CN102891956A - Method for designing compression imaging system based on coded aperture lens array - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for designing a compression imaging system based on a coded aperture lens array. The compression imaging system comprises a field stop array, a coded aperture template array, a sub-aperture splicing lens array, a coded sampling template array and a detector image surface array, wherein the field stop array partitions a large scene; the coded aperture template array performs spatial light modulation on rays from a scene target; the modulated rays are converged by the sub-aperture splicing lens array; the converged rays are spatially sampled by the coded sampling template array which is positioned at the front end of a focal plane; and the detector image surface array is used for compression imaging. The compression imaging system based on the coded aperture lens array can synchronously compress and sample the target scene, the sampling frequency of an image signal and data storage and transmission cost can be greatly reduced, a storage space required by a measurement matrix can be greatly reduced by partitioning and imaging the large scene through the sub-aperture splicing lens array, and the calibration working amount of an optical system is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of based on the code aperture lens arra be compressed into the picture design method, the high-resolution imaging system that can be used for different spectral coverage belongs to optical imaging field.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of people to the image information demand, the signal bandwidth of carrying image information is more and more wider.Picture signal take the Nyquist sampling thheorem as the basis is processed framework with regard to sampling rate and processing speed and day sharp increase of inevitable requirement imaging system.More high-resolution, more intensive sampling, large nuber of images signal obtains and transmits so that traditional imaging system is hardware and algorithm aspect and all be faced with huge challenge.For tackling this problem, in actual application, people often add transducer with DSP, reduce the cost of data storage, processing and transmission with compression mechanism.But but cause from another point of view system need to carry out loaded down with trivial details image area conversion, coefficient ordering and encoding and decoding work, additionally increased complexity and the cost of transducer.Yet make us feeling that regrettably what the result of high-speed sampling brought but is to be abandoned above 80% non-significant data.This traditional " high-speed sampling " again the imaging pattern of " compression " wasted a large amount of sampling resources.If can realize when reducing data volume, can carrying the complete information of original image to the sampling of the synchronous compression of image information, can avoid sample the first complex data of rear compression of traditional imaging mode to process and transmission course.Thereby reduce dramatically sample frequency and data storage and the transmission cost of picture signal, reduce significantly the hardware cost of imaging system.
The compression imaging technique is the brand-new scientific research direction that develops rapidly on the basis of compressive sensing theory.2006, famous American scientist Cand é s and Donoho formally proposed compressive sensing theory on the correlative study basis.This theoretical breakthrough Nyquist sampling thheorem bottleneck, think the bandwidth that the sampling quantity of signal is not depended on signal, and depend on the internal structure of signal.If signal is sparse or is sparse in certain transform domain, so just can be uncorrelated with transform-based with one and the measurement matrix of satisfied constraint isometry with the higher-dimension signal projection to lower dimensional space.From a small amount of projection measurement, reconstruct primary signal with high probability by finding the solution minimum 0-norm optimization problem.There are the rice university of the U.S., Arizona university, MIT, Duke university and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology etc. in the main unit of studying for the compression imaging technique at present.The rice university of the U.S. in 2006 successfully develops single pixel digital camera.Its design principle is by light path system imageable target to be projected to the enterprising row space light modulation of Digital Micromirror Device, and to single photodiode, the magnitude of voltage at photodiode two ends is a measured value to its reverberation by lens focus.With this projection operation repeatedly, can obtain a plurality of measured values.Adopt minimum full variation image reconstruction algorithm to recover the original object image.The people such as WL Chan propose the terahertz imaging new method based on single pixel camera concept, have overcome the shortcoming of existing terahertz imaging system, and higher processing speed and stronger detectivity can be provided.The people such as the Baheti of Arizona university and Neifeld have carried out the improvement of light channel structure to single pixel camera of rice university's exploitation, make its optical texture compacter, and the efficiency of light energy utilization is more efficient.The researcher of University of Delaware is applied to electron microscopy system with the thought of single pixel imaging.Yet single pixel compression imaging system is the picture signal with the working method output squeezing sampling of serial.What it adopted is that Digital Micromirror Device is carried out spatial light modulation to imageable target, needs sample projection repeatedly, could obtain to reconstruct the required measured value of original image, so system is comparatively consuming time.The picture that is compressed into for moving scene or video image has certain limitation.
The freeman research group of MIT proposes to adopt the compression imaging mode of random reflected mirror.Be that with traditional imaging mode significant difference system is made of reflecting optics group and the detector of plane mirror, arbitrarily splicing.Because the light from every bit on the object all might be via at random reflex reflector lens imaging on detector, therefore the reflex reflector lens of splicing is actually the function that has realized the accidental projection matrix arbitrarily.But system adopts the eyeglass realization of arbitrarily splicing to the random measurement of target image, therefore exists projection matrix to demarcate difficult problem.
The research group of Duke university proposes to adopt the code aperture with the picture that is compressed into of parallel mode realize target object.But because this work just tentatively launches, with regard to the coding mode in aperture, the relation between the recovery precision of the size in aperture and code aperture template and compressed image is not all carried out deep research.In addition, the projection matrix staking-out work amount of this compression imaging system is huge.Being compressed into as the technological difficulties that become this system of large scene image.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome existing picture system imaging overlong time, the problem that projection matrix staking-out work amount is large of being compressed into.Compression imaging system based on the code aperture lens arra adopts the field stop array to realize the piecemeal of large scene is processed, whole optical system is divided into some sub-optical systems with same form and function, code aperture template array carries out spatial light modulation to scene objects, utilize the sub-aperture stitching lens arra to realize the optical system imaging of large visual field, and adopt coded sample template array that the converging ray that system produces is carried out stochastical sampling, realize the picture that is compressed into of single exposure.System is easy to processing and detects, and can realize the high-resolution imaging of large visual field, low resolution detector, can be applicable to the high resolution optical imaging of different spectral coverage.
Detailed content of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, by field stop array 1, code aperture template array 2, sub-aperture stitching lens arra 3, coded sample template array 4 and detector image planes array 5 consists of.
Field stop array 1 is between scene and code aperture template array 2, all subtemplates in the code aperture template array 2 all are the code aperture diaphragms that adopts the specific coding mode, sub-aperture stitching lens arra 3 is positive light coke sub-lens of n * n sub-aperture stitching, n is arithmetic number, the structure of its sub-aperture stitching lens arra as shown in Figure 2, the coded system of all subtemplates all is the gaussian random coded system in the coded sample template array 4, and coded sample template array 4 is positioned at the front end of focus planardetector array image planes 5.
Operation principle of the present invention: can be compressed into picture at detector image planes array 5 in order to make the scene objects object in the large field range, system adopts the imaging mode of code aperture lens arra.If the target scene is d to the distance of sub-aperture stitching array, the effect of field stop array 1 is the impartial piecemeal of finishing large scene, it is between scene and code aperture template array, if its distance to the sub-aperture stitching lens arra is t, code aperture template array 2 is used for scene objects is carried out spatial light modulation, its lens sphere of being close in the sub-aperture stitching array is placed, shine after the spatial light modulation of scene objects through code aperture template array 2 and produce the picture of assembling on the lens arra 3 of sub-aperture stitching, process is close to the stochastical sampling of the coded sample template array 4 of detector surface, finally imaging on detector image planes array 5.Wherein, this optical system is to be spliced to form by some sub-optical systems with same form and function, and determining and can being obtained by geometric optics knowledge of the design parameter of the optical texture of every sub-optical system can be calculated derivation as follows:
If h is sub-field stop half-breadth, h
lBe the clear aperture half-breadth of sub-lens, h
mVertical half-breadth for each segmented areas, L is the spacing of field stop array neutron field stop, Δ is the spacing of sub-lens in the sub-aperture stitching lens arra, t is that the field stop array is to the distance of sub-aperture stitching array, d is the distance that scene arrives the sub-aperture stitching array, and S is that scene is to the distance of field stop array.
At first determine the half-breadth h of each field stop in the field stop array, the clear aperture half-breadth h of each sub-lens in the sub-aperture stitching lens arra
lAnd piecemeal scene half-breadth h
mBetween relation.
By shown in Figure 4, can obtain following formula according to geometric knowledge:
Δ MNG can get similar in appearance to Δ CDG:
Δ GZC can get similar in appearance to Δ GOB:
Again because of d
1+ d
2=t
Can obtain formula by above-mentioned three formulas:
Secondly, determine the spacing of sub-field stop.As shown in Figure 5, its derivation is as follows:
PO＝QZ＝2h+L
So the spacing of sub-field stop is: L=2h
m-2h (2)
Determine at last the spacing of sub-lens in the sub-aperture stitching lens arra.As shown in Figure 6, its concrete derivation is as follows:
Δ MUV can get similar in appearance to Δ FDV:
Δ FDV can get similar in appearance to Δ EBV:
Wherein, S=d-t.
Can obtain formula by above-mentioned two formulas:
By above-mentioned (1), (2), (3) formula as can be known, if we select wherein some parameter, can determine the optical texture of this system fully.
This imaging system is according to x, y, z right hand space coordinates ordered arrangement, and the z direction of principal axis is optical axis direction, and the y axle is in diagram 2 planes, and the x axle is perpendicular to the yz plane, and the yz coordinate plane is the meridian plane of optical system.Field stop array 1, code aperture template array 2, the optical axis of the optical axis of all subsystems and system is parallel in the sub-aperture stitching lens arra 3, coded sample template array 4 and detector image planes array 5, is arranged in order in the direction of propagation of light, as shown in Figure 3.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: this compression imaging system adopts the code aperture lens arra that the scene objects object is carried out spatial light modulation, finish synchronously sampling and the compression of picture signal, realize large visual field, the high-resolution picture that is compressed into, thereby greatly the storage of the sample frequency of the reduction picture signal of degree and data and transmission cost significantly reduce the required image data amount that obtains from the source.System configuration is simple, be easy to processing and detect, and is particularly suitable for being applied in the limited field of hardware resource, airborne or Embedded high-resolution light imager system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1-field stop array, 2-code aperture template array, 3-sub-aperture stitching lens arra, 4-coded sample template array, 5-detector image planes array.
Fig. 2 is sub-aperture stitching lens arra schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the coordinate system schematic diagram that the present invention adopts.
Fig. 4 is for calculating the half-breadth of sub-field stop, the geometric representation of sub-lens clear aperture half-breadth and piecemeal scene half-breadth Relations Among.
Fig. 5 is for calculating the geometric representation of sub-field stop spacing.
Fig. 6 is for calculating the geometric representation of sub-aperture stitching lens arra neutron lenticular spacing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the implementation example the present invention is described in further details.At this, illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used for explanation the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
The present invention implements by structure shown in Figure 1, its detailed content as shown in Figure 1, system is by field stop array 1, code aperture template array 2, sub-aperture stitching lens arra 3, coded sample template array 4 and detector image planes array 5 consist of.
As shown in Figure 1, the sub-systems B in the scene is as the example explanation.The scene light of subsystem B is first by corresponding sub-field stop, and this sub-field stop can effectively make the scene light of regional B pass through, and intercepts the light close on scene areas and pass through, thereby realizes the impartial piecemeal to whole scene.This corresponding sub-code aperture of sub-optical system masterplate of light process by sub-field stop, realization is to the spatial light modulation of this area image information, and the light after the modulation is radiated in the sub-aperture stitching lens arra on the corresponding sub-lens, wherein, all sub-lens in the described lens arra comprise following arbitrary material: acrylic resin, cyclic olefine copolymer, polystyrene, lucite, Ultem, Tyril, Merton, or polymethylpentene etc.Finally by imaging in ccd detector or other detector array behind the corresponding sub-coded sample masterplate to realize being compressed into picture.Wherein, square or the circular shuttering that all sub-code aperture templates in the code aperture template array 2, all the sub-coded sample templates in the coded sample template array 4 can adopt grid type to distribute, to between the micron, material can adopt glass material to the size of grid between nanometer.The light transmittance of each grid can adopt the loop coding mode on the template of sub-code aperture, and each grid light transmittance can adopt the pseudo-gaussian random coded system of 0-1 on the sub-coded sample template.
This optical system is according to x, y, z right hand space coordinates ordered arrangement, and the z direction of principal axis is optical axis direction, and the y axle is in diagram 3 planes, and the x axle is perpendicular to the yz plane, and the yz coordinate plane is the meridian plane of optical system.
Above-described specific descriptions; purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect to invention further describe; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; the protection range that is not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. basic coding aperture lens array is compressed into as design method, thereby it is characterized in that adopting the field stop array to limit incident ray realizes the piecemeal of large scene is processed, code aperture template array with specific coding form carries out spatial light modulation to the target light from scene, light after the modulation enters the sub-aperture stitching lens arra and produces convergence, the converging ray again coded sample template array through being positioned at the focal plane front end carries out the space light sampling, finally is compressed into picture at detector image planes array.
According to claim 1 a kind of based on the code aperture lens arra being compressed into the picture design method, be further characterized in that, adopting the field stop array that scene is carried out piecemeal processes, thereby whole optical system is divided into some sub-optical systems with same form, and then realizes the joining image-forming of large scene.
According to claim 1 a kind of based on the code aperture lens arra being compressed into the picture design method, be further characterized in that the specific coding form of all code aperture templates that code aperture template array comprises all adopts loop coding or Teoplitz coding.
According to claim 1 a kind of based on the code aperture lens arra being compressed into the picture design method, be further characterized in that, the sub-aperture stitching lens arra is n * n the sub-lens with positive light coke, n is arithmetic number, wherein the sub-lens in the sub-aperture stitching lens arra all has identical specification, and the clear aperture half-breadth h of each sub-lens
l, piecemeal scene half-breadth h
m, the half-breadth h size of each field stop satisfies relational expression in the field stop array:
Wherein, t be the field stop array to the distance of sub-aperture stitching array, d is the distance that scene arrives the sub-aperture stitching array, S is that scene is to the distance of field stop array.
According to claim 1 a kind of based on the code aperture lens arra being compressed into the picture design method, be further characterized in that, be arranged in all coded sample templates that the coded sample template array of focal plane front end comprises and all adopt the random Gaussian coding form.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN103384300A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-06 | 西安电子科技大学 | Super-resolution imaging system based on compressed coding apertures |
| CN104503070A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 上海交通大学 | Wide-visual-field microscopic imaging system and method based on compressed sensing |
| CN106067162A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-11-02 | 西安电子科技大学 | Integration imaging super-resolution micro unit pattern matrix gathers and reconstructing method |
| CN108051368A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of periodicity sub-wavelength array of orifices sample template and its imaging method |
| CN109410153A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Object phase restoration methods based on code aperture and spatial light modulator |
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| CN108051368A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of periodicity sub-wavelength array of orifices sample template and its imaging method |
| CN109410153B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2021-11-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Object phase recovery method based on coded aperture and spatial light modulator |
| CN109410153A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Object phase restoration methods based on code aperture and spatial light modulator |
| CN109596069A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Object phase restoration methods based on distortion grating and code aperture |
| CN110231292A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-13 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | A kind of single pixel THz wave imaging method and system |
| CN110569824A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-13 | 成都费恩格尔微电子技术有限公司 | optical structure for collecting biological characteristic graph and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111458861A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Transformable spatial light modulator assembly and method based on diaphragm and electric platform |
| CN114119343A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-03-01 | 浙江大学 | Dark field image storage method utilizing sparse matrix characteristic |
| CN114119343B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-02-28 | 浙江大学 | Dark field image storage method utilizing sparse matrix characteristic |
| CN115103198A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-23 | 北京理工大学 | Intensity coding type dual-channel compression imaging method and system with real exit pupil |
| CN115103198B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2024-06-04 | 北京理工大学 | Intensity coding type dual-channel compression imaging method and system with real exit pupil |
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Application publication date: 20130123 |