CN102967898A - Integrated photonic crystal multiplexer based on Y-type structure and bent waveguide - Google Patents
Integrated photonic crystal multiplexer based on Y-type structure and bent waveguide Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an implementation method of an efficient multiplexer based on a two-dimensional photonic crystal Y-type structure and 60-degree bent waveguides. A lithium niobate photonic crystal with a triangular lattice medium background air hole structure is adopted; a wave combining function is achieved by integrating the Y-type structure and the two 60-degree bent waveguides on a same photonic crystal plate; and the entire structure is optimized and the wave combining efficiency is also improved by changing the Y-type structure and the position and the radius of an air hole in the corner of each bent waveguide, and thus, the efficient multiplexer of the photonic crystal is achieved. The multiplexer is compact in wave combining structure, high in wave combining efficiency, wide in bandwidth, and suitable for a full-optical integrated system, and the implementation method of an ultra-small efficient photonic crystal multiplexer is provided for a full-optical network, an ROF (radio over fiber) system and the like in future.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implementation method of the efficient wave multiplexer based on 2 D photon crystal y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides, belong to the wave multiplexer field.
Background technology
[document 1.E.Yablonovitch since the concept of photon crystal in 1987 is suggested first, " Inhibited SpontaneousEmission in Solid-State Physics and Electronics; " Physical Review Letters 582059-2062,1987, document 2.JOHN S, " Srtong localization of photons in certain disordereddielectricsuperlattices; " [J] .Phys Rev L ett, 58,24862-2489,1987.], because the many good performance of forbidden photon band, photonic crystal has caused the interest of many research groups in the performance aspect the light processing.Photonic crystal good characteristic aspect photocontrol is having a wide range of applications it aspect the photonic device of making super intensive compactness.And photon crystal wave-guide is little with its size, the advantages such as loss is low become the basis of the Primary Component in the optic integrated circuit, 2 * 1 wave multiplexers then are basic device [the document 3.F.-M.Kuo in the integrated device, Nan-WeiChen, Hsuan-Ju Tsai, J.-W.Shi, and J.E.Bowers, " High-Power Photonic Transmitter-Mixers withIntegrated Wilkinson Power Combiner for Wireless Communication with High Data Rate (15Gbps) atW-band; " in Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC), Los Angeles, California, 2012, document 4.A.Hashim, N.Bamiedakis, R.V.Penty, and I.H.White, " 90 °-Crossings of Multimode; Combiners andSplitters for a Polymer-Based On-Board Optical Bus; " in CLEO:Science and Innovations (CLEO:S and I), San Jose, California, 2012, document 5.Yariv Shamir, YoavSintov, and Mark Shtaif, " Large-mode-areafused-fiber combiners, with nearly lowest-mode brightness conservation, " Opt.Lett.36,2874-2876,2011.].In traditional circuit based on waveguide, use [document 6.Dingli Wang as wave multiplexer after often adopting the beam splitter that design performance is good directly to be inverted, Wen Liu, Qingming Xiao, and Jing Shi, " Embedded metal-wire nanogratingand its application in an optical polarization beam splitter/combiner; " APPLIED OPTICS, 47,312-316,2008, document 7.Matthew Wescott, Guangzhou Chen, Yanyun Zhang, Brian G.Bagley, and Robert T.Deck, " All-optical combiner-splitter and gating devices based onstraight waveguides " APPLIED OPTICS, 46,3177-3184,2007, document 8.N.Bamiedakis, J.Y.Ha, F.Yang, A.Wonfor, R.V.Penty, and I.H.White, " Multimode SCM-based PON Architecture for Computer Network Applications Using a Low-CostPolymer 1x8 Splitter/Combiner, " in QELS, 2007.].In the circuit based on waveguide, two output terminal is separate and loss reflection is little, and in the circuit based on photonic crystal, although after deliberation various high performance 1 * 2 beam splitter [document 9.L.H.Frandsen, P.I.Borel, Y.X.Zhuang, A.Harpoth, M.Thorhauge, and M.Kristensen, " Ultralow-loss 3-dB photonic crystal waveguide splitter; " Opt.Lett., 29,1623-1625,2004, document 10.A.
And M.Kristensen, " Broadband topology-optimized photoniccrystalcomponents for both TE and TM polarizations; " Opt.Express, 13,8606-8611,2005.], but because not independence and the stronger loss of two ports, that adopts that classic method obtains closes ripple effect unsatisfactory [document 11.Alejandro Martinez, Pablosanchi, Javier Marti, " Mach-Zehnder interferometers in photoniccrystals; " Optical and Quantum Electronics 37,77-93,2005.].Study at present shorter mention photonic crystal wave multiplexer both at home and abroad, even a few studies is closed ripple by intense adjustment realization high-performance, but too complicated [the document 12.Sangin Kim of design, Ikmo Park and Hanjo Lim, " Proposal for ideal 3-dB splitters-combiners inphotonic crystals ", Opt.Lett., 30,, 257-259,2005.].
Carrying out a large amount of research [document 13.S.Boscolo and M.Midrio aspect y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides both at home and abroad, " Y junctions in photonic crystal channel waveguides:high transmission and impedancematching; " Opt.Lett., 27,1001-1003,2002, document 14.Woo Jun Kim and John D.O ' Brien, " Optimization of a two-dimensional photoniccrystalwaveguide branch by simulatedannealing andthe finite-element method ", J.Opt.Soc.Am.B, 21,289-295,2004, document 15.Chun-Min Wang, Keh-Yi Lee, and Ruei-Chang Lu, " 90 ° of BendPhotonic Crystal of Transmission Characteristic of Defect for the; " in 15thOptoElectronics and Communications Conference (OECC2010) Technical Digest, 2010.], this wave multiplexer for design high-performance high bandwidth provides theoretical foundation.Y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides are integrated, adopt the parameters such as the airport at optimal corner place and position, can obtain 2 * 1 wave multiplexers of high-transmission rate high bandwidth.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve: when directly counter-rotating is as wave multiplexer with photonic crystals splitter, efficiently close the problem that ripple can't be realized owing to what the problems such as phase mutual interference and high reflection loss between two input ends caused, thereby proposed a kind of based on y-type structure and 60 ° of 2 * 1 photonic crystal wave multiplexers that curved waveguide is integrated.
On the basis that utilizes photonic crystal y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguide theories, both structures are optimized, again both are integrated, be connected with y-type structure as input end by two 60 ° of curved waveguides, with the input end of the y-type structure output terminal as wave multiplexer, realize 2 * 1 photonic crystal wave multiplexers of inverted Y-shaped high-level efficiency and high bandwidth again.
Can be achieved by the following measures in purpose of the present invention:
A kind of implementation method of the efficient wave multiplexer based on 2 D photon crystal y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides, wherein:
This wave multiplexer utilizes y-type structure and two 60 ° integrated realizations of curved waveguide in the empty photonic crystal of two-dimentional triangular crystal lattice air, wherein symmetry is introduced two 60 ° of curved waveguides as input end in this 2 D photon crystal, output terminal at two curved waveguides is introduced y-type structure, and links to each other with the output terminal of y-type structure.Wherein, light wave realizes closing ripple at output terminal after the two input ends input of wave multiplexer.Airport and the position of the corner by regulating respectively 60 ° of curved waveguides and y-type structure are integrating optimization with both, thereby realize the wave energy that closes of high-level efficiency high bandwidth.
Described 2 D photon crystal airport 2 * 1 photonic crystal wave multiplexer structures are by a y-type structure and two 60 ° integrated the forming of curved waveguide, two 60 ° of curved waveguides are in order to realize the input of two-way light beam, and the purpose of y-type structure is two-way to be inputted light wave be combined efficiently.
In the described photonic crystal, background is lithium niobate, is air in the airport.The refractive index of described background lithium niobate is 2.143, and the refractive index of airport is 1.
In the described photonic crystal, grating constant is 558nm, and other airport radius is 0.3a except corner's airport.
Described y-type structure design is as follows: introducing portion separated time waveguide in perfect photonic crystal has the importing waveguide that becomes hexagonal angle with the line waveguide on the afterbody of online waveguide, as the input end that links to each other with 60 ° of curved waveguides in the wave multiplexer.
Described 60 ° of curved waveguides are introducing portion separated time waveguides in photonic crystal, and the afterbody below of online waveguide is provided with the output waveguide that becomes hexagonal angle with the line waveguide, as importing the output terminal that waveguide links to each other with y-type structure in the wave multiplexer.
Described efficient high bandwidth can realize by radius and the position of adjustable Y-shaped structure and 60 ° of curved waveguide corner airports.
Comparing the present invention with classic method has the following advantages:
Use conventional methods is to use as wave multiplexer after the beam splitter that design performance is good directly is inverted, but in the system based on photonic crystal, thus the wave multiplexer that obtains of method since input port the problem such as independent, high reflection cause the performance of wave multiplexer low, even can not use, and corresponding utilized bandwidth reduces.But utilize the mutually wave multiplexer of integration realization of y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides, high-performance and high bandwidth just can be realized in the size and the position that only need to regulate corner's airport.In addition, the present invention adopts the photonic crystal of the background media air sky of doing based on the lithium niobate material, with respect to the photonic crystal of making air background media post better realizability and ripe processing technology is arranged.
Principle of the present invention is as follows:
This wave multiplexer adopts triangular crystal lattice medium background airport photonic crystal, integrated by a y-type structure and two 60 ° of curved waveguides, radius and the position of the airport by changing y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguide corners, elder generation's local optimum y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides be global optimization again, thereby improve the performance of wave multiplexer, realize the wave energy that closes of efficient high bandwidth.
For 60 ° of curved waveguides of the photonic crystal that is not optimized, owing to reasons such as strong reflection and pattern conversions, the transmissivity from the incoming wave to the output waveguide is extremely low, and this has had a strong impact on the performance of wave multiplexer.And airport radius around the corner and position etc. are having a strong impact on transmissivity and the bandwidth of curved waveguide.The parameters such as the radius of the airport by changing corner and position can significantly improve the performance of curved waveguide, thereby lay the foundation for the wave multiplexer that obtains high-transmission rate and high bandwidth.
For the y-type structure that is not optimized when inputting end output as two ends and use, because the not independence of two ports and the effect of strong reflection, the effectively synthetic route output terminal of two-way light wave can not be exported, but be exported from input waveguide by a large amount of light waves.And the radius of the airport of corner and position are having a strong impact on this performance.The parameters such as the radius by changing corner's airport and position can obviously be dealt with problems, again it and 60 ° of curved waveguides are integrated optimization after, thereby obtain the wave multiplexer of high-transmission rate and high bandwidth.
Description of drawings
Below each photonic crystal of getting of figure structural parameters all with embodiment in identical.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this wave multiplexer, structural representation before wherein (a) expression is not optimized, (b) structural representation after expression is optimized, basic structure is the photonic crystal of triangular crystal lattice medium background airport, integrated by a y-type structure and two 60 ° of curved waveguides, the radius size of the airport of the corner after the concrete optimization is shown in mark among the figure.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of 60 ° of curved waveguides of triangular crystal lattice medium background airport photonic crystal, the structural representation before (a) expression is not optimized, the structural representation after (b) expression is optimized.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of triangular crystal lattice medium background airport photonic crystal y-type structure, the structural representation before (a) expression is not optimized, the structural representation after (b) expression is optimized.
Fig. 4 is the triangular crystal lattice medium background airport photonic crystal y-type structure of mark and the synoptic diagram of the airport that 60 ° of curved waveguide corners are optimized, and wherein indicates the synoptic diagram of optimizing part that is of numeral.(a) expression y-type structure, (b) 60 ° of curved waveguides of expression.
Fig. 5 is the transmission spectrum curve of wave multiplexer before and after y-type structure is optimized in the wave multiplexer.
Fig. 6 is the field pattern of the wave multiplexer of design.
Embodiment
The wave multiplexer structure is by a y-type structure and two 60 ° integrated the forming of curved waveguide, as shown in Figure 1.Triangular crystal lattice medium background airport photonic crystal is as basic structure, y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides are integrated, the output terminal of 60 ° of curved waveguides is the wave multiplexer input end, and output terminal links to each other with the output terminal of y-type structure, and the input end of y-type structure is as the output terminal of wave multiplexer.
At first for 60 ° of curved waveguides and y-type structure, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, a is grating constant among the figure, and a=558nm, the radius of airport are 0.3a, and refractive index is 1, and the medium background adopts lithium niobate, and refractive index is 2.143.Utilize Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD) respectively 60 ° of curved waveguides and wave multiplexer to be carried out emulation, the transmission spectrum that 60 ° of curved waveguide emulation are obtained as shown in Figure 5, as seen from Figure 5, whether 60 ° of curved waveguides are optimized, namely radius and the position of the airport of mark among Fig. 4 (b) are debugged, performance impact to 60 ° of curved waveguides is very large, after the radius size that the radius of the airport of mark marks in carrying out such as Fig. 1 in to Fig. 4 (b) is optimized, can obtain more satisfactory effect, transmissivity and bandwidth all are improved.
With optimize good 60 ° of curved waveguides and y-type structure integrated after, adopt Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD) that y-type structure is optimized, namely radius and the position of the airport of mark among Fig. 4 (a) are debugged, the performance of wave multiplexer has significant variation.After the radius size that the radius of the airport of mark marks in carrying out such as Fig. 1 in to Fig. 4 (b) is optimized, can obtain more satisfactory effect, transmissivity and the bandwidth of wave multiplexer all are improved.Utilize at last continuous wave to obtain the field pattern of wave multiplexer, as shown in Figure 6, as seen, two bundle incoming waves after two input ends inputs in the more satisfactory realization of output terminal close ripple.
Claims (6)
1. implementation method based on the efficient high bandwidth 2 D photon crystal wave multiplexer of y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides, wherein:
This wave multiplexer is to utilize y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides integrated in medium background airport photonic crystal, and the airport radius by regulating corner and position realize that efficient high bandwidth closes wave energy.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the implementation method of the 2 D photon crystal wave multiplexer of the efficient high bandwidth of y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides, it is characterized in that: the y-type structure of triangular crystal lattice photonic crystal is mutually integrated with 60 ° of curved waveguides, 60 ° of curved waveguides are introduced y-type structure as input end at the output terminal of two curved waveguides.
3. the 2 D photon crystal wave multiplexer implementation method based on the efficient high bandwidth of y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides described in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that background is lithium niobate, and namely refractive index is 2.143, and the refractive index of airport part is 1.
4. the implementation method based on the 2 D photon crystal wave multiplexer of the efficient high bandwidth of y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguides described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the radius size of the airport by changing y-type structure and 60 ° of curved waveguide corners and the ripple that closes that efficient high bandwidth is realized in the position, different Optimal Parameters correspondences different efficient and bandwidth.
5. the implementation method of the y-type structure corner described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that waveguide with the wave multiplexer light output end is as axis of symmetry, remove up and down each two (from left the 5th and the 6th airports of wave multiplexer light output end dextrad) in the first row airport of axis of symmetry, change the up and down radius R 1=0.22a of four airports of first row (from left the 3rd and the 4th airport of wave multiplexer light output end dextrad) of axis of symmetry, and respectively it is moved S1=0.02a (from left the 4th airport of wave multiplexer light output end dextrad) with respect to axis of symmetry to the direction that departs from axis of symmetry, S2=0.01a (from left the 3rd airport of wave multiplexer light output end dextrad); Change axis of symmetry up and down the radius R 3=0.22a of each two airport of second row (from left the 7th airport of wave multiplexer light output end dextrad), R4=0.24a (from left the 6th airport of wave multiplexer light output end dextrad); Adding a R5=0.65a airport as the position of the 6th airport of wave multiplexer output terminal waveguide (left from wave multiplexer light output end dextrad); Change the radius R 6=0.5a with the airport of 120 ° of corners of wave multiplexer output terminal waveguide parallel position, and change respectively radius R 7=0.4a, the R8=0.34a of adjacent with it first and the 3rd airport (two waveguide first rows go out air outside two).
6. 60 ° of curved waveguide corners described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that take the waveguide of wave multiplexer light input end as reference, change respectively radius size R9=0.34a, the R10=0.36a of input end waveguide top first row the 18th and the 19th airport (from the from left to right of wave multiplexer light input end); Change and the radius R 11=0.34a that holds first capable airport (from the from left to right of wave multiplexer light input end) level with both hands with ripple device input waveguide; Change respectively the radius R 12=0.36a of input end waveguide below the 18th and the 19th airport of first row (from the from left to right of wave multiplexer light input end), R13=0.32a; Change the radius R 14=0.33a of input end waveguide below second row the 18th (from the from left to right of wave multiplexer light input end).
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| CN103336379A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-10-02 | 北京邮电大学 | Integrated photonic crystal MZI modulator applied to 60 GHz ROF system |
| CN103630970A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-12 | 山东大学 | Y-type photonic crystal beam splitter based on auto-collimation and gradual change effect |
| CN104360439A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-02-18 | 南京信息工程大学 | Photonic crystal curved waveguide structure based on transformation media |
| CN105334575A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-17 | 华中科技大学 | Silicon-based optical beam splitter and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2016050181A1 (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-04-07 | 深圳大学 | Right angle waveguide having circular hole-type square lattice photonic crystal and single compensation scattering rod having low refractive index |
| CN106405730A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-02-15 | 华中科技大学 | Silicon-based coarse wavelength division device |
| CN109491012A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-19 | 南京邮电大学 | Tunable light-operated THz wave beam splitter based on photonic crystal |
| CN110187439A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-30 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of polarization-independent beam splitting device |
| CN111190252A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-05-22 | 重庆大学 | Triangular lattice photonic crystal waveguide based on air column and lithium niobate air column structure |
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| CN103336379B (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2017-08-25 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of integrated photon crystal MZI modulator applied to 60GHz ROF systems |
| CN103630970A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-12 | 山东大学 | Y-type photonic crystal beam splitter based on auto-collimation and gradual change effect |
| CN103630970B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2015-10-21 | 山东大学 | Based on the photonic crystal Y type beam splitter of autocollimation and the gradual change effect |
| WO2016050181A1 (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-04-07 | 深圳大学 | Right angle waveguide having circular hole-type square lattice photonic crystal and single compensation scattering rod having low refractive index |
| CN104360439A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-02-18 | 南京信息工程大学 | Photonic crystal curved waveguide structure based on transformation media |
| CN105334575B (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2019-01-15 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of silicon substrate beam splitter and its manufacturing method |
| CN105334575A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-17 | 华中科技大学 | Silicon-based optical beam splitter and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106405730A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-02-15 | 华中科技大学 | Silicon-based coarse wavelength division device |
| CN106405730B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-09-24 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of thick wavelength division component of silicon substrate |
| CN109491012A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-19 | 南京邮电大学 | Tunable light-operated THz wave beam splitter based on photonic crystal |
| CN109491012B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-05-22 | 南京邮电大学 | Tunable light-controlled terahertz wave beam splitter based on photonic crystal |
| CN110187439A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-30 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of polarization-independent beam splitting device |
| CN110187439B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-13 | 南京邮电大学 | Polarization-independent beam splitter |
| CN111190252A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-05-22 | 重庆大学 | Triangular lattice photonic crystal waveguide based on air column and lithium niobate air column structure |
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