CN102948616B - Growing-finishing pig low-protein daily feed capable of improving meat quality and feeding method thereof - Google Patents
Growing-finishing pig low-protein daily feed capable of improving meat quality and feeding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a growing-finishing pig low-protein daily feed capable of improving meat quality, which consists of corn, soybean meal, wheat middling, germ meal, a variety of amino acids, betaine hydrochloride, montmorillonite and basal premix. The invention also discloses a feeding method of the growing-finishing pig low-protein daily feed. Since the invention adds the amino acids and the betaine hydrochloride into the growing-finishing pig low-protein daily feed, while the growth performance of growing-finishing pigs is kept or enhanced, the nitrogen intake of pigs is decreased, the absorption and utilization rates of nitrogen in the pig body are increased, consequently, the content of nitrogen in pig feces is decreased in the end, the environment of a pig farm is improved, moreover, the carcass quality is improved, the eye muscle area is enlarged, and the thickness of back fat is decreased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of animal feed, particularly relate to and a kind ofly can reduce protein content in daily ration, maintain simultaneously or improve the grow-finish pig growth performance, improve its carcass quality and reduce store pig low-protein diet and the feeding method thereof of pig farm environmental pollution.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of aquaculture, excreta is more and more outstanding to the pollution problem of environment, in pig excrements, contains a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, and these nitrogen and phosphorus flow into environment will cause huge pollution to environment.By rational disposal and utilization pig excrements, can partly solve problem of environmental pollution, but only have from source control the feed intake of nitrogen and improve nitrogen phosphorus in the pig body absorption and utilization rate could fundamentally reduce pig excrements nitrogen phosphorus to the pollution problem of environment.The method that reduces nitrogen phosphorus discharge rate in Swine Production comprises that utilization can digest amino acid and coordinate daily ration, uses the application of synthesizing amino acid and " ideal protein " pattern etc.The low-protein diet preparation technique is according to " ideal protein " and can digest the technical development of amino acid cooperation daily ration.
So-called low-protein daily ration (LPD) refers to Different Dietary Protein Levels is reduced to 2%-4%, meet simultaneously the needs of amino acid whose kind, ratio and quantity in livestock and poultry diet, but livestock and poultry production performance is constant, feed conversion rate, livestock and poultry nitrogen retention and nitrogen discharged, heat stress ability all make moderate progress, and so a kind of daily ration is low-protein daily ration.If further reduce Different Dietary Protein Levels, in any case guarantee amino acid whose needs, the growth achievement of animal does not all reach desirable level, content of fat in body rise to some extent (low-protein diet relevant issues progress. Song dynasty army. the feed review, the 3rd phase .2002), a lot of Feed Enterprise are when the configuration low-protein diet, the defect that technology exists, cause the production performance of store pig to be difficult to performance, growth slows down, the difficult situation that low-protein diet is difficult to promote in practice occurred, therefore, low-protein diet is also the problem that is worth research.
The effect of low-protein diet in Swine Production:
1, alleviate to a certain extent potein deficiency.From the current raising situation of China, what particularly piglet generally used in producing in pig industry is that to take corn-soybean meal be main high protein ration, because the dregs of beans price is higher and resource is nervous, ratio shared in piglet diet is only second to corn, therefore use LPD can reduce to a certain extent the content of dregs of beans in daily ration, thereby the reduction feed cost, the situation that the protein resources such as alleviation dregs of beans lack.
2, reduce the pig farm environmental pollution.In intensive, modernization, specialized Swine Production activity, pig manure, urine in not the nutrient of digested utilization environment has been caused to serious negative effect.Feed intake and absorption and the utilization rate of raising nitrogen in the pig body by controlling nitrogen, can reduce dietary protein and will greatly reduce the discharge of nitrogen.Fundamentally reduce the pollution problem of nitrogen to environment in pig excrements.A large amount of development tests both at home and abroad show, the dietary protein level of every reduction by 1% can reduce the nitrogen of 10-12% and discharge.Reduce the column home ammonia concentration, avoid the impact of too high ammonia concentration on pig growth performance.Reduce simultaneously protein level energy loss is reduced, reduce amount of drinking water, correspondingly the volume of ight soil also can reduce.
3, reduce the diarrhea rate of piglet.Early-weaned piglets, because its digestive function is not perfect, the body heat regulation ability and immunity all poor, and weaned, the impact of impact, the especially feed factor of the factor such as environment and feed, be prone to the diarrhoea of having loose bowels, thereby cause growth retardation, the phenomenon such as even dead.Reduce the generation that Different Dietary Protein Levels can reduce hindgut toxic metabolite (ammonia, amine), reduce chyme pH, suppress the breeding of pathogenic microorganism, make the enteron aisle of piglet more healthy.Reducing thus Different Dietary Protein Levels is the effective measures of controlling Diarrhea after Piglets " Weaning.
4, on low protein-base, take into account and improve specializing in seldom of meat.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of store pig low-protein diet that can improve meat, in this daily ration, protein content is reduced to 14% from traditional 16%, maintain simultaneously or improved store pig growth performance, improved its carcass quality and reduced the environmental pollution on pig farm.
A kind of store pig low-protein diet that can improve meat comprises: corn, dregs of beans, inferior powder, the plumule dregs of rice, amino acid, beet alkali hydrochlorate, montmorillonite and basic premix.
On the basis of experiment, preferred technical scheme is: the described store pig low-protein diet that can improve meat comprises:
Described amino acid comprises lysine, methionine, threonine.Above-mentioned a few seed amino acid is the amino acid the most easily lacked in current swine rations formula, is also the growth of animal essential amino acid simultaneously.And above-mentioned amino acid in several all can have been bought on market at monomer, and cheap, has very strong practical value.
As preferably, according to the gross weight meter of daily ration, in described amino acid, the percentage by weight of each component is:
Lysine 0.15～0.25%
Methionine 0.04～0.08%
Threonine 0.08～0.15%.
Through test of many times, show, while adopting the swine rations of following composition, when the Diet For Finishing Pig protein level reduced by 2%, in pig house, ammonia concentration significantly reduced, and environment obviously improves obviously and improves, and has improved the lean meat percentage of pork, and eye muscle area increases obviously; This store pig low-protein diet comprises:
As further preferred, during above-mentioned daily ration formed, according to the gross weight meter of daily ration, in described amino acid, the percentage by weight of each component was:
Lysine 0.2%
Methionine 0.07%
Threonine 0.1%.
The present invention also provides a kind of feeding method of swine rations, and described swine rations is the store pig low-protein diet described in arbitrary technical scheme in technique scheme.
Test shows, described swine rations in store pig 40-50 kg body weight when between marketing period, using daily ration of the present invention, effect is more outstanding.Because improving the effect of meat, betaine need the accumulation on a period of time just can play a significant role.
The raw material related in the present invention all can be selected commercially available prod, and wherein basic premix generally refers to the basic premix that this area is commonly used, can adopt commercial product.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
The present invention adopts and in swine rations, adds amino acid and beet alkali hydrochlorate, when maintaining or improving the grow-finish pig growth performance, improve its carcass quality, reduced the feed intake of pig to nitrogen, pig body interior absorption and utilization rate to nitrogen have been improved, thereby finally reduced the content of nitrogen in the pig manure, improved the pig farm environment.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
According to the formula in table 1, prepare swine rations (wherein the addition of table 1 Raw all calculates according to percentage by weight) according to existing method.
Table 1
Wherein, basic premix is exerted feed technology Co., Ltd purchased from the Hangzhou Chinese mugwort.
The experiment that the formula of Application Example 1 is carried out
Test site: pig industry Co., Ltd pig farm is herded by Taizhou plain China.
Time: 10 days～September 30 July in 2010,80 days by a definite date.
Experimental animal: 60 of the Du Dachang ternary fattening pigs of the initial body weight 50kg of test selection left and right, adopt the single-factor design, be divided into 2 processed group, each processed group male and female half and half, each processes 3 repetitions, and each repeats 10 pigs, and 2 processing are respectively control group and test group.Experimental period is 45 days.Test pig free choice feeding and drinking-water, feeding and management and immune programme for children carry out with reference to the pig farm conventional program.The every day entry material consumption of duration of test, when feeding experiment finished, fasting (freely drinking water) was weighed after 24 hours, calculated per day feed intake, daily gain and the material anharmonic ratio of test pig.
The test daily ration: the test diet forms with reference to the nutritional need cooperation of U.S. NRC (1998) fattening pig, control group use crude protein content is 16% daily ration, it is 14% that test group is used crude protein content, adds simultaneously corresponding amino acid and keeps balance (being the daily ration that embodiment 1 prepares).The basal diet formula is in Table 2.
Table 2
Annotate: digestible energy system forms and calculates gained according to raw material, and all the other are measured value.
Index determining: weigh and calculate daily ingestion amount, daily gain and material anharmonic ratio; Trunk is cut apart rear calculating dressing percentage, lean meat percentage, survey eye muscle area (LDA) and is surveyed the thickness of backfat; Detect serum urea nitrogen content, the concentration of pig house ammonia and the excretion of nitrogen.
Result of the test such as following table 3～table 5:
Table 3
As shown in Table 3, the daily ingestion amount of test group and control group, daily gain, heavy and material anharmonic ratio difference not significantly (p>0.05) eventually.Result of the test shows, the Diet For Finishing Pig protein level reduces by 2%, and after adding essential amino acid etc., growth performance does not reduce.
Table 4
As shown in Table 4, compare with control group, test group dressing percentage of hog difference is remarkable (p>0.05) not; Lean meat percentage improves 4.20%, and difference is remarkable (p>0.05) not; Eye muscle area has improved 17.08%, significant difference (p<0.05); The thickness of backfat reduces by 21.46%, significant difference (p<0.05).Result of the test shows, the Diet For Finishing Pig protein level reduces by 2%, and after adding essential amino acid etc., carcass quality is obviously improved.
Table 5
Annotate: between colleague's data, take on the female different person's significant differences (P<0.05) of marking-up or difference extremely significantly (P<0.01).
As shown in Table 5, compare with control group, test group serum urea nitrogen level has reduced by 19.15% (p<0.05); In pig house, ammonia concentration has reduced by 21.78% (p<0.05), shows that Different Dietary Protein Levels reduces by 2%, and in pig house, ammonia concentration significantly reduces, and environment obviously improves; The elimination of nitrogen amount has reduced by 20.10% (p<0.05), shows that Different Dietary Protein Levels reduces by 2%, and the elimination of nitrogen amount of pig significantly reduces, and has reduced the pollution of raising pigs to environment.
This result of the test shows, the Diet For Finishing Pig protein level reduces by 2%, and after adding essential amino acid etc., growth performance does not reduce; Carcase quality obviously improves; In pig house, ammonia concentration significantly reduces, and environment obviously improves, and the elimination of nitrogen amount of pig significantly reduces, and has reduced the pollution of raising pigs to environment.
Claims (2)
1. the store pig low-protein diet that can improve meat, is characterized in that, consists of the following composition:
2. the feeding method of a swine rations, is characterized in that, described swine rations is the store pig low-protein diet that can improve meat claimed in claim 1, and described swine rations starts to use between marketing period in store pig 40-50 kg body weight.
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| CN108967704A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-11 | 惠州九鼎饲料科技有限公司 | A kind of piglet feed of the slag containing fermentation cassava |
| CN110393169A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-11-01 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method for breeding improving meat quality |
| CN110250349A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-09-20 | 正大康地阳江饲料有限公司 | A kind of big swine feed of reinforcing reducing the thickness of backfat |
| CN111118109B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2023-08-01 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for evaluating protein nutrition status of individual live pigs by using blood biochemical indexes |
| CN112369503A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-19 | 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 | Low-protein daily ration |
| CN114591934A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-07 | 浙江华腾牧业有限公司 | Complex enzyme preparation for enhancing protein metabolism and nitrogen deposition of fattening pigs and pig feed |
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| CN101461466A (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-24 | 山东六和集团有限公司 | Preparation technology of low-protein daily ration for fattening pigs |
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