CN102952962A - Cu-Fe composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cu-Fe composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102952962A CN102952962A CN2012103668025A CN201210366802A CN102952962A CN 102952962 A CN102952962 A CN 102952962A CN 2012103668025 A CN2012103668025 A CN 2012103668025A CN 201210366802 A CN201210366802 A CN 201210366802A CN 102952962 A CN102952962 A CN 102952962A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Cu-Fe composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6-15% of iron, 0.1-0.4% of zirconium, 0.5-5% of chromium carbide, 0.5-3% of cerium dioxide, 0.1-1.5% of aluminium and the balance of copper and impurities. The composite material is formed by smelting each component and carrying out mechanical treatment including ingot casting and drawing and corresponding thermal treatment. According to the preparation method of the Cu-Fe composite material provided by the invention, zirconium is added when iron is added into copper base for reinforcing, and a formed dispersion strengthening phase ensures overall strength and electrical conductivity of the composite material and further reduces the cost. The composite material provided by the invention can be taken as high-strength and high conductivity material to be applied to various electric conduction fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of composite materials, be specifically related to a kind of Cu-Fe matrix material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Copper is one of most widely used metal, and especially most widely used general as electro-conductive material because the intensity of copper is very low, in use need to occur with the form of alloy.The intensity of electro-conductive material is when improving, and often electroconductibility can reduce.For copper is gained in strength simultaneously in that electroconductibility is not affected, by in the copper base, adding alloyed metal, prepare the composite fiber-reinforced copper alloy through certain technique, can reach novel high-strength highly-conductive material.The height of the premium properties of having developed is at present led material Cu-Ag etc., but because precious metal expensive, and resource scarcity, the application of these materials is restricted.By in the copper base, adding the intensity that cheap iron can Effective Raise copper, but the addition at iron reaches a certain amount of excellent intensity that just can obtain, meanwhile, the electroconductibility of copper has been subjected to impact, and the Cu-Fe material that how to prepare high-strength highly-conductive in the electroconductibility of not damaging copper becomes a current difficult problem.
Publication number is CN 1687479A, open day is on October 26th, 2005, name is called the patent of " high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Fe-Ag nanometer was the composite manufacture method originally ", matrix material and the preparation method of a kind of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Fe-Ag are disclosed, although reaching effective height, this material leads high-strength performance, but Ag is expensive, the impact of shortage of resources owing to being subject to, and its application will inevitably be restricted.
Summary of the invention
The Cu-Fe alloy material that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-strength highly-conductive with low cost affects the problem of its development owing to the restriction that is subject to precious metal to solve present copper conductive material.Cu-Fe matrix material of the present invention has the relatively cheap advantage of intensity height, good conductivity and cost, thereby can better enlarge the application of copper, the premium properties of performance copper.
The present invention carries out by following scheme:
A kind of Cu-Fe matrix material is prepared from by each component of following weight percentage meter: 6 ~ 15% iron, and 0.1 ~ 0.4% zirconium, 0.5 ~ 5% chromium carbide, 0.05 ~ 0.3% cerium dioxide, 0.1 ~ 1.5% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity.After iron adds in the copper, can effectively increase the intensity of copper, but the electric conductivity of copper-iron alloy can reduce.The adding of zirconium can make zirconium generate zirconium white in copper-iron alloy, and zirconium white reaches the effect of dispersion-strengthened at the interface disperse distribution.Chromium carbide be added in the wear resisting property that has improved to a certain extent alloy.The adding of cerium dioxide can be put forward heavy alloyed erosion resistance, also can put forward heavy alloyed hardness and intensity simultaneously.Aluminium can improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of copper, and the aluminum oxide that aluminium generates has also played the effect of dispersion-strengthened.
As preferred version, the weight percentage of iron is 7 ~ 10%.The iron level of this scope can balance strength and specific conductivity, thereby reaches producing effect most of alloy.
As preferred version, the median size of cerium dioxide is 20 ~ 50nm.The cerium dioxide particle diameter can increase specific surface area behind nano level, it is well dispersed in the copper base, thereby better plays a role.
As preferred version, the median size of chromium carbide is 20 ~ 50nm.The chromium carbide particle diameter can increase specific surface area behind nano level, it is well dispersed in the copper base, thereby better plays a role.
A kind of method for preparing the Cu-Fe matrix material may further comprise the steps:
(1) melting: with copper, iron fusing under nitrogen pressure 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, temperature are 1400 ~ 1600 ℃, and stir, get the copper fusant; Be that 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, temperature are 1500 ~ 1700 ℃ of lower fusings with zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with the copper fusant that stir, the employing water-cooled pours into ingot casting;
(2) hot-roll annealing: ingot casting is heated to 900 ~ 1000 ℃ of insulation 1 ~ 2h after annealings in the hydrogen atmosphere process furnace;
(3) drawing, thermal treatment: the at room temperature repeatedly drawing of ingot casting after step (2) hot-roll annealing processed is incubated 2 ~ 4h after each drawing, the total deflection η of last ingot casting 〉=10 in 350 ~ 400 ℃ hydrogen atmosphere.
The hot-roll annealing of ingot casting processed to play the deformability that suppresses work hardening, increase material, promote to be solid-solubilized in separating out of Fe among the Cu, reduce the super saturated solid solution degree of Fe in Cu, thereby improve the monolithic conductive performance.Drawing can improve the mechanical properties such as yield strength.
As preferred version, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 20 ~ 30% in the drawing process.
As preferred version, hot-roll annealing and drawing, heat treated heating rate are 15 ~ 40 ℃/minute.
As preferred version, hot-roll annealing and drawing, heat treated rate of temperature fall are 20 ~ 50 ℃/minute.
Owing to adopt technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this Cu-Fe matrix material has the relatively cheap effect of intensity height, good conductivity and cost, can break away to a certain extent the limitation of the restriction of the precious metal that present high-strength highly-conductive copper base alloy is subject to.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of Cu-Fe matrix material,
At first carry out starting material according to each component of following weight percentage meter and prepare, amount to 500kg:6% iron, 0.3% zirconium, 5% chromium carbide, 0.05% cerium dioxide, 0.8% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity.Wherein the median size of cerium dioxide is 20nm, and the median size of chromium carbide is 50nm.
Then be prepared according to following steps:
(1) melting: with copper, iron fusing under nitrogen pressure 0.005MPa, temperature are 1500 ℃, and stir, get the copper fusant; Be that 0.01MPa, temperature are 1500 ℃ of lower fusings with zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with the copper fusant that stir, the employing water-cooled pours into ingot casting;
(2) hot-roll annealing: ingot casting is heated to 950 ℃ of insulation 2h after annealings in the hydrogen atmosphere process furnace, heating rate is 15 ℃/minute, and rate of temperature fall is 30 ℃/minute;
(3) drawing, thermal treatment: with at room temperature 5 drawings of ingot casting after step (2) the hot-roll annealing processing, in 350 ℃ hydrogen atmosphere, be incubated 3h after each drawing, the total deflection η of last ingot casting 〉=10, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 230% in the drawing process, heating rate is 15 ℃/minute, and rate of temperature fall is 40 ℃/minute.
Obtain at last the Cu-Fe matrix material.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Cu-Fe matrix material,
At first carry out starting material according to each component of following weight percentage meter and prepare, amount to 500kg:10% iron, 0.4% zirconium, 0.5% chromium carbide, 0.1% cerium dioxide, 1.5% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity.Wherein the median size of cerium dioxide is 30nm, and the median size of chromium carbide is 20nm.
Then be prepared according to following steps:
(1) melting: with copper, iron fusing under nitrogen pressure 0.008MPa, temperature are 1600 ℃, and stir, get the copper fusant; Be that 0.005MPa, temperature are 1600 ℃ of lower fusings with zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with the copper fusant that stir, the employing water-cooled pours into ingot casting;
(2) hot-roll annealing: ingot casting is heated to 1000 ℃ of insulation 1h after annealings in the hydrogen atmosphere process furnace, heating rate is 30 ℃/minute, and rate of temperature fall is 50 ℃/minute;
(3) drawing, thermal treatment: with at room temperature 3 drawings of ingot casting after step (2) the hot-roll annealing processing, in 380 ℃ hydrogen atmosphere, be incubated 4h after each drawing, the total deflection η of last ingot casting 〉=10, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 20% in the drawing process, heating rate is 20 ℃/minute, and rate of temperature fall is 50 ℃/minute.
Obtain at last the Cu-Fe matrix material.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Cu-Fe matrix material,
At first carry out starting material according to each component of following weight percentage meter and prepare, amount to 500kg:15% iron, 0.1% zirconium, 2% chromium carbide, 0.3% cerium dioxide, 0.1% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity.Wherein the median size of cerium dioxide is 50nm, and the median size of chromium carbide is 50nm.
Then be prepared according to following steps:
(1) melting: with copper, iron fusing under nitrogen pressure 0.01MPa, temperature are 1400 ℃, and stir, get the copper fusant; Be that 0.007MPa, temperature are 1700 ℃ of lower fusings with zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with the copper fusant that stir, the employing water-cooled pours into ingot casting;
(2) hot-roll annealing: ingot casting is heated to 900 ℃ of insulation 1.5h after annealings in the hydrogen atmosphere process furnace, heating rate is 40 ℃/minute, and rate of temperature fall is 20 ℃/minute;
(3) drawing, thermal treatment: with at room temperature 4 drawings of ingot casting after step (2) the hot-roll annealing processing, in 400 ℃ hydrogen atmosphere, be incubated 2h after each drawing, the total deflection η of last ingot casting 〉=10, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 25% in the drawing process, heating rate is 40 ℃/minute, and rate of temperature fall is 20 ℃/minute.
Obtain at last the Cu-Fe matrix material.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Cu-Fe matrix material,
At first carry out starting material according to each component of following weight percentage meter and prepare, amount to 500kg:7% iron, 0.2% zirconium, 1% chromium carbide, 0.2% cerium dioxide, 0.5% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity.Wherein the median size of cerium dioxide is 20nm, and the median size of chromium carbide is 20nm.
Then be prepared according to following steps:
(1) melting: with copper, iron fusing under nitrogen pressure 0.01MPa, temperature are 1400 ℃, and stir, get the copper fusant; Be that 0.01MPa, temperature are 1600 ℃ of lower fusings with zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with the copper fusant that stir, the employing water-cooled pours into ingot casting;
(2) hot-roll annealing: ingot casting is heated to 900 ℃ of insulation 2h after annealings in the hydrogen atmosphere process furnace, heating rate is 25 ℃/minute, and rate of temperature fall is 35 ℃/minute;
(3) drawing, thermal treatment: with at room temperature 5 drawings of ingot casting after step (2) the hot-roll annealing processing, in 400 ℃ hydrogen atmosphere, be incubated 3h after each drawing, the total deflection η of last ingot casting 〉=10, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 25% in the drawing process, heating rate is 20 ℃/minute, and rate of temperature fall is 50 ℃/minute.
Obtain at last the Cu-Fe matrix material.
Tensile strength and the specific conductivity of the Cu-Fe matrix material that above embodiment is obtained are tested, and test result sees Table 1.
| ? | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 |
| Tensile strength (MPa) | 1453 | 1397 | 1534 | 1462 |
| Specific conductivity (%IACS) | 71 | 75 | 76 | 74 |
Can find out by upper table, the Cu-Fe matrix material of various embodiments of the present invention preparation not only has very high intensity, and have good conductivity, broken to a certain extent the limitation of the restriction of the precious metal that present high-strength highly-conductive copper base alloy is subject to.
Claims (8)
1. a Cu-Fe matrix material is characterized in that, described Cu-Fe matrix material is prepared from by each component of following weight percentage meter: 6 ~ 15% iron, 0.1 ~ 0.4% zirconium, 0.5 ~ 5% chromium carbide, 0.05 ~ 0.3% cerium dioxide, 0.1 ~ 1.5% aluminium, surplus are copper and impurity.
2. Cu-Fe matrix material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the weight percentage of iron is 7 ~ 10%.
3. Cu-Fe matrix material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the median size of cerium dioxide is 20 ~ 50nm.
4. Cu-Fe matrix material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the median size of chromium carbide is 20 ~ 50nm.
5. method for preparing Cu-Fe matrix material claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the method may further comprise the steps:
(1) melting: with copper, iron fusing under nitrogen pressure 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, temperature are 1400 ~ 1600 ℃, and stir, get the copper fusant; Be that 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, temperature are 1500 ~ 1700 ℃ of lower fusings with zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with the copper fusant that stir, the employing water-cooled pours into ingot casting;
(2) hot-roll annealing: the ingot casting that step (1) is obtained is heated to 900 ~ 1000 ℃ of insulation 1 ~ 2h after annealings in the hydrogen atmosphere process furnace;
(3) drawing, thermal treatment: the ingot casting after step (2) hot-roll annealing processed at room temperature carries out repeatedly drawing, is incubated 2 ~ 4h after each drawing in 350 ~ 400 ℃ hydrogen atmosphere, the total deflection η of last ingot casting 〉=10.
6. Cu-Fe composite manufacture method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 20 ~ 30% in the drawing process.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described Cu-Fe composite manufacture methods, it is characterized in that hot-roll annealing and drawing, heat treated heating rate are 15 ~ 40 ℃/min.
8. according to claim 5 or 6 described Cu-Fe composite manufacture methods, it is characterized in that hot-roll annealing and drawing, heat treated rate of temperature fall are 20 ~ 50 ℃/min.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105154709A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-12-16 | 河南科技大学 | High-chromium-copper alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105543544A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-04 | 宁波会德丰铜业有限公司 | Copper alloy for valve and valve preparation method |
| CN109648265A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-19 | 四川艾格瑞特模具科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of highly-efficient processing production precision machinery |
| CN113637867A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-12 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium thick-wall pipe |
| CN114289725A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-08 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity high-wear-resistance powder metallurgy copper-iron alloy |
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| JP2005179715A (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-07-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | Wear resistant copper-based alloy |
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| JP2005179715A (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-07-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | Wear resistant copper-based alloy |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105154709A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-12-16 | 河南科技大学 | High-chromium-copper alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105543544A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-04 | 宁波会德丰铜业有限公司 | Copper alloy for valve and valve preparation method |
| CN109648265A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-19 | 四川艾格瑞特模具科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of highly-efficient processing production precision machinery |
| CN113637867A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-12 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity copper-chromium-zirconium thick-wall pipe |
| CN114289725A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-08 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of high-strength high-conductivity high-wear-resistance powder metallurgy copper-iron alloy |
| CN114289725B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-09-27 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of high-strength, high-conductivity and high-wear-resistance powder metallurgy copper-iron alloy |
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