CN102933811A - 用于净化带有颗粒的气体的装置 - Google Patents

用于净化带有颗粒的气体的装置 Download PDF

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CN102933811A
CN102933811A CN2012800015612A CN201280001561A CN102933811A CN 102933811 A CN102933811 A CN 102933811A CN 2012800015612 A CN2012800015612 A CN 2012800015612A CN 201280001561 A CN201280001561 A CN 201280001561A CN 102933811 A CN102933811 A CN 102933811A
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bellows
filter element
inward flange
ripple
anchor clamps
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A·希尔
B·黑勒
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BOA Balg und Kompensatoren Technologie GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
    • B01D46/0016—Folded frame or housing constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
    • B01D46/0005—Mounting of filtering elements within casings, housings or frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1811—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N13/1816—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration the pipe sections being joined together by flexible tubular elements only, e.g. using bellows or strip-wound pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0215—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters the filtering elements having the form of disks or plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0226—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L27/00—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement
    • F16L27/10—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F16L27/107—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only, e.g. for damping vibrations the ends of the pipe being interconnected by a flexible sleeve
    • F16L27/11—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only, e.g. for damping vibrations the ends of the pipe being interconnected by a flexible sleeve the sleeve having the form of a bellows with multiple corrugations
    • F16L27/111—Adjustable joints, Joints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only, e.g. for damping vibrations the ends of the pipe being interconnected by a flexible sleeve the sleeve having the form of a bellows with multiple corrugations the bellows being reinforced
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L51/00—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines
    • F16L51/02—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines making use of bellows or an expansible folded or corrugated tube
    • F16L51/027—Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines making use of bellows or an expansible folded or corrugated tube with external reinforcement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于净化带有颗粒的气体的装置，其具有波纹管（2）和设置在波纹管（2）中的至少一个过滤元件（4，4a）。为了保证有效的过滤而不限制波纹管（2）的可运动性，本发明设定：至少一个过滤元件（4，4a）形状锁合地固定在一个波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘（2.1）上。

Description

用于净化带有颗粒的气体的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于净化带有颗粒的气体的装置，该装置具有波纹管和设置在该波纹管中的至少一个过滤元件。
背景技术
这种装置可以设置为隔离元件，必要时配备有其它的单独部件在汽车的排气管中作为烟灰过滤器。此外这种装置可以在汽车的废气再循环管道中充当用于柴油颗粒过滤器的被分离的颗粒的过滤器。此外存在各种其它的作为过滤器的应用可能性，其中对于波纹管来说，柔性的管道元件是必需的。
在由实际已知的这种装置中，过滤元件例如设置于在一侧在波纹管元件上至少伸入波纹管的刚性的管接头中，或者这种轴向伸入波纹管的管接头由过滤材料构造。通过这种设计结构限制了波纹管的可运动性。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是，如此改进这种用于净化带有颗粒的气体的装置，从而不限制波纹管的可运动性就实现气体的有效过滤。
根据本发明，所述目的在这种装置中如此实现，使得所述至少一个过滤元件形状锁合地固定在一个波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘上。
通过根据本发明的解决方案完全确保了波纹管的可运动性，因为不会使波纹管的运动获得波纹管波纹与插入波纹管的过滤管或其它的插入物碰撞的危险。根据本发明形状锁合地保持在波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘上的过滤元件在波纹管的每个运动中，不管是轴向运动、横向运动或成角度运动，与波纹管波纹一起同步地运动而不出现碰撞的危险，因为过滤元件直接以提及的方法保持在一个波纹管波纹上。通过该方法没有限制可运动性，因为过滤元件同时恰好保持在一个波纹管波纹上。
为了将过滤元件固定在波纹管波纹上，在此或者可以设定为，使得过滤元件的外周节段性地或在整个周边上具有适配于波纹管内边缘的轮廓的、部分地包围该波纹管内边缘的形状；或者但是可以设定为，使得过滤元件通过夹具而保持在波纹管内边缘的内侧上。在后一种情况中，本发明的改进方案设定为：这些夹具具有各自作用在波纹管内边缘的轴向侧上的、向外伸的臂和两个在两侧作用在过滤元件上的内臂。
此外在改进方案中可以设定为：在两个各自固定在一个波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘上的过滤元件之间嵌有其它的过滤材料，其中，在两个以提及的方法直接保持在波纹管波纹上的过滤元件之间放入的并通过这些过滤元件保持的其它的过滤材料是软的且柔性的，从而由此同样不限制波纹管的可运动性。
作为过滤元件的材料或者放入的过滤材料的材料，相应地可以考虑金属编织物或金属织物，必要时为多层的，优选为细金属丝网或方孔织网的形式或者金属纤维网。
按照方法，过滤元件形状锁合地固定在波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘上。在第一种提及的优选的设计结构中这点如此实现，使得过滤元件的外周节段性地或在整个周边上配备有适配于波纹管内边缘的轮廓的凹入的形状。接着将过滤元件引入波纹管直到一个波纹管波纹并且然后在两侧挤压该过滤元件，其中，该过滤元件径向扩展并因此使其周边以及特别是形状适配的区域形状锁合地贴靠在波纹管内边缘上。
如果应在一个波纹管中引入多于一个的通过周边轮廓的相应的适配来保持的过滤元件，则这些过滤元件首先节段性地或在整个周边上获得适配于波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘的轮廓的形状。此外，首先将这些过滤元件如此冲压成略微的球形帽状，以使它们在被引入波纹管波纹后在波纹管内边缘的区域中通过以冲头轴向地补充推移而装配到波纹管内边缘中并因此形状锁合地固定。
在上面第二种提及的固定方式中，借助于夹具将这些过滤元件首先通过它们的径向向外伸的臂力锁合地固定在波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘上，其中，在最终状态中径向向内指向的臂之一首先仍然轴向定向。在周边上优选设置有三个夹具，其中，当然也可以设置四个或五个夹具。
接着，将过滤元件由引入侧引到所提及的固定在波纹管内边缘上的夹具的区域中，其中，夹具的背向引入侧的、向内指向的臂充当用于过滤元件的支承件。最后，将面向引入侧的、首先轴向定向的臂径向向内弯曲，从而使过滤元件保持在两个径向向内指向的臂之间。
附图说明
本发明的其它优点和特征由权利要求和后面的描述中获得，其中，参照附图详细地阐述本发明的实施例。附图中：
图1示出根据本发明的用于净化带有颗粒的气体的装置的第一设计结构的上半部分的纵剖视图；
图2示出根据本发明的装置的另一设计结构的相应的剖视图；
图3示出根据本发明的装置的其它设计结构的相应的剖视图，其具有过滤元件的另一种固定方法；以及
图4a示出固定在波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘上的夹具在安置过滤元件前的放大示出的剖视图；
图4b示出固定在波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘上的、具有弯曲的臂的夹具在引入过滤元件后的放大示出的剖视图；以及
图5示出根据本发明的隔离元件的其它实施方式的纵剖视图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的用于净化带有颗粒的气体的装置1具有金属的波纹管2。该波纹管在示出的实施例中套有金属编织软管或编结软管3，其中，在两个波纹管端部为了固定而设置有成型环8。
在波纹管2的内部，在示出的实施例中在波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘2.1上设置有三个扁平的柱体的过滤板形式的过滤元件4。这些过滤元件在图1的实施例中通过夹具5保持。在此，优选三个夹具5均匀地分布在周边上，但是其中，也可以设置有四个或五个夹具。这些夹具5通过径向向外伸的臂5.1力锁合地保持在各一个波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘2.1上，而板形的过滤元件4夹在径向向内伸的臂6、7之间。
为了安装，首先将夹具5推到波纹管内边缘2.1上，其中，指向安装侧的内臂7还指向轴向并因此垂直指向另外的臂5.1、6（如其在图1右侧的过滤元件中可识别的那样）。接着，将过滤元件4由安装侧推入，其中，向内指向的臂6充当用于过滤元件4的止挡。最后，将臂7径向向内弯曲，从而使过滤元件4保持在该臂与臂6之间，如其在图1两个左侧的元件中可识别的那样。
过滤元件4优选通过由不锈钢、如具有高抗腐蚀性的铬钢、镍钢、钼钢构成的金属编织物或金属织物、如细金属丝网或方孔织网构成。过滤元件在此可以是一层的或多层的，其中，这些层可以具有不同的网孔密度和线粗。这样一个过滤层的孔隙尺寸可以以相同数量级的线粗例如在小于1微米至100微米之间，其中，保护和支撑织物可以具有直至毫米级的网孔大小和线粗。
在图2的设计结构中，在扁平柱体的过滤板4、4a形式的过滤元件4之间还设置有过滤材料9，其中，在此涉及的是软的、柔性的过滤材料，如金属纤维网，该过滤材料不限制波纹管的可运动性。
在图3的设计结构中，过滤元件4直接通过其周边边缘的造型形状锁合地保持在一个波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘2.1上，如其在图3中示出的那样。这些过滤元件由被挤压的金属丝或被挤压的金属编结物构成。在此，可以通过如下方式固定唯一的过滤元件，首先将该过滤元件通过大约与波纹管内直径相符的径向尺寸引入波纹管2直至一个波纹管波纹，并且然后从两侧轴向挤压该过滤元件，其中，所述过滤元件4径向膨胀并适配于波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘2.1，如可以由图3获知的那样。
当应将多于一个的过滤元件4、4a、4b引入一个波纹管时，则将各过滤元件预加工为略微的球形帽状（图5右侧）。在此，这些过滤元件可以以其背向插入侧A的、处于其凹侧上的周边边缘4.1自由地滑过波纹管内边缘2.1，而它们的凸侧的、朝向推入侧A的周边边缘4.2形状锁合地反扣（hintergreifen）波纹管内边缘2.1。如果只在周边边缘4.2的区域中施加力，可以将过滤板4b推过波纹管内边缘2.1。如果－借助于冲头－在中心施加力，过滤板4b以其周边边缘4.2达到在波纹管内边缘2.1上的支撑部并同时被挤压，通过该方法使另外的周边边缘4.1也贴靠在波纹管内边缘2.1上，而且该过滤板与板4、4a相符。
附图标记表
1装置
2波纹管
2.1波纹管内边缘
3金属编织软管或金属编结软管
4、4a、4b  过滤元件
4.1周边边缘
4.2周边边缘
5夹具
5.1径向向外伸的臂
6、7径向向内伸的臂
8成型环
9过滤材料
A  推入侧

Claims (5)

1.用于净化带有颗粒的气体的装置，该装置具有波纹管（2）和设置在所述波纹管（2）中的至少一个过滤元件（4，4a，4b），其特征在于，所述至少一个过滤元件（4，4a，4b）形状锁合地固定在一个波纹管波纹的波纹管内边缘（2.1）上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述过滤元件（4，4a，4b）的外周节段性地或在整个周边上具有适配于所述波纹管内边缘（2.1）的轮廓的、部分地包围该波纹管内边缘的形状。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述过滤元件（4，4a）通过夹具（5）保持在所述波纹管内边缘（2.1）的内侧上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述夹具（2）具有各自作用在一个波纹管内边缘（2.1）的轴向侧上的向外伸的臂（5.1）和两个在两侧作用在所述过滤元件（4，4a）上的内臂（6，7）。
5.根据前述权利要求之一所述的装置，其特征在于，在两个各自固定在一个波纹管波纹的所述波纹管内边缘（2.1）上的过滤元件（4，4a）之间嵌有其它的过滤材料（9）。
CN2012800015612A 2011-02-09 2012-01-12 用于净化带有颗粒的气体的装置 Pending CN102933811A (zh)

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US20130067872A1 (en) 2013-03-21
DE202011002517U1 (de) 2012-05-11

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