CN102937151A - Stepless speed controlling method and stepless speed controller - Google Patents
Stepless speed controlling method and stepless speed controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN102937151A CN102937151A CN2012104443495A CN201210444349A CN102937151A CN 102937151 A CN102937151 A CN 102937151A CN 2012104443495 A CN2012104443495 A CN 2012104443495A CN 201210444349 A CN201210444349 A CN 201210444349A CN 102937151 A CN102937151 A CN 102937151A
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- storing flywheel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stepless speed controlling method and a stepless speed controller. According to the method, a medium serves as a high-frequency transmission switch, conversion between the output revolving speed and the torque is achieved through a mechanical energy storage mechanism, the medium is subjected to solid and liquid transformation under the effect of voltage or a magnetic field, the mechanical energy storage mechanism is composed of a heavy energy storage flywheel and a light transmission disk, the medium is located between the energy storage flywheel and the transmission disk, when the voltage or the magnetic field is applied, the medium is solidified, the energy storage flywheel and the transmission disk are connected into a whole, when the voltage or the magnetic field disappears, the medium is liquefied, no mechanical connection exists between the energy storage flywheel and the transmission disk, the energy storage flywheel and the transmission disk rotate freely and separately, and the output revolving speed and the torque are controlled through controlling of the ratio of the solid state time of the medium to the liquid state time of the medium. The stepless speed controller which implements the method has the advantages of being wide in speed regulating time, fast in reaction, simple in structure, stable in output power and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electromechanical integration field, particularly a kind of stepless speed regulating method and stepless speed adjusting gear.
Background technique
General AC motor rotational speed regulation wider range under frequency control of motor speed, but power can not get good utilization particularly is generally permanent moment of torsion output during the frequency reducing speed governing, and power loss is very large.Electrodeless speed regulator better met motor under the optimum operating condition with the matched well of transmission system.The tradition stepless speed adjusting gear mainly is divided into the modes such as hydraulic transmission, mechanical transmission and electric drive.Hydraulic transmission requires height to the accuracy of manufacturing of speed regulator, and price is more expensive, and output characteristics is permanent torque, and sliding ratio is larger, and leakage of oil occurs during running easily; Mechanical transmission is higher to parts machining and the lubricating requirement of speed regulator, and bearing capacity is lower, and is overload-resistant and impact resistance is relatively poor, and effectively speed adjustable range is little, in generally being suitable for, the small-power transmission; Electrically-driven speed regulator is take the AC motor formula as main, and permanent torque is exported when frequency reducing low speed, and power reduces.Generally, at present electrodeless speed regulator complex structure, technological requirement are higher, and Local Property has to be hoisted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that exists in the prior art, a kind of stepless speed regulating method is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, slewing range large and the electrodeless speed regulator of stable output power.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of stepless speed regulating method is as high frequency transmission switch, by the conversion of mechanical accumulated energy winding machine output speed and torque take medium; Described medium is that the medium that the solid, liquid attitude changes occurs under the effect in voltage or magnetic field; Described mechanical accumulated energy mechanism is comprised of the energy-storing flywheel of heavy and the drive plate of lightweight, and medium is between energy-storing flywheel and drive plate; When applying voltage or magnetic field, thereby medium occurs to solidify energy-storing flywheel and drive plate is connected as a single entity, when losing voltage or magnetic field, thereby machinery-free occurs between liquefaction energy-storing flywheel and the drive plate and is connected and also carries out separately free rotation in medium, by the solid-state and liquid time scale of control media, realize control output speed and torque.
The preferred electrorheological fluid of described medium, electromagnetism become liquid or controlled magnetic, also comprise other medium that can realize that quick controlled company is disconnected.
A kind of electrodeless speed regulator comprises input system, variable ratio drive system and output system by coaxial series arrangement; Described input system comprises input shaft positioning bearing 1, input shaft 2 and energy-storing flywheel 3, and described transmission gear shift system comprises medium 7, drive plate 5 and ratchet 4, and described output system comprises torsion spring 6, output shaft positioning bearing 8 and output shaft 9; Input shaft positioning bearing 1 is halved together with input shaft 2, is used for fixedly input shaft 2, and output shaft positioning bearing 8 is halved together with output shaft 9, is used for fixedly output shaft 9; Input shaft 2 is connected with energy-storing flywheel 3 coaxial rigid; Be placed with medium 7 between energy-storing flywheel 3 and the drive plate 5, described medium 7 is that the medium that the solid, liquid attitude changes occurs under the effect in voltage or magnetic field, when applying voltage or magnetic field, medium 7 can solidify, thereby energy-storing flywheel 3 and drive plate 5 are connected as a single entity, and when losing voltage or magnetic field, medium 7 is liquefaction again, thereby machinery-free is connected between energy-storing flywheel 3 and the drive plate 5, carries out independence and freedom and rotates; Drive plate 5 is connected with output shaft 9 by torsion spring 6; The outside of ratchet 4 is fixed on the shell, the edge of drive plate 5 contacts with the inboard ratchet of ratchet 4, the ratchet direction of ratchet 4 is identical with turning to of energy-storing flywheel 3, when drive plate 5 is driven by energy-storing flywheel 3, drive plate 5 keeps sliding relation with hook tooth, when drive plate 5 broke away from energy-storing flywheel 3 and present inverted reset rotation trend, drive plate 5 was locked by hook tooth, and was discharged the elastic potential energy of torsion springs 6 by output shaft 9.
Described medium 7 preferred electrorheological fluid, electromagnetism become liquid or controlled magnetic, also comprise other medium that can realize that quick controlled company is disconnected.
The quality of energy-storing flywheel 3 far overweights drive plate 5; Energy-storing flywheel 3 is rosette, and drive plate 5 is inverted U-shaped sheet metal.
The power source of described input system can be the mechanical power sources such as motor, petrol engine, diesel engine or steamer.
Described ratchet 4 can become liquid with electrorheological fluid or electromagnetism and replace, and two groups of electric currents or electromagnetism become the complementary work of liquid.
Adopt automatical control system to come voltage or the magnetic field of control media 7.Described automatical control system comprises digital processing system, rotating speed moment of torsion detection system, power-supply system, drive circuit and a pair of electricity/magnetic pole.Wherein, digital processing system can be that single-chip microcomputer, DSP, PLC or process control machine are the digital processing system of core, and behind the data operations such as the responsible rotating speed that will collect, moment of torsion, output control electric current/electromagnetism becomes the electrical signal of liquid.Processing is sent in moment of torsion and rotary speed information change that rotating speed moment of torsion detection system is responsible for input, output shaft upper sensor are collected, passes to digital processing system.Power-supply system provides corresponding operating voltage for digital processing system and drive circuit.Drive circuit amplifies the light current control signal of digital processing system output and the waveform adjustment, produces the Electromagnetic Control waveform that driving current/electromagnetism becomes liquid.Electricity/the magnetic pole of a pair of both positive and negative polarity is applied to drive waveforms on the medium 7, finishes the solid-liquid binary states and changes.
Working principle of the present invention is:
The solid-state time of supposing medium 7 is t
1, the liquid time is t
2, during steady operation, 7 cycles in control time of medium are T, that is:
T=t
1+t
2 （1）
Motor or engine operation are at optimum operating condition after the stable state, and its angular velocity is ω
1, input shaft 2 is connected with energy-storing flywheel for coaxial rigid connects, and has identical angular velocity.Energy-storing flywheel 3 is rosette, supposes that rotary inertia is enough large, as enough hour of T, and its angular velocity omega
1Variation is ignored, then t
1Energy-storing flywheel 3 is rigidly connected by solid state medium 7 and drive plate 5 in time, and the drive plate 5 of lightweight obtains same angular velocity ω
1, have certain inertia, torsion spring 6 accumulation of energys because output shaft 9 connects load.At t
2 Time drive plate 5 is subject to the constraint of ratchet 4 and can not reverses, and torsion spring 6 discharges potential energy, and output shaft 9 continues tractive load and rotates externally acting.If load inertia is enough large, output shaft 9 rotational speed omega during stable state
2Variation is ignored.
During stable state, the interior energy-storing flywheel 3 of one-period T absorbs identical with the energy that discharges, can analyze to draw, and in the whole cycle T, the mechanical energy that energy-storing flywheel 3 absorbs from input shaft 2, and only at t
1In time drive plate 5 is released energy, and be subject to the countertorque M of torsion spring 6
2, but rotating speed still is ω
1:
Formula 2 is launched and can be got:
M
1ω
1t
1+M
1ω
1t
2-M
2ω
1t
1＝0 （3）
Further can push away:
M in the formula 4
1Be the input torque of input shaft 2, M
2Output torque for output shaft 9.
Be ideal material depending on whole system, ignore loss, then input system and output system power conservation, output shaft 9 rotational speed omega
2Be expressed as:
This shows that when medium 7 solidified according to certain dutycycle, this speed regulator was operated in deceleration regime in period of time T; Work as t
1During=T (drive plate 5 is rigidly connected continuously with energy-storing flywheel 3 during stable state), output shaft 9 can be considered with motor is coaxial and is connected its rotational speed omega
2=ω
1, torque M
2=M
1
This shows, adopt electrodeless speed regulator of the present invention, utilize medium as high frequency transmission switch, rely on the conversion of mechanical accumulated energy winding machine output speed and torque, can make high-speed electric expreess locomotive or engine operation in the optimum condition situation, realize the output of permanent power or permanent torque.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
1, principle of the present invention and structure are different from present speed regulator, the advantage such as have that speed-regulating range width, speed governing reaction is fast, simple in structure, stable output power and torque are adjustable.
2, stepless speed adjusting gear of the present invention utilizes electrorheological fluid or electromagnetism to become liquid as the high frequency medium that is in transmission connection, and performance is better than common mechanical or hydraulic transmission.
3, the present invention utilizes the mechanical energy storing mechanism as the energy interchange parts, plays simultaneously the energy transfer function, and whole system has flexible preferably.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, input shaft positioning bearing; 2, input shaft; 3, energy-storing flywheel; 4, ratchet; 5, drive plate; 6, torsion spring; 7, medium; 8, output shaft positioning bearing; 9, output shaft.
Fig. 2 is the automatical control system schematic diagram of medium.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of stepless speed adjusting gear comprises input system, transmission gear shift system and output system by coaxial series arrangement.Described input system comprises input shaft positioning bearing 1, input shaft 2 and energy-storing flywheel 3, and described transmission gear shift system comprises medium 7, drive plate 5 and ratchet 4, and described output system comprises torsion spring 6, output shaft positioning bearing 8 and output shaft 9.Medium 7 is electrorheological fluid.
Input shaft positioning bearing 1 is halved together with input shaft 2, is used for fixedly input shaft 2; Output shaft positioning bearing 8 is halved together with output shaft 9, is used for fixedly output shaft 9.
As load torque M
2Greater than motor nominal torque M
1The time, speed regulator is operated in the state of running slowly, and applying the curing voltage time in medium 7 both sides is t
1, then get according to formula 4:
T is the setting control time cycle in the formula 6, decides according to medium 7 characteristics.
By the real-time torque of mensuration output shaft 9 or the real-time rotate speed of motor 1, the dutycycle of controlling curing time by control circuit can reach control inputs axle 2 permanent power reduction of speed output effects.
Medium 7 is that electromagnetism becomes liquid, and other is identical with embodiment 1.Do every magnetic treatment on energy-storing flywheel 3 and drive plate 5 surfaces.
Medium 7 is controlled magnetics, and other is identical with embodiment 1.
Another is organized electric current/electromagnetism and becomes liquid and replace with ratchet 4 usefulness, and with medium 7 complementary curing work, can realize the output of clockwise and anticlockwise speed change.
Claims (8)
1. a stepless speed regulating method is characterized in that: be as high frequency transmission switch, by the conversion of mechanical accumulated energy winding machine output speed and torque take medium; Described medium is that the medium that the solid, liquid attitude changes occurs under the effect in voltage or magnetic field; Described mechanical accumulated energy mechanism is comprised of the energy-storing flywheel of heavy and the drive plate of lightweight, and medium is between energy-storing flywheel and drive plate; When applying voltage or magnetic field, thereby medium occurs to solidify energy-storing flywheel and drive plate is connected as a single entity, when losing voltage or magnetic field, thereby machinery-free occurs between liquefaction energy-storing flywheel and the drive plate and is connected and also carries out separately free rotation in medium, by the solid-state and liquid time scale of control media, realize control output speed and torque.
2. stepless speed regulating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described medium is that electrorheological fluid, electromagnetism become liquid or controlled magnetic.
3. an electrodeless speed regulator is characterized in that: comprise input system, variable ratio drive system and output system by coaxial series arrangement; Described input system comprises input shaft positioning bearing, input shaft and energy-storing flywheel, and described transmission gear shift system comprises medium, drive plate and ratchet, and described output system comprises torsion spring, output shaft positioning bearing and output shaft; Input shaft positioning bearing and input shaft are halved together, and are used for fixedly input shaft, and output shaft positioning bearing and output shaft are halved together, and are used for fixedly output shaft; Input shaft is connected with the energy-storing flywheel coaxial rigid; Be placed with medium between energy-storing flywheel and the drive plate, described medium is that the medium that the solid, liquid attitude changes occurs under the effect in voltage or magnetic field, when applying voltage or magnetic field, medium can solidify, thereby energy-storing flywheel and drive plate are connected as a single entity, and when losing voltage or magnetic field, medium can liquefy again, thereby machinery-free is connected between energy-storing flywheel and the drive plate, carries out independence and freedom and rotates; Drive plate is connected with output shaft by torsion spring; The outside of ratchet is fixed on the shell, the edge of drive plate contacts with the inboard ratchet of ratchet, the ratchet direction of ratchet is identical with turning to of energy-storing flywheel, when drive plate is driven by energy-storing flywheel, drive plate and hook tooth keep sliding relation, when drive plate broke away from energy-storing flywheel and present inverted reset rotation trend, drive plate was locked by hook tooth, and was discharged the elastic potential energy of torsion spring by output shaft.
4. electrodeless speed regulator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described medium is that electrorheological fluid, electromagnetism become liquid or controlled magnetic.
5. electrodeless speed regulator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the quality of described energy-storing flywheel far overweights drive plate.
6. electrodeless speed regulator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described ratchet becomes liquid with electrorheological fluid or electromagnetism and replaces.
7. electrodeless speed regulator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: adopt automatical control system to come voltage or the magnetic field of control media; Described automatical control system comprises digital processing system, rotating speed moment of torsion detection system, power-supply system, drive circuit and a pair of electricity/magnetic pole.
8. electrodeless speed regulator according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described digital processing system is that single-chip microcomputer, DSP, PLC or process control machine are the digital processing system of core, behind the data operations such as the responsible input and output shaft rotating speed that will collect, moment of torsion, the electrical signal of output control I level medium and II level medium; Processing is sent in moment of torsion and rotary speed information change that rotating speed moment of torsion detection system is responsible for input, output shaft upper sensor are collected, passes to digital processing system; Power-supply system provides corresponding operating voltage for digital processing system and drive circuit; Drive circuit amplifies the light current control signal of digital processing system output and the waveform adjustment, the Electromagnetic Control waveform that generation can two drive circuit media; Electricity/the magnetic pole of a pair of both positive and negative polarity is applied to drive waveforms on the medium, finishes the solid-liquid binary states and changes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210444349.5A CN102937151B (en) | 2012-11-08 | 2012-11-08 | A kind of stepless speed adjusting gear |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210444349.5A CN102937151B (en) | 2012-11-08 | 2012-11-08 | A kind of stepless speed adjusting gear |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102937151A true CN102937151A (en) | 2013-02-20 |
| CN102937151B CN102937151B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210444349.5A Active CN102937151B (en) | 2012-11-08 | 2012-11-08 | A kind of stepless speed adjusting gear |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103953696A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-30 | 浙江大学 | Hydrogel-based intelligent temperature control speed-variable transmission device |
| CN112547489A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-26 | 德清县高桥绢纺厂 | Multi-stage screening device for wood particles with variable apertures |
| CN113266654A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2021-08-17 | 拉季埃-菲雅克有限责任公司 | Torque limiter |
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| US5896965A (en) * | 1997-06-02 | 1999-04-27 | General Motors Corporation | Magnetorheological fluid fan clutch |
| CN101110547A (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2008-01-23 | 何晓继 | Flywheel energy accumulating type magnetic moment-changing and speed-changing device |
| CN101793312A (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2010-08-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Magneto-rheological stepless speed changer |
| CN201963830U (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-09-07 | 李凯 | Power transmission buffer |
| CN102734410A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Magnetorheological fluid continuously variable transmission |
-
2012
- 2012-11-08 CN CN201210444349.5A patent/CN102937151B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5896965A (en) * | 1997-06-02 | 1999-04-27 | General Motors Corporation | Magnetorheological fluid fan clutch |
| CN101110547A (en) * | 2006-07-17 | 2008-01-23 | 何晓继 | Flywheel energy accumulating type magnetic moment-changing and speed-changing device |
| CN101793312A (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2010-08-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Magneto-rheological stepless speed changer |
| CN201963830U (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-09-07 | 李凯 | Power transmission buffer |
| CN102734410A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Magnetorheological fluid continuously variable transmission |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103953696A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-30 | 浙江大学 | Hydrogel-based intelligent temperature control speed-variable transmission device |
| CN113266654A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2021-08-17 | 拉季埃-菲雅克有限责任公司 | Torque limiter |
| US11913502B2 (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2024-02-27 | Ratier-Figeac Sas | Torque limiter |
| CN112547489A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-26 | 德清县高桥绢纺厂 | Multi-stage screening device for wood particles with variable apertures |
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| CN102937151B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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