CN102904515A - 开关磁阻发电机无位置传感器控制方法 - Google Patents

开关磁阻发电机无位置传感器控制方法 Download PDF

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CN102904515A
CN102904515A CN201210403799XA CN201210403799A CN102904515A CN 102904515 A CN102904515 A CN 102904515A CN 201210403799X A CN201210403799X A CN 201210403799XA CN 201210403799 A CN201210403799 A CN 201210403799A CN 102904515 A CN102904515 A CN 102904515A
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phase
switch
reluctance generator
main switch
switch reluctance
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陈昊
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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Priority to AU2013334378A priority patent/AU2013334378B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
    • H02P25/092—Converters specially adapted for controlling reluctance motors
    • H02P25/0925—Converters specially adapted for controlling reluctance motors wherein the converter comprises only one switch per phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/009—Circuit arrangements for detecting rotor position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/02—Details of the control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开的一种磁阻发电机无位置传感器控制方法，无需转子位置传感器，针对采用每相双开关功率变换器的开关磁阻发电机系统，励磁阶段，功率变换器一相主开关上管和下管都开通后，检测该相电流，当该相电流上升达到设定阈值时关断该相主开关上管或下管，开关磁阻发电机该相进入零电压自然续流状态，该相电流开始下降；当该相电流下降达到谷值时，转子位置为该相最大相电感末端位置，作为开关磁阻发电机该相主开关的关断位置，关断该相主开关上管和下管。该方法无需外接额外硬件，无需存储电机磁链数据，实时性强，动态响应性能和稳定性良好，具有较强实用性与通用性。

Description

开关磁阻发电机无位置传感器控制方法
 
技术领域
本发明涉及一种开关磁阻发电机无位置传感器控制方法，适用于各种相数、采用每相双开关功率变换器的开关磁阻发电机系统。
 
背景技术
开关磁阻发电机转子仅由电工硅钢片叠压而成、无刷、无绕组、无永磁体，定子上设有集中式绕组，其结构坚固耐用、制造成本低、易维护，适合于在恶劣的室外环境下工作，可实现其他类型发电机无法比拟的长寿命运行。转子位置检测器的存在使开关磁阻发电机结构简单的优点变得逊色，特别是工作在恶劣室外环境下，传统的位置检测器易失效，降低了系统可靠性。因此，探索实用的开关磁阻发电机无位置传感器控制方法是十分有意义的。通过测量开关磁阻发电机的相电压和相电流，用状态观测器估计电机的瞬态相电感以获得转子位置，其难点在于需要建立起精确的开关磁阻发电机系统非线性数学模型。通过离线或在线方式测量给定发电机的磁链特性或电感特性，以表格、拟合函数或神经网络的方式建立发电机模型并存储于控制器中，发电机运行过程中实时测量磁链或电感，结合当前相电流，由所建模型推导出转子位置；但需要对给定发电机提前建模，限制了其通用性。相电流梯度法通过检测相电感上升区相电流峰值点，得到该相最小相电感末端转子位置；不适合进行相电流斩波控制；开通角调节范围受限制，角度位置控制时，降低了开关磁阻发电机变速发电范围。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服已有技术中的不足之处，提供一种开关磁阻发电机无位置传感器控制方法，检测到最大相电感末端位置，直接作为开关磁阻发电机功率变换器该相主开关的关断位置，关断功率变换器该相主开关上管和下管。
本发明的开关磁阻发电机无位置传感器控制方法，包括励磁电源、开关磁阻发电机相绕组、由主开关、二极管构成的功率变换器，在励磁阶段将功率变换器中一相主开关的上管S1和下管S2开通，其特征在于：
1) 设定该相绕组电流的阈值，检测该相绕组电流i；
2) 当该相绕组电流i上升达到设定阈值时，关断功率变换器该相主开关的上管S1或下管S2，开关磁阻发电机该相绕组进入零电压自然续流状态，该相绕组电流i开始下降；
3) 当该相绕组电流i下降达到谷值时，开关磁阻发电机的转子位置为该相最大相电感末端位置b，采集该相最大相电感末端位置b，直接作为开关磁阻发电机功率变换器该相主开关的关断位置                                               
Figure 201210403799X100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，关断功率变换器该相主开关的上管S1和下管S2。
有益效果：本发明无需外接额外硬件，无需存储电机磁链数据，针对采用每相双开关功率变换器的开关磁阻发电机系统，励磁阶段，功率变换器一相主开关上管S1和下管S2都开通后，检测该相电流，当该相电流上升达到设定阈值时关断功率变换器该相主开关上管或下管，开关磁阻发电机该相进入零电压自然续流状态，该相电流开始下降；当该相电流下降达到谷值时，转子位置为该相最大相电感末端位置，直接作为开关磁阻发电机功率变换器该相主开关的关断位置，无需转子位置传感器，关断功率变换器该相主开关上管和下管。实时性强，动态响应性能和稳定性良好，具有较强实用性与通用性，具有广泛的应用前景。对于推广开关磁阻发电机系统应用领域，提高开关磁阻发电机运行可靠性，十分有意义。
附图说明
图1是本发明的开关磁阻发电机系统一相进入励磁状态，该相电流路径示意图；
图2是本发明的开关磁阻发电机系统关断一相主开关上管S1，该相进入零电压自然续流状态，该相电流路径示意图；
图3是本发明的相电感L与相电流i特征示意图；
图4是本发明的开关磁阻发电机关断一相主开关下管S2，该相进入零电压自然续流状态，该相电流路径示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步的描述： 
实施例一、以采用每相双开关功率变换器的开关磁阻发电机系统为例，
采用励磁电源、开关磁阻发电机相绕组、由主开关、二极管构成的功率变换器，在励磁阶段将功率变换器中一相主开关的上管S1和下管S2开通，设定该相绕组电流的阈值，检测该相绕组电流i，该相电流i的路径如图1所示；
当该相绕组电流i上升达到设定阈值时，关断功率变换器该相主开关的上管S1，开关磁阻发电机该相绕组进入零电压自然续流状态，该相绕组电流i开始下降；该相电流i的路径如图2所示，相电感L与相电流i特征如图3所示；
当该相绕组电流i下降达到谷值时，开关磁阻发电机的转子位置为该相最大相电感末端位置b，采集该相最大相电感末端位置b，直接作为开关磁阻发电机功率变换器该相主开关的关断位置
Figure 479799DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，关断功率变换器该相主开关的上管S1和下管S2，如图3所示。
实施例二、以采用每相双开关功率变换器的开关磁阻发电机系统为例，
采用励磁电源、开关磁阻发电机相绕组、由主开关、二极管构成的功率变换器，在励磁阶段将功率变换器中一相主开关的上管S1和下管S2开通，设定该相绕组电流的阈值，检测该相绕组电流i，该相电流i的路径如图1所示；
当该相绕组电流i上升达到设定阈值时，关断功率变换器该相主开关的下管S2，开关磁阻发电机该相进入零电压自然续流状态，该相电流i开始下降，该相电流i路径如图4，相电感L与相电流i特征如图3所示；
当该相绕组电流i下降达到谷值时，开关磁阻发电机的转子位置为该相最大相电感末端位置b，采集该相最大相电感末端位置b，直接作为开关磁阻发电机功率变换器该相主开关的关断位置
Figure 321722DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，关断功率变换器该相主开关的上管S1和下管S2，如图3所示。

Claims (1)

1.一种开关磁阻发电机无位置传感器控制方法，包括励磁电源、开关磁阻发电机相绕组、由主开关、二极管构成的功率变换器，在励磁阶段将功率变换器中一相主开关的上管S1和下管S2开通，其特征在于：
1) 设定该相绕组电流的阈值，检测该相绕组电流i；
2) 当该相绕组电流i上升达到设定阈值时，关断功率变换器该相主开关的上管S1或下管S2，开关磁阻发电机该相绕组进入零电压自然续流状态，该相绕组电流i开始下降；
3) 当该相绕组电流i下降达到谷值时，开关磁阻发电机的转子位置为该相最大相电感末端位置b，采集开关磁阻发电机功率变换器该相主开关的关断位置                                               
Figure 201210403799X100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
为该相最大相电感末端位置b，关断功率变换器该相主开关的上管S1和下管S2。
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CA2889899A CA2889899C (en) 2012-10-22 2013-01-24 Method for controlling switched reluctance generator without position sensor
AU2013334378A AU2013334378B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2013-01-24 Method for controlling switched reluctance generator without position sensor
US14/344,887 US9543872B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2013-01-24 Position sensorless control method for switched reluctance generator
PCT/CN2013/070932 WO2014063454A1 (zh) 2012-10-22 2013-01-24 开关磁阻发电机无位置传感器控制方法
DK201470460A DK178106B1 (en) 2012-10-22 2014-07-24 Method for controlling switched reluctance generator without position sensor
ZA2015/02334A ZA201502334B (en) 2012-10-22 2015-04-08 Method for controlling switched reluctance generator without position sensor

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CN104201948A (zh) * 2014-09-04 2014-12-10 燕山大学 一种开关磁阻电机无位置传感器控制装置及控制方法
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