CN102944509B - A kind of tailings paste of testing stores up the body assay device by rain erosion - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of tailings paste of testing stores up the body assay device by rain erosion, belongs to earth's surface tailings paste and stores up and Mineral Engineering field. Mainly it is made up of test bracket, water supply installation, control device, flusher, heap cryopreservation device, measurement apparatus, liquid collector. Including water pipe, aqua storage tank, water pump, master control valve, automatic time switch, effusion meter, Pressure gauge, secondary control valve inlet pipeline, shower nozzle, branch controls valve, mastic stores up movable axis bottom groove, cell body, cell body apex angles regulates axle, spacing hole, collecting tank, liquid-collecting barrel, TDR probe, data wire, data storage. Storing up the internal steel plate surface configuration of cell body and have rhombus lines, bottom sides steel plate top arranges apopore. Present configuration is simple, scalable mastic stores up the gradient, scalable fountain height and time, effectively collect mine tailing serosity, automatic data collection, and then realizes tailings paste is stored up the formation of body its disaster under condition of raining and evolution process carries out model investigation.

Description

A test device for testing the erosion of tailings paste stockpiles by rainwater

technical field

The invention relates to a test device for testing the erosion of tailings paste stockpiles by rainwater, which is mainly used for the test and research of the erosion (scouring) characteristics of rainwater on tailings paste stockpiles, and belongs to surface tailings paste stockpiles and mining industries. engineering field.

Background technique

After the ore mined in the mine is processed, the remaining solid waste is called tailings, which is generally discharged in the state of slurry. Tailings are generally stored directly on the surface or used for underground filling. Usually tailings are given priority to underground filling, but underground filling is restricted by various conditions, and many mines cannot use it. Therefore, tailings ponds for stockpiling tailings can only be built on the surface. Up to now, there are more than 12,600 tailings ponds in my country, and there are more than 8 billion tons of tailings in storage, and the annual growth rate is nearly 600 million tons. The accumulation of so many tailings on the surface not only takes up a lot of arable land, but more importantly, it poses a major safety and environmental hazard. Research by the pollution assessment team of Clark University in the United States shows that the hazards of tailings pond accidents rank 18th among 93 hidden dangers of accidents and public hazards in the world. It is second only to nuclear explosions, nerve gas, nuclear radiation and other hazards, and is more serious than 60 other disasters such as aviation crashes and fires. Accidents that directly cause more than 100 deaths occur from time to time. For example, in 2008, 277 people died in the Xiangfen tailings dam collapse in Shanxi Province, and in 1995, 900 people died in the river pollution caused by the dam collapse of a gold mine tailings dam in Guyana.

According to the weight concentration of tailings discharge, surface disposal methods of tailings can be divided into three types: traditional wet discharge (original tailings slurry), paste stockpiling, and dry stockpiling. Traditional wet discharge is to directly discharge the tailings slurry after beneficiation into the tailings pond. Due to the existence of a large amount of water, there are many problems such as dam stability and environmental pollution. 90% of the tailings pond accidents are caused by this discharge method;20 In the early 1980s, some mines concentrated and press-filtered the tailings mortar to the state of filter cake, and used belts or cars to transport it to the tailings pond. However, due to limited applicable conditions and expensive equipment, this technology has not been adopted. At the same time, people began to pay attention to the new technology of paste storage, which is to concentrate the tailings into a "toothpaste"-like slurry and discharge it into the tailings pond. The paste does not segregate, does not stratify, is stable and has good plasticity and fluidity, which reduces the possibility of tailings dam failure, and has far less impact on the safety of surrounding residents and the environment than traditional tailings dams make this technology , so it is welcomed by more and more mines.

However, there are not many large-scale paste tailings storage projects that have been put into operation in the world. According to statistics, 19 of the existing 32 paste tailings ground storage projects are in Australia, accounting for 60 of the total. %. At present, this stockpiling method is mainly concentrated in arid areas, and only the semi-humid areas of Canada adopt this stockpiling form. In our country, it is also mainly used in arid and semi-arid areas in the north, such as the Wushan copper-molybdenum mine in Inner Mongolia. The main reason is that after the tailings paste is piled up, the rainwater will erode it and affect its stability. Therefore, most of it is currently used in arid and semi-arid areas. However, the climate difference between northern and southern my country is relatively large, and the annual rainfall in the south is large, which limits the application of tailings paste storage technology in rainy areas in the south.

Contents of the invention

In order to study and solve a series of engineering and environmental problems caused by rainwater erosion (scouring) of tailings paste stockpiles in rainy areas in the south. The present invention provides a test device with simple structure and convenient operation, which is suitable for indoor use for testing the erosion of tailings paste stockpiles by rainwater.

A test device for testing rainwater erosion of a tailings paste stockpile, comprising a test support, a water supply device, a control device, a spray device, a stockpile device, a measuring device, and a liquid collection device. The spraying device is arranged directly above the test support 19, and the storage device is arranged at the middle and lower part of the test support 19, just below the spraying device. The water supply device and the control device are arranged on the side of the test support 19. The liquid collection device is composed of a liquid collection tank 14 and a liquid collection bucket 15. The liquid collection tank 14 is arranged on the side of the test support 19 and is located below the storage device. collect. The test device is composed of a test sensor 16 and a data memory 11 , the test sensor 16 is set in the tailings paste storage body 17 , and the data memory 11 is set on the side of the test support 19 .

Further, the test support 19 of the present invention is a rectangular frame welded by angle steel. The test support is used in conjunction with the water supply device, the control device, the sprinkler device, the storage device, the liquid collection device, and the measuring device, so that each device can meet and maintain a stable .

Further, the water supply device of the present invention is composed of a water supply pipe 7, a water storage tank 1, and a water pump 2. The water pump 2 is arranged in the water storage tank 1, and the water pump 2 pumps water to the spraying device through the water pipe 7.

Further, the control device of the present invention is composed of a main control valve 3 , an automatic timing switch 5 , a flow meter 4 , a pressure gauge 6 and a secondary control valve 8 . One end of the main control valve 3 is connected to the water supply pipe 7 of the water pump 2 , and the other end is connected to the flow meter 4 through the water supply pipe 7 . The other end of the flow meter 4 is connected with the automatic timing switch 5 through the water supply pipe 7 . One end of the automatic timing switch 5 is connected with the pressure gauge 6 through the water pipe 7 , and the other end is connected with the flow meter 4 through the water supply pipe 7 . One end of the pressure gauge 6 is connected with the secondary control valve 8 through the water pipe 7, and the other end is connected with the automatic timing switch 5 through the water pipe 7. The spraying time can be automatically adjusted, and the pressure and flow in the water supply pipe can be measured through the control device.

Furthermore, the spraying device of the present invention is composed of a water inlet pipeline 9 , a spray head 10 , and a branch control valve 22 . Each water inlet channel 9 is provided with a row of nozzles 10 , and a branch control valve 22 is provided between the branch water inlet pipe 9 and the main water supply pipe 7 . The spraying device is provided with 3~6 rows of nozzles 10, each row is provided with 2~5 nozzles 10, and the interval between the nozzles 10 is 25~60cm. The amount of spraying is jointly controlled by the flow rate of the main water supply pipe, the combination of 10 models of different nozzles, and the number of openings of the water inlet channels 9 to simulate the intensity of rainfall.

Furthermore, the storage device of the present invention is composed of a paste storage tank 18 , a movable shaft 13 at the bottom of the tank body, an angle adjustment shaft 20 at the top of the tank body, and a limiting hole 21 . The movable shaft 13 at the bottom of the tank is connected with the test bracket 19, and the angle adjustment shaft 20 at the top of the tank is connected with different limit holes 21, so that the angle of the paste storage tank 18 can be adjusted between 0° and 30°. The paste storage tank 18 is welded by steel plates. The surface of the steel plate inside the tank body 18 is provided with diamond-shaped lines 25 .

Furthermore, the liquid collection device of the present invention is composed of a liquid collection tank 14 and a liquid collection bucket 15, and the liquid collection tank 14 is made of rolled iron sheets, which is convenient for collecting tailings slurry after rainwater erosion. The liquid collection barrel 15 is arranged below the outlet of the liquid collection tank 14 to facilitate storage of the tailings slurry flowing out of the liquid collection tank 14 .

Further, the measuring device of the present invention is composed of a TDR probe 16 , a data line 12 and a data memory 11 . The TDR probe 16 is set in the paste storage body 17 for data collection. The collected data is transmitted to the data memory 11 via the data line 12 for storage.

Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the tailings paste storage body of the present invention is eroded by rainwater, and the angle of the tank body 18 can be changed by adjusting the angle adjustment shaft 20 of the paste storage tank body; the control device and the spraying device can be used. Adjust the spraying intensity and spraying time; through the liquid collection device, the eroded tailings can be collected to analyze its physical and chemical characteristics; through the measuring device, it can be dynamically tested in tailings paste stockpiles under different rainfall intensities and different rainfall times Changes in moisture content at different depths.

The test device for rainwater erosion of the tailings paste storage body of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, adjustable paste storage slope, adjustable spraying amount and time, effective collection of tailings slurry, and automatic data collection. Furthermore, the model test research on the formation and evolution process of tailings paste stockpiling under rainfall conditions is realized, which provides a basis for determining and optimizing the process parameters of tailings paste surface stockpiling in rainy areas in the south.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural representation of the present invention

Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of sprinkler device of the present invention

Accompanying drawing 3 is test support of the present invention, paste stockpiles, measure, the schematic diagram of comprehensive structure of liquid collection device

Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation of the paste storage tank of the present invention

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments described below.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is made of test support, water supply device, control device, spraying device, storage device, measuring device, liquid collection device. The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be introduced below in conjunction with examples.

A mine was used to flotation full-size tailings, and the tailings paste was made according to the design ratio, and the rainwater erosion test on the tailings paste stock was carried out.

(1) Paste sample storage: adjust the angle adjustment shaft 20 at the top of the paste storage tank, and after adjusting the paste storage tank 18 to a certain angle, stack the paste through the limit hole 21 on the test bracket 19. Storage groove 18 is fixed. Store the tailings paste prepared in advance in the tank 18, and store it for different periods of time according to the test requirements before conducting the test.

(2) Test device installation: after the paste is stored in the storage tank 18 , insert the TDR probe 16 into the paste storage body 17 , and connect the probe to the data memory 11 through the wire 12 .

(3) Rainwater spraying and control: inject water into the water storage tank 1 in advance, start the water pump 2 placed in the water tank 1 during the test, determine the spraying time by setting the automatic timing switch 5, and open the main control valve 3 and the secondary control valve 8 in sequence , water inlet control valve 22. Observe the readings of the flow meter 4 and the pressure gauge 6, and control the amount of spraying by controlling the size of the secondary control valve 8 switch, the number of water inlet channels 9, the number of nozzles 10 opened and the type of nozzles 10, so that the water droplets can be evenly sprayed to the paste storage body 17 surfaces.

(4) Tailing erosion slurry collection and water content test: water is evenly sprayed to the surface of the paste storage body 17 through the nozzle 10, and the surface of the paste body 17 is eroded (scoured). The slope of the storage body 17 flows downward, and on the other hand, the sprayed water continuously infiltrates into the storage body 17 . After being eroded by spray water, the tailings slurry flows out through the drain hole 24 at the bottom of the paste storage tank, and after being collected in the liquid collection tank 14, it is concentratedly stored in the liquid collection bucket 15. When rainwater penetrates into the paste body 17 , the water content changes. The water content of the paste body at different depths is tested by the TDR probe 16 and stored in the data memory 11 through the data line 12 .

Claims (6)

1. test tailings paste and store up body by the assay device of rain erosion for one kind, it is characterised in that this assay device includes: test bracket, water supply installation, control device, flusher, heap cryopreservation device, measurement apparatus, liquid collector; Flusher is arranged at directly over test bracket (19), and heap cryopreservation device is arranged at test bracket (19) middle and lower part, is positioned at immediately below flusher; Water supply installation, control device are arranged at test bracket (19) side; Control device to be made up of master control valve (3), automatic time switch (5), effusion meter (4), Pressure gauge (6), secondary control valve (8); Master control valve (3) one end is connected with water pump (2), feed pipe (7), and the other end is connected with effusion meter (4) by feed pipe (7); Effusion meter (4) other end is connected with automatic time switch (5) by feed pipe (7); Automatic time switch (5) other end is connected with Pressure gauge (6) by feed pipe (7); Pressure gauge (6) other end is connected with secondary control valve (8) by feed pipe (7); Water supply time can be set by controlling device, measure pressure size and flow in feed pipe (7); Measurement apparatus is made up of TDR probe (16), data wire (12), data storage (11); TDR probe (16) is arranged at tailings paste and stores up in body (17), carries out data acquisition; Liquid collector is made up of collecting tank (14) and liquid-collecting barrel (15), collecting tank (14) is arranged at test bracket (19) side, being positioned at below heap cryopreservation device, liquid-collecting barrel (15) is positioned at collecting tank (14) two ends;Data storage is arranged at test bracket (19) side.

2. a kind of tailings paste of testing according to claim 1 stores up the body assay device by rain erosion, it is characterized in that, the rectangular frame that described test bracket (19) is welded for angle steel, test bracket and water supply installation, control device, flusher, heap cryopreservation device, liquid collector, measurement apparatus with the use of.

3. a kind of tailings paste of testing according to claim 1 stores up the body assay device by rain erosion, it is characterized in that, water supply installation is made up of feed pipe (7), aqua storage tank (1), water pump (2), water pump (2) is arranged in aqua storage tank (1), and water is pumped to flusher by feed pipe (7) by water pump (2).

4. a kind of tailings paste of testing according to claim 1 stores up the body assay device by rain erosion, it is characterised in that flusher is controlled valve (22) constituted by branch water inlet pipe (9), shower nozzle (10), branch; Each branch water inlet pipe (9) arranges row's shower nozzle (10), being provided with branch between branch water inlet pipe (9) and feed pipe (7) and control valve (22), branch water inlet pipe (9) is fixed on test bracket (19) by pipe clamp (23); Flusher is provided with 3-6 and arranges shower nozzle (10), and often row is provided with 2-5 shower nozzle (10), and shower nozzle is spaced apart 25-60cm between (10); Fountain height is opened quantity jointly controlled by feed pipe (7) flow, different shower nozzle (10) model combination, branch water inlet pipe (9), simulated rainfall intensity.

5. a kind of tailings paste of testing according to claim 1 stores up the body assay device by rain erosion, it is characterized in that, heap cryopreservation device is stored up groove (18) by mastic, movable axis (13) bottom cell body, cell body apex angles regulates axle (20), spacing hole (21) is constituted, bottom cell body, movable axis (13) is connected with test bracket (19), cell body apex angles regulates axle (20) and is connected with spacing hole (21), by regulating the spacing hole (21) of diverse location, make mastic store up groove (18) angle to be adjusted between 0-30 ��, mastic is stored up groove (18) and is formed by Plate Welding, and the internal steel plate surface configuration of cell body has rhombus lines (25), and cell body bottom sides steel plate top arranges spilled water hole (24).

6. a kind of tailings paste of testing according to claim 1 stores up the body assay device by rain erosion, it is characterized in that, liquid collector is made up of collecting tank (14) and liquid-collecting barrel (15), collecting tank (14) is rolled by iron sheet and forms, it is simple to collect the Tailings Slurry after rain erosion; Liquid-collecting barrel (15) is arranged at collecting tank (14) outlet lower section, it is simple to the Tailings Slurry that storage is flowed out through collecting tank (14).