CN102967772B - Two-dimension full automatic electromagnetic field distribution testing system - Google Patents
Two-dimension full automatic electromagnetic field distribution testing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种二维全自动电磁场分布测试系统，属于电磁场实验测试技术领域。The invention relates to a two-dimensional automatic electromagnetic field distribution testing system, which belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic field experiment testing.
背景技术Background technique
一直以来，电磁学在理论实验和实际应用方面的发展在很大程度上受制于电磁场测试技术的发展。例如在进行超材料的零折射特性的研究中，需要产生较为稳定的典型电磁场分布，并且较为精确地实现对场内幅值和相角的测量。能够实现这样功能的测试系统，应当具有以下特性：1)能够对较大范围的平面空间进行测量。2)接收极子天线能够在垂直方向上移动，使得测试结果可以反映电磁场在垂直方向上的变化。3)测试系统可以实现几种不同的典型电磁场分布。4)测试系统能够在实验测试及实验数据记录过程中实现较高程度的自动化。For a long time, the development of electromagnetism in theoretical experiments and practical applications has been largely restricted by the development of electromagnetic field testing technology. For example, in the study of the zero-refraction characteristics of metamaterials, it is necessary to generate a relatively stable typical electromagnetic field distribution, and to realize the measurement of the amplitude and phase angle in the field more accurately. A test system capable of realizing such functions should have the following characteristics: 1) It can measure a wide range of plane space. 2) The receiving pole antenna can move in the vertical direction, so that the test results can reflect the change of the electromagnetic field in the vertical direction. 3) The test system can realize several different typical electromagnetic field distributions. 4) The test system can realize a high degree of automation in the process of experimental testing and experimental data recording.
目前国内外已有一些可用于电磁场测量的实验测试平台，但目前其应用仍有一定的局限性，因为其测试范围较小，且其接收极子天线没有在竖直方向上的运动自由度，使得其极子所接收到的能量较小，测试效果较差。同时，目前已有的测试平台的上金属平板起升和支撑装置存在结构复杂，操作不便等缺点。At present, there are some experimental test platforms that can be used for electromagnetic field measurement at home and abroad, but their application still has certain limitations, because the test range is small, and the receiving pole antenna has no freedom of movement in the vertical direction. The energy received by its poles is small, and the test effect is poor. At the same time, the lifting and supporting devices of the upper metal plate of the existing test platform have disadvantages such as complex structure and inconvenient operation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种二维全自动电磁场分布测试系统，能够较为准确地实现对较大范围的空间电磁场的二维测量，并且具有使用方便、较高的稳定性和快速性等优点。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-dimensional automatic electromagnetic field distribution testing system, which can accurately realize two-dimensional measurement of a large range of spatial electromagnetic fields, and has the advantages of convenient use, high stability and rapidity.
本发明的技术方案如下：Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种二维全自动电磁场分布测试系统，包括二维电控平移台、矢量网络分析仪、波导测试系统、控制与数据处理系统及底板；所述波导测试系统包括发射极子天线、接收极子天线、上金属平板、下金属平板、吸波材料、由上下两块金属平板构成的平行波导测试腔和测试腔开启装置；所述发射极子天线安装于下金属平板上，接收极子天线安装于上金属平板的安装孔中，测试腔开启装置与上金属平板相连，吸波材料位于下金属平板的上表面，下金属平板安装在二维电控平移台上；发射极子天线以及接收极子天线与矢量网络分析仪通过同轴波导转换线相连，其特征在于：所述的测试系统还包括接收极子天线高度调节装置，该调节装置包括舵机和摆杆，在摆杆上开有滑槽，摆杆与舵机输出轴相连，在接收极子天线上安装有销轴，销轴安装于滑槽中；在上金属平板上沿X方向布置有三个接收极子天线安装孔，接收极子天线安装在其中一个孔中。A two-dimensional fully automatic electromagnetic field distribution test system, including a two-dimensional electronically controlled translation platform, a vector network analyzer, a waveguide test system, a control and data processing system, and a base plate; the waveguide test system includes a transmitter pole antenna, a receiver pole Antenna, upper metal plate, lower metal plate, wave-absorbing material, parallel waveguide test cavity and test cavity opening device composed of upper and lower metal plates; the emitter antenna is installed on the lower metal plate, and the receiver antenna is installed In the installation hole of the upper metal plate, the test chamber opening device is connected with the upper metal plate, the absorbing material is located on the upper surface of the lower metal plate, and the lower metal plate is installed on the two-dimensional electric control translation platform; the emitter antenna and the receiver The sub-antenna is connected to the vector network analyzer through a coaxial waveguide conversion line, and it is characterized in that: the test system also includes a receiving pole antenna height adjustment device, and the adjustment device includes a steering gear and a swing rod. The chute, the swing rod is connected with the output shaft of the steering gear, the pin shaft is installed on the receiving pole antenna, and the pin shaft is installed in the chute; three receiving pole antenna mounting holes are arranged on the upper metal plate along the X direction, and the receiving pole antenna A pole antenna fits in one of the holes.
本发明的技术特征还在于：所述测试腔开启装置包括四套开启机构，四套开启机构对称布置在底板上，每套包括上金属平板支撑架、支撑杆和调节螺母，支撑杆一端通过上金属平板铰链与上金属平板铰接，另一端通过支撑架铰链与上金属平板支撑架铰连，调整螺母安装在支撑杆上，上金属平板支撑架固定在底板上；二维电控平移台包括两条平行于X轴的导轨、X方向丝杠螺母传动机构和Y方向丝杠螺母传动机构，其中X方向丝杠螺母传动机构包括X向步进电机，X方向丝杠及X方向滑块，Y方向丝杠螺母传动机构包括Y向步进电机、Y方向丝杠和Y方向滑块；第一导轨以及第二导轨平行安装在底板上，X方向滑块架设在第一条导轨和第二条导轨之上，并与X方向丝杠形成丝杠传动关系，Y方向滑块、Y方向丝杠以及Y向步进电机安装在X方向滑块内，Y方向滑块与Y方向丝杠形成丝杠传动关系。The technical feature of the present invention is that the test chamber opening device includes four sets of opening mechanisms, and the four sets of opening mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate. The metal plate hinge is hinged with the upper metal plate, and the other end is hinged with the upper metal plate support frame through the support frame hinge, the adjustment nut is installed on the support rod, and the upper metal plate support frame is fixed on the bottom plate; A guide rail parallel to the X-axis, an X-direction screw nut transmission mechanism and a Y-direction screw nut transmission mechanism, wherein the X-direction screw nut transmission mechanism includes an X-direction stepping motor, an X-direction screw and a X-direction slider, and a Y-direction screw nut transmission mechanism. The direction screw nut transmission mechanism includes a Y-direction stepping motor, a Y-direction screw and a Y-direction slider; the first guide rail and the second guide rail are installed in parallel on the bottom plate, and the X-direction slider is erected on the first guide rail and the second guide rail. On the guide rail, it forms a screw transmission relationship with the X-direction screw. The Y-direction slider, Y-direction screw and Y-direction stepping motor are installed in the X-direction slider. The Y-direction slider and the Y-direction screw form a screw drive. Lever transmission relationship.
本发明与现有的电磁场测量平台系统相比，具有以下优点及突出性效果：Compared with the existing electromagnetic field measurement platform system, the present invention has the following advantages and outstanding effects:
由于本发明采用了接收极子天线高度调节装置，可以使测试接收能量在较大范围内可调，从而改进测试效果；通过改变接收极子天线在上金属平板的位置可实现较大范围的电磁场测量；通过舵机控制接收极子在垂直方向的运动，可实现接收极子所接收的能量可调；能够实现点源和平面波源两种发射模式，并能快速精确全自动扫描测试平行波导测试腔内的电磁场。Because the present invention adopts the receiving pole antenna height adjustment device, the test receiving energy can be adjusted within a wide range, thereby improving the test effect; by changing the position of the receiving pole antenna on the upper metal plate, a wide range of electromagnetic fields can be realized Measurement; control the movement of the receiving pole in the vertical direction by the steering gear, and the energy received by the receiving pole can be adjusted; it can realize two transmission modes of point source and plane wave source, and can quickly and accurately scan and test parallel waveguide The electromagnetic field in the cavity.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为二维全自动电磁场分布测试系统结构原理示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and principle of a two-dimensional fully automatic electromagnetic field distribution testing system.
图2为上金属平板示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the upper metal plate.
图3为接收极子天线高度调节装置机构简图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the receiving pole antenna height adjustment device.
图4为拆去上金属平板后的二维电控平移台的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-dimensional electronically controlled translation stage after the upper metal plate is removed.
图5为测试腔闭合时的测试腔开启装置示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the test chamber opening device when the test chamber is closed.
图6为测试腔开启时的测试腔开启装置示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the test chamber opening device when the test chamber is opened.
图7为开启机构中支撑架和支撑杆连接处的放大图。Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the connection between the support frame and the support rod in the opening mechanism.
图8为测试区域内实现的点源型电磁场分布示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of point source electromagnetic field distribution realized in the test area.
图9为测试区域内实现的平面波型电磁场分布示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the plane wave electromagnetic field distribution realized in the test area.
图中：1-Y方向滑块；2-X方向滑块；3、4-导轨；5-Y向运动丝杠；6-X向运动丝杠；7-安装孔；8-舵机；9-接收极子天线；10-上金属平板；11-发射极子天线；12-吸波材料；13-电磁波波阵面；14-上金属平板支撑架；15-下金属平板；16-Y向步进电机；17-同轴线；18-调节螺母；19-支撑杆；20-矢量网络分析仪；21-X向步进电机；22-X向定位传感器；23-Y向定位传感器；24-二维电控平移台；25-平行波导测试腔；26-测试腔开启装置；27-摆杆；28-销轴；29-上金属平板铰链；30-计算机；31-支撑架铰链；32-底板；40-控制器。In the figure: 1-slider in Y direction; 2-slider in X direction; 3, 4-guide rail; 5-screw for Y direction movement; 6-screw for movement in X direction; -receiving pole antenna; 10-upper metal plate; 11-emitter pole antenna; 12-absorbing material; 13-electromagnetic wave front; 14-upper metal plate support frame; 15-lower metal plate; 16-Y direction Stepping motor; 17-coaxial line; 18-adjusting nut; 19-support rod; 20-vector network analyzer; 21-X direction stepping motor; 22-X direction positioning sensor; 23-Y direction positioning sensor; 24 -two-dimensional electric control translation stage; 25-parallel waveguide test cavity; 26-test cavity opening device; 27-swing rod; 28-pin shaft; 29-upper metal plate hinge; 30-computer; - base plate; 40 - controller.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的结构、工作原理和工作过程做进一步的说明。The structure, working principle and working process of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1为二维全自动电磁场分布测试系统结构原理示意图，包括二维电控平移台24、矢量网络分析仪20、波导测试系统、控制与数据处理系统及底板32；所述波导测试系统包括发射极子天线11、接收极子天线9、上金属平板10、下金属平板15、吸波材料12、由上下两块金属平板构成的平行波导测试腔25和测试腔开启装置26；所述发射极子天线11安装于下金属平板15上，接收极子天线9安装于上金属平板10的安装孔7中，测试腔开启装置26与上金属平板10相连，吸波材料12位于下金属平板15的上表面，下金属平板15安装在二维电控平移台24上；所述控制与数据处理系统包括同轴波导转换线17、矢量网络分析仪20、计算机30、控制器40；发射极子天线11以及接收极子天线9通过同轴波导转换线17与矢量网络分析仪20相连，矢量网络分析仪20通过网线与计算机30相连，计算机30通过USB线与控制器40相连，控制器40通过电缆与二维电控平移台24中的X向步进电机21以及Y向步进电机16相连。在系统工作时，首先由计算机30向控制器40发送二维电控平移台移动指令，控制器40将指令输送至二维电控平移台24中的X向步进电机21以及Y向步进电机16，使二维电控平移台24移动到需要测试的位置。随后计算机30向矢量网络分析仪20发出测试指令，矢量网络分析仪20即通过同轴波导转换线17将需要发送的电磁信号输送到发射极子天线11进行发射，发射的电磁信号经过平行波导测试腔后，由接收极子天线9接收到，随后通过同轴波导转换线17输送回矢量网络分析仪20，矢量网络分析仪20将接收到的信号输送给计算机30，即完成了一个点的测试。随后计算机30再次向控制器40发送二维电控平移台移动指令，进行下一个位置的测试。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a two-dimensional fully automatic electromagnetic field distribution test system, including a two-dimensional electronically controlled translation stage 24, a vector network analyzer 20, a waveguide test system, a control and data processing system and a base plate 32; the waveguide test system includes a transmitter Pole antenna 11, receiving pole antenna 9, upper metal plate 10, lower metal plate 15, wave-absorbing material 12, parallel waveguide test cavity 25 and test cavity opening device 26 formed by two metal plates up and down; The sub-antenna 11 is installed on the lower metal plate 15, the receiving pole antenna 9 is installed in the mounting hole 7 of the upper metal plate 10, the test cavity opening device 26 is connected with the upper metal plate 10, and the wave-absorbing material 12 is located at the bottom of the lower metal plate 15. On the upper surface, the lower metal plate 15 is installed on the two-dimensional electronically controlled translation platform 24; the control and data processing system includes a coaxial waveguide conversion line 17, a vector network analyzer 20, a computer 30, a controller 40; an emitter antenna 11 and the receiving pole antenna 9 are connected to the vector network analyzer 20 through the coaxial waveguide conversion line 17, the vector network analyzer 20 is connected to the computer 30 through a network cable, the computer 30 is connected to the controller 40 through a USB cable, and the controller 40 is connected to the controller 40 through a cable It is connected with the X-direction stepping motor 21 and the Y-direction stepping motor 16 in the two-dimensional electronically controlled translation stage 24 . When the system is working, firstly, the computer 30 sends a movement instruction of the two-dimensional electronically controlled translation platform to the controller 40, and the controller 40 sends the instruction to the X-direction stepping motor 21 and the Y-direction stepping motor in the two-dimensional electronically controlled translation platform 24. The motor 16 moves the two-dimensional electronically controlled translation platform 24 to the position to be tested. Then the computer 30 sends a test instruction to the vector network analyzer 20, and the vector network analyzer 20 promptly transmits the electromagnetic signal to be sent to the emitter antenna 11 through the coaxial waveguide conversion line 17 for emission, and the emitted electromagnetic signal is tested through parallel waveguide After the cavity, it is received by the receiving pole antenna 9, and then sent back to the vector network analyzer 20 through the coaxial waveguide conversion line 17, and the vector network analyzer 20 sends the received signal to the computer 30, that is, the test of a point is completed . Then the computer 30 sends the movement command of the two-dimensional electronically controlled translation platform to the controller 40 again to test the next position.
图2为上金属平板示意图。上金属平板10由测试腔开启装置26支撑。测试腔开启装置26包括四套开启机构，四套开启机构对称布置在底板32上，每套包括上金属平板支撑架14、支撑杆19和调节螺母18，支撑杆19一端通过上金属平板铰链29与上金属平板10铰接，另一端通过支撑架铰链31与上金属平板支撑架14铰连，调整螺母18安装在支撑杆19上，上金属平板支撑架14固定在底板32上。在上金属平板10上沿X方向布置有三个接收极子天线安装孔7，接收极子天线安装在其中一个孔中。将接收极子安装在不同的定位孔中，可以实现扩大测量范围的功能。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the upper metal plate. The upper metal plate 10 is supported by the test chamber opening device 26 . The test chamber opening device 26 includes four sets of opening mechanisms, and the four sets of opening mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate 32. Each set includes an upper metal plate support frame 14, a support rod 19 and an adjustment nut 18, and one end of the support rod 19 passes through the upper metal plate hinge 29 It is hinged with the upper metal plate 10, and the other end is hinged with the upper metal plate support frame 14 through the support frame hinge 31. The adjustment nut 18 is installed on the support rod 19, and the upper metal plate support frame 14 is fixed on the base plate 32. Three receiving pole antenna installation holes 7 are arranged on the upper metal plate 10 along the X direction, and the receiving pole antenna is installed in one of the holes. Installing the receiving poles in different positioning holes can realize the function of expanding the measurement range.
图3为接收极子天线高度调节装置机构简图。该调节装置包括舵机8和摆杆27，在摆杆27上开有滑槽，摆杆27与舵机8输出轴相连，在接收极子天线9上安装有销轴28，销轴28安装于滑槽中，接收极子天线9安装在上金属平板10上的安装孔7中。舵机8的输出轴转动时，带动摆杆27转动，摆杆27带动接收极子天线9进行垂直方向的运动，将舵机的转动变为了接收极子的垂直方向运动。通过控制舵机的旋转角度可以控制接收极子在垂直方向上运动的位移，从而控制接收极子的高度。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the receiving pole antenna height adjustment device. This regulating device comprises steering gear 8 and fork 27, has chute on fork 27, and fork 27 links to each other with steering gear 8 output shafts, pin shaft 28 is installed on receiving pole antenna 9, and pin shaft 28 is installed In the chute, the receiving pole antenna 9 is installed in the mounting hole 7 on the upper metal plate 10 . When the output shaft of the steering gear 8 rotates, it drives the swing rod 27 to rotate, and the swing rod 27 drives the receiving pole antenna 9 to move vertically, so that the rotation of the steering gear becomes the vertical motion of the receiving pole. By controlling the rotation angle of the steering gear, the displacement of the receiving pole in the vertical direction can be controlled, thereby controlling the height of the receiving pole.
图4为拆去上金属平板后的二维电控平移台的运动机构简图。二维电控平移台包括两条平行于X轴的导轨，以及X方向丝杠螺母传动机构和Y方向丝杠螺母传动机构，其中X方向丝杠螺母传动机构包括X向步进电机21、X方向丝杠(6)及X方向滑块2，Y方向丝杠螺母传动机构包括Y向步进电机16、Y方向丝杠5和Y方向滑块1；第一导轨3以及第二导轨4平行安装在底板32上，X方向滑块2架设在第一条导轨3和第二条导轨4之上，并与X方向丝杠6形成丝杠传动，Y方向滑块1，Y方向丝杠5以及Y向步进电机16安装在X方向滑块2内，Y方向滑块1与Y方向丝杠5形成丝杠传动。当X方向丝杠6通过X向步进电机21带动旋转时，X方向滑块2即可在X方向运动；Y方向丝杠5固定于X方向滑块2之上，并且与Y方向滑块1形成丝杠传动，当Y向步进电机16旋转带动Y方向丝杠5旋转时，Y方向滑块1即可在Y方向运动；通过Y方向和X方向的两个运动的合成，滑块1即可实现在XY平面内的任意二维运动。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the motion mechanism of the two-dimensional electronically controlled translation stage after the upper metal plate is removed. The two-dimensional electronically controlled translation stage includes two guide rails parallel to the X-axis, and an X-direction screw nut transmission mechanism and a Y-direction screw nut transmission mechanism, wherein the X-direction screw nut transmission mechanism includes an X-direction stepping motor 21, an X-direction Direction lead screw (6) and X direction slide block 2, Y direction lead screw nut transmission mechanism comprises Y direction stepping motor 16, Y direction lead screw 5 and Y direction slide block 1; The first guide rail 3 and the second guide rail 4 are parallel Installed on the bottom plate 32, the X-direction slider 2 is erected on the first guide rail 3 and the second guide rail 4, and forms a screw drive with the X-direction screw 6, the Y-direction slider 1, and the Y-direction screw 5 And the Y-direction stepper motor 16 is installed in the X-direction slider 2, and the Y-direction slider 1 and the Y-direction screw 5 form a screw drive. When the X-direction screw 6 is rotated by the X-direction stepping motor 21, the X-direction slider 2 can move in the X direction; the Y-direction screw 5 is fixed on the X-direction slider 2, and is connected with the Y-direction slider 1 to form a screw drive, when the Y direction stepper motor 16 rotates to drive the Y direction screw 5 to rotate, the Y direction slider 1 can move in the Y direction; through the synthesis of the two movements in the Y direction and X direction, the slider 1 can realize any two-dimensional movement in the XY plane.
图5为测试腔闭合时的测试腔开启装置示意图，图6为测试腔开启时的测试腔开启装置示意图，图7为支撑架铰链部分的放大图。测试腔开启装置26包括四套开启机构，四套开启机构对称布置在底板32上，每套包括上金属平板支撑架14、支撑杆19和调节螺母18，支撑杆19一端通过上金属平板铰链29与上金属平板10铰接，另一端通过支撑架铰链31与上金属平板支撑架14铰连，调整螺母18安装在支撑杆19上，上金属平板支撑架14固定在底板32上。当需要开启测试腔时，推动上金属平板10，支撑杆19旋转使得上金属平板10升起，如图6，此时上金属平板10可以通过靠在支撑架14上进行支撑。通过调节螺母18，可以调节上下金属平板之间的间距，从而调节平行波导的高度和平行度。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the test chamber opening device when the test chamber is closed, Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the test chamber opening device when the test chamber is opened, and Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the hinge part of the support frame. The test chamber opening device 26 includes four sets of opening mechanisms, and the four sets of opening mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate 32. Each set includes an upper metal plate support frame 14, a support rod 19 and an adjustment nut 18, and one end of the support rod 19 passes through the upper metal plate hinge 29 It is hinged with the upper metal plate 10, and the other end is hinged with the upper metal plate support frame 14 through the support frame hinge 31. The adjustment nut 18 is installed on the support rod 19, and the upper metal plate support frame 14 is fixed on the base plate 32. When the test cavity needs to be opened, the upper metal plate 10 is pushed, and the support rod 19 rotates so that the upper metal plate 10 rises, as shown in FIG. By adjusting the nut 18, the distance between the upper and lower metal plates can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the height and parallelism of the parallel waveguide.
图8为测试区域内实现的点源型电磁场分布示意图，图9为测试区域内实现的平面波型电磁场分布示意图。本系统可以通过极子的不同位置以及吸波材料的放置形成两种典型的电磁场分布：一是将发射极子11置于下金属平板测试区域中心，吸波材料12呈完整的圆周放置，电磁波将形成圆形波阵面从中心出射，即可形成电源型电磁场分布，如图8所示；二是将发射极子置于波导内，使其先在波导内行进一段距离，随后进入圆形区域内。由于波导的作用，使得电磁波在从波导口出射时不再是圆形的波阵面，而形成了平行波阵面，从而形成了平面波型电磁场分布，如图9所示。这两种典型的电磁场分布在实验测试时都有较多的应用。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the point source electromagnetic field distribution realized in the test area, and FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the plane wave electromagnetic field distribution realized in the test area. This system can form two typical electromagnetic field distributions through the different positions of the poles and the placement of the absorbing material: one is to place the emitting pole 11 in the center of the test area of the lower metal plate, and the absorbing material 12 is placed in a complete circle, and the electromagnetic wave The circular wavefront is emitted from the center to form a power supply type electromagnetic field distribution, as shown in Figure 8; the second is to place the emitter in the waveguide so that it travels a certain distance in the waveguide first, and then enters the circular waveguide. within the area. Due to the function of the waveguide, the electromagnetic wave is no longer a circular wavefront when it emerges from the waveguide port, but a parallel wavefront is formed, thus forming a plane wave electromagnetic field distribution, as shown in Figure 9. These two typical electromagnetic field distributions have many applications in experimental testing.
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| CN104459347B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2017-03-29 | 成都盛军电子设备有限公司 | A kind of equipment for being easy to electromagnetic environment monitor equipment to be monitored |
| CN108872268A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-23 | 深圳凌波近场科技有限公司 | Parallel flat waveguide measuring device and method |
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