CN111437654A - Filtering material - Google Patents
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- CN111437654A CN111437654A CN201910038638.7A CN201910038638A CN111437654A CN 111437654 A CN111437654 A CN 111437654A CN 201910038638 A CN201910038638 A CN 201910038638A CN 111437654 A CN111437654 A CN 111437654A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a filtering material which comprises a filtering surface layer, a base cloth layer and a non-filtering surface layer, wherein the average static friction coefficient between heat-resistant fibers in the filtering surface layer is 0.15-0.50 mu s. After the filter material is used for a long time of at least 2 years, the characteristics of high trapping efficiency, long cycle time and low pressure loss can be still maintained. The filter material of the present invention is sewn in a bag shape, and is suitable for use as a bag filter for collecting exhaust gas from coal boilers, garbage incinerators, steel, asphalt, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a filter material.
Background
The fact that the concentration of PM2.5 in the atmosphere of most cities in China exceeds the standard is not contended, which becomes one of the environmental problems which need to be solved urgently, and a series of environmental policies are issued by the nation. As early as 2007, national standards of materials for bag-type dust collectors and filter bags were promulgated by the China Association for the environmental protection industry, the emission requirements for coal boiler flue gas are becoming more and more strict, and higher capture rate of the filter bags is required. From 2013, each province gradually adopts more strict requirements on emission, 20mg/m3The following emissions present a demand for generalization. From 2016, 10mg/m was used as the emission requirements became stricter3The following emissions become mainstream.
However, since the filter material is used in a severe environment, particularly, the temperature of the discharged flue gas is high and SO in the flue gas2In environments with high NOx content, the lifetime of the filter material will be severely tested. In order to prolong the service life of the filter material, a general corresponding method is to add a certain proportion of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers into the filter material. However, since the polytetrafluoroethylene short fibers on the market are mainly produced by a membrane splitting method, the fiber distribution is very uneven, even if the average diameter can be controlled to be 15 μm, a large amount of coarse fibers are mixed in the polytetrafluoroethylene short fibers, and dust often enters a filter material from gaps of the coarse fibers during filtration to cause pressure rise and circulationThe loop time is reduced. In addition, the addition ratio of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers to the filter material is problematic in that, if the amount of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers added is too large, the fibers of the filter mat slide easily, the fibers gradually slide during blowing, and fiber gaps become large, so that the filter material has poor filtration performance after being used for a certain period of time, the pressure loss increases, and the cycle time becomes short.
For example, chinese patent publication CN106310789A discloses a super fine fiber ultra-clean high temperature filter material with low gram weight and its preparation method, wherein the temperature resistance of the filter material is improved by adding polytetrafluoroethylene fibers to the filtering surface and the non-filtering surface, respectively, although the service life of the prepared filter material is improved to a certain extent, after long-term use, the gaps between the fibers are increased, dust is easy to invade, and the pressure difference of the filter material is increased, thereby shortening the cycle time.
For another example, chinese patent publication CN206045594U discloses a special needle-punched filter felt for coal-fired power plant boiler bag dust removal, the filter surface layer of the needle-punched filter felt contains PPS fibers, PPS fine fibers, PTFE fibers and PTFE fine fibers, the purpose of adding PTFE to the needle-punched filter felt is to prolong the service life of the needle-punched filter felt, although the effect of prolonging the service life of the filter felt is indeed achieved, and the initial filtering effect of the filter felt is improved by adding PTFE fine fibers. However, after long-term use, gaps among the fibers are increased, dust is easy to invade, so that the pressure difference of the filter felt is increased, the cycle time is shortened, and the problems that the cycle time is long and the pressure loss is low after the filter felt is used for a long time are not solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a filter material which can keep long cycle time and low pressure loss after long-term use for at least 2 years.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the filtering material comprises a filtering surface layer, a base cloth layer and a non-filtering surface layer, wherein the average static friction coefficient between heat-resistant fibers in the filtering surface layer is 0.15-0.50 mu s.
The filtering surface layer preferably contains 70-100 wt% of polyphenylene sulfide fiber.
The heat-resistant fiber forming the filter material preferably contains 0-30 wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene fiber.
The difference between the content of the polyphenylene sulfide fiber in any cross section of 100 μm × 100 μm and the total content of the polyphenylene sulfide fiber in the filter surface is within + -10%.
The polyphenylene sulfide fiber preferably has an average diameter of 5.0 to 15.0 μm.
The polytetrafluoroethylene fibers preferably have an average diameter of 10.0 to 30.0 μm.
The polytetrafluoroethylene fibers preferably account for 0-15 wt% of the total amount of the fibers of the filtering surface layer.
The base fabric layer is preferably a woven fabric formed of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers or polyphenylene sulfide fibers.
The gram weight of the filter material is preferably 400-800 g/m2。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior filter material, the filter material of the invention can still maintain the characteristics of high collection efficiency, long cycle time and low pressure loss after long-term use for at least 2 years. The filter material of the present invention is sewn in a bag shape, and is suitable for use as a bag filter for collecting exhaust gas from coal boilers, garbage incinerators, steel, asphalt, and the like.
Detailed Description
The filtering material comprises a filtering surface layer, a base cloth layer and a non-filtering surface layer, wherein the average static friction coefficient between heat-resistant fibers in the filtering surface layer is 0.15-0.50 mu s. The average static friction coefficient between the heat-resistant fibers in the filtering surface layer refers to the force required for pulling the fibers and the fibers to generate displacement in unit area when the fibers are contacted together, and the larger the static friction coefficient is, the larger the force is. If the average static friction coefficient between the heat-resistant fibers and the heat-resistant fibers is less than 0.15 mu s, when the filter felt is actually used, in order to remove dust accumulated on the surface of the filter felt, reverse blowing is carried out under the pressure of 4kg at most, the filter felt is pulled towards two sides by force by collision blowing, and along with the increase of the blowing times, because the friction coefficient between the fibers is too small, gaps between the fibers are gradually increased due to the blowing pressure applied during blowing, and after the filter material is used for a long time of more than one year, the phenomenon that the pressure is too high and the cycle time is greatly reduced occurs; if the static friction coefficient between the heat-resistant fibers is greater than 0.50 mu s, the non-woven fabric is difficult to comb during carding, more neps can occur, the product quality uniformity is affected, and due to the neps, the filter felt is poor in uniformity, dust can permeate into the filter felt from the neps generation position, and the pressure can rise rapidly. In consideration of the long cycle time and the low pressure loss of the filter material, the average static friction coefficient between the heat-resistant fibers in the filter surface layer is preferably 0.20 to 0.40. mu.s.
The filter surface layer preferably contains 70 to 100 wt% of polyphenylene sulfide fibers. If the content of the polyphenylene sulfide fibers in the filtering surface is too low and the content of the PTFE fibers is increased, the mutual attraction among PTFE macromolecules is small, the attraction of the surface to other molecules is small, so the friction coefficient of the PTFE fibers is very small, the material has a lubricating effect and the friction coefficient of the surface is extremely low, so that the average static friction coefficient between the fibers is reduced, the clearance between the fibers is gradually increased due to the blowing pressure applied during blowing, and the phenomenon that the pressure is too high and the cycle time is greatly reduced occurs after the filtering material is used for a long time of more than one year; if the content of polyphenylene sulfide fiber in the filtering surface is increased, the content of PTFE fiber is reduced, so that the static friction coefficient between the fiber and the fiber is increased, the fiber is difficult to comb in the process of cotton carding of non-woven fabrics, more neps can occur, the uniformity of the filter felt is poor due to the neps, dust can permeate into the filter felt from the neps, and the pressure loss of the filter felt is increased.
The heat-resistant fiber forming the filter material preferably contains 0-30 wt% of polytetrafluoroethylene fiber. In order to increase the coefficient of static friction between fibers in the filter material, not only the content of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers can be appropriately reduced, but also the proportion of the lubricant can be reduced by adjusting the fiber finish, for example, increasing the proportion of the emulsifier, and the like. If the content of the PTFE fiber is too large, the mutual attraction among PTFE macromolecules is small, the attraction of the surface to other molecules is also small, so the friction coefficient of the PTFE fiber is very small, the material has a lubricating effect, the friction coefficient of the surface is extremely low, the average static friction coefficient between the fibers is reduced, and after long-term use, gaps among the fibers are increased, dust is easy to invade, so that the pressure difference of the filter felt is increased, and the cycle time is shortened.
The difference between the content of polyphenylene sulfide fibers in any 100-micron × -100-micron cross section of the filter surface and the total content of polyphenylene sulfide fibers in the filter surface is within +/-10%, the PPS fiber content in the preferred range in the small-range area of the filter surface shows that the filter material is good in uniformity and high in uniformity, the filter material is uniform in filtering effect at each position, and the phenomenon of local accelerated aging due to local filtering effect difference is avoided, the PPS fiber content is low and the other fiber content is relatively high in the small-range area of the filter surface, if the difference between the polyphenylene sulfide fiber content and the total addition amount in any 100-micron × -100-micron cross section of the filter surface is too large, the static friction coefficient of the filter material is reduced, if the total content of the PPS fibers and the PTFE fibers is not changed, the local PPS fiber content is increased, the local PTFE fiber content of other part is increased, the static friction coefficient of the part is reduced, the gap between the fibers is gradually increased due to pressure applied during blowing, the gap between the fibers and the fibers is gradually increased after 1 year, the static friction coefficient of the fibers is increased when the filter material is used, the filter surface is increased, the static friction coefficient of the filter material is increased after the filter surface is increased, the filter material is increased, the static friction coefficient of the filter material is increased, the filter surface is increased, the static friction coefficient of the filter material is increased, and the filter surface is increased, the filter surface is increased.
The polyphenylene sulfide fiber preferably has an average diameter of 5.0 to 15.0 μm. The cross-sectional shape of the PPS fiber is circular, trilobal, flat, or cross, and the average diameter of the PPS fiber is a diameter converted into a circle regardless of the cross-sectional shape. If the diameter of the PPS fiber is too large, the gaps among the fibers become large, dust can easily permeate, and therefore, the discharge outlet concentration is difficult to be ensured within 20 mg/Nm; if the PPS fiber diameter is too small, although the gap between the fibers becomes small and the collection efficiency of the obtained filter material is high, if the average diameter of the polyphenylene sulfide fiber is too small, the carding difficulty of raw cotton increases, and mass production is difficult.
The polytetrafluoroethylene fibers preferably have an average diameter of 10.0 to 30.0 μm. The cross-sectional shape of the PTFE fiber may be circular, or may have other irregular shapes, and the average diameter of the PTFE fiber means a diameter converted into a circular shape regardless of the cross-sectional shape. If the average diameter of the PTFE fiber is too small, the carding performance is poor, the carding difficulty of raw cotton is increased, and the mass production is difficult to realize; if the average diameter of the PTFE fiber is too large, the large-diameter PTFE fiber is too large, and even if the small-diameter PPS fiber is contained, the gap between the large-diameter fibers cannot be completely filled, and the initial filtration effect of the obtained filter material is poor.
The polytetrafluoroethylene fibers preferably account for 0-15 wt% of the total amount of the fibers of the filtering surface layer. If the PTFE fibers in the filter face layer are within this preferred range, the durability of the filter material is further increased, the lower the content of PTFE fibers, the less likely the fibers will separate from one another, and if the strength aspect can be continued to be used without PTFE fibers in the filter face layer, the filter bag can be used for more than 5 years. If the content of the PTFE fibers in the filter surface layer is too large, the static friction coefficient between the fibers is increased, the fibers are easy to slide during collision and blowing, the pores are enlarged, and the filtering effect is poor in a relatively short time.
The base fabric layer is preferably a woven fabric formed of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers or polyphenylene sulfide fibers. When the fabric made of the PPS fiber is used as the base fabric layer, even if the fiber is brought into the filtering surface in the needling process, the durability of the long-term filtering performance is not influenced. When the fabric made of PTFE fibers is used as the base fabric layer, the filtering performance of the filtering material is slightly influenced, but the temperature resistance of the whole filtering material can be improved.
The gram weight of the filter material is preferably 400-800 g/m2. If the gram weight of the filter material is too high, the initial pressure loss is increased due to the reduction of the air permeability of the filter material, so that the power of the induced draft fan is increased, and the economic benefit is reduced; if the grammage of the filter material is too low, the strength is insufficient because the fibers constituting the filter material become small, and the dust is more likely to permeate therethrough, resulting in a decrease in the filtering performance.
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and the test methods of the properties of the filter material are as follows.
[ coefficient of static Friction ]
The static friction coefficient between fibers was measured in accordance with JIS L1015, and the fibers for producing a filter felt were attached to the outer side of an 8mm cylinder in parallel, and then they were connected to each other by a filter-producing reader, and the load at the time of unbalance of the one fiber was recorded by applying a constant load to the other end, wherein the static friction coefficient =0.733log (W/(W-m)), W is the load (N), and m is the data of the reader.
[ gram weight ]
The filter material was cut into a 200 × 200 mm square in accordance with JIS L1096, and the grammage of the filter material was calculated from the weight (grammage = filter cloth weight/(length × width) (n =2 to 3, and averaged).
[ VDI3926 Capture efficiency & Outlet dust concentration ]
The performance of the filter material was determined on the basis of VDI3926 standards, the test sample size being 150 mm in diameter, the dust concentration fed inAt 5.0 +/-0.5 g/m3The filtering wind speed is 2m/min (the wind quantity is 1.85 m)3H). The sequence of the experiment was 30 rounds in the first stage, 5000 rounds in stabilization and 30 rounds in the last stage. The method of the initial 30 times and the final 30 times is that the pressure difference between two sides of the filter material is gradually increased along with the extension of the operation time, when the pressure reaches 1000Pa, the dust on the surface of the filter material is cleaned by the pulse air, then the next process is carried out, the process is carried out for 30 times in total, the pressure loss Pa and the change of the cycle time t (second) are automatically recorded in the process of the experiment, wherein the pressure loss is recorded as the last time of the last 30 times, when the pressure reaches 1000Pa, the pressure recorded 2 seconds after the pulse dust cleaning action occurs, and the cycle time refers to the total time spent by the last 30 times from the beginning to the end of the operation, and the weight M (g) of the dust penetrating through the filter material is weighed. The stabilization process is to perform ash removal on the filter material at 5s intervals in the running process, and the ash removal is performed for 5000 times. The pressure of the soot cleaning referred to herein is 5 bar. The calculation formula of the outlet dust concentration is as follows:
outlet dust concentration C = weight M/(1.85 × time t/3600) of dust permeating the filter material,
collection efficiency = (1-outlet dust concentration C/5) × 100%.
[ tensile Strength ]
The tensile strength of the sample cloth was measured based on the method for measuring the strength of the cloth prescribed in JIS L1096 1096.A specimen size of 20cm × 5cm, a tensile speed of 100m/min, and a chuck interval of 10 cm. was measured as a value of 1-time strength in the warp direction (a direction perpendicular to the orientation of the fibers, and the same direction as the warp direction of the plain weave scrim in the case of a specimen containing a plain weave scrim) of the specimen, which was sampled in the warp direction and the weft direction, respectively.
[ polyphenylene sulfide fiber content in any cross section of 100 μm × 100 μm ]
Taking a section with an area of 100 × 100 mu m, measuring the area occupied by the PPS fiber and the PTFE fiber, respectively marking as S1 and S2, measuring the density of the PPS fiber and the density of the PTFE fiber, respectively marking as rho 1 and rho 2, and calculating the PPS fiber content in the section with 100 mu m × 100 mu m as follows:
PPS fiber content of any 100 μm × 100 μm cross section = (S1 × ρ 1)/((S1 × ρ 1) + (S2 × ρ 2)),
the uniformity was good when the fiber content of any cross section of 100 μm × 100 μm-total addition amount of fibers | < 10%.
Example 1
PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm and PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length of 51mm were used in a ratio of 50: 50, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 220g/m2The fiber web served as a filter face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.30. Adopting PPS fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 107g/m2The PPS scrim of (a) as a base layer. The PPS short fiber with the average diameter of 14.4 mu m and the length of 51mm is used for opening, carding, lapping and needling, and the prepared fiber mesh is used as a non-filtering surface layer. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the fabric with the gram weight of 550g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 1.
Example 2
Using PPS staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm, PPS staple fibers having an average diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length of 51mm, and PTFE staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 15.0 μm, 40: 40: 20, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 240g/m2The fiber web served as a filtration face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.20. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using PPS short fiber with average diameter of 14.4 μm and length of 51mmPPS short fiber and PTFE short fiber according to the weight ratio of 80: opening, carding, lapping and needling at a weight ratio of 20The resulting web then served as the non-filtering facing. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the fabric with the gram weight of 600g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 1.
Example 3
Using PPS staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 10.0 μm and a web length of 51mm, PPS staple fibers having an average diameter of 14.4 μm and a web length of 51mm, and PTFE staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 15.0 μm, the fiber composition was as follows: 35: 30, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 250g/m2The fiber web served as a filter face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.15. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using pps staple fibers having an average diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length of 51mmPPS and PTFE staple fibers in a weight ratio of 70: 30 weight percent, and then the fiber net is used as a non-filtering surface layer after opening, carding, lapping and needling. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the gram weight of 620g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 1.
Example 4
Using PPS staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm, PPS staple fibers having an average diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length of 51mm, and PTFE staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 15.0 μm, the fiber composition was adjusted in accordance with the following ratio of 35: 35: 30, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 250g/m2The fiber net is used as a filter surface layer, and the static friction coefficient between fibers in the filter surface layer is 0.30. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using PPS short fiber with average diameter of 14.4 μm and length of 51mmPPS short fiber and PTFE short fiber according to a weight ratio of 70: 30 by weight ratioAnd after cotton opening, cotton carding, lapping and needling, the prepared fiber net is used as a non-filtering surface layer. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the gram weight of 620g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 1.
Example 5
PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm and PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length of 51mm were used in a ratio of 50: 50, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 220g/m2The fiber web served as a filtration face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.50. Adopting PPS fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 107g/m2The PPS scrim of (a) as a base layer. The PPS short fiber with the average diameter of 14.4 mu m and the length of 51mm is used for opening, carding, lapping and needling, and the prepared fiber mesh is used as a non-filtering surface layer. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the fabric with the gram weight of 550g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 1.
Example 6
PPS short fibers with the average diameter of 5.0 mu m and the piece length of 51mm and PTFE short fibers with the average fiber diameter of 15.0 mu m are adopted as the filtering surface, and the weight ratio of the PPS short fibers to the PTFE short fibers is as follows: 20, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 240g/m2The fiber web served as a filtration face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.20. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using PPS short fiber with average diameter of 14.4 μm and length of 51mmPPS short fiber and PTFE short fiber according to the weight ratio of 80: 20 weight ratio, and then the fiber net is used as a non-filtering surface layer after opening, carding, lapping and needling. Then the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower filtering surface layer are arrangedThe non-filtering surface layer is needled again to obtain a gram weight of 600g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 1.
Example 7
PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm and PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length of 51mm were used in a ratio of 50: 50, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 130g/m2The fiber web served as a filter face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.30. Adopting PPS fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 107g/m2The PPS scrim of (a) as a base layer. The PPS short fiber with the average diameter of 14.4 mu m and the length of 51mm is used for opening, carding, lapping and needling, and the prepared fiber mesh is used as a non-filtering surface layer. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the product with the gram weight of 380g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 1.
Example 8
PPS short fibers having an average diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm and PTFE short fibers having an average fiber diameter of 15.0 μm were used in a ratio of 80: 20, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 240g/m2The fiber web served as a filtration face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.20. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using PPS short fiber with average diameter of 14.4 μm and length of 51mmPPS short fiber and PTFE short fiber according to the weight ratio of 80: 20 weight ratio, and then the fiber net is used as a non-filtering surface layer after opening, carding, lapping and needling. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the gram weight of 600g/m2The filter material of the present invention is finally fed to the filter surface of the filter material of the present inventionThe heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment are carried out, and the physical properties of the filter material of the invention are shown in Table 1.
Example 9
PPS short fibers having an average diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm and PTFE short fibers having an average fiber diameter of 15.0 μm were used in a ratio of 80: 20, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 240g/m2The fiber web served as a filtration face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.20. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using PPS short fiber with average diameter of 14.4 μm and length of 51mmPPS short fiber and PTFE short fiber according to the weight ratio of 80: 20 weight ratio, and then the fiber net is used as a non-filtering surface layer after opening, carding, lapping and needling. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the gram weight of 600g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 2.
Example 10
Using PPS staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm, PPS staple fibers having an average diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length of 51mm, and PTFE staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 10.0 μm, 40: 40: 20, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 240g/m2The fiber web served as a filtration face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.20. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using PPS short fiber with average diameter of 14.4 μm and length of 51mmPPS short fiber and PTFE short fiber according to the weight ratio of 80: 20 weight ratio, and then the fiber net is used as a non-filtering surface layer after opening, carding, lapping and needling. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the gram weight of 600g/m2The filter material of the invention is finally subjected to heat setting, calendaring and singeing treatment on the filter surface of the filter material of the inventionThe physical properties of the filter material are shown in Table 2.
Example 11
Using PPS staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 10.0 μm and a web length of 51mm, PPS staple fibers having an average diameter of 14.4 μm and a web length of 51mm, and PTFE staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 30.0 μm, 40: 40: 20, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 240g/m2The fiber web served as a filtration face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.20. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using PPS short fiber with average diameter of 14.4 μm and length of 51mmPPS short fiber and PTFE short fiber according to the weight ratio of 80: 20 weight ratio, and then the fiber net is used as a non-filtering surface layer after opening, carding, lapping and needling. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the gram weight of 600g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 2.
Example 12
PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm and PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length of 51mm were used in a ratio of 50: 50, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 145g/m2The fiber web served as a filter face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.30. Adopting PPS fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 107g/m2The PPS scrim of (a) as a base layer. The PPS short fiber with the average diameter of 14.4 mu m and the length of 51mm is used for opening, carding, lapping and needling, and the prepared fiber mesh is used as a non-filtering surface layer. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the fabric with the gram weight of 400g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 2.
Example 13
Using PPS staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm, PPS staple fibers having an average diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length of 51mm, and PTFE staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 15.0 μm, the fiber composition was adjusted in accordance with the following ratio of 35: 35: 30, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 340g/m2The fiber web served as a filter face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.15. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using PPS short fiber with average diameter of 14.4 μm and length of 51mmPPS short fiber and PTFE short fiber according to a weight ratio of 70: 30 weight percent, and then the fiber net is used as a non-filtering surface layer after opening, carding, lapping and needling. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the product with the gram weight of 800g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 2.
Example 14
The PPS short fiber with the average diameter of 16.0 mu m and the piece length of 51mm is used for opening, carding, lapping and needling by 100 weight percent to obtain the PPS short fiber with the gram weight of 220g/m2The fiber web served as a filter face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.30. Adopting PPS fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 107g/m2The PPS scrim of (a) as a base layer. The PPS short fibers with the average diameter of 16.0 mu m and the piece length of 51mm are used for opening, carding, lapping and needling, and the prepared fiber web is used as a non-filtering surface layer. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the product with the gram weight of 550g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material of the present invention are shown in table 2.
Example 15
PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm, an average fiber diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length were usedPPS staple fibers of 51mm, and PTFE staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 15.0 μm were as follows: 35: 30, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 250g/m2The fiber web served as a filter face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.15. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using an average diameter of 14.4 μm, pieces of 51mmPPS staple fibers and PTFE staple fibers according to a 70: 30 weight percent, and then the fiber net is used as a non-filtering surface layer after opening, carding, lapping and needling. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the gram weight of 620g/m2The filtration material of (1) was finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filtration surface of the filtration material of the present invention, and the physical properties of the filtration material were as shown in table 2.
Comparative example 1
Using PPS staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 10.0 μm and a web length of 51mm, PPS staple fibers having an average diameter of 14.4 μm and a web length of 51mm, and PTFE staple fibers having a fiber average diameter of 15.0 μm, the fiber composition was adjusted in accordance with a ratio of 25: 25: 50, then opening, carding, lapping and needling are carried out to obtain the product with the gram weight of 265g/m2The fiber web served as a filter face layer in which the static friction coefficient between fibers was 0.11. Adopting PTFE fiber to weave to obtain the product with the gram weight of 120g/m2The PTFE scrim as a base layer. Using PPS short fiber with average diameter of 14.4 μm and length of 51mmPPS short fiber and PTFE short fiber according to the weight ratio of 50: 50 weight percent of the fiber web is used as a non-filtering surface layer after opening, carding, lapping and needling. Then needling is carried out again in the form of the upper filtering surface layer, the middle base cloth and the lower non-filtering surface layer to obtain the product with the gram weight of 650g/m2The filter material of (1) is finally subjected to heat setting, calendering and singeing treatment on the filter surface of the filter material, and the physical properties of the filter material are shown in table 3.
Comparative example 2
PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 10.0 μm and a piece length of 51mm and PPS staple fibers having an average fiber diameter of 14.4 μm and a piece length of 51mm were used in a ratio of 50: 50 by weight, and the static friction coefficient between the fibers was 0.60. Because the static friction coefficient between the fibers is too large, normal cotton carding can not be carried out after cotton mixing, and neps are too large.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
From the above table, (1) it is understood from examples 1 and 4 that the PPS fiber content in example 1 is high, the pressure loss of the obtained filter material is low, and the cycle time is long under the same conditions.
(2) As is clear from examples 3 and 4, the average static friction coefficient between the heat-resistant fibers and the heat-resistant fibers in the filter surface layer of example 4 was within a preferable range under the same conditions, and the obtained filter material had a lower pressure loss and a longer cycle time.
(3) As is clear from examples 1 and 7, the filter material obtained in example 1 had a grammage within a preferred range under the same conditions, and the collection efficiency was higher.
(4) From examples 8 and 9, it is clear that under the same conditions, the difference between the polyphenylene sulfide fiber content and the total amount of addition in any cross section of 100 μm × 100 μm on the filter surface of example 8 is small, and the resulting filter material has a slightly high collection efficiency, a slightly long cycle time, and a slightly low pressure loss.
(5) From example 1 and example 14, it is understood that the average diameter of the PPS fibers in example 1 is small under the same conditions, and the obtained filter material has higher collection efficiency, lower pressure loss, and longer cycle time.
(6) From example 3 and example 15, under the same conditions, the difference between the PPS fiber content in the cross section of 100 μm × 100 μm in example 3 and the total addition amount is within a preferable range, and the cycle time of the obtained filter material is longer.
Claims (9)
1. A filter material, characterized by: the filtering material comprises a filtering surface layer, a base cloth layer and a non-filtering surface layer, wherein the average static friction coefficient between heat-resistant fibers in the filtering surface layer is 0.15-0.50 mu s.
2. The filter material of claim 1, wherein: the filtering surface layer contains 70-100 wt% of polyphenylene sulfide fiber.
3. A filter material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the heat-resistant fibers of the filter material contain 0 to 30 weight percent of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers.
4. The filter material of claim 2, wherein the difference between the content of the polyphenylene sulfide fibers in any cross section of 100 μm × 100 μm and the total content of the polyphenylene sulfide fibers in the filter surface is within ± 10%.
5. A filter material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the polyphenylene sulfide fiber has an average diameter of 5.0-15.0 μm.
6. A filter material as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the average diameter of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers is 10.0-30.0 mu m.
7. A filter material as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers account for 0-15 wt% of the total amount of the fibers of the filtering surface layer.
8. The filter material of claim 1, wherein: the base cloth layer is a fabric formed by polytetrafluoroethylene fibers or polyphenylene sulfide fibers.
9. The filter material of claim 1, wherein: the gram weight of the filter material is 400-800 g/m2。
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| CN114432792A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-06 | 江苏奥凯环境技术有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant multilayer filter material |
| CN114682005A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-01 | 冯睿 | Filter material and filter bag made of same |
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