CN102903014A - Optimized layout method of water environment quality monitoring stations of river and lake intersected water system - Google Patents
Optimized layout method of water environment quality monitoring stations of river and lake intersected water system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optimized layout method of water environment quality monitoring stations of a river and lake intersected water system. According to the invention, a complicated intersected water system is divided into three levels, namely, a water function division A, a characteristic subarea B and a characteristic area C with various water quality conditions, a multi-objective problem is decomposed into the problem of optimization of a plurality of single objects; and by providing quantitative optimization standard and calculation method, dependence on personal experience is reduced, ambiguity and incompatibility caused by complicated geographical environment factors are avoided, and comprehensive and objective monitoring on the water environment quality of the area can be realized with lowest investment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, relate to a kind of optimization placement method of monitoring water environment point, more specifically, relate to a kind of cross optimization placement method of quality of water environment monitoring network website of complicated water system of rivers and lake that is applicable to.
Background technology
The grown form of internal drainage pattern generally is divided into rivers and lake (reservoir) two classes, but crosses and each other during UNICOM when this two classes water body, can form unique rivers and lakes water system that crosses.The rivers and lakes water system that crosses has the compound characteristics of one-dimensional river and the two-dimentional water surface concurrently, the River of China for example, long and narrow the Changjiang river meets at Poyang Lake and the Dongting Lake of broadness, and geographical form is very complicated, can not simply classify as single river or water body in lake.The cross quality of water environment of water body of rivers and lakes directly has influence on the development of this region social economy and the safety of people's life; therefore need to build up the monitoring water environment network; obtain timely and accurately the spatial and temporal distributions situation of water quality and the water yield, for water resources development, utilization and protection provide data supporting and decision-making foundation.
The laying problem of monitoring water environment website relates to the many aspects such as detection technique, communication, cost of investment.According to statistics, there are 718 water quality monitoring stations in China in the fifties, extended to 2547 to the nineties, and automatically monitoring water quality is the direction that develops at present.But construction and the maintenance cost of automatically monitoring water quality monitoring station point are very high, and each website is about 1,200,000 to 3,000,000 yuans; Thereby, build the monitoring water environment network and need to carry out unified planning, after just establishing key website, optimize and revise, make every effort to accomplish multi-usage, multi-functional, each website will have stronger local representativeness, avoids stack or the disappearance of control area.The rivers and lakes water system that crosses is born the impact of upper river and lake drainage two aspect waters simultaneously, also be subject to simultaneously power station, embankment, draw the strong interference of the engineerings of paddling such as water transfer, blowdown, the geographical Form Development of water system is frequent so that cross, and conventional river or lake that Features of Water Environment compares are more complicated.Therefore, the difficulty of carrying out monitoring water environment greatly increases, and outstanding behaviours is the spatial arrangement problem of key website in the monitoring network.
The common foundation that the key website of China's monitoring network is laid is from " monitoring water environment standard (SL219-98) "; this standard is divided into water quality of river station and lake (reservoir) water quality monitoring station two parts with the surface water environment monitoring website; its key monitoring point arranges the overall principle and is summarized as follows: this water body is carried out complete investigation; grasp geogen (intake; sewage draining exit distributes; the hydrology and river topography; the tributary imports; the project situation of paddling; vegetation and soil erosion situation etc.) and human factor (Main Towns; the industry concentration zones; resident living area; the farming region; wellhead protection zone etc.); and then at key position laying website, finally form the monitoring water environment network.No matter this standard is to the judgement of key element or determining of website, all is the quilitative methods such as application expert judgement method, is subject to artificial subjective impact very large, lacks quantitative foundation.For this reason, some documents adopt optimal partition analysis method [Zhou Jing exploratoryly, Dong Jiwen, Zhang Ping, the application of optimal partition analysis in the monitoring water environment Optimizing. University Of Ji'nan's journal (natural science edition), 2005,19 (4): 316-318], Matter Analysis [high intelligent. carry out the research that the water quality environment monitoring optimizing is layouted with Matter Analysis. the environmental science progress, 1997,5 (3): 77-81], cluster analysis [Liang Weizhen, Ye Jinrun, Yang Jing. method of fuzzy cluster analysis Optimizing City river water burst quality supervision measuring point. environmental monitoring management and technology, 2002,14(3): 6-7] and composite optimization [Wu Wenqiang, Chen Qiuwen, Leakey is bright, etc. river water quality optimization of monitoring sections distribution method.ACTA Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2010,30 (8): 1537-1542] etc. technology is carried out the optimization of Layout of water quality examination points design.These methods mainly are on the basis of the default layout of macroscopic view website, delete further that by the method for mathematics the repetition website is to reach the purpose of optimized network.But these methods often have complicated operation, cost is higher or use the deficiency such as scope limitation, fail to obtain to use widely.
In addition, the laying of monitoring point is related to the cost of monitoring system and the accuracy of water quality monitoring in the water quality monitoring, and generally acknowledged monitoring water environment net node is laid the quantification flow process or optimum is improved one's methods but there is no at present.Existing optimization method also can only carry out the improvement of semiempirical for specific purpose or the specific bodies of water, have two outstanding problems during practical application: (1) is only applicable to river (having one-dimensional characteristic) or is only applicable to lake (having two dimensional character) water body, can not be applicable to rivers and lakes cross water system this have one, the special water body of two-dimentional compound characteristics; (2) water body such as rivers and lakes is not only and is received dirty containing object, it also is very important water resource, often there is larger difference in the use function of different sections and different lake waters, and existing method is seldom considered different Water Functional Zones to the different requirements of water quality, and partition process is comparatively simplified and machinery.
Therefore, need to propose a kind of new quality of water environment website quantitative optimization method for arranging for the rivers and lakes water system that crosses, make every effort to obtain the most representative sample with less monitoring station, comprehensively and objectively reflect this quality of the region's water, reduce too relying on expertise, science is objective more to make surface water monitoring water environment network.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, overcome the shortcoming of existing monitoring water environment website placement technique, a kind of quality of water environment monitoring station quantitative optimization method for arranging complicated, that lake, two-dimentional river crosses water system that is applicable to is provided, can reduce the difficulty when determining water system monitoring station locus, improve the representativeness of each monitoring station.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides the cross optimization placement method of water system quality of water environment monitoring station of a kind of rivers and lakes, the method may further comprise the steps:
(1) according to historical hydrologic data statistical average flow and the flow direction, the direction of clear and definite river and lake water and the water outlet that crosses is in the scope of the definite monitoring of GIS platform water system;
(2) be " water function subregion A " according to for " the Water Functional Zone criteria for classifying " (GB/T 50594) the target water system being carried out first time subregion, specific to the secondary zoning;
(3) according to the main water purpose in the following table, functional areas A is carried out the subregion second time, obtain child partition B;
(4) carrying out for the third time to each child partition B, subregion obtains characteristic area C ';
(5) a plurality of characteristic area C ' in each child partition B are tentatively merged;
(6) carry out monitoring station according to above subregion result and preset, form default set of sites;
(7) carry out the water quality monitoring of short-term at all default site locations, according to Monitoring Data, for the default website in each child partition B, be optimized analysis based on thing source analytic approach, remove overlapping website, obtain final optimization website arrangement.
Preferably, in the said method step (4), subregion is according to considering feature river section and feature lake country two classes: for the river of different in width, based on the mixed zone characteristic length, child partition B is divided into a plurality of characteristic segments; For the lake country, based on hydraulic detention time, it is divided into a plurality of characteristic areas.
Preferably, the preliminary method that merges of characteristic area described in the said method step (5) is: Short-Term Monitoring characteristic area water quality within wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and low water season respectively, survey frequency is not less than 1 time/week, the time interval was not less than for 4 weeks, get the mean value of each index, assess the Classification of water Qualities of each feature section or feature lake country, merge the adjacent feature district with identical water quality classification, finally determine whole drainage characteristic zoning set C
*
Preferably, the method for the default set of sites described in the said method step (6) comprises: if the center is without existing monitoring station in each characteristic area C, then increase a default website in the center; According to the general laying principle (" monitoring water environment standard (SL219-98) ") of Water-quality Monitoring Points, at the default new water quality monitoring website of all critical positions; At the He Hu place that crosses mouthful, force default new monitoring station.
Preferably, in the said method step (7), remove overlapping website after the default website of water function subregion inside adopted Matter Analysis to be optimized to analyze.Further preferably, in the described method step (7), the step of removing overlapping website after the default website of water function subregion inside adopted Matter Analysis to be optimized to analyze is: minute wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and calculate water environment index matrix and two canonical matrix of each monitoring point low water season; Calculate " the best ", " worst " correlation function between matrix to be optimized and two canonical matrix, and " the best ", " worst " comprehensive correlation function; Take different times " the best ", " worst " correlation function as coordinate axis, make respectively the scatter diagram of all websites to be optimized in wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and three periods of low water season, space distribution aggregation features according to the figure mid point is finally chosen: to the website of independent characteristic is all arranged at two or three different times, be defined as website need to be set; To three not identical points of independent characteristic in period, be defined as interim website or merge.
More preferably, the cross optimization placement method of water system quality of water environment monitoring station of described rivers and lakes, the method may further comprise the steps:
(1) according to historical hydrologic data statistical average flow and the flow direction, the direction of each tap water of clear and definite river and lake and the water system water outlet that crosses is determined monitoring range in GIS platform;
(2) according to " the Water Functional Zone criteria for classifying " (GB/T 50594) the research water system is carried out the water function subregion first time, determine water function subregion set A, attribute is one of drinking water source region, industrial pool, agricultural water district, fishery water district, consumable water of sight and amusement district and blowdown control zone
(3) the subregion set A is carried out the subregion second time, obtain child partition B, the subregion foundation is water quality rank and hydraulic detention time, and is as shown in the table:
(4) for river regime, carry out for the third time subregion, to river child partition B
i(wherein i refers to i river child partition), at first calculate B
iThe mixed zone characteristic length L of section
i:
W is the river mean breadth in the formula, a be littoral sewage draining exit to the riverbank mean distance, u is the cross section of river mean flow rate, h is mean depth, I is the river bend coefficient, g is the gravity acceleration constant.After obtaining mixed zone characteristic length L with child partition B
iBe equally divided into the n section, n=l
j/ L
i, l wherein
jBe B
iLength.
(5) for the lake situation, carry out for the third time subregion, to the child partition B of lake region
j(wherein j refers to j lake child partition), calculate B
jHydraulic detention time T in the zone
j:
A is the child partition water surface area in the formula, and H is mean depth, Q
OutBe average aquifer yield, Q
InFor average flow enters the water yield.After obtaining hydraulic detention time with child partition B
jBe equally divided into the n piece, wherein n=max (4, T
j/ 7).
(6) (B in each child partition
iOr B
j), n the characteristic area of determining in step (4) or (5) process merged: Short-Term Monitoring characteristic area water quality within wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and low water season respectively, survey frequency is not less than 1 time/week, the time interval was not less than for 4 weeks, the Classification of water Qualities of assessing each feature section or feature lake country according to the mean value of each index [adheres to one of I, II, III, IV, V separately, water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002)], the adjacent characteristic area with identical water quality classification is merged, finally determine the feature zoning set C of whole water system
*
(7) default all initial websites (set D) comprise existing website, gather C for the feature zoning
*Increase new site (each characteristic area center), and guarantee in following place newly-increased monitoring point is arranged: the important waters such as lake, river intersection, blowdown place of B-grade sewage factory, water conservancy scenic spot, municipal drinking water reservoir.
(8) to the default website of water function subregion inside, the data of using step (6) to monitor is divided wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and is calculated the water environment index matrix of each monitoring point low water season
, canonical matrix
With
, R wherein
ItBe the water environment index matrix in t period of i monitoring point, S
GtOptimal matrix during for t, S
BtWorst matrix during for t, γ
jBe water environment index, X
IjJ that is i monitoring point refers to target value, O
j, E
j, B
jBe respectively pollutant levels minimum value, average and the maximal value of monitoring point.
(9) " the best ", " worst " correlation function between calculating matrix to be optimized and two canonical matrix
With
, and " the best ", " worst " comprehensive correlation function
With
, φ wherein
jIt is the weight of j contamination index.
(10) with the K of different times
oAnd K
BBe coordinate axis, make respectively the scatter diagram of all websites to be optimized in wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and three periods of low water season, space distribution aggregation features according to the figure mid point is finally chosen: to the website of independent characteristic is all arranged at two or three different times, be defined as website need to be set; To three not identical points of independent characteristic in period, be defined as interim website or merge.
Should be noted that, Wen Zhongru is without specializing, then described " GIS platform " refers to present geography, field of water resources a kind of method and technology that solves space problem commonly used, English former being called " Geographic Information System(GIS) ", the method can provide the functions such as obtaining, store, process, analyze, exporting of geographical spatial data and demonstration under the support of computer software and hardware; " historical hydrologic data statistics " refers to and is not less than the historical hydrologic data statistics in 5 years; Described " secondary zoning " refers to water function secondary zoning.
Owing to having adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: first, lake, the river water system that crosses is divided into different " characteristic area C " three levels of water quality condition in " water function subregion A ", " child partition B " and the child partition, multiple goal website Layout Problem is decomposed into the website preferred arrangement problem of several single goals, has avoided the nonlinear data analysis flow process; Second, when in child partition B, carrying out single goal optimization calculating, based on Optimality Criteria and the computing method of different water function target quantitatives, ambiguity and the incompatibility of having avoided complicated geographical environment to want factor to cause are stopped to repeat to cover or phenomenon that coverage is incomplete; The 3rd, in the whole website placement process, each step according to the quantitative technique criterion, greatly reduced the dependence to experience, the gained monitoring network can comprehensively and objectively reflect this quality of the region's water.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the monitoring point optimization of this method is arranged process flow diagram
Fig. 2 is that rivers and lakes, middle reaches, 1 pair of the Changjiang river of the embodiment local water system that crosses is carried out the schematic diagram of three subzones
Fig. 3 is rivers and lakes, middle reaches, 1 pair of the Changjiang river of the embodiment scatter diagrams that local water system website optimizes that cross
Fig. 4 is that the final optimization pass result schematic diagram is laid in the water system monitoring water environment website optimization that crosses of rivers and lakes, middle reaches, 1 pair of the Changjiang river of embodiment
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further elaborated.
The cross preferred arrangement of water system quality of water environment monitoring station of local rivers and lakes, middle reaches, embodiment 1 the Changjiang river
The present embodiment water system that crosses take local rivers and lakes, middle reaches, the Changjiang river is example explanation the specific embodiment of the present invention, and is specific as follows:
Step 1: according to the current interactive relation in all rivers, historical summary analysis and research zone, lake, determine upstream and downstream;
Step 2: according to " the Water Functional Zone criteria for classifying " (GB/T 50594) the research water system is carried out the water function subregion first time, obtain water function subregion set A, affiliated water function subregion is drinking water source region, industrial pool, agricultural water district;
Step 3: the subregion set A is carried out the subregion second time, according to as shown in table 1, obtain child partition B, for urban drinking water source region, non-urban drinking water source region, consume industrial pool, the industrial pool of on-consumable, water for organic agriculture district, general agricultural water district;
Step 4: the present embodiment is chosen certain subarea B
i(non-urban drinking water source region) makes further calculation specifications, according to River Mixing length to B
iCarrying out the refinement subregion is 17 river characteristic subregions, the feature subregion is carried out water quality monitoring (all around, once in a week), according to water monitoring data assessment water grade, it is merging of I and II with water grade, independent one group of III class water, 17 characteristic areas are merged into 9 assembly sections the most at last, as shown in Figure 2;
Step 5: carry out the first of monitoring station in inside, above 9 assembly sections and establish, each water quality assembly section arranges a monitoring point;
Step 6: to all default websites, Short-Term Monitoring water quality within wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and low water season respectively, survey frequency is not less than 1 time/week, the time interval was not less than for 4 weeks, get the mean value of each index, monitoring index is the listed conventional index of water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002);
Step 7: the monitoring point is optimized analysis, weight φ when wherein calculating the correlation function of each index
jGet 0.2, each correlation function calculated value sees the following form
Table calculates gained correlation function value
Step 8: according to above result of calculation, export respectively the monitoring point optimization scatter diagram in wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and low water season, as shown in Figure 3, according to the space distribution of figure mid point, the independence that can draw all websites is categorized as:
| ? | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | Ⅴ |
| Wet |
1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4、6、7、8、9 |
| The period when a river is at its |
2 | 3 | 4、5 | 1、6、7 | 8、9 |
| |
2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1、6、7、8、9 |
Step 9: choosing the website that stronger independence feature was all arranged in wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and low water season is final website, the website group that has than similar characteristics is merged, and only to keep a website be final website, finally, original 9 monitoring station Optimum Classifications are 6, namely are numbered 1,2,3,4,5,8.
All monitoring station preferred arrangement results of this embodiment as shown in Figure 4.
Should be noted that; the above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not limited to scope of the present invention, all any modifications of having done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, the replacement that is equal to and improvement etc. all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the rivers and lakes optimization placement method of water system quality of water environment monitoring station that crosses is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) according to historical hydrologic data statistical average flow and the flow direction, the direction of clear and definite river and lake water and the water outlet that crosses is in the scope of the definite monitoring of GIS platform water system;
(2) be " water function subregion A " according to for " the Water Functional Zone criteria for classifying " the target water system being carried out first time subregion, specific to the secondary zoning;
(3) according to the main water purpose in the following table, functional areas A is carried out the subregion second time, obtain child partition B;
(4) carrying out for the third time to each child partition B, subregion obtains characteristic area C ';
(5) a plurality of characteristic area C ' in each child partition B are tentatively merged;
(6) carry out monitoring station according to above subregion result and preset, form default set of sites;
(7) carry out the water quality monitoring of short-term at all default site locations, according to Monitoring Data, for the default website in each child partition B, be optimized analysis based on thing source analytic approach, remove overlapping website, obtain final optimization website arrangement.
2. the rivers and lakes as claimed in claim 1 optimization placement method of water system quality of water environment monitoring station that crosses, it is characterized in that, in the step (4), subregion is according to considering feature river section and feature lake country two classes: for the river of different in width, based on the mixed zone characteristic length, child partition B is divided into a plurality of characteristic segments; For the lake country, based on hydraulic detention time, it is divided into a plurality of characteristic areas.
3. the rivers and lakes as claimed in claim 1 optimization placement method of water system quality of water environment monitoring station that crosses, it is characterized in that, the preliminary method that merges of characteristic area described in the step (5) is: Short-Term Monitoring characteristic area water quality within wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and low water season respectively, survey frequency is not less than 1 time/week, the time interval was not less than for 4 weeks, get the mean value of each index, assess the Classification of water Qualities of each feature section or feature lake country, merge the adjacent feature district with identical water quality classification, finally determine whole drainage characteristic zoning set C
*
4. the rivers and lakes as claimed in claim 1 optimization placement method of water system quality of water environment monitoring station that crosses, it is characterized in that, the method of the default set of sites described in the step (6) comprises: if the center is without existing monitoring station in each characteristic area C, then increase a default website in the center; According to the laying principle (" monitoring water environment standard (SL219-98) ") of Water-quality Monitoring Points, at the default new water quality monitoring website of all critical positions; At the He Hu place that crosses mouthful, force default new monitoring station.
5. the rivers and lakes as claimed in claim 1 optimization placement method of water system quality of water environment monitoring station that crosses, it is characterized in that: in the described step (7), remove overlapping website after the default website of water function subregion inside adopted Matter Analysis to be optimized to analyze.
6. the rivers and lakes as claimed in claim 5 optimization placement method of water system quality of water environment monitoring station that crosses, it is characterized in that, the step of removing overlapping website after the default website of water function subregion inside is adopted Matter Analysis to be optimized to analyze is: minute wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and calculate water environment index matrix and two canonical matrix of each monitoring point low water season; Calculate " the best ", " worst " correlation function between matrix to be optimized and two canonical matrix, and " the best ", " worst " comprehensive correlation function; Take different times " the best ", " worst " correlation function as coordinate axis, make respectively the scatter diagram of all websites to be optimized in wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and three periods of low water season, space distribution aggregation features according to the figure mid point is finally chosen: to the website of independent characteristic is all arranged at two or three different times, be defined as website need to be set; To three not identical points of independent characteristic in period, be defined as interim website or merge.
7. each described rivers and lakes optimization placement method of water system quality of water environment monitoring station that crosses is characterized in that according to claim 1～6, and the method comprises the steps:
(1) according to historical hydrologic data statistical average flow and the flow direction, the direction of each tap water of clear and definite river and lake and the water system water outlet that crosses is determined monitoring range in GIS platform;
(2) according to " the Water Functional Zone criteria for classifying " the research water system is carried out the water function subregion first time, determine water function subregion set A, attribute is one of drinking water source region, industrial pool, agricultural water district, fishery water district, consumable water of sight and amusement district and blowdown control zone;
(3) the subregion set A is carried out the subregion second time, obtain child partition B, the subregion foundation is water quality rank and hydraulic detention time, and is as shown in the table:
(4) for river regime, carry out for the third time subregion, to river child partition B
i, wherein i refers to i river child partition, at first calculates B
iThe mixed zone characteristic length L of section
i:
W is the river mean breadth in the formula, a be littoral sewage draining exit to the riverbank mean distance, u is the cross section of river mean flow rate, h is mean depth, I is the river bend coefficient, g is the gravity acceleration constant.
After obtaining mixed zone characteristic length L with child partition B
iBe equally divided into the n section, n=l
j/ L
i, l wherein
jBe B
iLength;
(5) for the lake situation, carry out for the third time subregion, to the child partition B of lake region
j, wherein j refers to j lake child partition, calculates B
jHydraulic detention time T in the zone
j:
A is the child partition water surface area in the formula, and H is mean depth, Q
OutBe average aquifer yield, Q
InFor average flow enters the water yield.
After obtaining hydraulic detention time with child partition B
jBe equally divided into the n piece, wherein n=max (4, T
j/ 7);
(6) in each child partition, B
iOr B
jN the characteristic area of determining in step (4) or (5) process merged: Short-Term Monitoring characteristic area water quality within wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and low water season respectively, survey frequency is not less than 1 time/week, the time interval was not less than for 4 weeks, the Classification of water Qualities of assessing each feature section or feature lake country according to the mean value of each index [adheres to one of I, II, III, IV, V separately, water environment quality standard (GB 3838-2002)], the adjacent characteristic area with identical water quality classification is merged, finally determine the feature zoning set C of whole water system
*
(7) default all initial websites are designated as set D, comprise existing website, gather C for the feature zoning
*The increase new site, and guarantee in following place newly-increased monitoring point is arranged: the important waters such as lake, river intersection, blowdown place of B-grade sewage factory, water conservancy scenic spot, municipal drinking water reservoir;
(8) to the default website of water function subregion inside, the data of using step (6) to monitor is divided wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and is calculated the water environment index matrix of each monitoring point low water season
, canonical matrix
With
, R wherein
ItBe the water environment index matrix in t period of i monitoring point, S
GtOptimal matrix during for t, S
BtWorst matrix during for t, γ
jBe water environment index, X
IjJ that is i monitoring point refers to target value, O
j, E
j, B
jBe respectively pollutant levels minimum value, average and the maximal value of monitoring point;
(9) " the best ", " worst " correlation function between calculating matrix to be optimized and two canonical matrix
With
, and " the best ", " worst " comprehensive correlation function
With
, φ wherein
jIt is the weight of j contamination index;
(10) with the K of different times
oAnd K
BBe coordinate axis, make respectively the scatter diagram of all websites to be optimized in wet season, the period when a river is at its normal level and three periods of low water season, space distribution aggregation features according to the figure mid point is finally chosen: to the website of independent characteristic is all arranged at two or three different times, be defined as website need to be set; To three not identical points of independent characteristic in period, be defined as interim website or merge.
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| CN109752502A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-14 | 苏州科技大学 | Establish method, the apparent water pollution classification method of landscape water body of the apparent water pollution classification model of landscape water body |
| CN111832792A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-10-27 | 吉林建筑大学 | Method and system for arranging pipe network water quality monitoring points based on sudden pollution events |
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