CN102937785A - Greenhouse multi-model information fusion based methods and system for regulating and controlling greenhouse environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a greenhouse multi-model information fusion based technology for regulating and controlling the greenhouse environment. According to environmental information such as the temperature, the humidity, the illumination intensity and the carbon dioxide concentration inside a greenhouse, which is obtained by a greenhouse environment information collecting sensor, three kinds of greenhouse environment control models which are based on a set value, the illumination and the accumulated temperature are used respectively for extracting feature vectors, multi-information fusion of feature vectors of three kinds of regulating and controlling methods is conducted by using a Dempster/Shafer (D-S) evidence theory method, an environment optimization controlling and regulating decision strategy is established, and coordination of short-scale and long-scale control requirements of the greenhouse is achieved. An actuating mechanism is controlled by a greenhouse environment controller to act to achieve real-time control of greenhouse environmental parameters.

Description

The environmental control of greenhouse method and system of a kind of greenhouse multi-model information fusion

Technical field

The invention belongs to industrialized agriculture Status quo of Greenhouse Environment Control Technology field, be specifically related to the environmental control of greenhouse method and system of a kind of greenhouse multi-model information fusion.

Background technology

Along with the development to crop growth simulation model and computer technology, from the mid-1970s, the countries such as Holland, Japan, the U.S., Italy bring into use microcomputer to carry out the monitoring of chamber crop growing environment.To the nineties, the technology that greenhouse is controlled has developed into higher level.In greenhouse control, mainly be according to the plant growth optimum or by environment minimum optimization of controlling cost at present to the setting of parameter.

The simplest direct method of greenhouse control be the environment parameter controls such as temperature, humidity, illumination with critical value as the upper and lower bound of setting, the requirement of control is exactly to guarantee that the environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, illumination are in the scope of setting.The advantage of this control model is that the cost of environment control is low, but the production potential of crop are not in full use.Determine to control aspect the parameter at foundation thing growth optimum, usually all be that single-factor is optimized, as passing through based on Photosynthesis Model, carry out the temperature Appropriate optimizing under the different illumination conditions, this control model can make plant be in the suitable scope always, the speed of growth is very fast, but it is relatively high to control cost.For solving the energy resource consumption in greenhouse control, the control mode of accumulated temperature controlling party model has been proposed again, namely consider the process of plant growth in environmental control of greenhouse, as the control index, target was so that the accumulation of intraday temperature reaches the requirement of setting with one day temperature accumulation.This method has satisfied the requirement of process of crop growth midium or long term, has also reached energy-conservation target simultaneously.

But find that in the greenhouse control procedure take the minimum critical value control as target of cost, the yield level of crop is restricted.During the long-term overcast and rainy low light level of being controlled at of illumination, and during easily the Midday depression phenomenon occuring, resulting control program often is not the suitable environment regulation and control combination of plant growth.In addition, belong to the adjusting of quick dynamic parameter based on the regulation and control of illumination, it is more frequent that the rising of regulating and controlling mechanism closed, and affected the life and reliability of regulating and controlling mechanism; And belong to the regulation and control of long time scale based on the regulate and control method of accumulated temperature accumulation effective temperature in suitable one day 24 hours of the plant growth as index, and in control, hysteresis quality is often arranged, sometimes can not realize the purpose of plant growth optimum.

Summary of the invention

For reaching the optimization control of greenhouse environment parameter, patent of the present invention proposes a kind of environmental control of greenhouse method of coordinating based on multi-model, utilizes the method for information fusion that the environment conditioning parameter is carried out multiple-objection optimization.Its specific implementation process is as follows: greenhouse environment information sensor and acquisition system collection obtain the inside and outside weather environment information in current greenhouse and send to the decision optimization computing machine, the decision optimization computing machine utilizes respectively based on the setting value regulation-control model, based on the regulation-control model of illumination with based on the regulation-control model of accumulated temperature, obtain the environmental control of greenhouse scheme under the current environment condition, utilize Model of Greenhouse Environment Control and cost model, obtain regulation and control cost and the goal of regulation and control environmental parameter value of corresponding regulation and control scheme, goal of regulation and control value according to the environmental parameter of calculating, utilize crop growth model to calculate the photosynthesis value of different regulation and control scheme, utilize the photosynthesis value and the environment conditioning value at cost that calculate, utilize the D-S Method of Evidence Theory to obtain optimum environment conditioning scheme, greenhouse environment controller is according to the suitable environment regulation and control scheme, and control topworks realizes the greenhouse optimal control.

The inside and outside weather environment information in greenhouse described in the such scheme refers to the environmental parameters such as the temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination, wind speed, wind direction outside temperature in the greenhouse, humidity, intensity of illumination and CO2 concentration and the greenhouse.After gathering above-mentioned information, respectively the greenhouse setting value is controlled model, analyzed based on the control model of illumination with based on environmental change situation in chamber crop growing state and the greenhouse under the control model control of accumulated temperature, extract the chamber crop growth of different control models and the proper vector of environmental change, set up the reliability function of each proper vector, utilize the D-S evidence theory to carry out the decision-making of multi-model information fusion.

The inventive method is take the operating cost of Greenhouse Environment Control, adjusting device and plant growth situation as judgement, carry out the decision-making based on the multi-model information fusion of D-S evidence theory, realize the real-time optimization of greenhouse environment parameter, and the environmental control of greenhouse scheme sent to greenhouse environment controller, control topworks realizes the control of greenhouse environment parameter.

The invention also discloses the environmental control of greenhouse method, system of a kind of greenhouse multi-model information fusion, this system is by being comprised of greenhouse environment information sensor and acquisition system, decision optimization computing machine, greenhouse environment controller and topworks; Wherein:

Greenhouse environment information sensor and acquisition system are used for gathering the inside and outside weather environment information in greenhouse and being sent to the decision optimization computing machine;

The decision optimization computing machine, utilize respectively based on the setting value regulation-control model, based on the regulation-control model of illumination with based on the regulation-control model of accumulated temperature, obtain the environmental control of greenhouse scheme under the current environment condition, utilize Model of Greenhouse Environment Control and cost model, obtain regulation and control cost and the goal of regulation and control environmental parameter value of corresponding regulation and control scheme, goal of regulation and control value according to the environmental parameter of calculating, utilize crop growth model to calculate the photosynthesis value of different regulation and control scheme, utilize the photosynthesis value and the environment conditioning value at cost that calculate, utilize the D-S Method of Evidence Theory to obtain optimum environment conditioning scheme;

Greenhouse environment controller, according to the suitable environment regulation and control scheme, control topworks realizes the greenhouse optimal control.

The present invention is according to the environmental informations such as temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination, gas concentration lwevel in the greenhouse of greenhouse environment information pick-up transducers acquisition, adopt respectively based on setting value, carry out the extraction of proper vector based on illumination with based on three kinds of greenhouses control models of accumulated temperature, adopt D-S evidence theory side to carry out many information fusion of the proper vector of three kinds of regulate and control methods, set up environment optimization regulation and control decision policy, realize the coordination that greenhouse short-scale and the control of long yardstick require.And realize the real-time control of greenhouse environment parameter by the action of greenhouse environment controller control topworks.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1, greenhouse TT﹠C system.

Fig. 2, based on the environmental control of greenhouse optimizing process of D-S evidence theory.

Embodiment

1, greenhouse TT﹠C system

Fig. 1 is the greenhouse TT﹠C system, mainly is comprised of greenhouse environment information sensor and acquisition system, decision optimization computing machine, greenhouse environment controller and topworks.The greenhouse acquisition system gathers environmental information and outdoor weather information in the greenhouse by the environmental information sensor, comprises temperature T in the greenhouse _In, intensity of illumination L _In, humidity H _In, CO ₂Concentration C _InWith temperature T outside the greenhouse _Out, humidity H _Out, intensity of illumination L _Out, the CO2 concentration C _OutAnd the information such as wind speed V, wind direction D, and send greenhouse Optimal Decision-making computing machine to and carry out decision and control, and the result of decision is sent to greenhouse environment controller, control greenhouse topworks carries out the greenhouse optimal control.

2, based on the greenhouse environment parameter optimization of multi-model information fusion

Fig. 2 is the greenhouse environment parameter Optimal Decision-making process based on the multi-model information fusion, the greenhouse internal and external environment information that gathers by the greenhouse acquisition system, utilize respectively based on setting value, based on illumination, obtain the environmental control of greenhouse scheme based on the environment conditioning model of accumulated temperature, and carry out the calculating of regulating effect and the regulation and control cost of topworks according to the regulation and control scheme of determined environment conditioning equipment.Utilize the crop photosynthesis model to calculate the photosynthesis value of different regulation and control scheme regulating effects, the photosynthesis value that utilization is calculated and environment conditioning value at cost are as proper vector, utilize the D-S Method of Evidence Theory to obtain optimum environment conditioning scheme, and the side of regulation and control is sent to the greenhouse control gear.Detailed process is as follows:

(1) foundation of environmental control of greenhouse model

1. based on regulation and control side's model of setting value

System sets higher limit, lower limit and the Appropriate of environmental control of greenhouse according to knowhow according to the characteristic requirements of plant growth or user.

2. based on the regulation-control model of illumination

Be temperature parameter in the greenhouse based on the parameter of main regulation and control in the regulation-control model of illumination, be mainly used in greenhouse daytime temperature determine that it determines that method is as follows:

Set up by experiment the quadratic function relation model of crop photosynthesis intensity Pn and temperature T, intensity of illumination L:

Pn=f(T,L)=aT ²+bL ²+cTL+dT+eL+f

A, b, c, d, e, f are parameter in the formula, adopt the method for data fitting to obtain for every kind of crop by the test of setting different temperature T and intensity of illumination L.

Obtain according to extreme value theorem

The time be the photosynthesis maximal value, this moment temperature T be the temperature value that the crop photosynthesis maximum under the given intensity of illumination condition is, be the temperature value based on the regulation and control of illumination.

3. based on the regulation-control model of accumulated temperature

Target based on the regulation and control of accumulated temperature is to choose the regular hour section, guarantees the method for average temperature value value of meeting the requirements of of this time period, and the 24h medial temperature of utilizing the method to set in the greenhouse reaches good effect.Can be expressed as:

$T_{t\arg ,24}=\underset{1}{\overset{t_{\mathrm{int}}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\stackrel{\‾}{T}}_{\mathrm{des}}-\underset{1}{\overset{t_{\mathrm{int}}-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\stackrel{\‾}{T}}_{\mathrm{real}}$

T in the formula _{Targ, 24}---24h target temperature value, i.e. new 24h average temperature value;

---the 24h temperature value of expectation, can the determining according to the plant growth optimum temperature value of its value;

---the average temperature value of 24h in the actual greenhouse, calculate by the historical data of greenhouse environment parameter acquisition system collection;

t _Int---the time period, generally choose t _Int=6 days.

(2) regulating effect of different regulation-control model and regulation and control cost

1. the greenhouse topworks regulation and control scheme of different regulation-control model

After the greenhouse acquisition system collects environmental information in the greenhouse, generate the goal of regulation and control value of corresponding environmental parameter, the action scheme that system determines environment conditioning equipment according to regulation and control state and the extent of deviation between environmental baseline and the goal of regulation and control value of the adjusting device in current greenhouse according to different regulation-control model.Take temperature as example, if Current Temperatures is lower than desired value, then carry out to close successively roller shutter, close the skylight, draw thermal screen, the operation such as heat; Be higher than setting value such as temperature, then carry out successively and put in a skylight, the uncoiling curtain, to draw sunshade net, the machine that blows in, open wet curtain operation.Carry out the calculating of regulating effect and the regulation and control cost of topworks according to the regulation and control scheme of determined environment conditioning equipment.

2. the regulating effect of topworks calculates

The forecast model that obtains environmental parameter after the regulation and control of different environment conditioning topworkies is:

$K_{\mathrm{in}}^1=K_{\mathrm{in}}^0+\mathrm{\Σ}(k_i{\mathrm{\λ}}_{K_i}+k_j{\mathrm{\λ}}_{K_j})(K_{\mathrm{in}}^0-K_{\mathrm{out}}^0)$

K wherein---be environmental parameter in the greenhouse, comprise temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination and CO2 concentration etc.

---the predicted value of environmental parameter in the greenhouse;

---outdoor initial environment parameter value;

---the initial environment parameter value in the greenhouse;

λ _K---varying environment regulation and control topworks carries out the influence coefficient to environmental parameter in the greenhouse, and its parameter obtains by test determination;

k _i---the variable condition of the i of clearance-type topworks, 0 this mechanism action of expression does not change; 1 this mechanism action of expression changes, i.e. liter or the degradation of the opening or closing of skylight, roller shutter;

k _j---the state of the j of continuous type topworks, 0 outgoing mechanism action are carried out (closing), 1 outgoing mechanism action executing (unlatching), and namely blower fan, spray system opens etc.

3. the regulation and control cost of topworks calculates

The regulation and control cost computation process in greenhouse is as follows:

C=∑k _ic _i+∑k _jc _jt

C in the formula---the total regulation and control cost (unit) under topworks's combination condition;

c _i---clearance-type topworks action single regulation and control energy consumption cost (comprising skylight, roller shutter, internal sunshade net, external sunshade net).

c _j---energy consumption cost (comprising wet curtain, blower fan and heating system) in the unit interval of continuous type topworks action regulation and control.

T---the time (min) of continuous type topworks operation.

(3) based on the environmental control of greenhouse optimization of D-S evidence theory

1. reliability function determines

In the information fusion method based on the D-S evidence theory, determining of reliability function is to merge the key that realizes, the definition reliability function is in this research:

$B_{\mathrm{pn},i}=\frac{{\mathrm{pn}}_i+0.001}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{pn}}_i+0.001}$

$B_{C,i}=\frac{\frac{1}{C_i+0.001}}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{1}{C_i+0.001}}$

Pn in the formula---be intensity of photosynthesis,

C---be regulation and control cost,

I---be regulation and control scheme, i=1,2,3,

K---be evidence quantity, k=3.

2. Dempster is synthetic

Suppose that three kinds of regulation-control model are respectively A={A1, A2, A3} then can get according to the Dempster compositional rule:

$m\left(A\right)=\frac{\underset{A_1\∩A_2\∩A_3=A}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{m}_1\left(A_1\right)m_2\left(A_2\right)m_3\left(A_3\right)}{1-K}$

Wherein $K=\underset{A_1\∩A_2\∩A_3=\mathrm{\Φ}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{m}_1\left(A_1\right)m_2\left(A_2\right)m_3\left(A_3\right).$

Corresponding regulation and control scheme according to the value maximum of the m that calculates (A) is carried out environmental control of greenhouse.

3 greenhouses are controlled in real time

After the greenhouse real-time control system obtains the environmental control of greenhouse scheme, by greenhouse environment controller the state of each mechanism is sent to each regulating and controlling mechanism relay, by the motor of Control greenhouse regulating and controlling mechanism, realize the real-time monitoring of greenhouse.

The present invention proposes a kind of method of the greenhouse Optimum Regulation based on the multi-model information fusion, will be based on setting value, merge based on illumination with based on the environmental control of greenhouse model of accumulated temperature, merge take the crop growth amount of unit regulation and control cost as main judging basis, the real-time optimization regulation and control in greenhouse have been realized, the invention solves at the short-scale that environmental control of greenhouse process medium temperature chamber internal and external environment condition changes and require and multiple-objection optimization and the coordination between requiring of the long yardstick of plant growth, the high-yield and high-efficiency production in realization greenhouse is had great importance.

Claims (2)

1. one kind based on multi-model information fusion environmental control of greenhouse method, it is characterized in that: the weather environment information that is obtained inside and outside the current greenhouse by greenhouse environment information sensor and acquisition system collection sends to the decision optimization computing machine, the decision optimization computing machine utilizes respectively based on the setting value regulation-control model, based on the regulation-control model of illumination with based on the regulation-control model of accumulated temperature, obtain the environmental control of greenhouse scheme under the current environment condition, utilize Model of Greenhouse Environment Control and cost model, obtain regulation and control cost and the goal of regulation and control environmental parameter value of corresponding regulation and control scheme, goal of regulation and control value according to the environmental parameter of calculating, utilize crop growth model to calculate the photosynthesis value of different regulation and control scheme, utilize the photosynthesis value and the environment conditioning value at cost that calculate, utilize the D-S Method of Evidence Theory to obtain optimum environment conditioning scheme, greenhouse environment controller is according to the suitable environment regulation and control scheme, and control topworks realizes the greenhouse optimal control.

2. the environmental control of greenhouse method, system of a greenhouse multi-model information fusion, this system is by being comprised of greenhouse environment information sensor and acquisition system, decision optimization computing machine, greenhouse environment controller and topworks; Wherein:

Greenhouse environment information sensor and acquisition system are used for gathering the inside and outside weather environment information in greenhouse and being sent to the decision optimization computing machine;

The decision optimization computing machine, utilize respectively based on the setting value regulation-control model, based on the regulation-control model of illumination with based on the regulation-control model of accumulated temperature, obtain the environmental control of greenhouse scheme under the current environment condition, utilize Model of Greenhouse Environment Control and cost model, obtain regulation and control cost and the goal of regulation and control environmental parameter value of corresponding regulation and control scheme, goal of regulation and control value according to the environmental parameter of calculating, utilize crop growth model to calculate the photosynthesis value of different regulation and control scheme, utilize the photosynthesis value and the environment conditioning value at cost that calculate, utilize the D-S Method of Evidence Theory to obtain optimum environment conditioning scheme;

Greenhouse environment controller, according to the suitable environment regulation and control scheme, control topworks realizes the greenhouse optimal control.