CN102894077A - Oscillating laminar-flow grain dryer - Google Patents

Oscillating laminar-flow grain dryer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102894077A
CN102894077A CN2012103359962A CN201210335996A CN102894077A CN 102894077 A CN102894077 A CN 102894077A CN 2012103359962 A CN2012103359962 A CN 2012103359962A CN 201210335996 A CN201210335996 A CN 201210335996A CN 102894077 A CN102894077 A CN 102894077A
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Prior art keywords
grain
laminar flow
material bed
oscillatory type
discharging opening
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CN2012103359962A
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CN102894077B (en
Inventor
刘廷瑜
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Harbin Beicang Grain Storage Project & Equipment Co Ltd
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Harbin Beicang Grain Storage Project & Equipment Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201210335996.2A priority Critical patent/CN102894077B/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to an oscillating laminar-flow grain dryer. Currently, a vertical grain drying tower is commonly used for grain drying in the world. The heat source of the vertical grain drying tower is coal, fuel oil, burning rice husks or straws generally; a burning material combusts in a hot-blast stove and generates hot wind, then grains are added, and the hot wind is introduced into the drying tower to evaporate moisture so as to reduce moisture in the grains. The oscillating laminar-flow grain dryer provided by the invention comprises a box (1) equipped with a damping device; the box is provided with a hot wind inlet (2), an air outlet (3), a feed inlet (4) and a discharge outlet (5), an oscillating material bed (6) is arranged in the box, a material chamber (7) is arranged above the oscillating material bed, a heating chamber (8) is arranged below the oscillating material bed, the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are communicated with the material chamber, and the hot wind inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the heating chamber. The oscillating laminar-flow grain dryer provided by the invention is used for grain drying.

Description

Oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drying plant, particularly with the oven dry grain of vibrated bed and the equipment of bulk granular object.
Background technology
Grain is human lives's necessity, and various countries all pay much attention to the grain-production deposit.Generally about 17%-32%, the safe moisture of grain storage is about 13% for the grain nature moisture of new harvesting, if therefore need safety stock grain, reach safe moisture must for grain precipitation can store.
The general mode of at present world food oven dry is to adopt vertical grain drying tower.Its thermal source generally comes spontaneous combustion coal, fuel oil, combustion rice husk, stalk, and fuel produces hot blast through Combustion of Hot Air Furnace, after grain is dropped into, hot blast is passed into drying tower, makes the moisture evaporation, and the moisture in the grain reduces.
This drying mode shortcoming is more:
1. the flue gas after the fuel combustion is general about 150 ℃, directly enters atmosphere, and the flue gas of heat does not utilize, and produces energy waste.
It is shorter that the heating that produces is passed the grain heap time with hot blast, and generally about a second, heat exchange is not thorough, and the have a surplus air of temperature of band directly enters atmosphere and causes energy waste after the exchange, and processing cost is high.
The while drying oven extracts the lower air of temperature and heats from atmosphere.Take my north as example, outdoor temperature extracts-20 ℃ of air and heats about-20 ℃ generally in the winter of cold season in oven dry, again gas above freezing about 40 ℃ is entered in the atmosphere after the heat exchange, and waste seriously.
Traditional tower oven dry hot blast need to penetrate 60-80cm grain heap, and hot blast can produce very large resistance when passing the grain heap, and energy loss is larger.
Traditional tower oven dry operation energy consumption is very large, and day its general power of oven dry 500T drying tower is 255kw, all is operate power, mainly is used on blower fan, the elevator, does not produce the oven dry heat.
The tower dryer height generally more than 20m, must be used the elevator lift grain, can produce certain fragmentation to grain, reduces grain quality.
Tower oven dry is because highly higher, and tower internal cause technological requirement need deposit more grain, day process a 500T drying tower need deposit 200T grain, so the drying tower basis has relatively high expectations, and cost is more expensive, and elevator also needs the basis simultaneously.
The tower dryer volume is larger, and the installation and transportation expense is higher.
Traditional drying tower operational sequence is complicated, and operation is with great difficulty breaking out of fire not, has every year fire incident to occur.
Traditional tower dryer output accommodation is little, and the optimal adaptation scope arrives daily output 100T for daily output 500T.Be greater than or less than this scope, price all can be higher, and the daily output is difficult to accomplish greater than the drying tower of 500T.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel drying plant that addresses the above problem, reduce cost, energy savings reduces warm gas discharging, reduces the oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device of drying cost.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device, its composition comprises: with the casing of damping device, have hot blast air inlet and gas outlet on the described casing, have charging aperture and discharging opening on the described casing, the vibration material bed is housed in the described casing, described vibration material bed top be that the supplies room below is heating clamber, described charging aperture and discharging opening and described supplies room UNICOM, described hot blast air inlet and gas outlet and described heating clamber UNICOM.
Described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device, described vibration material bed is the 1-15 layer, between the described vibration material bed gas barrier is housed, described supplies room and heating clamber height are respectively less than 20cm.
Described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device, described gas barrier has far infrared coating towards grain one side.
Described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device, described vibration material bed accessory has one group of through hole, and the length of described vibration material bed is more than 2 meters.
Described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device has cooling wind entrance and exit on the described casing, described cooling wind entrance and exit is positioned at discharging opening one side.
Described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device, described hot blast air inlet is positioned at described discharging opening one side, described gas outlet is positioned at described charging aperture one side, form grain and air-flow reverse flow, the air intlet connection of described gas outlet and hot-blast stove/or described air inlet be connected with the exhaust opening of hot-blast stove.
Described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device has moisture discharging opening on the described casing, has stepped stirring platform on the described vibration material bed and/or described vibration material bed accessory has 1-15 degree inclination angle.
A kind of oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit, its composition comprises: one group of above-mentioned vibrating drying machine, the discharging opening of last described vibrating drying machine and the charging aperture of next described vibrating drying machine are corresponding, pass through pipeline UNICOM between the air inlet of last described vibrating drying machine and the gas outlet of next described vibrating drying machine.
Described oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit is equipped with the tempering storehouse between the discharging opening of last described vibrating drying machine and the charging aperture of next described vibrating drying machine.
Described oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit, the air intlet of last described gas outlet and hot-blast stove be communicated with/or first described air inlet be connected with the exhaust opening of hot-blast stove; Have cooling wind entrance and exit on the described casing of last described viberating grain dryer, described cooling wind entrance and exit is positioned at discharging opening one side.
Beneficial effect:
1. the present invention adopts laminar-flow technique with the grain layering oven dry of making thinner, and heat exchange effect is obvious, adopts a long material bed heating technique, grain is tens seconds even several minutes with the material bench grafting time of touching, prolong grain and touch with heating material bench grafting, heat-exchange time is long, and heat exchange is abundant.Grain can make high-temperature gas fully contact with this layer grain with the hot gas reverse flow, and the low silo of exit cryogenic gas and temperature contact and can guarantee that gas is abundant with the grain exchange, temperature difference equilibrium between the exchange media.Air of the present invention need not to pass thick grain heap, only need to flow in heating clamber, so resistance is less, and the blower fan power consumption is lower.Need not to store a large amount of grains in the drying course of the present invention, own wt is lighter in addition, and is highly lower, therefore need not set up antifreeze basis, can save the capital construction expense.The food import place is the low-temperature space of equipment, and the temperature of grain and gas all is in minimum point, and the heat energy of heated air gets to the limit and utilizes, and the air hot type is lowerd, and effects of energy saving and emission reduction is good.
Requirement greater than 500T is difficult to realize traditional tower dryer for the daily output, make again very uneconomical for the daily output less than the agricultural miniature dryer of 100T, output requires to have significant limitation, the present invention adopts the layering oven dry, material bed number and width can be adjusted as required, the output boundary is wide in range, applicability is strong, has very large flexibility, the number of plies according to the vibration material bed is different with the speed of service, not only can be made into the equipment that satisfies kiloton requirement on the daily output but also can be made into the equipment that satisfies tens tons of peasant families uses of the daily output, thoroughly solved the difficult problem of peasant household's oven dry.
Be distributed with gas barrier between the vibration material bed and make each drying unit independent each other, can also can close one or several material bed in a group at the grain of same unit oven dry different in moisture different cultivars, adjust output.Higher for outdoor temperature, the original moisture of grain is not too high, and output requires when larger, and oven dry needn't be selected too high with hot blast temperature, so needn't recycle.Be beneficial to grain grain and hot blast heat exchange after the vibrated bed perforate.
Gas barrier can be avoided gas barrier bottom air to be heated with heat-insulation layer and flow into off-energy in the atmosphere.
The steam that moisture discharging opening on the casing can make grain produce is in time discharged casing, avoids the frosting residual titration.The stirring platform can make the grain upset, makes the grain grain contact more equably the vibration material bed of heating, and homogeneous heating by changing amplitude, bed surface inclination angle, can be adjusted grain flow velocity, thickness and flow, reaches best drying effect.
Set up temperature descending section at discharge end, make the grain cooling, reach environment temperature.Cooling can make the further precipitation of grain simultaneously, is beneficial to grain after temperature reduces and stores.
Large or the heated air temperature is low constantly at grain moisture content, dryer uses of can connecting in that grain moisture content is less when requiring simultaneously output larger, can in parallelly be used, and according to different cultivars, moisture, employing parallel connection or series connection way reach best drying effect.
It is inner that the tempering storehouse can make the grain surface temperature infiltrate, and makes the grain internal and external temperature reach balanced, is beneficial to moisture and separates out.
Special circumstances can be used hot heated air series connection according to EAT and grain moisture content situation, reach energy-saving effect.When the dryer series connection is used, can in series connection, set up temperature descending section by last discharge end, make the grain cooling reach environment temperature, be beneficial to grain after the cooling and store, also can further reduce moisture in the time of cooling.
Can utilize flue gas, so that the warm gas that air blast utilizes dryer to discharge is saved a large amount of heat energy.
The present invention uses as meter machine that dries in the air when not passing into heated air, passing into cold wind or normal temperature wind.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device.
Fig. 2 is the top view of this product.
Fig. 3 is the A-A profile of this product.
Fig. 4 is a kind of package assembly schematic diagram of oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit of this product.
Fig. 5 is the top view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the another kind of package assembly schematic diagram of the oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit of this product.
Fig. 7 is the another kind of package assembly schematic diagram (top view direction) of the oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit of this product.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation with the oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device of moisture discharging opening.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation with the oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device of cooling section.
Figure 10 is the top view of Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is the B-B profile of Fig. 9.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device, its composition comprises: with the casing 1 of damping device, have hot blast air inlet 2 and gas outlet 3 on the described casing 1, have the charging aperture 4 and the discharging opening 5 that are heated grain on the described casing, vibration material bed 6 is housed in the described casing, described vibration material bed top is heating clamber 8 for supplies room 7 belows, described charging aperture and discharging opening and described supplies room UNICOM, described hot blast air inlet and gas outlet and described heating clamber UNICOM.
Be heated grain above charging aperture 4 enters into vibration material bed 6 after, the vibration material bed will be heated grain and carry to the discharging opening direction, make popular and will stir by the vibration material bed in the course of conveying, and the uniform and calandria of grain--the vibration material bench grafting touches so that be heated, make the moisture evaporation, grain is dried.The gas of heating usefulness is heated below vibration material bed 6 after air inlet enters.
Embodiment 2:
Embodiment 1 described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device, described vibration material bed is the 1-15 layer, take the 5-10 layer as common, between the described vibration material bed gas barrier 9 is housed, and will be divided into mutually disconnected 2 spaces, supplies room and heating clambers between the vibration material bed.What trickle in the supplies room is to be heated the grain that is dried, and what trickle in the heating clamber is heated air.General about 10 centimeters of described supplies room and heating clamber height, moisture is large 5 centimeters, all be not less than 20cm, generally be no more than 35 centimeters in the extraordinary situation.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 2 described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying devices contact with the vibration material bed on the Zhuan You rotation stream dividing plate 10 , rotation stream dividing plate height above the described gas barrier, and the circuitous curve of route rule one-tenth with gas makes heating more balanced.Suo Shu De rotation stream dividing plate length is not less than 60% of dividing plate position material bedside degree, and Suo Shu De rotation flows on the dividing plate with the flow-disturbing hole, to avoid the dead angle.The length of described vibration material bed is more than 2 meters.Described gas barrier has far infrared coating towards grain one side, and described far infrared coating is positioned at discharging opening one side.
Described gas barrier has far infrared coating towards grain one side, when the temperature of heating clamber 8 reaches the far-infrared material release temperature, by far infrared grain is heated.
Embodiment 4
Above-mentioned oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device is the heated air of cleaning when what adopt, can select the material bed that one group of through hole is arranged at described vibration material bed accessory.The gas outlet of heated air is connected to the air inlet of hot-blast stove, and the hot-air that will be higher than environment temperature takes full advantage of.
This product can tiled arrangements, needn't build the foundation that drying tower needs, and has saved a large amount of costs.
Embodiment 5:
Above-mentioned oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device has cooling wind entrance 11 and outlet 12 on the described casing, described cooling wind entrance and exit is positioned near the discharging opening one, and the both sides of the casing that is placed in make the grain cooling reach storage temperature.
Embodiment 6:
Above-mentioned oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device, described hot blast air inlet is positioned at described discharging opening one side, described gas outlet is positioned at described charging aperture one side, form the temperature difference between grain and air-flow reverse flow assurance hot-air and the grain, guarantee to raise gradually to the exit temperature at the food import place.When utilizing the heating of hot-blast stove smoke discharging, described air inlet is connected with the exhaust opening of hot-blast stove for the hot-blast stove group.
Embodiment 7:
Above-mentioned oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device does not have in the situation in hole when having gas barrier and vibration material bed, preferably has moisture discharging opening 12 on the described casing.Concentrate to reduce moisture, improve drying effect.
Has stepped stirring platform on the described vibration material bed.
Described vibration material bed accessory has 1-15 degree inclination angle.
Embodiment 8
A kind of oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit, its composition comprises: the series system that can adopt of above-mentioned a plurality of vibrating drying machines is connected, the discharging opening of last described vibrating drying machine and the charging aperture of next described vibrating drying machine are corresponding, pass through pipeline UNICOM between the air inlet of last described vibrating drying machine and the gas outlet of next described vibrating drying machine.
Embodiment 9:
Above-mentioned oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit for so that the grain surface is consistent with inner temperature, is equipped with the tempering storehouse between the discharging opening of last described vibrating drying machine and the charging aperture of next described vibrating drying machine.So that the inside and outside temperature of grain is more balanced, next step oven dry is more effective.
Embodiment 10:
Above-mentioned oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit, last described gas outlet is communicated with the air intlet of hot-blast stove or first described air inlet is connected with the exhaust opening of hot-blast stove.Do the flue gas Returning utilization.
Have cooling wind entrance and exit on the described casing of last described viberating grain dryer, described cooling wind entrance and exit is positioned at discharging opening one side.
Effect and reason are as described in the top embodiment.

Claims (10)

1. oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device, its composition comprises: with the casing of damping device, have hot blast air inlet and gas outlet on the described casing, have charging aperture and discharging opening on the described casing, it is characterized in that: the vibration material bed is housed in the described casing, described vibration material bed top be that the supplies room below is heating clamber, described charging aperture and discharging opening and described supplies room UNICOM, described hot blast air inlet and gas outlet and described heating clamber UNICOM.
2. described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vibration material bed is the 1-15 layer, between the described vibration material bed gas barrier is housed, described supplies room and heating clamber height are respectively less than 20cm.
3. described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described gas barrier has far infrared coating towards grain one side.
4. described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described vibration material bed accessory has one group of through hole, and the length of described vibration material bed is more than 2 meters.
5. oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: have cooling wind entrance and exit on the described casing, described cooling wind entrance and exit is positioned at discharging opening one side.
6. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying devices, it is characterized in that: described hot blast air inlet is positioned at described discharging opening one side, described gas outlet is positioned at described charging aperture one side, form grain and air-flow reverse flow, the air intlet connection of described gas outlet and hot-blast stove/or described air inlet be connected with the exhaust opening of hot-blast stove.
7. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying devices, it is characterized in that: have moisture discharging opening on the described casing, have stepped stirring platform on the described vibration material bed and/or described vibration material bed accessory has 1-15 degree inclination angle.
8. oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit, its composition comprises: one group of described vibrating drying machine of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: the discharging opening of last described vibrating drying machine and the charging aperture of next described vibrating drying machine are corresponding, pass through pipeline UNICOM between the air inlet of last described vibrating drying machine and the gas outlet of next described vibrating drying machine.
9. oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying unit according to claim 8 is characterized in that: between the discharging opening of last described vibrating drying machine and the charging aperture of next described vibrating drying machine the tempering storehouse is housed.
10. it is characterized in that according to claim 8 or 9 described oscillatory type laminar flow grain heat-drying units: last described gas outlet is communicated with the air intlet of hot-blast stove/or first described air inlet be connected with the exhaust opening of hot-blast stove; Have cooling wind entrance and exit on the described casing of last described viberating grain dryer, described cooling wind entrance and exit is positioned at discharging opening one side.
CN201210335996.2A 2012-09-12 2012-09-12 Oscillatory type laminar flow foodstuff drying device Expired - Fee Related CN102894077B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104041579A (en) * 2014-07-01 2014-09-17 国家粮食局科学研究院 Infrared convection combined drying device
CN105053184A (en) * 2015-08-20 2015-11-18 成都市新津迎先粮油有限公司 Rotary drum type grain dryer
CN106359571A (en) * 2015-07-20 2017-02-01 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Variable air flow multi-tower heat pump grain drying system
CN106679391A (en) * 2017-02-26 2017-05-17 密山市越扬烘干机械制造有限公司 Movable three-temperature-zone dryer
CN112728887A (en) * 2021-01-25 2021-04-30 安徽燃博智能科技有限公司 High-temperature combined heat exchange type drying device

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CN202800027U (en) * 2012-09-12 2013-03-20 哈尔滨北仓粮食仓储工程设备有限公司 Vibrating laminar flow grain drying machine

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104041579A (en) * 2014-07-01 2014-09-17 国家粮食局科学研究院 Infrared convection combined drying device
CN104041579B (en) * 2014-07-01 2016-03-23 国家粮食局科学研究院 Infrared convection combined drying device
CN106359571A (en) * 2015-07-20 2017-02-01 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Variable air flow multi-tower heat pump grain drying system
CN105053184A (en) * 2015-08-20 2015-11-18 成都市新津迎先粮油有限公司 Rotary drum type grain dryer
CN106679391A (en) * 2017-02-26 2017-05-17 密山市越扬烘干机械制造有限公司 Movable three-temperature-zone dryer
CN112728887A (en) * 2021-01-25 2021-04-30 安徽燃博智能科技有限公司 High-temperature combined heat exchange type drying device

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