CN102906285A - Additive composition for metal sintering - Google Patents
Additive composition for metal sintering Download PDFInfo
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- CN102906285A CN102906285A CN2011800261650A CN201180026165A CN102906285A CN 102906285 A CN102906285 A CN 102906285A CN 2011800261650 A CN2011800261650 A CN 2011800261650A CN 201180026165 A CN201180026165 A CN 201180026165A CN 102906285 A CN102906285 A CN 102906285A
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- Prior art keywords
- compound
- magnesium
- sintering
- alkali metal
- oxide
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/20—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates
- C22B1/205—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates regulation of the sintering process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
Abstract
Provided is an additive composition for metal sintering, which comprises an alkali metal compound that is added together with calcium carbonate constituting a melting accelerator for lowering the melting point in the process of sintering iron ore or the like, in such a way as to be able to economise on a heat source such as coal or coke which is necessary for the sintering of the iron ore, reduce the melting point of the sintered ore and enhance sintering efficiency by means of a chemical mechanism wherein the additive composition is additionally used together with the alkali metal compound during the sintering of the iron ore; the alkali metal compound being one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of lithium(Li), potassium(K), and sodium(Na).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composition for metal sintering; More specifically, relate to a kind of composition for metal sintering, by in iron ore and analogue sintering process thereof, using the chemical mechanism of the compositions of additives that comprises alkali metal compound, it can reduce the use of thermal source such as coal or coke required in iron ore and the analogue sintering process thereof, and increases melting properties and the sintering efficient that is sintered ore.
Background technology
Generally speaking, iron ore refers to can both economical exploitation go out rock or the soil of metallic iron, and iron-holder is 30%-70% usually, and it can be divided into magnetite, rhombohedral iron ore, limonite and spathic iron ore.In most cases, iron ore with the form of oxidation steel but not the form of pure iron exist, therefore in blast furnace, refine into the pig iron.
At this, in iron manufacturing process, iron ore is put in the blast furnace, removes oxygen in the iron ore by combustion of coke, thereby makes the pig iron.Yet iron ore need to pass through pre-treatment---sintering.
At first, required coke in the iron manufacturing process refers in blast furnace the coal that toasts under 1000 ℃-1300 ℃ the high temperature.Coke is as thermal source melt iron ore (being the compound of iron and oxygen), and as reductive agent from the separation of iron the iron ore indispensable effect.
In addition, desirable iron ore refers to those big or small homogeneous, contains the iron ore of abundant iron and a small amount of oxious component such as sulphur (S), phosphorus (P) or copper (Cu).Yet this desirable iron ore is rare, and according to the difference in country of origin, the quality of iron ore, composition and shape are different, therefore can not directly put it in the blast furnace.For this reason, in being placed into blast furnace before, need iron ore is processed on quality and powder particle particle diameter consistent, this process is called as sintering.
For sintering process, Korean Patent special permission publication number 10-2008-0074524 discloses a kind of ore sintering method and has been used for the composition of ore sintering.Described ore sintering method comprises: preparation contains the raw material of ore particles, solvent and coke powder; By making water and viscosity concentrate sweeting agent, make the binding agent micro mist of raw material and the thick nuclear of raw material bonding, form the mixture of sintering, thereby form accurate particle; The combustion of coke powder makes the mixture of sintering become the sintering pie.The mixture that is used for ore sintering that obtains by aforesaid method comprises: ore particulate, solvent, coke powder and contain the productivity toughener of the concentrated sweeting agent of toughness.
As mentioned above, owing to need a large amount of heats that is used for fusing and pyrolysis in the metal that refines expectation by sintered iron ore, additive for example solvent is used to accelerate thermo-cracking.
In this case, existing additive mainly is to utilize calcium carbonate (CaCO
3) or calcium oxide (CaO); But because the ore quality descends, they consume more heat, reduce the efficient of sintering and smelting, and reduce the intensity of agglomerate.
In addition, in sintering process, the depleted situation of high-quality ore that faces the future, low-quality ore need to be by sintering effectively.In order to raise the efficiency, need to be with chemical mode but not physics mode is processed sintering process.In this respect, there is very strong demand in the composition that improves sintering work efficient by the chemical reaction with additive.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, an object of the present invention is effectively to provide a kind of compositions of additives for metal sintering, said composition comprises can accelerate combustion and have overbasic alkali metal compound and have high catalytic performance thereby accelerate the calcium carbonate of the thermal equilibrium state of ore, the structure that therefore can change sintered ore is vesicular structure, by guaranteeing that porousness increases reductibility, reduce the fusing point of sintered ore, and strengthen its intensity.
In addition, the compositions of additives that comprises alkali metal compound by use, accelerated the burning as coal or the coke of thermal source, thereby improve the time that flame front speed (flame front speed) and peak flame temperature continue maintenance, thereby improve the sintering productive rate, and save required thermal source such as coal or the coke of sintering.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of compositions of additives for metal sintering is provided, said composition contains the alkali metal compound that adds with calcium carbonate, as in the iron ore sintering process for reducing the fusing promotor of fusing point, alkali metal compound is at least a compound that is selected from lithium (Li) compound, potassium (K) compound and sodium (Na) compound.Especially, when mixing and ionization, the same intensity of bringing increase with the boryl hydrate of these compounds, thus further improve effect of the present invention.
Increase iron ore or having a large amount of aluminum oxide (Al
2O
3) the coking property of iron ore in, alkali metal compound can be at least a compound that is selected from oxyhydroxide-based compound, carbonate-based compound and the oxide compound, is used for accelerating to form calcium ferrite and improving sintering efficient.
Oxyhydroxide-based compound can be at least a lithium hydroxide (LiOH) that is selected from, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and the compound in the potassium hydroxide (KOH), and in sintering process, produce hydroxide radical (OH).Carbonate-based compound can be at least a salt of wormwood (K that is selected from
2CO
3), yellow soda ash (Na
2CO
3), Quilonum Retard (Li
2CO
3), saleratus (KHCO
3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO
3) and lithium bicarbonate (LiHCO
3) in compound, and in sintering process, produce carbonic acid gas (CO
2).Oxide compound can be at least a Lithium Oxide 98min (Li that is selected from
2O), potassium oxide (K
2O), sodium oxide (Na
2O), lithium peroxide (Li
2O
2), Potassium peroxide (K
2O
2), sodium peroxide (Na
2O
2), lithium nitrate (LiNO
3), SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO
3), saltpetre (KNO
3) in compound, and in sintering process, produce oxygen (O).
Said composition can further comprise the magnesium compound that is added in the described alkali metal compound, and described magnesium compound accelerates for the calcium ferrite that engages between the iron ore particle and the formation of magnesium ferrite.Concrete, magnesium compound can be at least a magnesium oxide (MgO), the magnesiumcarbonate (MgCO of being selected from
3), Magnesium hydrogen carbonate (Mg (HCO
3)
2), magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH)
2), Magnesium peroxide (MgO
2) and magnesium nitrate (Mg (NO
3)
2) in compound.
When use is selected from magnesiumcarbonate (MgCO
3) and Magnesium hydrogen carbonate (Mg (HCO
3)
2) at least a compound during as magnesium compound, in sintering process, may produce carbonic acid gas (CO
2).As magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH)
2) when using as magnesium compound, in sintering process, may produce hydroxide radical (OH).When use is selected from Magnesium peroxide (MgO
2) and magnesium nitrate (Mg (NO
3)
2) at least a compound during as magnesium compound, in sintering process, may produce oxyradical.
In order to improve sintering efficient (productive rate), described composition can further comprise the manganic compound that is added in the alkali metal compound, and it has higher fusing point than alkali metal compound, and described manganic compound is at least a Manganse Dioxide (MnO that is selected from
2), manganous carbonate (MnCO
3), manganese oxide (MnO), manganic anhydride (MnO
3), manganic oxide (Mn
2O
3), trimanganese tetroxide (Mn
3O
4), manganous nitrate (Mn (NO
3)
2), and potassium permanganate (KMnO
4) in compound.
In order to guarantee that in sintering process enough ventilations are arranged, described composition can further comprise at least a magnesium base hydrate that is selected from that is added in the alkali metal compound, manganese base hydrate, the boryl hydrate, silicic acid base hydrate, copper base hydrate, zinc-base hydrate, calcium base hydrate, and the compound in iron-based or ferrous base (ferrous) hydrate.
When the boryl hydrate is injected towards in the alkali metal compound, can increase substantially intensity and the output of sintered ore.
Described composition can further comprise tensio-active agent and at least a ammoniacal liquor that is selected from, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid, the compound in sulfuric acid and the hydrochloric acid with maintenance slurry form and transparent liquid, or increases solubleness.
When using described composition to carry out sintering, iron ore, water and described composition can mix with the ratio of 1000:1-30:0.1-30.
Embodiment
To describe illustrative embodiments of the present invention in detail now.
Yet the present invention can implement with many different forms, and should not be construed as limited to embodiment described in this paper.On the contrary, provide these embodiments so that the disclosure will be abundant and complete, and pass on fully scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.For more high efficiency purpose, with borax---representational hydrate in the boryl material, with 35 % by weight mix and ionization to the alkali metal compound that is added among each disclosed embodiment.
Agglomerate, main by using the compositions of additives sintered iron ore that is used for metal sintering to generate, be iron.Yet the kind of agglomerate is not particularly limited, and it can comprise the agglomerate of any kind that experiences sintering process.
Usually, basic metal refers to have six kinds of elements of similar quality, comprises lithium (Li), potassium (K), sodium (Na), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs) and francium (Fr).Basic metal is argenteous soft metal, is easy to tarnish in air, and has low proportion, fusing point, boiling point etc.In addition, basic metal has flame reaction, and active effect is in various non-metallic elements, particularly oxygen, halogen or its analogue.In addition, basic metal and H-H reaction form hydride, and lithium (Li) can at room temperature form hydrogen with the water reaction, and generate alkaline oxyhydroxide directly in conjunction with nitrogen and carbon.
Since alkali metal compound when being exposed to air in the time and airborne moisture (for example, carbonic acid gas) react, so alkali metal compound is stored in oil or the paraffin.
Hereinafter, by embodiment, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The first embodiment: calcium carbonate (CaCO
3)+alkali metal compound (lithium, potassium or sodium etc.)
At first, according to an embodiment of the compositions of additives that is used for metal sintering, a kind of calcium carbonate (CaCO that comprises
3) and a kind of composition of alkali metal compound be used for sintering as additive.
Calcium carbonate and alkali metal compound are fusing promotor, can reduce the fusing point in the sintered iron ore, help to use thermal source such as coal, coke, coal or coke powder or its analogue in the iron ore sintering process chemical reaction to occur.In more detail, calcium carbonate is causing chemical reaction and is improving aspect the catalytic performance of chemical reaction rate very strong in the situation that reaction heat is had no significant effect by combustion heat source, alkali metal compound has high alkalinity, and it can accelerate thermal source by chemical reaction and burn to increase reaction heat.
Described calcium carbonate can utilize the fusing promotor such as calcium oxide (CaO) or its analogue.
Described alkali metal compound is at least a by being selected from lithium (Li), potassium (K), the compound that the alkali metal of sodium (Na) etc. forms.
In addition, described metal sintering compositions of additives utilizes chemical reaction.That is to say when iron ore is put into blast furnace and uses suitable thermal source burning, to have the under suitable condition equally burning of compositions of additives of reacted constituent.Above-mentioned compositions of additives is based on calcium carbonate and alkali metal compound.After a while the compound of describing also can additionally be included, and optionally be formed desirable additive types.
That is to say that according to the first embodiment of the compositions of additives that is used for metal sintering, need thermal source fusing and sintered iron ore, calcium carbonate is mainly used to reduce the fusing point that is included in the sintered ore in the iron ore.Chemical reaction be because to as adding alkali metal compound in the calcium carbonate of existing fusing promotor the required thermal equilibrium state of sintering of sintered ore being realized rapidly, the structural modification of described sintered ore becomes vesicular structure, thereby has improved reductibility.
In addition, the chemical reaction that alkali metal compound causes has accelerated the burning as coal or the coke of thermal source, thereby has improved flame front speed and the lasting time that keeps of peak flame temperature.This helps to improve the sintering productive rate, and saves required thermal source such as coal or the coke etc. of sintering.
Containing a large amount of aluminum oxide (Al
2O
3) the situation of low-quality iron ore in, fusing will be interrupted in the sintering process.Therefore, described alkali metal compound comprises oxyhydroxide-based compound, carbonate-based compound, and oxide compound.
That is to say, strengthening iron ore or containing a large amount of aluminum oxide (Al
2O
3) the sintering aspect of iron ore, described alkali metal compound comprises at least a alkali metal compound that is selected from oxyhydroxide-based compound, carbonate-based compound and the oxide compound, it can accelerate the formation of calcium ferrite and improve sintering efficient.
In the above description, oxyhydroxide-based compound is at least a lithium hydroxide (LiOH) that is selected from, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and the compound in the potassium hydroxide (KOH), it can produce hydroxide radical (OH) in sintering process.
In addition, carbonate-based compound is at least a salt of wormwood (K that is selected from
2CO
3), yellow soda ash (NaCO
3), Quilonum Retard (LiCO
3), saleratus (KHCO
3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO
3), and lithium bicarbonate (LiHCO
3) in compound, it produces carbonic acid gas (CO when sintering
2).
Oxide compound is at least a Lithium Oxide 98min (Li that is selected from
2O), potassium oxide (K
2O), sodium oxide (Na
2O), lithium peroxide (Li
2O
2), Potassium peroxide (K
2O
2), sodium peroxide (Na
2O
2), lithium nitrate (LiNO
3), SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO
3) and saltpetre (KNO
3) in compound, it produces oxygen (O) in sintering process.
In top description, test with sintering state afterwards before for the compositions of additives that is used for metal sintering that adds according to the first embodiment, and measured experimental result.
[measurement standard]
1. flame front speed (FFS)
Flame front speed is to measure the sintering velocity that increases owing to flame temperature.That is to say, measure the speed that the burned flame front end moves on the raw material surface that is placed in the blast furnace downwards.
-FFS (mm/min)=(chassis (pallet) bed thickness * machine speed)/(effectively fire grate length)
2. productive rate (YI)
As for productive rate, by melting point depression and the output of flame front velocity survey sintered ore.
-YI (%)=(gross weight of (upset (30 circle (turns)) * 5mm weight (kg))/agglomerate surface layer) * 100
3. shatter index (SI) and cryogenic reducting powder index (RDI)
Shatter index (shatter index) and cryogenic reducting powder index (Low temperature reduction degradation index) are the enhancings of measuring the intensity of agglomerate.That is to say that shatter index is the parameter of weighing cold hardness of steel, the damage of representative from be sintered to the process that is loaded into blast furnace, and cryogenic reducting powder index is the parameter of measuring the damage in the sintered ore reduction process that is written in the blast furnace.
-SI (%)=(after the test+10mm weight)/(before the test+10mm weight) * 100
-RDI (%)=(testing the weight of rear-3mm)/(weight before the test) * 100
4. reduction index (RI)
Reduction index is for measuring in the enhancing aspect porousness and the air permeability, is to measure with ferric oxide (B) before reduction process.
-RI(%)=((Wo-Wf)/WI(0.43A-0.112B))×100
Based on above-mentioned measurement standard, in sintering process, use compositions of additives of the present invention to test.As for the details aspect of described EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE, the sinter of the about 40kg of preparation is by to containing 58 % by weight T.Fe, 1.2 % by weight SiO
2Al with 2.97 % by weight
2O
3Mix equably 10% calcium carbonate and 3% coke powder in the iron ore of (greater than 2.80) and prepare a kind of mixture.After this, described mixture, water and additive raw material are prepared into the sample that ratio is 500:10:3.After this, under atmospheric pressure, the coke that described sample is used as thermal source is heated to 1300 ℃, and sintering processes puts to test.
For the purpose of better efficient, in all experiments, (compound: ratio borax) is added in each sample take weight ratio as 500:3 with borax.
In addition, this experiment before additive adds and the take off data after adding be shown in table 1 to 34, now be described in this as reference.
Compare before the table 1 pair lithium hydroxide additive as the present composition adds and after adding
Compare before the table 2 pair potassium hydroxide additive as the present composition adds and after adding
Compare before the table 3 pair sodium hydroxide additive as the present composition adds and after adding
Contain a large amount of aluminum oxide (Al
2O
3) inferior quality iron hindered the sintering of iron ore.Correlation technique is by using more calcium carbonate to solve this problem as fusing promotor, yet this causes the unit productive rate of the pig iron in the blast furnace to reduce.Yet, at the compositions of additives for metal sintering of the present invention, with calcium carbonate, additionally add alkali metal compound as fusing promotor, thereby realize rapidly the thermal equilibrium state of iron ore, and accelerate to have formed the necessary calcium ferrite of formation bond strength between iron ore particle.The formation of described calcium ferrite has increased the intensity of sintered ore slightly, thereby can reduce the calcium carbonate content in the agglomerate, and increases amount and the productive rate of sintered ore.
In addition, above-mentioned table 1 to table 3 has shown the test-results of sintering process separately, is used as alkali metal compound at this Hydrogen oxide compound-based compound.With reference to these tables, when described alkali metal compound uses oxyhydroxide-based compound (LiOH, NaOH or KOH) time, in sintering process, produce oxyhydroxide, thereby guaranteed the porousness of sintered ore, realized the increase in aperture, guaranteed the air permeability of sintered ore, and as a result of, further improved reductibility.
Compare before the table 4 pair Quilonum Retard additive as the present composition adds and after adding
Compare before the table 5 pair salt of wormwood additive as the present composition adds and after adding
Compare before the table 6 pair yellow soda ash additive as the present composition adds and after adding
Above-mentioned table 4 to table 6 has shown the test-results of sintering process separately, and carbonate-based compound is used as alkali metal compound in this process.With reference to these tables, when described alkali metal compound uses carbonate-based compound (K
2CO
3, Na
2CO
3Or Li
2CO
3) time, in sintering process, producing carbonic acid gas, oxyhydroxide-based compound is the same with using, thereby has guaranteed the porousness of sintered ore, has realized the increase in aperture, has guaranteed the air permeability of sintered ore, and as a result of, has further improved reductibility.
Although in upper table, do not estimate saleratus (KHCO
3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO
3) and lithium bicarbonate (LiHCO
3) also can use, and all generate carbonic acid gas separately.
Compare before the table 7 pair Lithium Oxide 98min additive as the present composition adds and after adding
Compare before the table 8 pair potassium oxide additive as the present composition adds and after adding
Compare before the table 9 pair sodium oxide additive as the present composition adds and after adding
Above-mentioned table 7 to table 9 has shown the test-results of sintering process separately, and oxide compound is used as alkali metal compound in this process.With reference to these tables, when described alkali metal compound uses oxide compound (Li
2O, K
2O or Na
2O) time, in sintering process, produce oxygen, thus accelerate combustion speed and then increase fast flame front speed, and as a result of, further improve sintering productive rate (output).
Certainly, the lithium peroxide (Li among the oxide compound
2O
2), Potassium peroxide (K
2O
2), sodium peroxide (Na
2O
2), lithium nitrate (LiNO
3), SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO
3) and saltpetre (KNO
3), although in upper table, do not estimate, also produce oxygen during use, thereby accelerate combustionvelocity, realize the further increase of flame front speed and productive rate.
The second embodiment: calcium carbonate+alkali metal compound+magnesium compound
According to the second embodiment, composition also comprises magnesium compound except alkali metal compound and calcium carbonate, and described additive is used for sintering.That is, magnesium compound additionally is injected towards alkali metal compound to promote for the calcium ferrite that engages between the iron ore particle and the formation of magnesium ferrite.
During the excessive use of described alkali metal compound, the density of infringement sintered ore, thus cause less strength increase, so magnesium compound is used for replenishing described alkali metal compound.
Described magnesium compound comprises at least a magnesium oxide (MgO), the magnesiumcarbonate (MgCO of being selected from
3), Magnesium hydrogen carbonate (Mg (HCO
3)
2), magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH)
2), Magnesium peroxide (MgO
2), magnesium nitrate (Mg (NO
3)
2) in compound.
As mentioned above, be used in the situation of sintering process as compositions of additives with calcium carbonate and alkali metal compound at magnesium compound, thereby this permission sintered ore has vesicular structure and guarantees ventilation, increase for the calcium ferrite and the magnesium ferrite that engage between the iron ore particle simultaneously, thereby further improve reductibility and intensity.
The effect of the interpolation group of various magnesium compounds describes in connection with following table 10-22 now, and these tables have shown the measuring result of relevant each group experimental example.In this case, the sample of each experimental example all is prepared in the mode identical with the first embodiment, and in sintering process, the ratio of alkali metal compound and magnesium compound is 7:3.
Compare before the table 10 pair Lithium Oxide 98min as the present composition+magnesium oxide additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 11 pair potassium oxide as the present composition+magnesium oxide additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 12 pair sodium oxide as the present composition+magnesium oxide additive adds and after adding
Above-mentioned table 10-12 has shown the test-results of sintering process separately, and magnesium oxide is added in the alkali metal compound (Lithium Oxide 98min, potassium oxide, oxidation or sodium oxide) as magnesium compound in this process.With reference to these tables, guaranteed porousness and the performance of ventilating of sintered ore, thereby improved reductibility.
In addition, at least a compound that is selected from magnesiumcarbonate and the Magnesium hydrogen carbonate is used as magnesium compound, and in this case, when sintering, produces carbonic acid gas (CO
2).
Compare before the table 13 pair Lithium Oxide 98min as the present composition+magnesiumcarbonate additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 14 pair potassium oxide as the present composition+Magnesium hydrogen carbonate additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 15 pair sodium oxide as the present composition+magnesiumcarbonate additive adds and after adding
Upper table 13 and 15 shown Lithium Oxide 98min or sodium oxide as alkali metal compound and the magnesiumcarbonate experimental result as the sintering process of magnesium compound, and table 14 has shown that potassium oxide is as alkali metal compound and the Magnesium hydrogen carbonate experimental result as the sintering process of magnesium compound.When the magnesiumcarbonate in the elected free magnesium compound and at least a compound in the Magnesium hydrogen carbonate use with alkali metal compound, owing to when sintering, produce carbonic acid gas, thereby compare with the magnesian situation in using magnesium compound, guarantee the wide aperture of sintered ore, and significantly increased reductibility.
In addition, the magnesium hydroxide in the magnesium compound also can use, and in this case, produces hydroxide radical (OH) when sintering.
Compare before the table 16 pair lithium hydroxide as the present composition+magnesium hydroxide additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 17 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+magnesium hydroxide additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 18 pair sodium hydroxide as the present composition+magnesium hydroxide additive adds and after adding
Upper table 16-18 has all shown the experimental result of described sintering process separately, and wherein, at least a compound that is selected from lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali metal compound, and magnesium hydroxide is as magnesium compound.That is, when magnesium hydroxide uses with alkali metal compound as magnesium compound, owing in sintering process, produce hydroxide radical, therefore compare with using magnesian situation, guarantee the porousness of sintered ore, increased air permeability, thereby significantly improved reductibility.
In addition, can also use at least a Magnesium peroxide (MgO that is selected from that is selected from the magnesium compound
2) and magnesium nitrate (Mg (NO
3)
2) in compound, in this case, when sintering, produce oxyradical.
Compare before the table 19 pair Lithium Oxide 98min as the present composition+Magnesium peroxide additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 20 pair potassium oxide as the present composition+Magnesium peroxide additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 21 pair sodium oxide as the present composition+Magnesium peroxide additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 22 pair saltpetre as the present composition+magnesium nitrate additive adds and after adding
Upper table 19-21 has all shown the experimental result of described sintering process separately, and wherein, at least a compound that is selected from Lithium Oxide 98min, potassium oxide and the sodium oxide is used as alkali metal compound, and Magnesium peroxide is as magnesium compound.Upper table 22 has shown the experimental result of described sintering process, and wherein saltpetre is used as alkali metal compound, and magnesium nitrate is as magnesium compound.Described compositions of additives, except alkali metal compound, also comprise Magnesium peroxide or magnesium nitrate as magnesium compound, when sintering, produce oxyradical, thereby increased the aperture of flame front speed and sintered ore, guarantee air permeability, and as a result of significantly improved the intensity of reductibility, productive rate and sintered ore.That is to say that compare with the situation of using magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and magnesiumcarbonate, the effect of described compositions of additives all makes moderate progress in every respect.
The 3rd embodiment: calcium carbonate+alkali metal compound+manganic compound
According to the 3rd embodiment, described composition also comprises manganic compound except sinter additives calcium carbonate and alkali metal compound.That is to say that in order to improve the efficient of sintering process, interpolation has more dystectic manganic compound than alkali metal compound.
Described manganic compound comprises at least a Manganse Dioxide (MnO that is selected from
2), manganous carbonate (MnCO
3), manganese oxide (MnO), manganic anhydride (MnO
3), manganic oxide (Mn
2O
3), trimanganese tetroxide (Mn
3O
4), manganous nitrate (Mn (NO
3)
2) and potassium permanganate (KMnO
4) in compound.
The effect of various manganic compound additive groups is existing to be described in connection with following table 23-26, and these tables have shown the measuring result of relevant each group experimental example.In this case, the sample of each experimental example all is prepared in the mode identical with the first embodiment and/or the second embodiment, and in sintering process, the ratio of alkali metal compound and manganic compound is 7:3.
Compare before the table 23 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+Manganse Dioxide additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 24 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+manganous carbonate additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 25 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+manganous nitrate additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 26 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+potassium permanganate additive adds and after adding
Upper table 23-26 has shown the experimental result of described sintering process, wherein manganic compound is added in the alkali metal compound, wherein potassium hydroxide is used as alkali metal compound, and Manganse Dioxide, manganous carbonate, manganous nitrate and potassium permanganate are used separately as manganic compound.In test the used manganic compound, also can selective oxidation manganese, manganic anhydride, manganic oxide or trimanganese tetroxide form compositions of additives with described alkali metal compound.
Experimental result shows, when having more dystectic manganic compound than alkali metal compound when using with alkali metal compound, compare with the situation of adding magnesium compound, increase flame front speed and productive rate, and compared the intensity of having improved greatly sintered ore with the situation of using magnesium compound.
The 4th embodiment: calcium carbonate+alkali metal compound+based on the hydrate of various materials magnesium base hydrate for example
According to the 4th embodiment, described composition is except being used for the additive calcium carbonate and alkali metal compound of sintering, also comprise at least a magnesium base hydrate that is selected from, manganese base hydrate, boryl hydrate, silicic acid base hydrate, copper base hydrate, the zinc-base hydrate, calcium base hydrate, and the compound in the ferrous basic hydrate.
At this, hydrate refers to be combined formed compound with another kind of Compound Phase by water.That is, described magnesium base hydrate refers to contain water, and forms Mg (OH)
2.nH
2O, MgCO
3.nH
2O and 4MgCO
3.Mg (OH)
2.4H
2The magnesio compound of one of O.
Described manganese base hydrate, boryl hydrate and silicic acid base hydrate also are the compounds that contains water.Described manganese base hydrate forms Mn (OH)
2.nH
2O, MnCO
3.nH
2O and KMnO
4.nH
2One of O, described boryl hydrate forms Na
2B
4O
7.10H
2O, B
2O
3.nH
2O, B
2O
4.nH
2O, NaBO
2.nH
2O, NaBO
3.nH
2O, NaBO
4.nH
2O, Na
2B
6O
104H
2O (water boron sodium stone (Ameghinite)), Na
2B
4O
75H
2O (rhombus borax), Na
2B
4O
74H
2O (kernite), Na
2B
10O
1610H
2O (Sporgite), Na
4B
10O
173H
2O (ezcurrite), Na
4B
10O
175H
2O (nasinite), Na
4B
10O
173H
2O (four water boron sodium stone), NaCaB
5O
98H
2O (boron sodium solution stone), NaCaB
5O
95H
2O (cotton balls), Ca
2B
6O
115H
2O (colemanite (high temperature)), Ca
2B
6O
1113H
2O (inyoite (low temperature)), MgB
2O
43H
2O (pinnoite (high temperature)), K
2O.4Mg.12B
2O
319H
2O (kaliborite) and (NH
4)
3[B
5O
6(OH)
3OB
5O
6(OH)
2.OB
5O
6(OH)
316H
2One of O (ammonioborite), and described silicic acid base hydrate forms NaSiO
2.nH
2O, KSiO
2.nH
2O and LiSiO
2.nH
2One of O.
In addition, in various compound base hydrates, can preferably use Mn (NO
3)
2.9H
2O, Mg (OH)
2.4H
2O, Na
2B
4O
7.10H
2O and KMnO
4.7H
2The O hydrate.The hydrate of other metals is such as Cu (NO
3)
2.nH
2O, Zn (NO
3)
2.6H
2O and Ca (OH)
2.nH
2O also can be used for compositions of additives, to guarantee air permeability.
Comprise the efficient of the interpolation group of magnesium base hydrate according to various compounds for the hydrate on basis, describe to 32 with reference to table 27, the measuring result about the experimental example of each group is shown.
Compare before the table 27 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+magnesium base hydrate additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 28 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+manganese base hydrate additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 29 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+boryl hydrate additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 30 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+ferrous basic hydrate additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 31 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+boryl hydrate additive adds and after adding
Compare before the table 32 pair potassium hydroxide as the present composition+silicic acid base hydrate additive adds and after adding
In table 27-32, be added in potassium hydroxide, the alkali metal compound based on the hydrate of various compounds.Table 27-32 has shown the experimental result of sintering process separately, has wherein used magnesium base hydrate, manganese base hydrate, boryl hydrate, ferrous basic hydrate, boryl hydrate and silicic acid base hydrate.
That is to say, when using alkali metal compound and at least a when being selected from based on the compound in the hydrate of various compounds since in sintering process water H
2The evaporation of O and decompose to produce gas, therefore with alkali metal compound in add magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide or magnesiumcarbonate situation compare, less increased the intensity of sintered ore.Yet, owing to guaranteed enough large apertures of sintered ore, further increased porousness, guaranteed ventilation stronger in the sintering oven, output and the reductibility of increase sintering that can be to a great extent.
In addition, the composition of all embodiments (first to fourth embodiment) all can use with powder type; But described compositions of additives for metal sintering can also comprise tensio-active agent and at least a ammoniacal liquor that is selected from, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid, the compound in sulfuric acid and the hydrochloric acid with maintenance slurry form and transparent liquid, or increases solubleness.
Described tensio-active agent is by easily connecting two kinds of interfaces between the different attribute material, and then the capillary material between this bi-material of decrease.Can use Sorbitol Powder (CH
2OH (CHOH)
4CH
2OH), also can use other tensio-active agent.
Compare before the table 33 pair lithium hydroxide as the present composition+magnesium hydrate+nitric acid+water additive adds and after adding
Upper table 33 has shown the experimental result of described sintering process, and wherein nitric acid is added into and comprises in the additive group of lithium hydroxide as alkali metal compound and magnesium base hydrate.In more detail, in order to raise the efficiency described lithium hydroxide and magnesio compound (Mg (OH) by the mixed area that increases sintered ore and iron ore
2.4H
2O) be dissolved in the salpeter solution of 35 % by weight, with sintering ore ︰ water ︰ sample A (LiOH ︰ Mg (OH)
2.4H
2The ratio of O ︰ Xiao Suan ︰ water=20:7:50:100)=1000:10:3 is tested in the sintering still.According to this experimental result, to compare with the situation that does not make water, the reduction index of flame front speed and intensity, productive rate and sintered ore all increases greatly.
In addition, when above-mentioned compositions of additives for metal sintering was used for sintering, iron ore, water and described composition mixed with the ratio of 1000:1-30:0.1-30.
The sample that obtains in the experiment of table 33 in the use, 70% sintered ore+30% iron ore, water and described composition mix with the ratio of 1000:10:3, and carry out one day experiment in blast furnace (6500ton/d level).Contrast described composition and add before and the measuring result after adding, obtain the data as shown in table 34.
Table 34
As above shown in the table 34, in experiment, use to have 3.56ton/m
3Productivity, 80% loading factor and 150m
3Water cooling type blast furnace, measure the efficient of blast furnace in the sintering process.According to described measuring result, when the iron ore that has directly sprayed described compositions of additives is loaded in the blast furnace, even the ventilation of blast furnace is lower than the situation that described compositions of additives is applied to sintered ore, still guarantee the ventilation of blast furnace, and improved the thermal equilibrium state of iron ore.Therefore, the use of thermal source such as coke or coal can be reduced, and the specific productivity of the pig iron can be increased.
As indicated above, at the compositions of additives that is used for metal sintering according to embodiment of the present invention, by alkali metal compound being added in the prior art in the calcium carbonate as the fusing promotor of melt iron ore, caused chemical reaction.Therefore, can realize rapidly thermal equilibrium state required in the sintering process of sintered ore, and the structure of described sintered ore is changed to vesicular structure, thereby improved reductibility.
In addition, utilize the chemical reaction of alkali metal compound to accelerate burning as coal or the coke of thermal source, continue time of keeping thereby improved flame front speed and peak flame temperature.Therefore, the sintering productive rate can be improved, and the required thermal source of sintering such as coal or coke can be saved.
In addition, in order to prevent causing a large amount of consumption of calcium carbonate and the reduction of blase furnace cast iron specific productivity by the low-quality iron ore of the aluminum oxide that contains a large amount of obstruction sintering processes, in calcium carbonate, add alkali metal compound, thereby make rapidly iron ore reach thermal equilibrium state and promote the formation of the calcium ferrite that bond strength between the iron ore particle is required.The acceleration of calcium ferrite forms and has slightly increased the intensity of sintered ore, thereby helps to reduce calcium carbonate content and the amount and the productive rate that increase sintered ore in the sintered ore.
In addition, when oxyhydroxide-based compound or carbonate-based compound during as alkali metal compound, in sintering process, produce oxyhydroxide or carbonic acid gas, thereby guaranteed the porousness of sintered ore, increased the aperture, guarantee the air permeability of sintered ore, and as a result of further improved reductibility.When oxide compound during as alkali metal compound, in sintering process, produce oxygen, thereby accelerate combustionvelocity and flame front speed.Therefore, can further improve the sintering productive rate.
In addition, when the magnesium oxide in the magnesium compound is added in the alkali metal compound and is used for sintering process, guaranteed porousness and the air permeability of sintered ore, and strengthened reductibility.When the magnesiumcarbonate in the magnesium compound and Magnesium hydrogen carbonate are added into alkali metal compound, owing to when sintering, produce carbonic acid gas, thereby compare with using magnesian situation, guarantee enough large apertures of sintered ore, and significantly increased reductibility.When the magnesium hydroxide in the magnesium compound is used, owing in sintering process, produce hydroxide radical, therefore compare with using magnesian situation, guaranteed the porousness that sintered ore is larger, increase air permeability, and as a result of significantly improved reductibility.Except comprising alkali metal compound, also comprise as the Magnesium peroxide of magnesium compound or the compositions of additives of magnesium nitrate, when sintering, produce oxyradical, thereby increased the aperture of flame front speed and sintered ore, guarantee air permeability, and as a result of significantly improved the intensity of reductibility, productive rate and sintered ore.That is to say that compare with the situation of using magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and magnesiumcarbonate, the effect of described compositions of additives all makes moderate progress in every respect.
When having more dystectic manganic compound when joining in the alkali metal compound than alkali metal compound, compare with the situation of adding magnesium compound, increase flame front speed and productive rate, and compared the intensity of having improved greatly sintered ore with the situation of adding magnesium compound.
When using alkali metal compound and at least a when being selected from based on the compound in the hydrate of various compounds since in sintering process water H
2The evaporation of O and decompose to produce gas, enough large apertures of having guaranteed sintered ore have further increased porousness, have guaranteed ventilation stronger in the sintering oven.Output and the reductibility of increase sintering that in addition, can be to a great extent.
Although the present invention is illustrated and describes with exemplary embodiment, yet do not break away from by the modifications and variations of the spirit and scope of the present invention of appended claim definition apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (14)
1. the compositions of additives that is used for metal sintering, described composition comprises the alkali metal compound that adds with calcium carbonate, fall low-melting fusing promotor as being used in iron ore sintering technique, described alkali metal compound is at least a compound that is selected from lithium (Li) compound, potassium (K) compound and sodium (Na) compound.
2. composition according to claim 1 is wherein increasing iron ore or is having a large amount of aluminum oxide (Al
2O
3) the coking property of iron ore in, described alkali metal compound is at least a compound that is selected from oxyhydroxide-based compound, carbonate-based compound and the oxide compound, is used for accelerating to form calcium ferrite and improving sintering efficient.
3. composition according to claim 2, wherein said oxyhydroxide-based compound is at least a compound that is selected from lithium hydroxide (LiOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the potassium hydroxide (KOH), and produces hydroxide radical (OH) in sintering process.
4. composition according to claim 2, wherein said carbonate-based compound is at least a salt of wormwood (K that is selected from
2CO
3), yellow soda ash (Na
2CO
3), Quilonum Retard (Li
2CO
3), saleratus (KHCO
3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO
3) and lithium bicarbonate (LiHCO
3) in compound, and in sintering process, produce carbonic acid gas (CO
2).
5. composition according to claim 2, wherein said oxide compound is at least a Lithium Oxide 98min (Li that is selected from
2O), potassium oxide (K
2O), sodium oxide (Na
2O), lithium peroxide (Li
2O
2), Potassium peroxide (K
2O
2), sodium peroxide (Na
2O
2), lithium nitrate (LiNO
3), SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO
3) and saltpetre (KNO
3) in compound, and in sintering process, produce oxygen (O).
6. composition according to claim 1 further comprises the magnesium compound that is added in the described alkali metal compound, and described magnesium compound accelerates to be used for the calcium ferrite of the joint between the iron ore particle and the formation of magnesium ferrite.
7. composition according to claim 6, wherein said magnesium compound is at least a magnesium oxide (MgO), the magnesiumcarbonate (MgCO of being selected from
3), Magnesium hydrogen carbonate (Mg (HCO
3)
2), magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH)
2), Magnesium peroxide (MgO2) and magnesium nitrate (Mg (NO
3)
2) in compound.
8. composition according to claim 7 is wherein worked as and is used at least a magnesiumcarbonate (MgCO that is selected from
3) and Magnesium hydrogen carbonate (Mg (HCO
3)
2) in compound during as magnesium compound, in sintering process, produce carbonic acid gas (CO
2).
9. composition according to claim 7 is wherein worked as and is used magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH)
2) during as described magnesium compound, in sintering process, produce hydroxide radical (OH).
10. composition according to claim 7 is wherein worked as and is used at least a Magnesium peroxide (MgO that is selected from
2) and magnesium nitrate (Mg (NO
3)
2) in compound during as described magnesium compound, in sintering process, produce oxyradical.
11. composition according to claim 1 further comprises the manganic compound that is added in the described alkali metal compound, it has higher fusing point than described alkali metal compound, and described manganic compound is at least a Manganse Dioxide (MnO that is selected from
2), manganous carbonate (MnCO
3), manganese oxide (MnO), manganic anhydride (MnO
3), manganic oxide (Mn
2O
3), trimanganese tetroxide (Mn
3O
4), manganous nitrate (Mn (NO
3)
2) and potassium permanganate (KMnO
4) in compound.
12. composition according to claim 1, further comprise at least a compound that is selected from magnesium base hydrate, manganese base hydrate, boryl hydrate, silicic acid base hydrate, copper base hydrate, zinc-base hydrate, calcium base hydrate and the ferrous basic hydrate, described at least a compound is added in the described alkali metal compound.
13. each described composition further comprises tensio-active agent and at least a compound that is selected from ammoniacal liquor, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and the hydrochloric acid according to claim 1-12, with maintenance slurry form and transparent liquid, or increases solubleness.
14. composition according to claim 13, wherein when using described composition to carry out sintering, described iron ore, water and described composition mix with the ratio of 1000:1-30:0.1-30.
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| PCT/KR2011/003080 WO2011136556A2 (en) | 2010-04-27 | 2011-04-27 | Additive composition for metal sintering |
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| CN107406905A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2017-11-28 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Sintering in form of pseudo grain and its manufacture method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20110119439A (en) | 2011-11-02 |
| KR101228599B1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
| WO2011136556A3 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
| WO2011136556A2 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
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