CN102953094B - 一种半光亮镍电镀液添加剂、半光亮镍电镀液和半光亮镍电镀方法 - Google Patents

一种半光亮镍电镀液添加剂、半光亮镍电镀液和半光亮镍电镀方法 Download PDF

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CN102953094B
CN102953094B CN201110247140.5A CN201110247140A CN102953094B CN 102953094 B CN102953094 B CN 102953094B CN 201110247140 A CN201110247140 A CN 201110247140A CN 102953094 B CN102953094 B CN 102953094B
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唐发德
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Hangzhou Win Win Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种半光亮镍电镀液添加剂,所述添加剂包括光亮剂、电位差稳定剂和润湿剂;所述电位差稳定剂为水合三氯乙醛;所述光亮剂、电位差稳定剂和润湿剂的质量比为5.3-123:1:0.7-35。本发明还提供了半光亮镍电镀液及半光亮镍电镀方法。本发明的半光亮镍添加剂,可以为电镀液提供一个稳定的电位差环境,适用于对镀层电位差要求大、工件耐蚀性要求高。

Description

一种半光亮镍电镀液添加剂、半光亮镍电镀液和半光亮镍电镀方法
技术领域
本发明属于电镀领域,主要涉及一种半光亮镍电镀液用添加剂及半光亮镍电镀液和半光亮镍电镀方法。
背景技术
半光亮镍镀层作为光亮镀镍的必备打底层,半光亮镍镀液的性能直接影响获得的镀层的性能。用现有的半光亮镍镀液电镀获得的镀层的电位差较小、且耐蚀性能差。
如中国专利CN1528951A公开了一种镀半光亮镍的镀镍液及其工艺为:硫酸镍240-280g/L,氯化镍45-60g/L,硼酸30-40 g/L,1,4-丁炔二醇 0.2-0.3 g/L,
冰醋酸1.0-1.5g/L,十二烷基硫酸钠0.01-0.02 g/L;pH值4.0-5.0,阴极电流密度3-4 A/dm2。将浸镀后的工件不经过水洗立即放入半光亮镀液中,在温度55-60℃下电镀4-6min。
上述方法制备得到的镀件的电位差较小、且耐蚀性能差。
发明内容
本发明为解决现有的半光亮镍镀层的电位差较小、且耐蚀性能差的技术问题,提供一种电位差高、且耐蚀性能好的半光亮镍添加剂、半光亮镍镀液及电镀方法。
本发明提供了一种半光亮镍电镀液添加剂,所述添加剂包括光亮剂、电位差稳定剂及润湿剂;所述电位差稳定剂为水合三氯乙醛;所述光亮剂、电位差稳定剂、润滑剂质量比为5.3-123:1:0.7-35。
本发明还提供了一种半光亮镍电镀液,所述镀液包括硫酸镍、氯化镍、硼酸、pH调节剂和添加剂,所述镀液的pH为4-5,所述添加剂为本发明所述的添加剂。
本发明还提供了一种半光亮镍电镀方法,该方法包括将待电镀产品作为阴极、铂电极作为阳极放置在镀液中进行电镀,所述镀液为本发明所述的半光亮镍镀液。
本发明的半光亮镍添加剂,可以为电镀液提供一个稳定的电位差环境,适用于对镀层电位差要求大、工件耐蚀性要求高。本发明适用范围广,适用的基材可以是普通五金件及塑胶件,电位差稳定、镀层应力低,镀层耐蚀性能好,在普通五金及塑料件电镀等方面应用前景好,经济效益大。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种半光亮镍电镀液添加剂,所述添加剂包括光亮剂、电位差稳定剂及润湿剂;所述电位差稳定剂为水合三氯乙醛;所述光亮剂、电位差稳定剂和润湿剂的质量比为5.3-123:1:0.7-35。
根据本发明所提供的半光亮镍电镀液添加剂,所述电位差稳定剂水合三氯乙醛可以很好的调节光亮镍与半光亮镍之间的电位差。并且控制光亮剂、电位差稳定剂和润湿剂的质量比为5.3-123:1:0.7-35,可以是镀层光亮性、电位差、镀层质量处于一个稳定的平衡状态。
根据本发明所提供的半光亮镍电镀液添加剂,所述光亮剂为2,5-二甲基己炔二醇、苯磺酰胺和磺基水杨酸中的至少一种。所述光亮剂中2,5-二甲基己炔二醇、苯磺酰胺和磺基水杨酸的质量比为1:17-100:0.7-20。所述苯磺酰胺有助于防止镀层烧焦及使镀层晶粒细化,2,5-二甲基己炔二醇用于提高半光亮镍的填平效果,脆性小,磺基水杨酸用于提高金属分布力及延展性,使镀件倍增光亮、均匀; 2,5-二甲基己炔二醇、苯磺酰胺和磺基水杨酸的质量比为1:17-100:0.7-20可以得到更好的光亮效果。
所述润湿剂2-乙基已基硫酸钠和丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠中的至少一种。所述润湿剂中2-乙基已基硫酸钠和丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠的质量比为0.5-12.5:1。所述润湿剂可以改善工件与溶液亲和状态,同时通过工件表面尖锐部位覆盖来抑制晶粒的无序生长,提高了镀层的平整性与均匀性。同时使用2-乙基已基硫酸钠和丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠作为润湿剂,并且控制他们的指比量比为2-乙基已基硫酸钠和丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠的质量比为0.5-12.5:1,可以降低镀层针孔出现机率,镀层质量较好。
本发明还提供了一种半光亮镍电镀液,所述镀液包括硫酸镍、氯化镍、硼酸和添加剂,所述镀液的pH为4-5,所述添加剂为本发明所述的添加剂。
本发明还提供了一种半光亮镍电镀液,优选地,所述硫酸镍的含量为200-250 g/L,氯化镍的含量为30-80 g/L,硼酸的含量为30-80 g/L,所述添加剂的含量为0.61-1.68 g/L。
根据本发明所提供的半光亮镍电镀液,优选地,所述镀液中光亮剂的含量为530-1230 mg/L,所述电位差稳定剂的含量为10-100mg/L,所述润湿剂的含量为70-350 mg/L。
根据本发明所提供的半光亮镍电镀液,优选地,所述2,5-二甲基己炔二醇10-30 mg/L,苯磺酰胺0.5-1g/L,磺基水杨酸20-200mg/L;所述2-乙基已基硫酸钠50-250mg/L,丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠20-100 mg/L。
根据本发明所提供的半光亮镍电镀液,所述镀液的制备方法为将硫酸镍、氯化镍、硼酸和添加剂混合溶解于水即可。
本发明还提供了一种半光亮镍电镀方法,该方法包括将待工件作为阴极、镍板为阳极放置在镀液中进行电镀,所述镀液为本发明所述的半光亮镍镀液。
根据本发明所提供的半光亮镍电镀方法,优选地,所述镀液的温度为50-60℃,电流密度为2-5A/dm2,时间为5-15分钟。
根据本发明所提供的半光亮镍电镀方法,优选地,所述半光亮镍电镀方法具体包括除油→水洗→活化→水洗→电镀半光亮镍→水洗→电镀光亮镍→水洗→干燥→得到电镀产品。
所述除油是在超声波清洗机中加入80-120g/L的除油溶液,将工件浸渍在该除油溶液中在40-60℃下超声波振动2-10分钟。
所述活化是将工件浸泡在酸洗溶液中在15-30℃下浸泡0.5-5分钟,所述酸洗溶液为200-400 ml/L的盐酸。
所述电镀光镍是以工件为阴极,镍板为阳极,在常规光镍镀液中在40-60℃下进行电镀3-10分钟,电流密度为2-5A/dm2
所述水洗和干燥都为本领域公知技术,再次不再赘述。
下面通过实施例对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。
实施例1
电镀液配方:
硫酸镍220 g/L,氯化镍50 g/L,硼酸50 g/L,2,5-二甲基己炔二醇:10mg/L,苯磺酰胺0.5g/L,磺基水杨酸20mg/L,水合三氯乙醛10mg/L, 2-乙基已基硫酸钠50mg/L,丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠20 mg/L。调PH为4.2,电镀温度55℃。
电镀方法:
除油→水洗→活化→水洗→电镀半光镍→水洗→电镀光镍→水洗→干燥→得到电镀产品A1。
各步骤条件如下:
除油:在超声波清洗机中加入100 g/L的除油溶液(常规除油剂),将工件浸渍在该除油溶液中在50℃下超声波振动5分钟。
活化:将工件浸泡在酸洗溶液(盐酸300 ml/L,)中在20℃下浸泡1分钟。
电镀半光亮镍:以工件为阴极,镍板为阳极,在半光镍镀液中在50℃下进行电镀10分钟,电流密度为4A/dm2
电镀光镍:以工件为阴极,镍板为阳极,在常规光镍镀液中在50℃下进行电镀5分钟,电流密度为4A/dm2
实施例2
按照实施例1的方法进行电镀,得到电镀产品A2。不同的是,添加剂配方为:
2,5-二甲基己炔二醇30mg/L,苯磺酰胺1g/L,磺基水杨酸200mg/L,水合三氯乙醛20mg/L,2-乙基已基硫酸钠200mg/L,丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠80 mg/L。
实施例3
按照实施例1的方法进行电镀,得到电镀产品A3。不同的是,添加剂配方为:
2,5-二甲基己炔二醇20mg/L,苯磺酰胺0.7g/L,磺基水杨酸100mg/L,水合三氯乙醛50mg/L,2-乙基已基硫酸钠100mg/L,丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠50 mg/L。
实施例4
按照实施例1的方法进行电镀,得到电镀产品A4。不同的是,添加剂配方为:
2,5-二甲基己炔二醇 20mg/L,苯磺酰胺0.8g/L,磺基水杨酸100mg/L,水合三氯乙醛100mg/L,2-乙基已基硫酸钠250mg/L,丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠100 mg/L。
对比例1
按照实施例1的方法进行电镀,得到电镀产品CA1。不同的是,添加剂为市售的常规半光镍添加剂(如达志公司的DN90)。
对比例2
按照实施例1的方法进行电镀,得到电镀产品CA2。不同的是,所述电镀半光亮镍的方法及镀液按照中国专利CN1528951A公开了的镀半光亮镍的镀镍液及其工艺。硫酸镍250g/L,氯化镍50g/L,硼酸30g/L ,1,4-丁炔二醇0.2g/L,冰醋酸1.5g/L,十二烷基硫酸钠0.02 g/L;PH值4.2,阴极电流密度3 A/dm2。将浸镀后的工件不经过水洗立即放入半光亮镀液中,在温度60℃下电镀6min。
测试方法及结果
按照下面的方法测试电镀产品A1-A4及CA1-CA2的性能。
1、电位差
用COULOSCOPE®CMS STEP电位差测试仪测试半光镍与光镍镀层之间的电位差,结果见表1。
2、耐腐蚀性
按照GB/T 6461 2002的方法,把样品放置在温度为35℃、相对湿度为85%的试验箱(无锡苏南试验设备有限公司,YWX/Q-250)内,用pH=6.8的溶液(溶液成份:50g/l的NaCl)连续喷雾。结果见表1。
表1
从表1可以看出,本发明实施例1-4制得的电镀产品的镀层的耐蚀性明显优于对比例1和对比例2制得的电镀产品。另外,实施例1-4制得的电镀产品的电位差也高于对比例1和对比例2。

Claims (6)

1.一种半光亮镍电镀液添加剂,其特征在于,所述添加剂包括光亮剂、电位差稳定剂和润湿剂;所述电位差稳定剂为水合三氯乙醛;所述光亮剂、电位差稳定剂和润湿剂的质量比为5.3-123:1:0.7-35,
所述光亮剂为2,5-二甲基己炔二醇、苯磺酰胺和磺基水杨酸,且所述光亮剂中2,5-二甲基己炔二醇、苯磺酰胺和磺基水杨酸的质量比为1:17-100:0.7-20;
所述润湿剂为2-乙基已基硫酸钠和丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠,且所述润湿剂中2-乙基已基硫酸钠和丁二酸二己酯磺酸钠的质量比为0.5-12.5:1。
2.一种半光亮镍电镀液,所述镀液包括硫酸镍、氯化镍、硼酸、pH调节剂和添加剂,所述镀液的pH为4-5;其特征在于,所述添加剂为权利要求1所述的添加剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的半光亮镍电镀液,其特征在于,所述硫酸镍的含量为200-250g/L,氯化镍的含量为30-80g/L,硼酸的含量为30-80g/L,所述添加剂的含量为0.61-1.68g/L。
4.根据权利要求2所述的半光亮镍电镀液,其特征在于,所述镀液中光亮剂的含量为530-1230mg/L,所述电位差稳定剂的含量为10-100mg/L,所述润湿剂的含量为70-350mg/L。
5.一种半光亮镍电镀方法,该方法包括将待电镀产品作为阴极、铂电极作为阳极放置在镀液中进行电镀,其特征在于,所述镀液为权利要求2-4任意一项所述的半光亮镍电镀液。
6.根据权利要求5所述的半光亮镍电镀方法,其特征在于,所述镀液的温度为50-60℃,电流密度为2-5A/dm2,时间为5-15分钟。
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