CN102931843A - Soft-switch full-bridge direct-current transformer of self-driven active auxiliary network - Google Patents

Soft-switch full-bridge direct-current transformer of self-driven active auxiliary network Download PDF

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CN102931843A
CN102931843A CN2011102264710A CN201110226471A CN102931843A CN 102931843 A CN102931843 A CN 102931843A CN 2011102264710 A CN2011102264710 A CN 2011102264710A CN 201110226471 A CN201110226471 A CN 201110226471A CN 102931843 A CN102931843 A CN 102931843A
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auxiliary
transformer
switch
inverter bridge
bridge leg
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CN102931843B (en
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陈仲
史良辰
季锋
刘沙沙
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The invention discloses a soft-switch full-bridge direct-current transformer of a self-driven active auxiliary network. The soft-switch full-bridge direct-current transformer comprises a direct-current power supply Vin, a first inverter bridge arm, a second inverter bridge arm, an auxiliary bridge arm, an auxiliary transformer, an auxiliary capacitor, an auxiliary inductor, an isolation transformer and a rectifying filtering circuit. According to the invention, a phase shift control manner is adopted, due to additional arrangement of the active auxiliary network constituted by the auxiliary bridge arm, the auxiliary inductor, the auxiliary transformer and the auxiliary capacitor, the transformer can be used to realize the zero-voltage switching of a switch tube in a wider load range, in addition, the energy of the auxiliary network changes adaptively along with the change of a load, so that losses brought to the auxiliary network during heavy load are reduced, and meanwhile, the auxiliary bridge arm is simple to control.

Description

The soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter of self-driven active auxiliary network
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter of self-driven active auxiliary network.
Background technology
The phase shifting control soft switch full bridge converter is owing to combine the advantage of PWM switch and mode of resonance switch, in switching process, utilize harmonic technology to realize no-voltage/Zero Current Switch, switching process is got back to again common PWM state after finishing, it is little that it has possessed switching loss simultaneously, the advantages such as the low and PWM pressure regulation of on-state loss, therefore in powerful DC converting occasion favored widely.
Traditional phase shifting control full-bridge converter of zero-voltage switch lagging leg when load is lighter can lose soft switch, can increase transformer leakage inductance or series resonance inductor for this reason, but this can bring losing of Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer duty ratio, cause reducing the duty ratio that the transformer primary secondary turn ratio is come compensating missing, this is again so that Efficiency Decreasing.The simultaneously increase of transformer leakage inductance or series resonance inductor has caused the Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer parasitic oscillation.In order to reduce transformer leakage inductance or series resonance inductor, adding auxiliary network becomes a kind of trend.Document is arranged at lagging leg active auxiliary network in parallel, stored energy is helped lagging leg and is realized zero voltage switch in auxiliary induction, the control of auxiliary switch is simple, but the energy constant in full-load range in the auxiliary network is constant, when load is heavier, the energy of storing in the transformer leakage inductance has satisfied realizes lagging leg ZVS condition, and there are a large amount of losses in auxiliary energy, thereby has reduced efficient.Although there is document can realize that the energy stored in the active auxiliary network changes with the variation of load current, reduced the conduction loss of auxiliary network, its control to auxiliary switch is very complicated, is difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide for the existing technological deficiency of above-mentioned converter a kind of soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter of self-driven active auxiliary network, auxiliary switch control is simple, the auxiliary network energy is adaptive variation with the variation of load, and in wider loading range, can realize the zero voltage switch of master power switch pipe, conduction loss reduces, and transducer effciency is improved.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for achieving the above object:
The soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter of the self-driven active auxiliary network of the present invention comprises DC power supply, the first inverter bridge leg and the second inverter bridge leg, isolating transformer and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit that structure is identical; Wherein each inverter bridge leg comprises two switching tubes, two individual diodes and two parasitic capacitances, the drain electrode of the first switching tube respectively with the first body diode negative electrode, one end of the first parasitic capacitance connects and composes the positive input terminal of inverter bridge leg, the source electrode of the first switching tube respectively with the first body diode anode, the other end of the first parasitic capacitance, the drain electrode of second switch pipe, the second body diode negative electrode, one end of the second parasitic capacitance connects and composes the output of inverter bridge leg, the source electrode of second switch pipe respectively with the second body diode anode, the other end of the second parasitic capacitance connects and composes the negative input end of inverter bridge leg, the positive pole of DC power supply connects respectively the positive input terminal of the first inverter bridge leg and the second inverter bridge leg, the negative pole of DC power supply connects respectively the negative input end of the first inverter bridge leg and the second inverter bridge leg, the input of the output termination current rectifying and wave filtering circuit of isolating transformer secondary winding, the former limit of isolating transformer winding has a centre cap, it is characterized in that:
Also comprise the active auxiliary network that is consisted of by auxiliary brachium pontis, auxiliary transformer, auxiliary capacitor and auxiliary induction; Wherein auxiliary brachium pontis comprises two auxiliary switches and two booster diodes, the negative electrode that the drain electrode of the first auxiliary switch connects the first booster diode consists of the positive input terminal of assisting brachium pontis, the source electrode of the first auxiliary switch connects respectively the drain electrode of anode, second auxiliary switch of the first booster diode, the negative electrode of the second booster diode consists of the output of auxiliary brachium pontis, the anode that the source electrode of the second auxiliary switch connects the second booster diode consists of the negative input end of assisting brachium pontis, and the both positive and negative polarity of DC power supply connects respectively the positive-negative input end of auxiliary brachium pontis.The center tap terminal of the former limit of the input termination isolating transformer winding of the former limit of auxiliary transformer winding, the input of the output termination auxiliary capacitor of the former limit of auxiliary transformer winding, auxiliary transformer comprises two secondary windings that the number of turn is identical, wherein the input of the first secondary winding and the former limit of auxiliary transformer winding is the grid of a termination first auxiliary switch of different name end, the source electrode of another termination the first auxiliary switch of the first secondary winding, the input of the second secondary winding and the former limit of auxiliary transformer winding is the grid of a termination second auxiliary switch of Same Name of Ends, the source electrode of another termination the second auxiliary switch of the second secondary winding, the negative pole of the output termination DC power supply of auxiliary capacitor, the output of input termination second inverter bridge leg of auxiliary induction, the output of the output termination service bridge arm of auxiliary induction.
The present invention discloses the soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter of self-driven active auxiliary network, it can realize at wide loading range the zero voltage switch of switching tube, and elimination the parasitic oscillation of Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer.Comparing its technical characteristics with original technology is, utilize the secondary winding voltage of described auxiliary transformer as the driving voltage of auxiliary switch, control is simple, and auxiliary switch is operated in the zero current turning-on condition, the adaptive variation with the variation of load current of the driving voltage duty ratio of auxiliary switch, the energy that is stored in auxiliary induction can the adaptive variation with the variation of load, the pipe that can not only help to lag behind is realized soft switch when underloading even zero load, and reduced the conduction loss of auxiliary network when heavy duty, because isolating transformer leakage inductance value is little, the output rectifying tube reduces greatly because of the loss that oppositely recovers to cause, the voltage stress of output rectifying tube also reduces thereupon, and the efficient of converter is improved.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is traditional full-bridge converter of zero-voltage switch structural representation.
Accompanying drawing 2 is soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter electrical block diagrams of self-driven active auxiliary network of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter groundwork waveform schematic diagrames of self-driven active auxiliary network of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 4~accompanying drawing 10 is each switch mode schematic diagram of the soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter of self-driven active auxiliary network of the present invention.
Main designation in the above-mentioned accompanying drawing: V In, supply voltage.Q 1~Q 4, power switch pipe.C 1~C 4, parasitic capacitance.D 1~D 4, body diode.T RA, auxiliary transformer.C A, auxiliary capacitor.L a, auxiliary induction.Q A1~Q A2, auxiliary switch.D A1, D A2, booster diode.T R, isolating transformer.L k, the isolating transformer leakage inductance.D R1, D R2, output rectifier diode.L f, filter inductance.C f, filter capacitor.R Ld, load.V o, output voltage.v AB, A and B point-to-point transmission voltage.
Embodiment
Be elaborated below in conjunction with the technical scheme of accompanying drawing to invention:
Shown in the accompanying drawing 1 is traditional full-bridge converter of zero-voltage switch structural representation.
Shown in the accompanying drawing 2 is the soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter electrical block diagram of self-driven active auxiliary network.By DC power supply V In, two inverter bridge leg 1 and 2, auxiliary brachium pontis 3, isolating transformer 4, auxiliary transformer 5, auxiliary capacitor 6, auxiliary induction 7 and current rectifying and wave filtering circuits 8 form.Q 1~Q 4Four power switch pipes, D 1~D 4Respectively switching tube Q 1~Q 4Body diode, C 1~C 4Respectively switching tube Q 1~Q 4Parasitic capacitance, T RAAuxiliary transformer, n AThe former secondary turn ratio of auxiliary transformer, L aAuxiliary induction, C AAuxiliary capacitor, T RIsolating transformer, L kThe leakage inductance of isolating transformer, Q A1~Q A2, auxiliary switch, D A1, D A2Booster diode, D R1, D R2The output rectifier diode, L fOutput inductor, C fOutput filter capacitor, R LdBe load.This converter using phase shifting control, switching tube Q 4And Q 2Lag behind respectively switching tube Q 1And Q 3A phase place claims switching tube Q 1And Q 3The first inverter bridge leg that forms is leading-bridge, switching tube Q 2And Q 4The second inverter bridge leg that forms then is lagging leg.The driving signal of auxiliary switch is provided by two secondary windings of auxiliary transformer, and the driving signal of two auxiliary switches is opposite.Auxiliary capacitor C AVoltage be input voltage V InHalf, i.e. v CA=V In/ 2, can see V as In/ 2 voltage source.
The below is take accompanying drawing 2 as main circuit structure, and 3~accompanying drawing 10 is narrated specific works principle of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.By accompanying drawing 3 as can be known switch periods of whole converter 14 kinds of switch mode are arranged, be respectively [t 0-t 1], [t 1-t 2], [t 2-t 3], [t 3-t 4], [t 4-t 5], [t 5-t 6], [t 6-t 7], [t 7-t 8], [t 8-t 9], [t 9-t 10], [t 10-t 11], [t 11-t 12], [t 12-t 13], [t 13-t 14] wherein, [t 0-t 7] be the front half period, [t 7-t 14] be the later half cycle.The below makes a concrete analysis of the working condition of each switch mode.
Before analyzing, make the following assumptions first: 1. all switching tubes and diode are desirable device; 2. filter inductance is enough large, so secondary output can equivalence be constant-current source, and all inductance, electric capacity are ideal element; 3. C 1=C 3=C Lead, C 2=C 4=C Lag
1. switch mode 1[t 0-t 1] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 4]
At t 0Constantly, Q 1And Q 4Conducting, Q 2And Q 3Cut-off, primary current is approximate constant, v AB=V In, upper rectifier diode D R1Flow through whole load currents, D R2Cut-off, former limit powering load.t 0Constantly turn-off Q 1, current i pFrom Q 1In transfer to C 1And C 3In the branch road, v ABBy V InGradually become zero, in this period, be stored in L kAnd L fIn energy to C 1C is given in charging simultaneously 3Discharge.At C 1And C 3Buffering under, Q 1Approximate zero voltage turn-offs.Because primary current is approximate constant, at t 1Constantly, C 3Voltage linear drop to zero, Q 3Anti-paralleled diode D 3The nature conducting, Q 3Can realize that no-voltage is open-minded.The duration of this mode can be expressed as:
t 01 = 2 C lead V in I o / K - - - ( 1 )
Wherein: K is the former secondary turn ratio of isolating transformer
2. switch mode 2[t 1-t 2] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 5]
D 3After the conducting, open Q 3, Q 1And Q 3Drive the Dead Time t between the signal D (lead)>t 01A point current potential drops to zero, so v AB=0, former limit does not provide energy to load.This moment, auxiliary transformer secondary winding voltage was V In/ 2n A, auxiliary switch Q A1The grid source electrode bears forward voltage V In/ 2n AAnd conducting, the auxiliary induction electric current is zero before this, under the buffering of auxiliary induction, this moment auxiliary switch Q A1Approximate zero current turning-on, auxiliary switch Q A2The grid source electrode bears reverse voltage-V In/ 2n AAnd end, this moment i LaThe increase of starting from scratch, the auxiliary induction electric current can be expressed as:
i La ( t ) = V in L a ( t - t 1 ) - - - ( 2 )
t 2Constantly, auxiliary induction L aThe energy that stores can be expressed as:
E La = 1 2 L a · I La 2 = V in 2 ( 1 - D ) 2 T s 2 8 L a - - - ( 3 )
In the formula: D is the circuit working duty ratio, T sThe expression switch periods.
As can be seen from the above equation, auxiliary induction L aThe energy that stores depends on the size of auxiliary induction, input voltage and circuit working duty ratio D.Energy and load current that auxiliary induction stores have certain relation, when load current reduces, circuit working duty ratio D is also along with reducing, and the energy that auxiliary induction stores increases on the contrary, so the energy that auxiliary induction stores can the adaptive variation along with the variation of load current.
3. switch mode 3[t 2-t 3] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 6]
At t 2Constantly turn-off Q 4, flow into the electric current of lagging leg to C 4C is given in charging simultaneously 2Discharge, Q 4For no-voltage is turn-offed.Primary current descends, and is not enough to provide load current, secondary rectifying tube D R1, D R2Simultaneously conducting, transformer primary, secondary winding terminal voltage all are zero, v ABDirectly be added in isolating transformer leakage inductance L kOn.Leakage inductance L k, auxiliary induction L aWith capacitor C 2, C 4Resonance work.Primary current i p, auxiliary current i La, and switching tube Q 4The voltage at two ends can be expressed as:
i p ( t ) = I o K + ( I La + I o / K ) L a L a + L k [ cos ( ω r ( t - t 2 ) ) - 1 ] - - - ( 4 )
i La ( t ) = I La + ( I La + I o / K ) L k L a + L k [ cos ( ω r ( t - t 2 ) ) - 1 ] - - - ( 5 )
v c 4 ( t ) = ( I La + I o / K ) L a L k 2 C lag ( L a + L k ) sin ( ω r ( t - t 2 ) ) - - - ( 6 )
Wherein, I LaBe t 2The initial value of moment auxiliary current, ω r = L a + L k 2 C lag L a L k .
t 3Constantly, C 2On voltage drop be zero, C 4On voltage rise to V In, D 2The nature conducting.
4. switch mode 4[t 3-t 4] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 7]
D 2After the conducting, can no-voltage open Q 2Q 2, Q 4Drive the Dead Time t between the signal D (lag)>t 23Q 2After opening, v AB=-V InThe still simultaneously conducting of secondary two rectifying tubes this moment, so the transformer primary side winding voltage is zero, input voltage V InDirectly be added in leakage inductance L kOn, primary current i pLinearity reduces rear reverse increase.And auxiliary induction bears reverse voltage-V at this moment In, auxiliary current i LaLinearity reduces.Until t 4Constantly, auxiliary induction is not enough to provide primary current, D 2Naturally turn-off Q 2The beginning current flowing.
5. switch mode 5[t 4-t 5] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 8]
Primary current i pOppositely continue to increase auxiliary current i LaContinue to reduce, two rectifier diodes are simultaneously conducting still.This moment, primary current was provided jointly by DC power supply and auxiliary current.
6. switch mode 6[t 5-t 6] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 9]
At t 5Constantly, primary current reaches the load current after the conversion, i.e. i p=-I o/ K, D R1Turn-off D R2Flow through whole load currents.Auxiliary current still linearity reduces.
7. switch mode 7[t 6-t 7] [corresponding to accompanying drawing 10]
t 6Constantly, auxiliary induction electric current linearity is reduced to zero, and this moment, DC power supply provided energy to load separately.
t 7Constantly, Q 3Turn-off, converter begins another half period, and its working condition is similar to above-mentioned half period [t 0-t 7], repeat no more here.
Can learn that from above description the soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter of the self-driven active auxiliary network that the present invention proposes has the advantage of following several respects:
1) auxiliary switch adopts self-driven scheme, and control is simple, is easy to realize.
2) can in wide loading range, realize the zero voltage switch of lagging leg switching tube, and the energy that is stored in auxiliary network is with the adaptive variation of load.
3) auxiliary network that increases can effectively suppress to export due to voltage spikes and voltage oscillation on the rectifying tube so that the leakage inductance value is very little, reduces the voltage stress of output rectifier diode.
4) improve converter condition of work when underloading, improve the reliability of system, alleviate EMI.

Claims (2)

1. the soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter of self-driven active auxiliary network comprises DC power supply (V In), the first inverter bridge leg (1) and the second inverter bridge leg (2), isolating transformer (4) and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit (8) that structure is identical; Wherein each inverter bridge leg comprises two switching tubes, two individual diodes and two parasitic capacitances, the drain electrode of the first switching tube respectively with the first body diode negative electrode, one end of the first parasitic capacitance connects and composes the positive input terminal of inverter bridge leg, the source electrode of the first switching tube respectively with the first body diode anode, the other end of the first parasitic capacitance, the drain electrode of second switch pipe, the second body diode negative electrode, one end of the second parasitic capacitance connects and composes the output of inverter bridge leg, the source electrode of second switch pipe respectively with the second body diode anode, the other end of the second parasitic capacitance connects and composes the negative input end of inverter bridge leg, DC power supply (V In) positive pole connect respectively the positive input terminal of the first inverter bridge leg (1) and the second inverter bridge leg (2), DC power supply (V In) negative pole connect respectively the negative input end of the first inverter bridge leg (1) and the second inverter bridge leg (2), the input of the output termination current rectifying and wave filtering circuit (8) of isolating transformer (4) secondary winding, the former limit of isolating transformer (4) winding has a centre cap, it is characterized in that:
Also comprise the active auxiliary network that is consisted of by auxiliary brachium pontis (3), auxiliary transformer (5), auxiliary capacitor (6) and auxiliary induction (7); Wherein auxiliary brachium pontis (3) comprises two auxiliary switches and two booster diodes, the negative electrode that the drain electrode of the first auxiliary switch connects the first booster diode consists of the positive input terminal of assisting brachium pontis, the source electrode of the first auxiliary switch connects respectively the drain electrode of anode, second auxiliary switch of the first booster diode, the negative electrode of the second booster diode consists of the output of auxiliary brachium pontis, the anode that the source electrode of the second auxiliary switch connects the second booster diode consists of the negative input end of assisting brachium pontis, and the both positive and negative polarity of DC power supply connects respectively the positive-negative input end of auxiliary brachium pontis.The center tap terminal of the former limit of input termination isolating transformer (4) winding of the former limit of auxiliary transformer (5) winding, the input of the output termination auxiliary capacitor (6) of the former limit of auxiliary transformer (5) winding, auxiliary transformer (5) comprises two secondary windings that the number of turn is identical, wherein the input of the first secondary winding and the former limit of auxiliary transformer winding is the grid of a termination first auxiliary switch of different name end, the source electrode of another termination the first auxiliary switch of the first secondary winding, the input of the second secondary winding and the former limit of auxiliary transformer winding is the grid of a termination second auxiliary switch of Same Name of Ends, the source electrode of another termination the second auxiliary switch of the second secondary winding, the output termination DC power supply (V of auxiliary capacitor (6) In) negative pole, the output of input termination second inverter bridge leg of auxiliary induction (7), the output of the output termination service bridge arm of auxiliary induction (7).
2. the soft switching full-bridge direct-current converter of self-driven active auxiliary network as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, two secondary umber of turn N of described auxiliary transformer S1=N S2, and former secondary turn ratio n A=N P1/ N S1=N P1/ N S2Need satisfy the driving requirement of auxiliary switch.
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CN104218837A (en) * 2013-06-03 2014-12-17 英飞凌科技奥地利有限公司 Methods and Systems for Converting a DC-Voltage to an AC-Voltage
CN104600995A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-05-06 联合汽车电子有限公司 Control method for full bridge synchronous rectifying circuit
CN104868752A (en) * 2014-12-12 2015-08-26 武汉绿鼎天舒科技发展有限公司 High-efficiency multifunctional lighting device
CN104917408A (en) * 2014-12-12 2015-09-16 武汉绿鼎天舒科技发展有限公司 Multifunctional desk lamp
CN105680699A (en) * 2016-01-22 2016-06-15 东南大学 Efficient DC converter suitable for new energy DC grid connection and control method of efficient DC converter
WO2022262702A1 (en) * 2021-06-15 2022-12-22 深圳市新思电能科技有限责任公司 Dc-dc converter and power supply device

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CN104218837A (en) * 2013-06-03 2014-12-17 英飞凌科技奥地利有限公司 Methods and Systems for Converting a DC-Voltage to an AC-Voltage
CN104218837B (en) * 2013-06-03 2017-04-12 英飞凌科技奥地利有限公司 Methods and Systems for Converting a DC-Voltage to an AC-Voltage
CN104868752A (en) * 2014-12-12 2015-08-26 武汉绿鼎天舒科技发展有限公司 High-efficiency multifunctional lighting device
CN104917408A (en) * 2014-12-12 2015-09-16 武汉绿鼎天舒科技发展有限公司 Multifunctional desk lamp
CN104600995A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-05-06 联合汽车电子有限公司 Control method for full bridge synchronous rectifying circuit
CN105680699A (en) * 2016-01-22 2016-06-15 东南大学 Efficient DC converter suitable for new energy DC grid connection and control method of efficient DC converter
CN105680699B (en) * 2016-01-22 2018-02-23 东南大学 Suitable for new energy direct current grid-connected High Efficiency DC Converter and its control method
WO2022262702A1 (en) * 2021-06-15 2022-12-22 深圳市新思电能科技有限责任公司 Dc-dc converter and power supply device

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