CN102944559A - Vision measurement method for anisotropic performance parameters in sheet forming - Google Patents
Vision measurement method for anisotropic performance parameters in sheet forming Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vision measurement method for anisotropic performance parameters in sheet forming, belonging to the field of machining methods. The vision measurement method comprises the following steps of: (1) sample preparation; (2) camera calibration; (3) image acquisition; (4) speckle strain calculation; (5) selection of deformation state; (6) regression analysis processing; and (7) calculation of anisotropic performance parameters. The vision measurement method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the strain data of sheet forming can be measured in a high-efficiency manner so as to calculate the anisotropic performance parameters, and has the characteristics of convenience in measurement operation, high automation degree, accurate and reliable measurement result and non-contact measurement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the machining process field, relate to a kind of measuring method of sheet forming anisotropic properties parameter.
Background technology
Plastic strain ratio
rThe important indicator of the anisotropic properties dominate because of texture of expression, when the sheet metal sample is stretched to the generation uniform plastic deformation vertically, the ratio of the logarithmic strain of sample marking distance insied width direction and the logarithmic strain of thickness direction, it is defined as follows:
Wherein:
a 0 ---the thickness of the initial gauge length of sample;
b 0 ---the width of the initial gauge length of sample;
l 0 ---the length of the initial gauge length of sample.
According to become 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° of three plastic strain ratios that direction records on the sheet metal plane with rolling direction
rThe value weighted mean value, can obtain the weighted mean plastic strain ratio (
), that is:
According to the plastic strain ratio that becomes 0 ° and 90 ° direction on the sheet metal plane with main rolling direction
rThe difference of the arithmetic mean value of value and the Lankford r value of 45 ° of directions can obtain degree of planer anisotropy of the plastic strain ratio (
Δ r), that is:
Plastic strain ratio commonly used
rTo estimate the plate anisotropic properties, be used widely at aspects such as cold-rolled products research and development, quality of production control and industrial selections.
The assay method of plate anisotropic properties parameter mainly is determined by experiment at present, under laboratory condition, the experimental facilities of employing standard, under the effect of uniaxial tension power, tensile sample obtains the initial gauge length of different orientation sample to the uniform plastic deformation stage by the mode of hand dipping or automatically measurement
l 0 And width
b 0 , the gauge length of regulation under the strain level
lAnd width
b, at last measured value substitution formula (1), (2) and (3) are calculated
r,
With
Δ rValue.Experimental technique can obtain more accurate plastic strain ratio, but owing to need repeated measurement sample, this method is obtained plastic strain ratio
rCumbersome, following shortcoming is arranged: the workload of (1) hand dipping is large, and precision is lower; (2) yield deformation of sample in axial loading procedure, the transient state inertial effect of switching initiation to extensometer system initialization late effect and speed in length and breadth can cause
rThe error of value strain paths feature affects precision; (3) later experiments data processing complex, efficient is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: a kind of vision measuring method of new plate anisotropic properties parameter is provided, can have measured in real time, accurately, efficiently the plate plastic strain ratio
r, the weighted mean plastic strain ratio
And degree of planer anisotropy of the plastic strain ratio
Δ r, to describe the anisotropic properties of plate.
The object of the invention realizes by following technical proposals:
A kind of vision measuring method of sheet forming anisotropic properties parameter may further comprise the steps successively:
The first step, sample are prepared: the plate blank is cut into the sample that standard compliant size and geometric configuration require, and in the specimen surface zone spraying speckle pattern of required measurement;
Second step, camera calibration: obtain image from the shooting of different orientation, utilize image to carry out camera calibration and calculate, obtain accurately position relationship of two cameras by demarcation, described position relationship comprises external parameter, inner parameter and the lens distortion parameter of camera;
In the 3rd step, obtain image: clamp the sample that is ready to finish the speckle spray treatment according to standard, start Material Testing Machine sample is carried out the stretcher strain loading, and control two cameras and take synchronously, to obtain the image sequence of tested sample under deformation state;
The 4th step, the speckle strain is calculated: the whole Sample Images that obtain are carried out the speckle three dimensional strain calculate, obtain the strain data of different distortion state specimen surface, described strain data comprises average logarithmic strain, length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain of sample;
In the 5th step, select deformation state: according to stress-strain curve, choose sample take satisfy the average logarithmic strain of calculating in its gauge length zone 10% or more as the homogeneous deformation steady section, as the range of strain that returns interval calculating;
In the 6th step, regretional analysis is processed: length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain of the deformation state picked out in the previous step are processed according to the method for regretional analysis, length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain that obtains is respectively
xAxle with
yAxle is made intervals linear and is returned the slope coefficient that obtains
m
In the 7th step, calculate the anisotropic properties parameter: previous step is obtained
mThe following formula of value substitution:
, obtain the plastic strain ratio of this sample
rValue is at the plastic strain ratio that obtains the different orientation sample
rAfter the value, substitution correlation computations formula draws the weighted mean plastic strain ratio
And degree of planer anisotropy of the plastic strain ratio
Δ r, namely obtained the anisotropic properties parameter of plate.
As optimal way, in the described first step, the sample of preparation need satisfy following requirement:
A) the sample edge flawless of preparation, the surface is without scratching;
B) specimen surface is smooth: in the sample marking distance, the difference of the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 at any two places should be greater than 0.01 mm; When thickness during less than 1.0 mm, should be not more than 1% of nominal thickness;
C) the original gauge length insied width of sample both sides are parallel: breadth extreme and minimum widith should be not more than and measure 0.1% of width mean value in the gauge length;
D) sample of at least 3 kinds of different orientations of preparation, and every type sample is no less than 3;
E) speckle particle that is sprayed on specimen surface is answered stochastic distribution;
F) speckle contrast is obvious;
G) speckle prepare scope should be greater than measured deformed region.
As optimal way, in the described second step, comprise the external parameter of camera, inner parameter and the lens distortion parameter of camera, concrete demarcating steps is as follows:
A) start camera from different perspectives and distance gathers target image;
B) image coordinate at reference mark on the calculating target;
C) adopt Method of Direct Liner Transformation to resolve projection matrix;
D) find the solution the camera inside and outside parameter according to the projection matrix of trying to achieve, thereby obtain demarcating the initial value of each parameter;
E) utilize the light beam adjustment Algorithm to camera calibration, obtain accurate camera inside and outside parameter.
As optimal way, in described the 3rd step, obtain image request:
A) left and right sides camera image in each deformation state is the image of taking under the synchronization;
B) clear picture that gathers, the speckle regions contrast is obviously;
C) camera relative position in the left and right sides does not change in shooting process;
D) camera optical axis in the left and right sides is spent greater than 30 with the angle that will measure the deformed region plane;
E) institute's employing camera frame frequency is 10 frames/s;
F) testing machine chuck translational speed is no more than 50%
l 0 Mm/s.
As optimal way, in described the 4th step, concrete calculation procedure is:
A) choose a deformation state image as base state, the gauge length that selection will be calculated in the left camera image of base state is regional, and the search forms size in the zoning is set;
B) in the selected zoning of the left camera image in base state, choose one or more search forms as the starting point of speckle coupling;
C) use speckle related algorithm and relevant search algorithm to carry out the speckle coupling;
D) the corresponding speckle in the camera image of the left and right sides is carried out three-dimensional reconstruction, obtain the three-dimensional spatial information of deformed region;
E) according to three-dimensional reconstruction result, by the strain at some Calculation of Three Dimensional point place adjacent around each three-dimensional point.
As optimal way, in described the 5th step, described average true range of strain is 10%-20%.
As optimal way, described orientation comprises with rolling direction becoming 0 °, 45 ° and 90 °.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) because this method is simple to operate, is convenient to use under the experiment condition.
(2) since in this method digital speckle pattern spraying work simple, strain is calculated can full automation, so measuring period is shorter, efficient is higher.
(3) because this method is calculated the specimen surface strain by speckle image, and calculate the anisotropic properties parameter of plate by the Interval Regression method, carry out formula with traditional measurement gauge length and width dimensions again and calculate and compare, precision is higher.
(4) because this method does not adopt extensometer to measure, so in measuring process, can not cause because of the transient state inertial effect of extensometer system initialization late effect and speed switching initiation
rThe error of value strain paths feature affects precision.
(5) because this method uses is the mode of optical measurement, so be a kind of non-contact measurement method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of concrete operation step of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the inventive method experimental provision sketch;
Fig. 3 is the sample of the inventive method preparation and process speckle spray treatment;
Fig. 4 is the camera calibration process flow diagram;
Fig. 5 is speckle strain calculation flow chart;
Fig. 6 is the true stress and strain curve of embodiment 1;
Fig. 7 is length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain straight line that the Interval Regression match of embodiment 1 obtains;
Fig. 8 is the true stress and strain curve of embodiment 2;
Fig. 9 is length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain straight line that the Interval Regression match of embodiment 2 obtains;
Figure 10 is the true stress and strain curve of embodiment 3;
Figure 11 is length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain straight line that the Interval Regression match of embodiment 3 obtains;
Figure 12 is the steel test specimen speckle image that adopts vision measuring method to obtain in the demonstration test;
Figure 13 is the steel test specimen surface strain field of adopting vision measuring method to obtain in the demonstration test;
Figure 14 is the measurement result contrast of vision measuring method and extensometer measuring method.
Embodiment
Following non-limiting examples is used for explanation the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The present invention proposes a kind of plate anisotropic properties parametric measurement method, and concrete operation step as shown in Figure 1.The hardware configuration of the experimental provision that adopts mainly is comprised of 1 material stretch test machine 1, plate sample 2,2 CCD cameras 3,2 LED illumination lamps 4,1 controller 5 and 1 computing machine 6 etc. as shown in Figure 2.
The first step, sample is prepared, and the plate blank is cut into the sample (GB/T5027-1999) that meets standard size and geometric configuration requirement, and one group of experimental sample that is formed by certain complex laminate material cutting is as shown in Figure 3.Specimen surface zone in required measurement uses the mode of manually spraying paint to make speckle pattern.The plate sample prepare to require: a) should guarantee the sample edge flawless for preparing, the surface defectives such as scuffing that do not have; B) require specimen surface smooth, unless otherwise prescribed, thickness should be the product through thickness, but in the sample marking distance, the difference of the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 at any two places should be greater than 0.01 mm; When thickness during less than 1.0 mm, should be not more than 1% of nominal thickness; C) the original gauge length insied width of sample both sides nonparallelism should be as far as possible little, and breadth extreme and minimum widith should be not more than and measure 0.1% of width mean value in the gauge length; D) sample of 3 kinds of different orientations of preparation (becoming 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° with rolling direction), and every type sample is no less than 3; E) speckle particle that is sprayed on specimen surface is answered stochastic distribution; F) speckle contrast should be obvious; G) speckle prepare scope should be greater than measured deformed region.
Second step, camera calibration obtains image from the shooting of different orientation, utilizes image to carry out camera calibration and calculates, and obtains accurately position relationship of two cameras by demarcation, comprises the external parameter of camera, inner parameter and the lens distortion parameter of camera.Concrete demarcating steps following (as shown in Figure 4): a) start camera from different perspectives and distance gathers target image; B) image coordinate at reference mark on the calculating target; C) adopt Method of Direct Liner Transformation to resolve projection matrix; D) find the solution the camera inside and outside parameter according to the projection matrix of trying to achieve, thereby obtain demarcating the initial value of each parameter; E) utilize the light beam adjustment Algorithm to camera calibration, obtain accurate camera inside and outside parameter.
The 3rd step, obtain image, for all sizes of preparing and the plate sample of geometric configuration, starting characteristics test machine (material stretch test machine), sample is out of shape loading, and utilizes computer control two cameras to take to obtain the plate sample at the image sequence of deformation state synchronously.Obtain image request: a) left and right sides camera image in each deformation state should be the image of taking under the synchronization; B) the image that gathers should be clear, speckle regions contrast is obviously; C) camera relative position in the left and right sides can not change in shooting process; D) left and right sides camera optical axis should be greater than 30 degree with the angle that will measure the deformed region plane; E) institute's employing camera frame frequency is 10 frames/s; F) testing machine chuck translational speed should not surpass 50%
l 0 Mm/s.
In the 4th step, the speckle strain is calculated, and the whole Sample Images that obtain is carried out the speckle three dimensional strain calculate, and obtains average logarithmic strain, length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain of different distortion state specimen surface.Concrete calculation procedure (as shown in Figure 5) is: a) choose a deformation state image as base state, the gauge length that selection will be calculated in the left camera image of base state is regional, and the search forms size in the zoning is set; B) in the selected zoning of the left camera image in base state, choose one or more search forms as the starting point of speckle coupling; C) use speckle related algorithm and relevant search algorithm to carry out the speckle coupling; D) the corresponding speckle in the camera image of the left and right sides is carried out three-dimensional reconstruction, obtain the three-dimensional spatial information of deformed region; E) according to three-dimensional reconstruction result, by the strain at some Calculation of Three Dimensional point place adjacent around each three-dimensional point.
In the 5th step, according to true stress and strain curve (as shown in Figure 6), choose sample homogeneous deformation steady section (getting deformation extent at 10%-20%), as returning the range of strain that calculates.Check speckle strain result of calculation, select suitable deformation state, satisfy the average logarithmic strain that calculates in its gauge length zone in above-mentioned range of strain.
The 6th step, length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain of the deformation state picked out in the previous step are processed according to the method for regretional analysis, wherein the length direction logarithmic strain is as the x axle, the Width logarithmic strain is as the y axle, and by observing the regression curve of setting up, further reject undesirable deformation state, match is to revise regression curve (as shown in Figure 7) again.Obtain slope coefficient according to finally fitting the Interval Regression straight line
m=-0.42753.
Then can obtain:
, will
mThe above-mentioned formula of value substitution obtains moulding of this sample
The property strain ratio
r=0.74682.Different orientation (comprising 0 °, 45 ° and 90 °) sample is calculated its plastic strain ratio
rAfter the value, require to bring the correlation computations formula into according to GB/T 5027-1999, draw the weighted mean plastic strain ratio
And degree of planer anisotropy of the plastic strain ratio
Δ r, namely obtained the anisotropic properties parameter of plate.
Embodiment 2:
The implementation step of present embodiment in the same manner as in Example 1, the employed sample material of present embodiment is the AA6061(aluminium), specimen size as shown in Figure 3.Utilize the true stress―strain curve of the AA6061 sample that the inventive method obtains as shown in Figure 8, length direction logarithmic strain and Width logarithmic strain straight line according to as shown in Figure 9 Interval Regression match obtains obtain slope
m=-0.39755, and then calculate
r=0.65989.
Embodiment 3:
The implementation step of present embodiment in the same manner as in Example 1, the employed sample material of present embodiment is the SPCC(cold-rolled low carbon steel), specimen size as shown in Figure 3.Utilize the true stress―strain curve of the SPCC sample that the inventive method obtains as shown in figure 10, length direction logarithmic strain and Width logarithmic strain straight line according to as shown in figure 11 Interval Regression match obtains obtain slope
m=-0.60718, and then calculate
r=1.54570.
In order to verify the precision of digital speckle image calculation strain, adopt image collecting device shown in Figure 12 to design and Implement the standard tensile experiment of steel test specimen, and utilize extensometer to carry out precision test and contrast, as shown in figure 13, wherein figure is left is successively decreased by the index value outside interior, as scheme the right side from top to bottom shown in.Material for test is the Q235 steel, and thickness 2mm obtains according to standard processing by the line cutting; Extensometer gage length is 50mm, and the strain measurement precision reaches 0.5%, and measurable maximum strain is 50%.
At first, to the test specimen processing of spraying paint, form surperficial speckle characteristics.Then, utilize the clamp device of standard material testing machine that the square plate test specimen of customization is fixed, and arrange that on the test specimen surface extensometer is used for the experiment contrast.Open camera when test specimen begins to stretch and carry out image acquisition.At last, the image that gathers is processed and resolved.
Fig. 9 is in the steel sheet test specimen stretching experiment process, utilizes respectively the mean strain correlation curve of the same deformed region in test specimen surface that this paper method and extensometer record.As seen from Figure 14, the measurement result of two kinds of methods is basically identical.In addition, if the strain that calculates take the inventive method as
Coordinate, the strain that records take extensometer as
Coordinate can obtain some coordinate points, and these coordinate points of match can obtain straight line, and equation is:
, can find out that from equation the relative error of two kinds of methods is approximately less than 0.1 strain percentage value.
Above confirmatory experiment has proved precision and the reliability of measuring method of the present invention on the length direction logarithmic strain is calculated, because it is consistent that this measuring method is calculated the Computing Principle that uses in length direction logarithmic strain calculating with the Width logarithmic strain, therefore can illustrate that the present invention passes through the method that the speckle strain calculates and obtains length direction logarithmic strain and Width logarithmic strain, and match strain result sets up regression curve, and to measure the method for anisotropic properties parameter be reliable and effective.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the vision measuring method of a sheet forming anisotropic properties parameter is characterized in that may further comprise the steps successively:
The first step, sample are prepared: the plate blank is cut into the sample that standard compliant size and geometric configuration require, and in the specimen surface zone spraying speckle pattern of required measurement;
Second step, camera calibration: obtain image from the shooting of different orientation, utilize image to carry out camera calibration and calculate, obtain accurately position relationship of two cameras by demarcation, described position relationship comprises external parameter, inner parameter and the lens distortion parameter of camera;
In the 3rd step, obtain image: clamp the sample that is ready to finish the speckle spray treatment according to standard, start Material Testing Machine sample is carried out the stretcher strain loading, and control two cameras and take synchronously, to obtain the image sequence of tested sample under deformation state;
The 4th step, the speckle strain is calculated: the whole Sample Images that obtain are carried out the speckle three dimensional strain calculate, obtain the strain data of different distortion state specimen surface, described strain data comprises average logarithmic strain, length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain of sample;
In the 5th step, select deformation state: according to stress-strain curve, choose sample take satisfy the average logarithmic strain of calculating in its gauge length zone 10% or more as the homogeneous deformation steady section, as the range of strain that returns interval calculating;
In the 6th step, regretional analysis is processed: length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain of the deformation state picked out in the previous step are processed according to the method for regretional analysis, to obtain the length direction logarithmic strain and the Width logarithmic strain is respectively
xAxle with
yAxle is made intervals linear and is returned the slope coefficient that obtains
m
In the 7th step, calculate the anisotropic properties parameter: previous step is obtained
mThe following formula of value substitution:
, obtain the plastic strain ratio of this sample
rValue is at the plastic strain ratio that obtains the different orientation sample
rAfter the value, substitution correlation computations formula draws the weighted mean plastic strain ratio
And degree of planer anisotropy of the plastic strain ratio
Δ r, namely obtained the anisotropic properties parameter of plate.
2. the vision measuring method of sheet forming anisotropic properties parameter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described first step, the sample of preparation need satisfy following requirement:
A) the sample edge flawless of preparation, the surface is without scratching;
B) specimen surface is smooth: in the sample marking distance, the difference of the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 at any two places should be greater than 0.01 mm; When thickness during less than 1.0 mm, should be not more than 1% of nominal thickness;
C) the original gauge length insied width of sample both sides are parallel: breadth extreme and minimum widith should be not more than and measure 0.1% of width mean value in the gauge length;
D) sample of at least 3 kinds of different orientations of preparation, and every type sample is no less than 3;
E) speckle particle that is sprayed on specimen surface is answered stochastic distribution;
F) speckle contrast is obvious;
G) speckle prepare scope should be greater than measured deformed region.
3. the vision measuring method of sheet forming anisotropic properties parameter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described second step, comprise the external parameter of camera, inner parameter and the lens distortion parameter of camera, concrete demarcating steps is as follows:
A) start camera from different perspectives and distance gathers target image;
B) image coordinate at reference mark on the calculating target;
C) adopt Method of Direct Liner Transformation to resolve projection matrix;
D) find the solution the camera inside and outside parameter according to the projection matrix of trying to achieve, thereby obtain demarcating the initial value of each parameter;
E) utilize the light beam adjustment Algorithm to camera calibration, obtain accurate camera inside and outside parameter.
4. the vision measuring method of sheet forming anisotropic properties parameter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in described the 3rd step, obtain image request:
A) left and right sides camera image in each deformation state is the image of taking under the synchronization;
B) clear picture that gathers, the speckle regions contrast is obviously;
C) camera relative position in the left and right sides does not change in shooting process;
D) camera optical axis in the left and right sides is spent greater than 30 with the angle that will measure the deformed region plane;
E) institute's employing camera frame frequency is 10 frames/s;
F) testing machine chuck translational speed is no more than 50%
l 0 Mm/s.
5. the vision measuring method of sheet forming anisotropic properties parameter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in described the 4th step, concrete calculation procedure is:
A) choose a deformation state image as base state, the gauge length that selection will be calculated in the left camera image of base state is regional, and the search forms size in the zoning is set;
B) in the selected zoning of the left camera image in base state, choose one or more search forms as the starting point of speckle coupling;
C) use speckle related algorithm and relevant search algorithm to carry out the speckle coupling;
D) the corresponding speckle in the camera image of the left and right sides is carried out three-dimensional reconstruction, obtain the three-dimensional spatial information of deformed region;
E) according to three-dimensional reconstruction result, by the strain at some Calculation of Three Dimensional point place adjacent around each three-dimensional point.
6. the vision measuring method of sheet forming anisotropic properties parameter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in described the 5th step, described average true range of strain is 10%-20%.
7. the vision measuring method of sheet forming anisotropic properties parameter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described orientation comprises with rolling direction becoming 0 °, 45 ° and 90 °.
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| CN103308384A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-09-18 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Device for measuring anisotropism of sheet metal |
| CN103542815A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2014-01-29 | 西安新拓三维光测科技有限公司 | Large size speckle full-field strain measurement method |
| CN104372285A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-02-25 | 西安交通大学 | High-temperature speckle manufacturing method based on plasma spraying |
| CN104697457A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-06-10 | 浙江工业大学 | Two-dimensional image correlation method based particulate matter strain test device and method |
| CN104729916A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-06-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Particle substance strain testing device and method based on three-dimensional digital image correlation method |
| CN108548834A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-18 | 湖南大学 | A kind of strain measurement method based on SEM in situ imaging systems |
| CN109357938A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-19 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of material mesoscopic scale simple tension measuring system and method |
| CN109540659A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-29 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of Bauschinger effect test sample, fixture and method based on DIC |
| CN112730051A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 西安交通大学 | Metal plate strain measurement method and system based on Fourier differential transformation |
| CN112730051B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-04-05 | 西安交通大学 | Metal plate strain measurement method and system based on Fourier differential transformation |
| CN112986010A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-18 | 沈阳精合数控科技开发有限公司 | Material performance testing method, testing equipment and testing system |
| CN113504110A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-15 | 北京理工大学 | Composite material mechanical property parameter measuring method based on standard speckle paster |
| CN113720685A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-30 | 苏州科技大学 | Foil plastic partitioning method based on digital image correlation analysis |
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