CN102937942B - Based on the flight simulator universal interface system of usb bus - Google Patents
Based on the flight simulator universal interface system of usb bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN102937942B CN102937942B CN201210485557.XA CN201210485557A CN102937942B CN 102937942 B CN102937942 B CN 102937942B CN 201210485557 A CN201210485557 A CN 201210485557A CN 102937942 B CN102937942 B CN 102937942B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the flight simulator universal interface system based on usb bus, flight simulator general-purpose interface based on usb bus utilizes the usb bus of computing machine as the medium of communication of computing machine and interface system, interface system hardware is made up of interface motherboard and each class interface daughter board, every block interface motherboard can drive at most 8 pieces of interface daughter boards realization expansions to port number, and computing machine can drive polylith interface motherboard simultaneously, up to 127 pieces, and PnP technology can be supported in theory.The cooperating of interface motherboard and interface daughter board completes the exchanges data of computing machine and flight simulation cockpit equipment, the kind of interface daughter board comprises On-off signal daughter board, output switch parameter daughter board, analog output daughter board, and the input service of analog quantity is completed by interface motherboard.Interface system is modeled to the human interface device (HID) of computing machine by the firmware of interface motherboard.Communicating of Fireware software simulating and analog machine is devised in USB interface motherboard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the general-purpose interface based on usb bus, particularly a kind of general-purpose interface based on usb bus that can be applied to flight simulator.
Background technology
The interface system of flight simulator is the unique path connecting main frame and cockpit, all instrument in aircraft cockpit and annunciator, pilot lamp are all pressed computer instruction by it and are driven, switch (discrete data) in flight deck, position transducer (simulated data) is all received by it and sends to main frame.Therefore interface system has the status according to sufficient weight in flight simulation, is the bridge between flight simulator driving cabin and main frame.Traditional flight simulator interface circuit is by computing machine parallel bus Direct driver, and circuit is complicated, driving development difficulty is large, expensive, poor anti jamming capability, transmission range are nearer.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, the present invention devises the flight simulator universal interface system based on usb bus, USB device, according to the difference of its inside single-chip microcomputer firmware (Firmware), can be different equipment by computer recognizing.As human interface device (HID Human Interface Device) mouse, keyboard, game paddle, data glove etc. can be configured to; External memory equipment (MSD Mass Storage Device) USB flash disk, portable hard drive, external drive etc. can be configured to; Communication apparatus (CDC CommunicationDevice) virtual serial port, USB network card, modulator-demodular unit etc. can be configured to; Also can be configured to the ICD2 debugger of the PIC single chip microcomputer of user's specialized equipment (Custom Class/Vendor Class) such as USB interface.
General flight simulation machine interface system based on usb bus utilizes the usb bus of computing machine as the medium of communication of computing machine and interface system, interface system hardware is made up of interface motherboard and each class interface daughter board, every block interface motherboard can drive at most 8 pieces of interface daughter boards realization expansions to port number, and computing machine can drive polylith interface motherboard simultaneously, up to 127 pieces, and PnP technology can be supported in theory.Interface motherboard is responsible for and computer communication, accepts the data that computing machine sends, and sends to the output interface daughter board of respective type by data type.Interface motherboard accepts the input data of interface daughter board simultaneously, and sends to computing machine by usb bus after coding.Connected by the synchronous serial type bus of SPI of clock frequency up to 10MHZ between interface motherboard with interface daughter board.The cooperating of interface motherboard and interface daughter board completes the exchanges data of computing machine and flight simulation cockpit equipment, the kind of interface daughter board comprises On-off signal daughter board, output switch parameter daughter board, analog output daughter board, and the input service of analog quantity is completed by interface motherboard.
Software systems are included in the interface communication program that flight simulation computing machine runs and the code run in interface motherboard.The interface routine run on computers adopts the Visual Studio C++ of Microsoft company to develop, and interface motherboard firmware adopts the C18 exploitation of Microchip company.Interface system is modeled to the human interface device (HID) of computing machine by the firmware of interface motherboard, such HID device driver built-in in Windows XP operating system, thus avoid the driving of exploitation USB device, and the development of such driver is often extremely complicated, loaded down with trivial details.
To achieve these goals, principle of the present invention is as follows:
The hardware design of 1.USB interface motherboard
Realization approach, the design concept of hardware mainly comprise following components: the hardware design of interface motherboard; The hardware design of output switch parameter daughter board; The hardware design of On-off signal daughter board; The hardware design of analog output daughter board.
The motherboard of usb interface system adopts the single-chip microcomputer of the primary USB interface of PIC18F4550 to be core component, realizes computing machine and on it, SIE engine is by usb bus communication, and control interface daughter board carries out there is operation.
This plate can select external power supply or powered through USB interface of computer with wire jumper; The high speed acquisition of 12 tunnel analog input amounts can be completed; Own power source working condition can be detected and send warning; Red green LED light can indicate working condition; Reset button can to system reset; The firmware that program button can be write user in single-chip microcomputer performs online upgrading; The JP1 socket of 20 pins is used for collection and the ICD2 debugging use of analog quantity; The JP2 of 14 pins provides SPI and I2C bus and device to select bus for connecting interface daughter board.
Output switch parameter daughter board is operated in outputs low working method, generally should pass through the external 5V Power supply of JP3, also changes USB into by wire jumper power when motherboard drives daughter board less; There is short circuit self-recovering function and Anti-surging signal impact capacity; JP1 is that plate address arranges wire jumper; JP2 is for connecting interface at the bottom of motherboard, and J1 is DB37 type socket, and provide 32 tunnels to export and control, the power supply of the equipment such as drive singal pilot lamp is provided by outside.
On-off signal daughter board adopts to be opened into height, and positive logic detects.Generally should pass through the external 5V Power supply of JP3, also change USB into by wire jumper when motherboard drives daughter board less and power; There is provided by On-off signal daughter board at external switching signal power supply; On-off signal daughter board leads to JP2 and is connected with motherboard; JP1 can arrange daughter board address.
Analog output daughter board receives control that motherboard spi bus sends, data-signal by JP2.Need externally to have ± 15V and+5V power supply could work.R102 and R112 high precision adjustable resistance is responsible for adjustment 0 point voltage and ceiling voltage respectively.It can drive simple pointer to emulate instrument and the complicated flight simulator instrument such as level, HSI electrically.
The development process of 18F4550 firmware.Firmware code adopts the exploitation of MPLAP IDE V7.52 the integration environment, adopts C language exploitation, uses the compiling of C18 compiler.During exploitation, the code of C voice calls C18 compiler by MPLAP, and compiling generates the 18F4550 machine code file of HEX suffix name.Run PDFSUSB.EXE file and the circuit board firmware worked in etc. under state to be updated is carried out online updating, just can reset circuit plate again, operation firmware tests.This firmware code is integrated in MCHPUSB.MCP engineering.
The Fireware Software for Design of 2.USB interface motherboard
The 18F4550 single-chip microcomputer that USB interface motherboard uses needs built-in firmware (software) just with normal work.Human interface device (Human InterfaceDevice HID) is have employed in the design of interface motherboard.After a USB device is connected to the USB port of PC, PC needs to find suitable driving to this equipment, and distributes corresponding address, initiating hardware for it.This process is divided into four steps: power-up state, default setting, address assignment state and configuration status.This process is that PC finds that there is new USB peripheral hardware connection through certain step, and PC obtains the information such as production producer, product information, configuration information, manufacturer ID in order, carries out corresponding operating, completes initiating hardware work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is USB simulator interface system chart.
Fig. 2 is USB interface motherboard workflow.
Embodiment:
In order to make design feature of the present invention, technological means be easy to understand understand, set forth the present invention further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment:
USB simulator interface system chart as shown in Figure 1.Interface motherboard core based on usb bus adopts the 18F4550 single-chip microcomputer of Microchip company, and this chip is that 40 pin DIP encapsulate or the encapsulation of 46 hem facing sheets.23 pin of chip and 24 pin are connected D-and the D+ data communication line of PC USB port by 22 Ω resistance.18 pin VUSB connect electric capacity provides stable 3.3V voltage for USB communication.Chip adopts 20MHZ quartz crystal to provide clock signal, and this signal finally generates 48MHZ clock signal for 18F4550 through the inner PLL of 18F4550.1 pin is Reset pin, connects power supply by 4.7K pull-up resistor, when pressing the pushbutton switch connecting it, and chip reset.38 pin RB5 connect programming write button, press reset button again, then unclamp reset button after pressing this button of pressure, and now do not discharge programming write button, monolithic function boot enters programming write state automatically.Motherboard will be identified as 18Fxxx equipment by PC.AN0 ~ AN11 can provide the 10bit high speed analog-to-digital conversion of every path 10 μ S for analog input pin.Wherein AN1 connection 4.7K resistance connects power supply, for detection system voltage, also by this function of program mask.5 pin are AN3/VREF+ multifunctional multiplexing pin, be set to external reference voltage input, provide higher conversion accuracy by programming.19 are connected red green two color LED respectively with 20 pin is used to indicate chip operation state.34 pin provide SPI universal serial bus clock for SCL.33 pin are the input and output of SDA for spi bus data.RD0 ~ RD7 is set to output port in a program, for selecting different daughter boards.When using maximum 8 pieces of daughter boards, need masked state display LED in a program.25 pin are the transmission TX pin of chip RS232 serial ports, and 26 pin are the interface RX pin of chip RS232 serial ports.This port can be used for debugging and with PC serial communication.MX232 need be met carry out the conversion of Transistor-Transistor Logic level to RS232 communication level as connected PC.The Gather and input that JP1 is used for simulating signal is connected the online single-chip microcomputer debugger of ICD2 with single-chip microcomputer.JP2 is used for connected system daughter board.
It is SPI data receiver core that output switch parameter daughter board adopts serioparallel exchange to latch chip.U1 ~ U4 is totally 4 this chip series windings, can receive 4 byte datas that motherboard is sent, provide 32 tunnel output channels.U9 ~ U12 totally 4 ULN2803A chips, for amplifying the signal of U1 ~ U4, provides the driving force of maximum 500mA/48V load, and this chip has anti-pulse shock ability.To contact between ULN2803A to accessory power outlet J1 500mA self-recoverage device.For overcurrent protection, avoid because load short circuits or electric current is excessive burns UNL2803A chip or prime chip.JP1 jumper wire plug can arrange daughter board work address with wire jumper, and address is from 1 ~ 8, and namely maximum 8 pieces of daughter boards work simultaneously.JP2 to select the exchange of signal for SPI signal and daughter board for connecting motherboard.
The acp chip of On-off signal daughter board is parallel-serial conversion chip, and this plate has U1 ~ U4 tetra-chip block operated in series connection, provides 32 way switch amount signal inputs.The parallel input pin of each chip is pulled to power supply power supply by the resistor chain of 4.7K.The switch etc. connecting it can normally work without the need to reoffering signal voltage.JP1 jumper wire plug can arrange daughter board work address with wire jumper, and address is from 1 ~ 8, and namely maximum 8 pieces of daughter boards work simultaneously.JP2 to select the exchange of signal for SPI signal and daughter board for connecting motherboard.
The acp chip of interface module conversion daughter board is SPI serial synchronous bus driver modulus conversion chip IC1, IC2 that TI company produces, IC1, IC2 respectively provide the dac channel of 8 road 12bit (4096 resolution) precision, be less than switching time 10 delicate, add up to and 16 road analog outputs are provided.Be positive voltage because IC1, IC2 are the simulating signals exported, can not negative voltage be provided, and analog machine use instrument applied signal voltage mostly to be ± 10V voltage, need to arrange virtual 0 point voltage and negative reference voltage for rear class amplifier.So adopt reference power supply and amplifier synthesized reference 0 point voltage and negative voltage.Adopt the reference power supply chip of 2.048V in daughter board, this chip can meet the reference voltage precision requirement of 12bit analog-digital chip.This output voltage is transformed to 4.096V reference power supply through U2A, U2D discharge circuit, is transformed to 4.096V reference power supply is transformed to-2.048V reference voltage through U2B, U2C discharge circuit.Amplifier U1, U3, U4, U5 are for amplifying the output analog signals of IC1 and IC2, and the inverting input of amplifier connects-2.048V reference signal, complete the synthesis of virtual earth signal ground.
Be illustrated in figure 2 USB interface motherboard workflow, wherein whole engineering comprises multiple C language file.Hid.c file is used for report function and the decoding function of HID interface; Main.c file is master program file, performs control in turn for initialization USB interface, task; Usb9.c file is used for the decoding process of standard usb signal; Usbctrltrf.c file is used for decoding, the decoding process that USB controls data query bag; Usbdrv.c file controls for the switching of each state of USB; Usbdsc.c is used for the definition of usb signal; Usbmmap.c document definition each data receiver of 18F4550, send hardware end points; Usb_generic_hid.c file is user data transmission, reception, processing module.System initialization code adopts macro definition mode, and this define method often adopts in single-chip microcomputer.Definition UCFG working mark equals UCFG_VAL and namely sets USB and work in Full-Speed mode.Simultaneously to current USB duty global variable assignment.
After having developed based on the flight simulator universal interface system of usb bus, successively carry out driving test to level standby, velometer, signal designation board etc. that the summer prolongs full operation flight analog machine, test effect meets expection imagination.Succeeding in developing of this invention is the interface system design first usb bus being applied to flight simulator, training aids in domestic civil aviaton industry, has filled up the blank that domestic simulator interface circuit adopts USB high-speed universal serial bus.This invention achievement in research can be used as novel flight simulator, the interface system of flight simulator uses, and also can be old analog machine upgrading and provides corresponding technical support.System principal feature is as follows:
(1) system adopts USB2.0 full speed running mode, and theoretical velocity is up to 12Mb/S.
(2) 127 pieces of interface motherboards can be mounted at most in theory.
(3) support USB plug and play technique, matching program can realize analog machine not shutdown maintenance, recovery.
(4) polylith motherboard energy non-interfering work simultaneously, motherboard can mount the demand that polylith daughter board can meet the different simulator flight of large, medium and small type, flight simulator.
(5) interface is identified as human interface device (HID) in a computer, unordered install driver.
(6) total system is cheap.
(7) complete PC end software development kit.
(8) instrument that Various Complex flight simulator can be driven to use.
(9) system provides self and external status detection function, coordinates probe can monitor the analog machine operational factors such as power supply power supply, working temperature.
(10) transmission line is amplified by USB HUB signal, can the full speed running when operating distance reaches 25M.As adopted CAT5 extension device, transmission range can reach more than 100M.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and instructions just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. based on the flight simulator universal interface system of usb bus, the multiple interface daughter boards comprising multiple interface motherboard and be connected with described interface mother matrix, described interface motherboard supports PnP technology, its block number can reach 127 pieces, interface motherboard described in every block can drive at most 8 pieces of interface daughter boards, it is characterized in that: utilize the usb bus of computing machine as the medium of communication of computing machine and the described flight simulator universal interface system based on usb bus, described interface motherboard has coordinated the exchanges data of computing machine and flight simulation cockpit with described interface daughter board, described interface daughter board comprises On-off signal daughter board, output switch parameter daughter board, analog output daughter board, the input service of analog quantity is completed by interface motherboard, the described flight simulator universal interface system based on usb bus is modeled to the human interface device of computing machine by the firmware of described interface motherboard, the synchronous serial type bus of SPI by clock frequency 10MHZ between described interface motherboard with described interface daughter board connects, described interface motherboard to realize on computing machine and interface motherboard SIE engine by usb bus communication, and control interface daughter board carries out associative operation, achieve usb bus and carry out flight simulator and intercomputer data are transmitted and cockpit controls.
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| CN104062934B (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2017-09-26 | 珠海翔翼航空技术有限公司 | The general veneer controller of analog machine and control method transmitted based on usb bus |
| CN106611524A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 冯介川 | A reality control simulation system |
| CN106371454B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-06-15 | 杨百川 | One kind, which is examined, beats integrated UAV Flight Control System Multi-serial port router |
| CN112463676B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-09-02 | 青岛蓝天航空科技有限公司 | Universal interface card of flight simulator cabin simulation equipment |
| CN116886532B (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-11-10 | 空间液态金属科技发展(江苏)有限公司 | Adaptive configuration method for network configuration information of aerospace Ethernet switch |
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