CN102928808A - Power consumer on-site electric energy meter fault remote judging method - Google Patents
Power consumer on-site electric energy meter fault remote judging method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种电力用户现场电能表故障远程判定方法，主要包括主站中心计算机通过远程通信实时接收电力用户现场电能表运行参数采集系统采集并发送的电能表的电压、电流参数值和主站中心计算机接收到电能表的电压、电流参数值后，通过其内置的程序进行分析处理，通过将接收到的实时电压、电流参数值与电能表的额定电压、电流值乘以不同的系数后所得值进行比较，结合电压、电流持续时间，按照不同的组合判定电能表是否产生失压、失流或断相故障。本发明判断电能表故障及时方便，能最大限度地避免电量差错的发生，提高了电能计量管理水平，减少电量追补纠纷，替代传统的人工现场检测校验方法从而节省人力物力，提高企业的经济效益。
The present invention provides a method for remote determination of electric energy meter faults on the site of electric power users. After the central computer receives the voltage and current parameter values of the electric energy meter, it analyzes and processes it through its built-in program, and obtains by multiplying the received real-time voltage and current parameter values with the rated voltage and current values of the electric energy meter by different coefficients Values are compared, combined with the voltage and current duration, according to different combinations to determine whether the energy meter has a voltage loss, current loss or phase failure fault. The invention is timely and convenient for judging the failure of the electric energy meter, can avoid the occurrence of electric energy errors to the greatest extent, improves the management level of electric energy measurement, reduces disputes over electric energy replenishment, replaces the traditional manual on-site detection and verification method, thereby saving manpower and material resources, and improving the economic benefits of the enterprise .
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及电能计量装置的故障判定方法，具体涉及一种对电力用户现场的电能表故障远程进行判定的方法。 The invention relates to a fault judging method of an electric energy metering device, in particular to a method for remotely judging a fault of an electric energy meter at a power user site.
背景技术 Background technique
电能表运行中常见的故障有失压、失流和断相等。在三相供电系统中，发生失压故障时若电能表的工作电压在额定电压的60%到78%之间时，电能表还能计量，但计量不准确；当电能表的工作电压低于额定电压的60%时，电能表将不计量。当电能表发生断相故障时，表计将不计量。发生失流故障时，失流的状态可能是正常用电造成，也可能是非正常用电造成，但都是非常态的，当发生某相失流时，该相将不计量。电力用户现场的电能表的是否出现故障，传统的方法是依赖人工到现场对电能表进行检测校验并对是否出现故障予以判定。这种模式至少存在以下不足：一是目前供电公司因人力问题现场校验通常只对容量在315千伏安以上的用户进行，且周期为三个月到一年，一旦发现问题常因间隔时间太长给差错电量的认定和追补造成困难；二是人工现场校验需要用户提供配合，如用户存在主观性违约用电或窃电的情况难以发现；三是人工现场校验中即使发现计量异常，但由于对故障发生的时间、故障期间的实际负荷等常因缺乏有效可信的技术数据，造成电量追补的困难；四是人工现场校验的数据存在一定的片面性；五是由于电力用户数量众多，人工检测校验耗费大量人力和物力。 The common faults in the operation of the electric energy meter include voltage loss, current loss and phase failure. In the three-phase power supply system, if the working voltage of the electric energy meter is between 60% and 78% of the rated voltage when a voltage loss occurs, the electric energy meter can still measure, but the measurement is not accurate; when the working voltage of the electric energy meter is lower than When the rated voltage is 60%, the energy meter will not measure. When a phase failure occurs on the electric energy meter, the meter will not measure. When a current loss fault occurs, the state of the current loss may be caused by normal power consumption or abnormal power consumption, but they are all abnormal. When a phase loss occurs, the phase will not be metered. Whether there is a fault in the electric energy meter at the electric power user site, the traditional method is to rely on manual inspection and verification of the electric energy meter on site and determine whether there is a fault. This mode has at least the following deficiencies: First, the current on-site verification of the power supply company due to manpower problems is usually only performed on users with a capacity of more than 315 kVA, and the cycle is three months to one year. Once a problem is found, it is often due to the interval Too long will make it difficult to identify and recover the wrong electricity; second, the manual on-site verification requires the cooperation of the user, and it is difficult to find out if the user has subjective breach of contract or electricity theft; third, even if an abnormal measurement is found during the manual on-site verification , but due to the lack of effective and credible technical data on the time of the fault and the actual load during the fault, it is difficult to replenish the power; the fourth is that the data of manual on-site verification is somewhat one-sided; the fifth is due to the number of power users Many, manual inspection and verification consume a lot of manpower and material resources. the
目前，随着智能电网的构建、智能电表的推广和技术的不断发展，对电能表的数据进行实时采集、在远程对采集的数据进行分析判断进而对电能表是否出现故障进行判定以成为可能。如公开号为CN 101162264A、发明名称为“电能计量装置远程校验监测系统”的中国专利文献，其提出了通过远程通信对电能计量装置进行校验监测，但未提出如何对电能计量装置的故障具体的判定方法；又如公开号为CN 1368777A、发明名称为“电能表数据远程监测系统”的中国专利文献，其提出了对电能表进行远程数据采集的方案，主要解决了远程抄表问题，但未涉及电能表的故障判定。 At present, with the construction of smart grid, the promotion of smart meters and the continuous development of technology, it is possible to collect the data of the electric energy meter in real time, analyze and judge the collected data remotely, and then judge whether the electric energy meter is faulty. For example, the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN 101162264A and the invention name "Remote Calibration and Monitoring System for Electric Energy Metering Devices" proposes to verify and monitor the electric energy metering devices through remote communication, but does not propose how to troubleshoot the electric energy metering devices. Concrete determination method; Another example is the Chinese patent document whose publication number is CN 1368777A, and the title of invention is "electric energy meter data remote monitoring system", which proposes a scheme for remote data acquisition of electric energy meter, which mainly solves the problem of remote meter reading. But it does not involve the fault judgment of the electric energy meter.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是：克服现有技术的不足，提供一种电力用户现场电能表故障远程判定方法，通过远程监视电能表的运行状况，及时发现电能表运行中的故障、新投运电能表的接线错误以及窃电行为，从而尽可能地避免电量差错的发生。 The purpose of the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a remote judgment method for electric energy meter faults on the site of electric power users, through remote monitoring of the operation status of the electric energy meter, in time to find faults in the operation of the electric energy meter Miswiring and electricity theft, so as to avoid the occurrence of electricity errors as much as possible.
本发明的技术方案是：本发明的电力用户现场电能表故障远程判定方法，包括如下步骤： The technical solution of the present invention is: the remote determination method for electric energy meter failure of electric power users in the present invention, comprising the following steps:
第一步：主站中心计算机通过远程通信实时接收电力用户现场电能表运行参数采集系统采集并发送的电能表的电压、电流参数值； The first step: the central computer of the main station receives the voltage and current parameter values of the electric energy meter collected and sent by the electric energy meter operation parameter acquisition system of the electric power user's on-site electric energy meter through remote communication in real time;
第二步：主站中心计算机接收到电能表的电压、电流参数值后，通过其内置的程序按照以下步骤判定相应的电能表是否产生失压、失流或断相故障： Step 2: After the central computer of the main station receives the voltage and current parameter values of the electric energy meter, it judges whether the corresponding electric energy meter has a voltage loss, current loss or phase failure through its built-in program according to the following steps:
①将接收的电能表的每相电流值和电能表的额定电流与0.5%的乘积值相比较，若某相电流值小于或等于0.5%额定电流值，则判定未发生失压故障；若某相电流值大于0.5%额定电流值，则进入下一步； ①Compare the current value of each phase of the received electric energy meter with the product value of the rated current of the electric energy meter and 0.5%. If the phase current value is greater than 0.5% of the rated current value, enter the next step;
②将接收的该相电压值和电能表的额定电压与78%的乘积值相比较，若该相电压值大于或等于78%额定电压值，则判定未发生失压故障；若该相电压值小于78%额定电压值；则进入下一步； ②Compare the received voltage value of this phase with the product value of 78% of the rated voltage of the electric energy meter. Less than 78% of the rated voltage value; enter the next step;
③对该相电压值小于78%额定电压值的持续时间进行判断，若持续时间小于或等于1分钟，则判定未发生失压故障；若持续时间大于1分钟，则判定该电能表发生失压故障； ③ Judging the duration of the phase voltage value less than 78% of the rated voltage value, if the duration is less than or equal to 1 minute, it is determined that no voltage loss fault has occurred; if the duration is greater than 1 minute, it is determined that the electric energy meter has a voltage loss Fault;
④将接收的电能表的每相电压值和电能表的额定电压与60%的乘积值相比较，若每相电压值均小于或等于60%额定电压，则判定电能表未发生失流故障；若每相电压值均大于60%额定电压，则进入下一步； ④ Compare the voltage value of each phase of the received electric energy meter with the product value of the rated voltage of the electric energy meter and 60%. If the voltage value of each phase is less than or equal to 60% of the rated voltage, it is determined that the electric energy meter has no current loss fault; If the voltage value of each phase is greater than 60% of the rated voltage, enter the next step;
⑤将接收的电能表的每相电流值和电能表的额定电流与0.5%的乘积值相比较，若三相电流值均大于0.5%额定电流值，则判定未发生失流故障；若任一相或两相电流值小于0.5%额定电流值，则进入下一步； ⑤ Compare the current value of each phase of the received electric energy meter with the product value of the rated current of the electric energy meter and 0.5%. If the phase or two-phase current value is less than 0.5% of the rated current value, enter the next step;
⑥将电能表的另两相或一相电流值和电能表的额定电流与5%的乘积值相比较，若另两相或一相电流值小于或等于5%额定电流，则判定电能表未发生失流故障；若另两相或一相电流值大于5%额定电流值，则进入下一步； ⑥ Compare the current value of the other two phases or one phase of the electric energy meter with the product value of the rated current of the electric energy meter and 5%. If the current value of the other two phases or one phase is less than or equal to 5% of the rated current, it is determined that the electric energy meter is not A current loss fault occurs; if the current value of the other two phases or one phase is greater than 5% of the rated current value, enter the next step;
⑦对电能表该另两相或一相电流值大于5%额定电流值的持续时间进行判断，若持续时间小于或等于1分钟，则判定未发生失流故障；若持续时间大于1分钟，则判定该电能表发生失流故障； ⑦Judge the duration of the other two phases or one phase current value greater than 5% of the rated current value of the electric energy meter. If the duration is less than or equal to 1 minute, it is determined that no current loss fault has occurred; if the duration is greater than 1 minute, then It is determined that the electric energy meter has a current loss fault;
⑧将接收的每相电压值和电能表的额定电压与60%的乘积值相比较，若每相电压值均大于或等于60%额定电压值，则判定电能表未发生断相故障；若任一相电压值小于60%额定电压值，则进入下一步； ⑧Comparing the received voltage value of each phase with the rated voltage of the electric energy meter and the product value of 60%, if the voltage value of each phase is greater than or equal to 60% of the rated voltage value, it is determined that the electric energy meter has no phase failure; if any If the voltage value of one phase is less than 60% of the rated voltage value, enter the next step;
⑨将接收的电能表该相电流值和额定电流与0.5%的乘积值相比较，若该相电流值大于或等于0.5%额定电流值，则判定未发生断相故障；若该相电流值小于0.5%额定电流值，则进入下一步； ⑨Compare the phase current value of the received electric energy meter with the product value of the rated current and 0.5%. If the phase current value is greater than or equal to 0.5% of the rated current value, it is determined that no phase failure has occurred; if the phase current value is less than 0.5% of the rated current value, enter the next step;
⑩对电能表该相电流值小于0.5%额定电流值的持续时间进行判断，若持续时间小于或等于1分钟，则判定未发生断相故障；若持续时间大于1分钟，则判定该电能表发生断相故障。 ⑩Judge the duration of the phase current value of the electric energy meter less than 0.5% of the rated current value. If the duration is less than or equal to 1 minute, it is determined that no phase failure has occurred; if the duration is greater than 1 minute, it is determined that the electric energy meter has Phase failure.
本发明具有积极的效果：（1）本发明通过远程在线实时采集电力用户现场电能表运行中的电压、电流等参数，在后台进行分析处理，能及时发现电能表运行中表计、互感器、回路的有关故障、新投运计量装置的接线错误和窃电行为，从而能最大限度地避免电量差错的发生，减少供电公司的经济损失，提高供电企业经济效益和管理现代化水平。（2）当电能表计量异常时，由于有实时数据支撑，电量追补相对方便。（3）采用本发明的电能表故障远程判定方法，较大幅度地提高了电能表故障发现和处理的及时性，从而提高了电能计量管理水平，减少电量追补纠纷。（4）代替传统的人工现场检测校验方法，节省大量的人力物力，减轻了劳动强度，提高了工作效率，有利于降损增效，提高企业的经济效益。 The present invention has positive effects: (1) The present invention collects parameters such as voltage and current in the operation of electric energy meters on the spot of electric power users online in real time, analyzes and processes them in the background, and can timely discover meters, transformers, The failure of the circuit, the wiring error of the newly put into operation metering device and the stealing behavior, so as to avoid the occurrence of power error to the greatest extent, reduce the economic loss of the power supply company, and improve the economic efficiency and management modernization level of the power supply company. (2) When the measurement of the electric energy meter is abnormal, due to the support of real-time data, it is relatively convenient to replenish the electricity. (3) Adopting the remote judgment method of the electric energy meter fault of the present invention greatly improves the timeliness of finding and processing electric energy meter faults, thereby improving the management level of electric energy metering and reducing disputes over electricity replenishment. (4) Instead of the traditional manual on-site inspection and calibration method, it saves a lot of manpower and material resources, reduces labor intensity, improves work efficiency, is conducive to reducing losses and increasing efficiency, and improving the economic benefits of enterprises.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明的远程数据采集的一种系统结构示意图； Fig. 1 is a kind of system structural representation of remote data collection of the present invention;
图2为本发明的远程数据采集的另一种系统结构示意图； Fig. 2 is another kind of system structural representation of remote data collection of the present invention;
图3为本发明的远程数据采集的第三种系统结构示意图； Fig. 3 is the third kind of system structure diagram of remote data acquisition of the present invention;
图4为本发明的对电能表失压故障的判定流程图； Fig. 4 is the judging flow chart of the present invention to electric energy meter voltage loss fault;
图5为本发明的对电能表失流故障的判定流程图； Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the present invention for judging the loss of electric energy meter fault;
图6为本发明的对电能表断相故障的判定流程图。 Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the present invention for judging phase failure of electric energy meters.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
（实施例1） (Example 1)
本实施例的电力用户现场电能表故障远程判定方法，主要包括通过电能表运行参数采集系统采集电能表的电压、电流等参数值并传输给主站中心计算机和主站中心计算机分析处理两个主要步骤。电能表参数采集可采取三种模式： The method for remote determination of electric energy meter faults on the site of electric power users in this embodiment mainly includes collecting the voltage, current and other parameter values of the electric energy meter through the electric energy meter operation parameter acquisition system and transmitting them to the central computer of the main station and the central computer of the main station for analysis and processing. step. There are three modes for energy meter parameter collection:
见图1，第一种电能表运行参数采集系统由集中抄表终端和RS485智能电能表组成。本实施例中，集中抄表终端选用深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司生产的型号为DCGL14-CL195的集中抄表终端，该型集中抄表终端具有收集、处理、存储电能表数据的功能，该型集中抄表终端通过RS-485接口与RS485电能表进行通信，采集并存储电能表的电压、电流等数据，通过GPRS无线公网、CDMA、以太网等公共网络与主站中心计算机远程通信进行数据交换，将采集到的电能表的电压、电流等数据远程传输给主站中心计算机。集中抄表终端的数量可根据电能表数量的多少等实际需要相应进行设置。 As shown in Figure 1, the first energy meter operation parameter acquisition system consists of a centralized meter reading terminal and an RS485 smart energy meter. In this embodiment, the centralized meter reading terminal chooses the centralized meter reading terminal model DCGL14-CL195 produced by Shenzhen Kelu Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. This type of centralized meter reading terminal has the functions of collecting, processing and storing electric energy meter data. This type of centralized meter reading terminal communicates with the RS485 electric energy meter through the RS-485 interface, collects and stores the voltage, current and other data of the electric energy meter, and remotely communicates with the central computer of the main station through GPRS wireless public network, CDMA, Ethernet and other public networks Carry out data exchange, and remotely transmit the collected data such as voltage and current of the electric energy meter to the central computer of the main station. The number of centralized meter reading terminals can be set according to actual needs such as the number of electric energy meters.
见图2，第二种电能表运行参数采集系统以配变台区为单元，由RS485电能表、电表采集器和集中器组成。本实施例中，电表采集器的型号优选深圳浩宁达仪表股份有限公司生产的DCZL13-HND22型号的电表采集器；集中器的型号优选深圳浩宁达仪表股份有限公司生产的DJGZ23-HND22型号的集中器。电表采集器通过RS485方式与RS485电能表进行通信，采集RS485电能表的电压、电流等数据，然后通过电力载波线将采集的数据传输给集中器存储。集中器通过GPRS/CDMA等公网与主站中心计算机通信，将存储的电能表数据远程传输给主站中心计算机。 As shown in Figure 2, the second energy meter operation parameter acquisition system takes the distribution transformer area as the unit and consists of RS485 energy meters, energy meter collectors and concentrators. In this embodiment, the model of the electric meter collector is preferably the electric meter collector of the DCZL13-HND22 model produced by Shenzhen Haoningda Instrument Co., Ltd.; the preferred model of the concentrator is the DJGZ23-HND22 model produced by Shenzhen Haoningda Instrument Co., Ltd. Concentrator. The energy meter collector communicates with the RS485 energy meter through RS485, collects data such as voltage and current of the RS485 energy meter, and then transmits the collected data to the concentrator through the power carrier line for storage. The concentrator communicates with the central computer of the main station through public networks such as GPRS/CDMA, and remotely transmits the stored electric energy meter data to the central computer of the main station.
见图3，第三种电能表运行参数采集系统为直接采用具有远程通信功能的GPRS智能电能表。本实施例中，GPRS智能电能表优选宁波三星电气股份有限公司公司生产的DTZY188-G型号的智能电能表，该型智能电能表直接将采集的电压、电流等数据通过GPRS/CDMA公网传输给主站中心计算机。 As shown in Figure 3, the third type of energy meter operation parameter collection system is to directly use GPRS smart energy meters with remote communication functions. In this embodiment, the GPRS smart energy meter is preferably the smart energy meter of the DTZY188-G model produced by Ningbo Samsung Electric Co., Ltd., and this type of smart energy meter directly transmits data such as voltage and current collected by GPRS/CDMA public network to Master station central computer.
主站中心计算机接收到远程采集的电能表信息后，通过其内置的程序自动进行综合分析，以判定相应的电能表是否产生失压、失流或断相故障。其对失压、失流和断相三种故障的判定方法如下： After the central computer of the master station receives the information of the electric energy meter collected remotely, it automatically conducts a comprehensive analysis through its built-in program to determine whether the corresponding electric energy meter has a failure of voltage loss, current loss or phase failure. The judgment methods for the three faults of voltage loss, current loss and phase failure are as follows:
见图4，电能表失压故障的判定方法包括以下步骤： As shown in Figure 4, the method for judging the loss of voltage fault of the electric energy meter includes the following steps:
①将接收的电能表的每相电流值和电能表的额定电流与0.5%的乘积值相比较，若某相电流值小于或等于0.5%额定电流值，则判定未发生失压故障；若某相电流值大于0.5%额定电流值，则进入下一步； ①Compare the current value of each phase of the received electric energy meter with the product value of the rated current of the electric energy meter and 0.5%. If the phase current value is greater than 0.5% of the rated current value, enter the next step;
②将接收的该相电压值和电能表的额定电压与78%的乘积值相比较，若该相电压值大于或等于78%额定电压值，则判定未发生失压故障；若该相电压值小于78%额定电压值；则进入下一步； ②Compare the received voltage value of this phase with the product value of 78% of the rated voltage of the electric energy meter. Less than 78% of the rated voltage value; enter the next step;
③对该相电压值小于78%额定电压值的持续时间进行判断，若持续时间小于或等于1分钟（min），则判定未发生失压故障；若持续时间大于1分钟（min），则判定该电能表发生失压故障。 ③Judge the duration of the phase voltage value less than 78% of the rated voltage value. If the duration is less than or equal to 1 minute (min), it is judged that no voltage loss fault has occurred; if the duration is greater than 1 minute (min), it is judged The energy meter has lost voltage fault.
见图5，电能表失流故障的判定方法包括以下步骤： As shown in Figure 5, the method for judging the loss of current fault of the electric energy meter includes the following steps:
④将接收的电能表的每相电压值和电能表的额定电压与60%的乘积值相比较，若每相电压值均小于或等于60%额定电压，则判定电能表未发生失流故障；若每相电压值均大于60%额定电压，则进入下一步； ④ Compare the voltage value of each phase of the received electric energy meter with the product value of the rated voltage of the electric energy meter and 60%. If the voltage value of each phase is less than or equal to 60% of the rated voltage, it is determined that the electric energy meter has no current loss fault; If the voltage value of each phase is greater than 60% of the rated voltage, enter the next step;
⑤将接收的电能表的每相电流值和电能表的额定电流与0.5%的乘积值相比较，若三相电流值均大于0.5%额定电流值，则判定未发生失流故障；若任一相或两相电流值小于0.5%额定电流值，则进入下一步； ⑤ Compare the current value of each phase of the received electric energy meter with the product value of the rated current of the electric energy meter and 0.5%. If the phase or two-phase current value is less than 0.5% of the rated current value, enter the next step;
⑥将电能表的另两相或一相电流值和电能表的额定电流与5%的乘积值相比较，若另两相或一相电流值小于或等于5%额定电流，则判定电能表未发生失流故障；若另两相或一相电流值大于5%额定电流值，则进入下一步； ⑥ Compare the current value of the other two phases or one phase of the electric energy meter with the product value of the rated current of the electric energy meter and 5%. If the current value of the other two phases or one phase is less than or equal to 5% of the rated current, it is determined that the electric energy meter is not A current loss fault occurs; if the current value of the other two phases or one phase is greater than 5% of the rated current value, enter the next step;
⑦对电能表该另两相或一相电流值大于5%额定电流值的持续时间进行判断，若持续时间小于或等于1分钟（min），则判定未发生失流故障；若持续时间大于1分钟（min），则判定该电能表发生失流故障。 ⑦Judge the duration of the other two phases or one phase current value greater than 5% of the rated current value of the electric energy meter. If the duration is less than or equal to 1 minute (min), it is determined that no current loss fault has occurred; if the duration is greater than 1 Minutes (min), it is determined that the electric energy meter has a current loss fault.
见图6，电能表断相故障的判定方法包括以下步骤：断相的判断， As shown in Figure 6, the method for judging the open-phase fault of the electric energy meter includes the following steps: the judgment of the open-phase,
⑧将接收的每相电压值和电能表的额定电压与60%的乘积值相比较，若每相电压值均大于或等于60%额定电压值，则判定电能表未发生断相故障；若任一相电压值小于60%额定电压值，则进入下一步； ⑧Comparing the received voltage value of each phase with the rated voltage of the electric energy meter and the product value of 60%, if the voltage value of each phase is greater than or equal to 60% of the rated voltage value, it is determined that the electric energy meter has no phase failure; if any If the voltage value of one phase is less than 60% of the rated voltage value, enter the next step;
⑨将接收的电能表该相电流值和额定电流与0.5%的乘积值相比较，若该相电流值大于或等于0.5%额定电流值，则判定未发生断相故障；若该相电流值小于0.5%额定电流值，则进入下一步； ⑨Compare the phase current value of the received electric energy meter with the product value of the rated current and 0.5%. If the phase current value is greater than or equal to 0.5% of the rated current value, it is determined that no phase failure has occurred; if the phase current value is less than 0.5% of the rated current value, enter the next step;
⑩对电能表该相电流值小于0.5%额定电流值的持续时间进行判断，若持续时间小于或等于1分钟（min），则判定未发生断相故障；若持续时间大于1分钟（min），则判定该电能表发生断相故障。 ⑩Judge the duration of the phase current value of the electric energy meter less than 0.5% of the rated current value. If the duration is less than or equal to 1 minute (min), it is determined that no phase failure has occurred; if the duration is greater than 1 minute (min), Then it is determined that the electric energy meter has a phase-open fault.
以上实施例是对本发明的具体实施方式的说明，而非对本发明的限制，有关技术领域的技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变换和变化而得到相对应的等同的技术方案，因此所有等同的技术方案均应该归入本发明的专利保护范围。 The above embodiments are descriptions of specific implementations of the present invention, rather than limitations of the present invention. Those skilled in the relevant technical fields can also make various transformations and changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Corresponding equivalent technical solutions, therefore all equivalent technical solutions should fall into the patent protection scope of the present invention.
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