CN102940246B - Prawn biological protein calcium preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a prawn biological protein calcium preparation method, which comprises: selecting head and shell of prawn as raw materials, carrying out washing, drying and crushing, adding water to mix, adopting a NaOH solution to adjust the pH value, adjusting a temperature, adding papain to carry out enzymolysis to obtain an enzymolysis solution, carrying out enzyme inactivation on the enzymolysis solution, carrying out centrifugation to obtain a supernatant, removing impurities from the supernatant through a tubular membrane, adopting an ultra-filtration membrane with a molecular weight cutoff of 5000 Da to carry out an ultra-filtration treatment to obtain a trapping solution, and carrying out vacuum concentration and spray drying on the trapping solution to obtain the prawn biological protein calcium. The prawn biological protein calcium has characteristics of high absorption rate and good solubility, and is a novel calcium agent with good water solubility and high biological value. The preparation method has characteristics of reasonable preparation process, simple preparation, strong operability, and easy industrial production achievement.

Description

A kind of preparation method of prawn biological protein calcium

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture of aquatic food goods, especially a kind of preparation method of prawn biological protein calcium.

Background technology

We know, calcium is the indispensable macroelement of human body.Adult's calcium deficiency must cause osteoporosis, and infant's calcium deficiency will cause arresting building disease and depauperation.For a long time, the major measure of human body calcium deficiency is replenished the calcium exactly.Effect of supplemented calcium depends primarily on the degree of absorption of human body to calcium, and its absorbability is closely related with the characteristic of calcium agent.The existing calcium agent of China mainly contains: calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium lactate, calcium gluconae, calcium acetate and calcium activated.All there is to some extent the shortcomings such as poorly water-soluble, absorptivity be low in these calcium agent.People are finding the Creta Preparata of characteristic good.

Prawn shrimp head and shrimp shell are a kind of resources of high-quality.Chemical composition through the prawn heads such as Zhang Xianggang and shrimp shell has been carried out comparative study, and analysis result is as follows:

The general chemical composition analysis (in weight in wet base %) of a table 1 shrimp shrimp shell

Project	Shrimp head	Shrimp shell
			Moisture	78.44	75.15
Ash content	3.62	5.30
			Protein	6.38	5.22
Total reducing sugar (reduced sugar)	0.27	0.16
			Fat	2.42	1.09
Chitin	3.33	6.67
			Total acidity	2.30	2.29

A table 2 shrimp shrimp shell Mineral Elements in Jadeite Shellfish content (with dry weight basis %)

Element	Shrimp head	Shrimp shell	Element	Shrimp head	Shrimp shell
						Potassium	0.56	0.16	Manganese	0.0019	0.0060
Sodium	0.56	0.44	Zinc	0.0065	0.0022
						Calcium	6.82	19.6	Nickel	0.00023	Do not detect
Magnesium	0.36	1.05	Plumbous	Do not detect	0.0011
						Copper	0.0056	0.0013	Selenium	0.000027	0.000097
Iron	0.040	0.030	Cobalt	0.000060	0.000093

Analysis data by upper table can find out, the head of prawn, shell be except containing enriching calcium, and also the element such as phosphorous, iron, zinc and protein, fat, carbohydrate, be a kind of more full material of nutritional labeling that contains.Wherein, in shrimp head and shrimp shell, the content of calcium is respectively 6.82% and 19.6%.

But for a long time, China does not effectively utilize this part resource, except being used on a small quantity to produce fertilizer or feed, prepare chitin, major part is used as rubbish and throws away, and so not only causes the serious waste of resource, and contaminated environment.Therefore, how scientifically to develop prawn head, shrimp shell resource, improve its economic worth, become current problem demanding prompt solution.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of prawn biological protein calcium.This preparation method's technique rationally, prepare easy, strong operability, easily realize suitability for industrialized production.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of preparation method of prawn biological protein calcium, is characterized in that: through following process steps

Prawn head is chosen in choose and the pretreatment of a, raw material and shrimp shell is raw material, after impurity elimination, with clear water, repeatedly rinse to without muddy liquid, and drain well, standby;

The preparation of b, shrimp head capsule powder, by the shrimp head after the drain well of step (a) gained and shrimp shell, is placed in baking oven and dries, then adopts pulverizer to pulverize, and crosses 80～100 mesh sieves, obtains a shrimp shrimp shell meal;

C, enzymolysis and the enzyme that goes out take the pure water that shrimp head capsule powder that step (b) makes adds 2～3 times of its quality, mix rear employing NaOH solution and adjust pH value to 8.0～9.0, adjust temperature to 50～60 ℃, the papain that adds shrimp head capsule opaque amount 2-3%, hydrolysis 2～3h, obtains enzymolysis liquid; Resulting enzymolysis liquid is boiled to 10～15 min in boiling water bath, and the enzyme that goes out is processed, cooling, standby;

D, centrifugal, ultrafiltration adopt centrifuge by the resulting enzyme that goes out of step (c), cooled enzymolysis liquid, control rotating speed 3000～5000r/min, and centrifugal 10～15 min, obtain supernatant; The supernatant of gained is adopted to tubular membrane removal of impurities, control into film pressure 0.3MPa, go out film pressure 0.1MPa, 30～40 ℃ of temperature; Then adopting trapped molecular weight is that the milipore filter of the 5000 Da supernatant after to removal of impurities carries out hyperfiltration treatment, controls into film pressure 0.5MPa, goes out film pressure 0.5MPa, and 30～40 ℃ of temperature, collect trapped fluid;

E, Vacuum Concentration are placed in rotary evaporator by the trapped fluid of step (d) gained and are concentrated into solid content 10～15%, operating condition: vacuum 0.06～0.08 MPa, 60～70 ℃ of temperature;

F, spraying dry by the concentrate of step (e) gained at atomisation pressure 0.40 MPa, striker pressure 0.2 MPa, 180～190 ℃ of inlet temperatures, carry out pressure spray dryer under the condition that outlet temperature is 80～90 ℃, obtain prawn biological protein calcium.

It is raw material that prawn head and shrimp shell are take in the present invention, through cleaning, dry, pulverize, add after water mixing, with NaOH solution, adjusts pH value, temperature adjustment, adds papain to carry out enzymolysis, obtains enzymolysis liquid; Enzymolysis liquid goes out centrifugal after enzyme, obtains supernatant; By after the removal of impurities of supernatant tubular membrane, employing trapped molecular weight is that the milipore filter of 5000 Da carries out hyperfiltration treatment, obtains trapped fluid; Trapped fluid is dry through Vacuum Concentration, spraying, obtains prawn bioprotein calcium product.The present invention carries out hyperfiltration treatment to enzymolysis liquid, when removing small molecule salt and peptide, target product is concentrated, and has both simplified technique, has saved again the energy.The prawn biological protein calcium that adopts the inventive method to prepare our experiments show that: its absorptivity is high, can reach 79%; Dissolubility is good, is 1500 times of calcium carbonate, and specific activity calcium is high 22 times.Therefore, prawn biological protein calcium is considered to the ideal very high calcium source of absorptivity.Be that a kind of good water solubility, biological value are high simultaneously, have the new calcium agent of DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT.Preparation method's technique of the present invention rationally, prepare easy, strong operability, easily realize suitability for industrialized production.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.

Embodiment 1

A preparation method for prawn biological protein calcium, is characterized in that: through following process steps

Prawn head is chosen in choose and the pretreatment of a, raw material and shrimp shell is raw material, after impurity elimination, with clear water, repeatedly rinse to without muddy liquid, and drain well, standby;

The preparation of b, shrimp head capsule powder, by the shrimp head after the drain well of step (a) gained and shrimp shell, is placed in baking oven and dries, then adopts pulverizer to pulverize, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains a shrimp shrimp shell meal;

C, enzymolysis and the enzyme that goes out take the shrimp head capsule powder 10kg that step (b) makes, and add the pure water of 3 times of its quality, mix rear employing NaOH solution and adjust pH value to 8.0, adjust temperature to 50 ℃, the papain that adds shrimp head capsule opaque amount 3%, hydrolysis 2.5h, obtains enzymolysis liquid; Resulting enzymolysis liquid is boiled to 10min in boiling water bath, and the enzyme that goes out is processed, cooling, standby;

D, centrifugal, ultrafiltration adopt centrifuge by the resulting enzyme that goes out of step (c), cooled enzymolysis liquid, control rotating speed 4000r/min, and centrifugal 12min, obtains supernatant 29L; The supernatant of gained is adopted to tubular membrane removal of impurities, control into film pressure 0.3MPa, go out film pressure 0.1MPa, 30 ℃ of temperature, average discharge is 0.5L/min, the processing time is about 58min; Then adopting trapped molecular weight is that the milipore filter of the 5000 Da supernatant after to removal of impurities carries out hyperfiltration treatment, controls into film pressure 0.5MPa, goes out film pressure 0.5MPa, 30 ℃ of temperature, and average discharge is 2 L/min, the processing time is about 14min, collects trapped fluid;

E, Vacuum Concentration are placed in rotary evaporator by the trapped fluid of step (d) gained and are concentrated into solid content 10%, operating condition: vacuum 0.08 MPa, 65 ℃ of temperature;

F, spraying dry by step (e) gained hold back concentrate at atomisation pressure 0.40 MPa, striker pressure 0.2 MPa, 180 ℃ of inlet temperatures, carry out pressure spray dryer under the condition that outlet temperature is 80 ℃, obtain prawn biological protein calcium.

Embodiment 2

A preparation method for prawn biological protein calcium, is characterized in that: through following process steps

Prawn head is chosen in choose and the pretreatment of a, raw material and shrimp shell is raw material, after impurity elimination, with clear water, repeatedly rinse to without muddy liquid, and drain well, standby;

The preparation of b, shrimp head capsule powder, by the shrimp head after the drain well of step (a) gained and shrimp shell, is placed in baking oven and dries, then adopts pulverizer to pulverize, and crosses 80 mesh sieves, obtains a shrimp shrimp shell meal;

C, enzymolysis and the enzyme that goes out take the shrimp head capsule powder 20kg that step (b) makes, and add the pure water of 2 times of its quality, mix rear employing NaOH solution and adjust pH value to 9.0, adjust temperature to 60 ℃, the papain that adds shrimp head capsule opaque amount 2.5%, hydrolysis 2h, obtains enzymolysis liquid; Resulting enzymolysis liquid is boiled to 15min in boiling water bath, and the enzyme that goes out is processed, cooling, standby;

D, centrifugal, ultrafiltration adopt centrifuge by the resulting enzyme that goes out of step (c), cooled enzymolysis liquid, control rotating speed 5000r/min, and centrifugal 10min, obtains supernatant 38L; The supernatant of gained is adopted to tubular membrane removal of impurities, control into film pressure 0.3MPa, go out film pressure 0.1MPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, average discharge is 0.5L/min, the processing time is about 76min; Then adopting trapped molecular weight is that the milipore filter of the 5000 Da supernatant after to removal of impurities carries out hyperfiltration treatment, controls into film pressure 0.5MPa, goes out film pressure 0.5MPa, 35 ℃ of temperature, and average discharge is 2 L/min, the processing time is about 38min, collects trapped fluid;

E, Vacuum Concentration are placed in rotary evaporator by the trapped fluid of step (d) gained and are concentrated into solid content 12%, operating condition: vacuum 0.07 MPa, temperature 70 C;

F, spraying dry by step (e) gained hold back concentrate at atomisation pressure 0.40 MPa, striker pressure 0.2 MPa, 190 ℃ of inlet temperatures, carry out pressure spray dryer under the condition that outlet temperature is 90 ℃, obtain prawn biological protein calcium.

Embodiment 3

A preparation method for prawn biological protein calcium, is characterized in that: through following process steps

Prawn head is chosen in choose and the pretreatment of a, raw material and shrimp shell is raw material, after impurity elimination, with clear water, repeatedly rinse to without muddy liquid, and drain well, standby;

The preparation of b, shrimp head capsule powder, by the shrimp head after the drain well of step (a) gained and shrimp shell, is placed in baking oven and dries, then adopts pulverizer to pulverize, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtains a shrimp shrimp shell meal;

C, enzymolysis and the enzyme that goes out take the shrimp head capsule powder 30kg that step (b) makes, and add the pure water of 2.5 times of its quality, mix rear employing NaOH solution and adjust pH value to 8.5, adjust temperature to 55 ℃, the papain that adds shrimp head capsule opaque amount 2%, hydrolysis 3h, obtains enzymolysis liquid; Resulting enzymolysis liquid is boiled to 12min in boiling water bath, and the enzyme that goes out is processed, cooling, standby;

D, centrifugal, ultrafiltration adopt centrifuge by the resulting enzyme that goes out of step (c), cooled enzymolysis liquid, control rotating speed 3000r/min, and centrifugal 15min, obtains supernatant 58L; The supernatant of gained is adopted to tubular membrane removal of impurities, control into film pressure 0.3MPa, go out film pressure 0.1MPa, 40 ℃ of temperature, average discharge is 0.5L/min, the processing time is about 116min; Then adopting trapped molecular weight is that the milipore filter of the 5000 Da supernatant after to removal of impurities carries out hyperfiltration treatment, controls into film pressure 0.5MPa, goes out film pressure 0.5MPa, 40 ℃ of temperature, and average discharge is 2 L/min, the processing time is about 49min, collects trapped fluid;

E, Vacuum Concentration are placed in rotary evaporator by the trapped fluid of step (d) gained and are concentrated into solid content 15%, operating condition: vacuum 0.06 MPa, temperature 60 C;

F, spraying dry by step (e) gained hold back concentrate at atomisation pressure 0.40 MPa, striker pressure 0.2 MPa, 185 ℃ of inlet temperatures, carry out pressure spray dryer under the condition that outlet temperature is 85 ℃, obtain prawn biological protein calcium.

Claims (1)

1. a preparation method for prawn biological protein calcium, is characterized in that: through following process steps

Prawn head is chosen in choose and the pretreatment of a, raw material and shrimp shell is raw material, after impurity elimination, with clear water, repeatedly rinse to without muddy liquid, and drain well, standby;

The preparation of b, shrimp head capsule powder, by the shrimp head after the drain well of step (a) gained and shrimp shell, is placed in baking oven and dries, then adopts pulverizer to pulverize, and crosses 80～100 mesh sieves, obtains a shrimp shrimp shell meal;

C, enzymolysis and the enzyme that goes out take the pure water that shrimp head capsule powder that step (b) makes adds 2～3 times of its quality, mix rear employing NaOH solution and adjust pH value to 8.0～9.0, adjust temperature to 50～60 ℃, the papain that adds shrimp head capsule opaque amount 2-3%, hydrolysis 2～3h, obtains enzymolysis liquid; Resulting enzymolysis liquid is boiled to 10～15 min in boiling water bath, and the enzyme that goes out is processed, cooling, standby;

D, centrifugal, ultrafiltration adopt centrifuge by the resulting enzyme that goes out of step (c), cooled enzymolysis liquid, control rotating speed 3000～5000r/min, and centrifugal 10～15 min, obtain supernatant; The supernatant of gained is adopted to tubular membrane removal of impurities, control into film pressure 0.3MPa, go out film pressure 0.1MPa, 30～40 ℃ of temperature; Then adopting trapped molecular weight is that the milipore filter of the 5000 Da supernatant after to removal of impurities carries out hyperfiltration treatment, controls into film pressure 0.5MPa, goes out film pressure 0.5MPa, and 30～40 ℃ of temperature, collect trapped fluid;

E, Vacuum Concentration are placed in rotary evaporator by the trapped fluid of step (d) gained and are concentrated into solid content 10～15%, operating condition: vacuum 0.06～0.08 MPa, 60～70 ℃ of temperature;

F, spraying dry by the concentrate of step (e) gained at atomisation pressure 0.40 MPa, striker pressure 0.2 MPa, 180～190 ℃ of inlet temperatures, carry out pressure spray dryer under the condition that outlet temperature is 80～90 ℃, obtain prawn biological protein calcium.