ferromanganese, high carbon ferro-chrome and tungsten carbide, therefore consider total carbon content in medicine core, add graphite unsuitable too much or very few, when addition is less than 0.5%, weld metal phosphorus content is not enough, and while being greater than 4.0%, deoxidation is excessively strong, technique worsens, the increase of splashing.Therefore addition is controlled at 0.5 ~ 4.0%.
Tungsten carbide (WC), the quality percentage composition of W is 95 ~ 96%, the quality percentage composition of total C is 3.7 ~ 4.0%, there is the characteristics such as hardness is high, wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, for requiring the surface overlaying of wear-resisting part or goods, increase surface abrasion resistance, extend service life, be the main powder that the present invention improves wearability, addition is controlled at 40.0 ~ 60.0%.
Ferromanganese (MnFe) is the ferromanganese of manganese content in 65.0% ~ 90.0% scope.In the present invention, adopt the MnFe of certain carbon content, mainly as deoxidier, increase carbon content, reduce the oxygen content of weld metal, regulate molten iron flow.When using high carbon ferromanganese (phosphorus content 7.0%), molten drop is thick, and spatter strengthens, and technique worsens; Use mid-carbon fe-mn (phosphorus content 1.0 ~ 1.5%) to meet the demands, when addition is less than 6.0%, embody above-mentioned characteristic not enough, while being greater than 10.0%, deoxidation is excessively strong.Therefore addition is controlled at 6.0 ~ 10.0%.
Mg is strong deoxidier, improves low-temperature impact toughness scarce capacity when addition is less than 0.3%, while being greater than 1.5% because deoxidation products contains eliminating and the appearance of weld that magnesium oxide is unfavorable for weld seam gas.Therefore be limited to 0.30% ~ 1.5%.
Ferrosilicon (SiFe) is the iron of silicone content in 8.0% ~ 95.0% scope and the alloy of silicon.In the present invention, mainly as deoxidier, can reduce the oxygen content of weld metal, regulate the mobility of molten iron, when addition is less than 1.0%, can not embody above-mentioned feature, while being greater than 4.5%, molten iron becomes sticky, and is therefore limited to 1.0% ~ 4.5%.General commercially available ferrosilicon, the ferrosilicon that for example GB (GB/T2272-2009) is listed is all applicable to the present invention.
Ferro-niobium (NbFe) is the ferroniobium of content of niobium in 50.0% ~ 80.0% scope.General commercially available ferro-niobium, the ferro-niobium that for example GB (GB/T 7737-2007) is listed is all applicable to the present invention.
Vanadium iron (VFe) is the ferrovanadium of content of vanadium in 35.0% ~ 85.0% scope.General commercially available vanadium iron, the vanadium iron that for example GB (GB/T 4139-2004) is listed is all applicable to the present invention.
Rare earth oxide refers to that period of element atom ordinal number is 15 kinds of lanthanide oxides of 57 to 71, and the scandium similar to lanthanide series chemical property (Sc) and yttrium (Y) oxide of totally 17 kinds of elements, the light rare earth oxide of general wlding special use, or conventional rare earth oxide all can be used for the present invention as yittrium oxide, cerium oxide etc.It plays a part rotten and purifies as additive Resistance of Weld Metal, can significantly improve form, the size of weld structure, crystal grain thinning, change field trash and distribute, be transitioned into effectively refinement weld seam microstructure of rare earth element in weld metal, reduce the content of sulphur and the crack resistance that improves weld metal.The addition of rare earth oxide is 0.5 ~ 1.0%, is less than or more than this scope, the useful effect of rare earth oxide is variation all.
The impurity elements such as S, the P in welding wire medicine core and carbon steel crust, N have the crackle effect that increases weld seam, must strictly control.In medicine core and carbon steel crust, the impurity element such as S, P, in the situation that meeting material standard, controls to minimum as far as possible.The present invention does not have specific (special) requirements for the granularity of medicinal powder, in the normal ranges of this area, for example, within the scope of 40 ~ 220 orders, all has good mobility and uniformity.
Preferably, the composition of described medicinal powder is counted by quality percentage composition:
Rutile 1.0 ~ 3.5%;
Feldspar 0.20 ~ 0.30%;
In NaF and fluorite one or both 2.0 ~ 4.0%;
Ferrosilicon 2.5 ~ 3.0%;
Mg 1.2~1.5%；
Mid-carbon fe-mn 6.0 ~ 8.0%;
High carbon ferro-chrome 23.0 ~ 32.0%;
Tungsten carbide 40.0 ~ 60.0%;
Graphite 0.5 ~ 3.5%;
Ferro-niobium 1.5 ~ 2.5%;
Vanadium iron 0.5 ~ 1.5%;
Rare earth oxide 0.8 ~ 1.0%.
Experiment shows, adopts the flux-cored wire of above-mentioned preferred component medicinal powder, and HRC is more than 61 for its built-up welding hardness, has better wearability.
Preferably, the gross mass of described ferrosilicon, Mg, mid-carbon fe-mn and graphite is 11.0 ~ 17.0% of medicinal powder gross mass.When addition is less than 11.0%, exist deoxidation not enough, occur pore during gas shielded welding, hardness is inadequate; While being greater than 17.0%, deoxidation is excessively strong, occurs pore while not needing gas shield to carry out self-shield welding.By control SiFe+Mg+MnFe+ graphite addition sum between 11.0 ~ 17.0%, this welding wire possessed the feature that adopts gas shielded welding and self-shield welding simultaneously.For example can adopt 80% Ar+20% CO
2argon-rich gas shielded or CO 2 gas-shielded welding, or do not need gas shield to carry out self-shield welding.
Preferably, the quality of described medicinal powder is 26 ~ 45% of flux-cored wire gross mass.
Preferably, the quality of described medicinal powder is 33 ~ 41% of flux-cored wire gross mass, and this filling rate can meet processing technology requirement, also can reduce to greatest extent the generation of weld porosity.
Preferably, the diameter of described flux-cored wire is 1.2 ~ 2.0mm, can select gas protection or weld without gas protection according to welding surroundings.
Preferably, the material of described carbon steel crust is mild steel, refers to the non-steel alloy that carbon content is less than 0.25%, the mass percent that each composition in mild steel accounts for mild steel is: Mn 0.20 ~ 0.35%, Si≤0.028%, C≤0.035%, S≤0.015, P≤0.015%, N≤0.005%.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Flux-cored wire of the present invention adopts metal powder core pattern slag system, can, in argon-rich gas or CO 2 gas-shielded lower welding, also can not need gas shield to carry out self-shield welding.During this welding wire welding, be thin molten drop spray transfer, splash little, weld seam, can the continuous multiple tracks welding of not scarfing cinder substantially without slag.The mode that adopts Mn-Mg-Si combined deoxidation reduces the oxygen content in weld seam as far as possible.In slag making component, add appropriate stabilising arc material, to meet the requirement of operative weldability energy.By controlling the addition of SiFe+Mg+MnFe+ graphite, make this welding wire possess the gas shielded welding of employing and self-shield welding feature simultaneously.Adopt suitable alloy proportion, add rare earth alloy, meet weld metal hardness high, the requirement that wearability is good, can be widely used in the built-up welding at mining machinery, slush pump and pulverizing strong wear position.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described so that those skilled in the art the present invention may be better understood and can be implemented, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
embodiment 1
The steel crust of flux-cored wire adopts mild steel steel band, and its chemical composition is in Table 1.
The chemical composition of table 1 steel band (wt%)
The chemical composition of medicine core powder and raw material form in Table 2, and granularity is 40 orders.Because part material specification is more, only select wherein a kind of to describe as representative here, ferrosilicon is selected FeSi45, and ferro-niobium is selected FeNb50, and vanadium iron is selected FeV50, and rare earth oxide is selected yittrium oxide or cerium oxide.
Table 2 medicine core powder forms
| Medicinal powder forms | Content (wt%) |
| Rutile | 1.0~4.5 |
| Feldspar | 0.20~0.50 |
| NaF and fluorite | 2.0~4.5 |
| Magnesium powder | 0.3~1.5 |
| Graphite | 0.5~4.0 |
| Ferrosilicon (FeSi45) | 1.0~4.5 |
| Mid-carbon fe-mn | 6.0~10.0 |
| High carbon ferro-chrome | 23.0~35.0 |
| Tungsten carbide | 40.0~60.0 |
| Ferro-niobium (FeNb50) | 1.0~3.5 |
| Vanadium iron (FeV50) | 0~1.5 |
| Yittrium oxide or cerium oxide | 0.5~1.0 |
Charge core powder in mild steel steel band (10 * 0.5mm), filling rate 26 ~ 45%, through drawing moulding tube reducing, makes the finished product welding wire of diameter 1.2 ~ 2.0mm.
Press each component content proportioning of medicine core, adopt different filling rate drawings to make different-diameter flux-cored wire and test, its composition proportion, medicine core diameter, filling rate are in Table 3.
Table 3 composition proportion, medicine core diameter, filling rate test
Adopt rich argon (80%Ar+20%CO
2) gas shield, test specification is in Table 4.
Table 4 welding conditions
| Specification mm | Welding current A | Weldingvoltage V | Gas flow L/min |
| φ1.2 | 210~250 | 28~30 | 20 |
| φ1.4 | 240~280 | 29~31 | 20 |
| φ1.6 | 260~300 | 30~32 | 20 |
The test of test welding procedure:
Adopt 80%Ar+20%CO
2the welding of gas shield downhand position, welding wire is sent to stable, arc stability, molten drop is tiny can form spray transfer, splashes little, and weld seam, can the continuous multiple tracks welding of not scarfing cinder substantially without slag.
Built-up welding hardness detects:
Adopt 80%Ar+20%CO
2gas shielded welding, 300 ℃ of ordinary carbon steel plate preheatings, 3 layers of built-up welding, do not find crackle, hardness detects in Table 5.
Table 5 built-up welding hardness
| Numbering | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| HRC | 61.0 | 60.8 | 62.0 | 61.4 |
Adopt CO
2gas shield, test specification is in Table 6.
Table 6 welding conditions
| Specification mm | Welding current A | Weldingvoltage V | Gas flow L/min |
| φ1.2 | 220~260 | 28~30 | 20 |
| φ1.4 | 250~290 | 29~31 | 20 |
| φ1.6 | 270~310 | 30~32 | 20 |
The test of test welding procedure:
Adopt CO
2the welding of gas shield downhand position, welding wire is sent to stable, arc stability, molten drop adopts 80%Ar+20%CO
2gas shield is slightly thick, splashes little, and weld seam, can the continuous multiple tracks welding of not scarfing cinder substantially without slag.
Built-up welding hardness detects:
Adopt CO
2gas shielded welding, 300 ℃ of ordinary carbon steel plate preheatings, 3 layers of built-up welding, do not find crackle, hardness detects in Table 7.
Table 7 built-up welding hardness
| Numbering | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| HRC | 60.8 | 60.5 | 61.7 | 61.1 |
Do not adopt gas shield, self-shield welding, test specification is in Table 8.
Table 8 welding conditions
| Specification mm | Welding current A | Weldingvoltage V | Gas flow L/min |
| φ1.2 | 220~260 | 28~30 | 0 |
| φ1.4 | 250~290 | 29~31 | 0 |
| φ1.6 | 270~310 | 30~32 | 0 |
| φ2.0 | 290~330 | 31~33 | 0 |
The test of test welding procedure:
Do not need gas shield to carry out self-shield welding, welding wire is sent to stable, arc stability, and molten drop adopts 80%Ar+20%CO
2gas shield is slightly thick, splashes less, and flue dust adopts 80%Ar+20%CO
2gas shielded welding is bigger, weld seam pore-free tendency, and substantially without slag, can the continuous multiple tracks welding of not scarfing cinder.
Built-up welding hardness detects:
Do not need gas shield to carry out self-shield welding, 300 ℃ of ordinary carbon steel plate preheatings, 3 layers of built-up welding, do not find crackle, hardness detects in Table 9.
Table 9 built-up welding hardness
| Numbering | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| HRC | 61.3 | 61.0 | 61.87 | 60.8 | 62.0 | 61.1 |
The above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment for absolutely proving that the present invention lifts, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.Being equal to that those skilled in the art do on basis of the present invention substitutes or conversion, all within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Claims (7)
1. a flux-cored wire, comprises carbon steel crust and the medicinal powder that is filled in the outer intracutaneous of carbon steel, it is characterized in that, the composition of described medicinal powder is counted by quality percentage composition:
Rutile 1.0 ~ 4.5%;
Feldspar 0.20 ~ 0.50%;
In NaF and fluorite one or both 2.0 ~ 4.5%;
Ferrosilicon 1.0 ~ 4.5%;
Mg 0.3~1.5%；
Mid-carbon fe-mn 6.0 ~ 10.0%;
High carbon ferro-chrome 23.0 ~ 35.0%;
Tungsten carbide 40.0 ~ 60.0%;
Graphite 0.5 ~ 4.0%;
Ferro-niobium 1.0 ~ 3.5%;
Vanadium iron 0 ~ 1.5%;
Rare earth oxide 0.5 ~ 1.0%.
2. flux-cored wire according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the composition of described medicinal powder is counted by quality percentage composition:
Rutile 1.0 ~ 3.5%;
Feldspar 0.20 ~ 0.30%;
In NaF and fluorite one or both 2.0 ~ 4.0%;
Ferrosilicon 2.5 ~ 3.0%;
Mg 1.2~1.5%；
Mid-carbon fe-mn 6.0 ~ 8.0%;
High carbon ferro-chrome 23.0 ~ 32.0%;
Tungsten carbide 40.0 ~ 60.0%;
Graphite 0.5 ~ 3.5%;
Ferro-niobium 1.5 ~ 2.5%;
Vanadium iron 0.5 ~ 1.5%;
Rare earth oxide 0.8 ~ 1.0%.
3. flux-cored wire according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the gross mass of described ferrosilicon, Mg, mid-carbon fe-mn and graphite is 11.0 ~ 17.0% of medicinal powder gross mass.
4. flux-cored wire according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the quality of described medicinal powder is 26 ~ 45% of flux-cored wire gross mass.
5. flux-cored wire according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the quality of described medicinal powder is 33 ~ 41% of flux-cored wire gross mass.
6. flux-cored wire according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the diameter of described flux-cored wire is 1.2 ~ 2.0mm.
7. flux-cored wire according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of described carbon steel crust is mild steel, the mass percent that each composition in mild steel accounts for mild steel is: Mn 0.20 ~ 0.35%, Si≤0.028%, C≤0.035%, S≤0.015, P≤0.015%, N≤0.005%, all the other are Fe.
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| 戴乐等.药芯焊丝形成WC增强铁基耐磨堆焊层研究.《热加工工艺》.2011,第40卷(第11期), * |
| 药芯焊丝形成WC增强铁基耐磨堆焊层研究;戴乐等;《热加工工艺》;20110630;第40卷(第11期);第35-38页 * |
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