CN102949890A - Composite filtering material and applications thereof - Google Patents
Composite filtering material and applications thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102949890A CN102949890A CN 201110250046 CN201110250046A CN102949890A CN 102949890 A CN102949890 A CN 102949890A CN 201110250046 CN201110250046 CN 201110250046 CN 201110250046 A CN201110250046 A CN 201110250046A CN 102949890 A CN102949890 A CN 102949890A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite filtering material and applications thereof. The composite filtering material comprises an ahead dust layer and a base material, wherein the ahead dust layer is formed by directly piling up polyphenylene sulfide fiber into nets; and the base material comprises a fabric reinforced layer in the middle and heat-resistant short fiber nets laminated up and down. The composite filtering material has the characteristics of being high in collection efficiency, low in pressure loss, and long in service life and filtering atmospheric microparticles (PM2.5) in a city by 100%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite filter material and uses thereof.
Background technology
Along with China's industrial process is accelerated, the application of filtering material is more and more extensive, and is also more and more higher to its requirement.Because all there is different difficult points in conventional filter material at aspects such as filter efficiency, filtering layer resistance and granularity of dusts, this just requires us to create new filtering material.As everyone knows, the filter efficiency of filtering material and its pore size have direct relation, and pore size will directly affect filter efficiency.
Although traditional coated filter material has higher filter efficiency, film production process is comparatively complicated, and the film micropore surface is easily impaired, or causes that film comes off, and affects result of use.
In publication number CN2907835Y, meeting knoisphere and formed through lapping by ultra-fine high temperature resistant synthetic fibers or glass fibre, also is one to have fine-pored thin layer, can make filtrate reach good surface filtration, but the needling density of its every square centimeter 1200 to 1500 pins is larger to fibre damage.
Filtrate at the described a kind of surface adopting composite superfine short fibers of publication number CN201643872U, melt and spray the composite bed that has glass micro staple fiber, polyphenylene sulfide micro staple fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro staple fiber to form with hot pressing on the end face of its surface layer, although also can make filtrate reach good surface filtration, reduce filtration resistance, reduce energy consumption, prolong the advantage such as filtrate service life, but the diameter of the micro staple fiber that meltblown obtains is higher than method of electrostatic spinning, thereby make the blanking specific area low, filter efficiency is poorer than the composite filtering material that method of electrostatic spinning obtains.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly to have high arresting efficiency, low pressure loss, few, the long service life of deashing number of times, and 100% filters composite filter material of urban atmosphere particulate (PM2.5) and uses thereof.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
Composite filter material of the present invention is by meeting knoisphere and base material consists of, and the above-mentioned knoisphere of meeting is directly to be piled into net by polyphenylene sulfide fibre to form; Described base material be by the intermediate fabric enhancement layer and up and down respectively stacked heat resistance web of staple fibers consist of.The polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare directly becomes net to form by polyphenylene sulfide fibre, compare with the fiber web layer that obtains by acupuncture, the fiber web layer surface that directly becomes net to form has higher specific area, the small pore of meeting in the knoisphere that obtains is difficult for stopping up, reduce crushing, reduce the deashing number of times, thereby prolong the service life of filtrate.Under the large environment of ultramicron proportion, can filter more tiny particulate as the polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare of meeting knoisphere, particularly can 100% filtration PM2.5 particulate.
Composite filter material of the present invention, preferred above-mentioned polyphenylene sulfide fibre are to adopt method of electrostatic spinning or meltblown to obtain.The Fiber Phase ratio that adopts method of electrostatic spinning and melt-spraying spinning method to form, the fibre diameter that method of electrostatic spinning obtains is more even, and the average diameter of fiber is diminished, and the fiber web layer of meeting knoisphere that obtains has high-specific surface area, more preferably method of electrostatic spinning.
The base material of composite filter material of the present invention be by the intermediate fabric enhancement layer and up and down respectively stacked heat resistance web of staple fibers consist of.Fabric enhancement layer works to keep mechanical strength in the middle of it, therefore is fit to use hot strength to be the fabric enhancement layer more than the 500N/5cm.In order not affect the pressure loss of strainability, base cloth is preferably formed sparse weave.As general structure, plain weave, double-layered structure, three-layer weave, twill-weave, satin weave etc. are arranged, preferred plain weave, cost is low, be widely used, and can access satisfied performance.The warp count of fabric is preferably 10～60/2.54cm, more preferably 20～50/2.54cm; Weft count is preferably 10～30/2.54cm, more preferably 10～25/2.54cm.
The average fibre diameter that is laminated in the levels heat resistance short fiber stratum reticulare of intermediate fabric enhancement layer is selected the heat resistant fibre of 5～200 μ m.When the average fibre diameter of short fiber stratum reticulare during less than 5 μ m, cause that fleece is fine and close, venting quality is low and the pressure loss is excessive; When average diameter during greater than 200 μ m, fleece is lax, and its mechanical strength can be lower, and preferred average diameter is 5～100 μ m, and more preferably average diameter is 8～50 μ m.The employed heat resistant fibre of heat resistance short fiber layers that is laminated in the levels of above-mentioned fabrics enhancement layer can be meta-aromatic polyamide fiber, Para-aromatic Aramide Fibre, polyphenylene sulfide fibre, PBI fibre, polyimide fiber, melamine-based fiber, glass fibre, fluorine cellulose fiber, carbon fiber.Wherein preferred PPS fiber by using the PPS fiber, can access the good filtering material of heat resistance, chemical proofing and hydrolytic resistance.
Composite filter material of the present invention, the average diameter of above-mentioned polyphenylene sulfide fibre are 10nm～5 μ m.If the polyphenylene sulfide fibre average diameter less than 10nm, is then met the knoisphere operability worsens, easily fluff in the surface, affects the service life of filtering material; If on average directly greater than 5 μ m, the specific area of fiber web layer diminishes polyphenylene sulfide fibre, the filter effect variation.
In order better to capture ultramicron, the preferred 10～1000nm of the average diameter of polyphenylene sulfide fibre.For the pressure loss of nearlyer step inhibition filtering material, the average diameter of polyphenylene sulfide fibre of the present invention is 200～1000nm more preferably, most preferably 400～1000nm.
The average pore size that composite filter material of the present invention, above-mentioned formation are met the polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare of knoisphere is 0.1～10 μ m.If the average pore size of polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare is less than 0.1 μ m, then crushing improves and easily stops up; If the average pore size of polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare, does not reach the effect of excellent surface filtration greater than 10 μ m, be unfavorable for improving arresting efficiency.
Composite filter material of the present invention, the fiber of described formation intermediate fabric enhancement layer is heat resistant fibre.Above-mentioned heat resistant fibre is at least a in the fibers such as meta-aromatic polyamide fiber, Para-aromatic Aramide Fibre, polyphenylene sulfide fibre, PBI fibre, polyimide fiber, melamine-based fiber, glass fibre, fluorine cellulose fiber, carbon fiber.Wherein preferred PPS fiber and fluorine series fiber are considered from the high aspect of mechanical strength, and more preferably the PPS fiber uses the PPS fiber can access the filtering material with good heat resistance, chemical proofing and hydrolytic resistance.In addition, the mechanical strength of fluorine series fiber is poorer than PPS fiber, but heat resistance and chemical proofing are good, when therefore using in harsh especially environment, preferably uses the fluorine series fiber.
Composite filter material of the present invention, the heat resistant fibre of described formation intermediate fabric enhancement layer is at least a in short fiber or the long filament, the preferred short fiber that uses, staple yarn and fibroreticulate complexing are good, therefore make the dust catching efficient of filtering material become better.
Composite filter material of the present invention, according to JIS L 1096 standards, when test pressure was 125Pa, the venting quality of this composite filter material was 5～50cc/cm
2.s.If venting quality is less than 5cc/cm
2.s, crushing is large, cause that resistance is large, will reduce like this service life of filtering material; If venting quality is greater than 50cc/cm
2.s, cause easily dust to enter filtering material inside, so just cause the obstruction of filtering material, reduce arresting efficiency, do not reach discharge standard.Consider arresting efficiency and crushing, preferred 5～25cc/cm
2.s, more preferably 6～20cc/cm
2.s.
Composite filter material of the present invention is between 2～5 μ m time at the atmospheric dust particle diameter, can reach 100% arresting efficiency; Be between 1.0～2.0 μ m time at particle diameter, can reach the arresting efficiency more than 90%.
Composite filter material of the present invention, according to JIS L 1096 standards, the grammes per square metre of this composite filter material is at 300～1000g/m
2Between.If grammes per square metre is greater than 1000g/m
2, just increased cost; If grammes per square metre is less than 300g/m
2, the fleece that plays the dust removal by filtration effect is too thin, just can't satisfy the effect of high arresting efficiency, and mechanical strength also can't be met preferred grammes per square metre 450～700g/m
2
According to JIS L 1096 standards, the hot strength of composite filter material of the present invention is more than 500N/5cm.Composite filter material of the present invention is the filtering material for high temperature fume dust removal, the environment of high-temperature flue gas has temperature height, strong chemical corrosivity, dust concentration high in the while flue gas, so filtering material must have certain intensity to satisfy the environment of high-temperature flue gas.Filtering material in use must overcome the gravity of self and the gravity of appendix dust in addition, and during deashing compressed air to the impulsive force of filtering material.Therefore the hot strength of filtering material is more than 500N/5cm, more preferably more than the 900N/5cm.
Composite filter material of the present invention, above-mentionedly meet knoisphere and base material can be by the mode of heat bonding, also can sting fixed mode by water, but water thorn concretion method has breakage to the polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare that adopts method of electrostatic spinning to obtain, the mode of preferred heat bonding.Take the mode of heat bonding that polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare and base material can be bonded together well, but temperature is unsuitable too high, in case occur gluing.The temperature and pressure of hot pressing is by being determined by the material character of hot pressing at that time, so temperature and pressure does not have setting.
Composite filter material of the present invention is applied to prepare in the filter bag, is applied to especially the filtering material of high temperature fume dust removal.
Composite filter material of the present invention has high arresting efficiency, low pressure loss, few, the long service life of deashing number of times, and 100% characteristics of filtering urban atmosphere particulate (PM2.5).
The specific embodiment
Illustrate in greater detail the present invention below by embodiment, but the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of these embodiment.The assay method of each physical property of composite filter material is as follows.
[weight per unit area]
Filtering material is cut into the square of 200 * 200mm, calculates the weight per unit area of filtering material from weighing scale.
[thickness]
Used thickness amesdial (extruding force 0.000245Pa) is measured the thickness of filtering material.Select at random measure at 6, obtain mean value.
[venting quality]
Measure the venting quality of filtering material based on the Fu Leize type fabric breathability method of testing of JISL 1096 regulation, measuring the position is to select at random measure at 6.
[VDI3926 arresting efficiency]
Based on the performance of the standard test filtering material of VDI3926, the size of laboratory sample is φ 150mm, and the dust concentration of feeding is at 5g/m
3, filtration velocity is 2m/min.The order of experiment is initial stage 30 times+stabilisation 5000 times+last 30 times.The initial stage here 30 times and last 30 times method are, prolongation along with running time, the pressure reduction on filtering material two sides can raise gradually, when arriving 1000Pa, pulse of air is carried out deashing to the dust on filtering material surface, then carries out next process, and this process is carried out 30 times altogether, record pressure and the variation of time in the process of experiment, simultaneously detection is not filtered the concentration of the dust of material capture.Stabilization procedures refers to take 5s as the time interval filtering material be carried out deashing in the process of operation, carries out altogether 5000 times.Here the pressure of the deashing of indication is 5bar.
[residual pressure loss]
Behind the determination test of VDI3926, obtain the residual pressure loss of filtering material.
[arresting efficiency]
Measure the dust catching efficient of filtering material according to the atmospheric dust counting method.The size of laboratory sample is φ 170mm, filtration velocity is 1mm/min, ventilate after 5 minutes use RION company system draw counter (upstream) measure the atmospheric dust of the upstream side of filtering material (particle diameter: number A 0.3～5 μ m), use simultaneously the atmospheric dust (particle diameter: 0.3～5 μ m) number B in the downstream of the said firm's particle collector processed (downstream) mensuration filtering material.Measure sample n and equal 3.From the measurement result that obtains, obtain arresting efficiency (%) according to following formula.
(1 one (B/A)) * 100
In the formula, A: upstream side atmospheric dust number B: downstream atmospheric dust number
Embodiment 1
Adopt method of electrostatic spinning that polyphenyl thioether spinning liquid is sprayed onto the upper surface of following base material, the average diameter that forms polyphenylene sulfide fibre is 400nm, and then making it be piled into average pore size is that 3 μ m meet knoisphere.
The preparation method of the base material of formation composite filter material of the present invention is as follows: the plain cloth that the PPS short fiber of employing fiber number 2.0dtex (average fibre diameter 13.8 μ m), coupe 51mm makes 36/2.54cm of warp-wise density, 15/2.54cm of latitudinal density is as the intermediate fabric enhancement layer, and then lower floor is stacked with 190g/m respectively thereon
2The short fiber stratum reticulare of weight per unit area, up and down two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare all is that PPS short fiber by 100wt% fiber number 2.2dtex (average fibre diameter 14.5 μ m), coupe 51mm carries out after opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning process, with 50/cm
2The thorn pin density carries out acupuncture and obtains, and by acupuncture processing intermediate fabric enhancement layer and above-mentioned upper and lower two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare is interweaved again, obtains weight per unit area 522g/m
2, total 300/cm of needling density
2Base material.
The above-mentioned polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare that makes and the above-mentioned base material that makes are carried out bonding formation composite filter material of the present invention by the mode of heat bonding.Each physical property of this composite filter material is referring to table 1.
Embodiment 2
Adopt method of electrostatic spinning polyphenyl thioether spinning liquid to be sprayed onto the upper surface of following base material, the average diameter that forms polyphenylene sulfide fibre is 600nm, then make it be piled into the polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare that average pore size is 4.2 μ m, the fiber web layer that makes is as the knoisphere of meeting of composite filter material of the present invention.
The difference of preparation method and embodiment 1 that consists of the base material of composite filter material of the present invention is that the up and down two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare of base material all is after PPS short fiber by 100wt% fiber number 3.0dtex (average fibre diameter 16.9 μ m), coupe 51mm carries out opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning processing, with 50/cm
2The thorn pin density carries out acupuncture and obtains, and by acupuncture processing intermediate fabric enhancement layer and above-mentioned upper and lower two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare is interweaved again, obtains weight per unit area 530g/m
2, total 300/cm of needling density
2Base material.
All the other employings obtain composite filter material of the present invention with embodiment 1 identical method.Each physical property of this composite filter material is referring to table 1.
Embodiment 3
Adopt method of electrostatic spinning polyphenyl thioether spinning liquid to be sprayed onto the upper surface of following base material, the average diameter that forms polyphenylene sulfide fibre is 800nm, then make it be piled into the polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare that average pore size is 6.5 μ m, the fiber web layer that makes is as the knoisphere of meeting of composite filter material of the present invention.
The difference of preparation method and embodiment 1 that consists of the base material of composite filter material of the present invention is that the up and down two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare of base material all is after PPS short fiber by 100wt% fiber number 7.8dtex (average fibre diameter is 27.2 μ m), coupe 76mm carries out opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning processing, with 50/cm
2The thorn pin density carries out acupuncture and obtains, and by acupuncture processing intermediate fabric enhancement layer and above-mentioned upper and lower two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare is interweaved again, obtains weight per unit area 528g/m
2, total 300/cm of needling density
2Base material.
All the other employings obtain composite filter material of the present invention with embodiment 1 identical method.Each physical property of this composite filter material is referring to table 1.
Embodiment 4
Adopt the meltblown method polyphenyl thioether spinning liquid to be sprayed onto the upper surface of following base material, the average diameter that forms polyphenylene sulfide fibre is 5 μ m, then make it be piled into the polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare that average pore size is 9.7 μ m, the fiber web layer that makes is as the knoisphere of meeting of composite filter material of the present invention.
The difference of preparation method and embodiment 1 that consists of the base material of composite filter material of the present invention is that the up and down two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare of base material all is after PPS short fiber by 100wt% fiber number 7.8dtex (average fibre diameter is 27.2 μ m), coupe 76mm carries out opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning processing, with 50/cm
2The thorn pin density carries out acupuncture and obtains, and by acupuncture processing intermediate fabric enhancement layer and above-mentioned upper and lower two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare is interweaved again, obtains weight per unit area 540g/m
2, total 300/cm of needling density
2Base material.
All the other employings obtain composite filter material of the present invention with embodiment 1 identical method.Each physical property of this composite filter material is referring to table 1.
Comparative example 1
The making of intermediate fabric enhancement layer is with embodiment 1, and is folded with 196g/m layer by layer thereon
2The short fiber stratum reticulare of weight per unit area, this short fiber stratum reticulare is by the PPS short fiber of fiber number 1.0dtex (average fibre diameter 9.7 μ m), coupe 51mm and the PPS short fiber of 2.2dtex (average fibre diameter 14.5 μ m), coupe 51mm were carried out mixed cotton by weight 50: 50, the blend staple that obtains is carried out after opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning process, with 50/cm
2The thorn pin density carries out acupuncture and obtains; Stacked with 196g/m in the lower floor of intermediate fabric enhancement layer
2The short fiber stratum reticulare of weight per unit area, this short fiber stratum reticulare are that the PPS short fiber by the fiber number 2.2dtex of 100wt% (average fibre diameter is 14.5 μ m), coupe 51mm carries out after opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning process, with 50/cm
2The thorn pin density carries out acupuncture and obtains.By acupuncture processing intermediate fabric enhancement layer and above-mentioned upper and lower two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare are interweaved again, obtain weight per unit area 550g/m
2, total 300/cm of needling density
2Filtering material.Each physical property of this filtering material is referring to table 1.
Comparative example 2
The making of intermediate fabric enhancement layer is with embodiment 1, and then lower floor is stacked with 196g/m respectively thereon
2The short fiber stratum reticulare of weight per unit area, up and down two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare all is that PPS short fiber by 100wt% fiber number 2.2dtex (average fibre diameter 14.5 μ m), coupe 51mm carries out after opener, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning process, with 50/cm
2The thorn pin density carries out acupuncture and obtains, and by acupuncture processing intermediate fabric enhancement layer and above-mentioned upper and lower two-layer short fiber stratum reticulare is interweaved again, obtains weight per unit area 565g/m
2, total 300/cm of needling density
2Filtering material.Each physical property of this filtering material is referring to table 1.
From the evaluation result of table 1 as can be known, the composite filter material of embodiment 1～4 is compared with the filtering material of comparative example 1～2, although the initial stage pressure loss of filtering material is high, its later stage crushing is low, and arresting efficiency is high.Further, embodiment 1,2 best, the composite filter material that makes has high arresting efficiency, can 100% capture urban atmosphere particulate (PM2.5), and the pressure loss is low, has therefore prolonged the service life of filtering material.
Claims (10)
1. composite filter material is characterized in that: this composite filter material is by meeting knoisphere and base material consists of, and the described knoisphere of meeting is directly to be piled into net by polyphenylene sulfide fibre to form; Described base material be by the intermediate fabric enhancement layer and up and down respectively stacked heat resistance web of staple fibers consist of.
2. composite filter material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described polyphenylene sulfide fibre is to adopt method of electrostatic spinning or meltblown to obtain.
3. composite filter material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the average diameter of described polyphenylene sulfide fibre is 10nm～5 μ m.
4. composite filter material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the average diameter of described polyphenylene sulfide fibre is 10～1000nm.
5. composite filter material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the average pore size that described formation is met the polyphenylene sulfide fibre stratum reticulare of knoisphere is 0.1～10 μ m.
6. composite filter material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fiber of described formation intermediate fabric enhancement layer is heat resistant fibre.
7. composite filter material according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the heat resistant fibre of described formation intermediate fabric enhancement layer is at least a in short fiber or the long filament.
8. composite filter material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: according to JIS L 1096 standards, when test pressure was 125Pa, the venting quality of this composite filter material was 5～50cc/cm
2.s.
9. composite filter material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described knoisphere of meeting is to be combined by the mode of heat bonding with base material.
10. the application of composite filter material as claimed in claim 1 in the preparation filter bag.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110250046 CN102949890A (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2011-08-18 | Composite filtering material and applications thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110250046 CN102949890A (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2011-08-18 | Composite filtering material and applications thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN102949890A true CN102949890A (en) | 2013-03-06 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104028047A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-09-10 | 东华大学 | High-wear-resistant anti-stripping electrostatic spinning nanofiber composite filter material and spinning method thereof |
| CN106540490A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-29 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of composite nano filtrate, its preparation method and application |
| CN107469465A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-15 | 广州纤维产品检测研究院 | A kind of pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber high temperature resistant bag-type dusting filtrate and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018233650A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Filtering material |
-
2011
- 2011-08-18 CN CN 201110250046 patent/CN102949890A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104028047A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-09-10 | 东华大学 | High-wear-resistant anti-stripping electrostatic spinning nanofiber composite filter material and spinning method thereof |
| CN104028047B (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2016-04-06 | 东华大学 | A kind of high abrasion antistripping electrostatic spinning nano fiber composite filter material and spinning process thereof |
| CN106540490A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-29 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of composite nano filtrate, its preparation method and application |
| CN106540490B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2020-08-07 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Composite nano filter material, preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2018233650A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Filtering material |
| CN110603083A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2019-12-20 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Filtering material |
| CN107469465A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-15 | 广州纤维产品检测研究院 | A kind of pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber high temperature resistant bag-type dusting filtrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107469465B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2023-03-24 | 广州纤维产品检测研究院 | High-temperature-resistant bag-type dust removal filter material made of pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers and preparation method of high-temperature-resistant bag-type dust removal filter material |
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Application publication date: 20130306 |