CN102891617A - Passive voltage-equalizing control circuit - Google Patents
Passive voltage-equalizing control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN102891617A CN102891617A CN2011102000498A CN201110200049A CN102891617A CN 102891617 A CN102891617 A CN 102891617A CN 2011102000498 A CN2011102000498 A CN 2011102000498A CN 201110200049 A CN201110200049 A CN 201110200049A CN 102891617 A CN102891617 A CN 102891617A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a passive voltage-equalizing control circuit. The passive voltage-equalizing control circuit is characterized by comprising a cascade inverter topology structure device, wherein each phase of cascade circuit in the cascade inverter topology structure device comprises N levels of H bridge units connected in series; each H bridge unit consists of a rectifier and an inverter and is connected with a single-phase isolation transformer; in each phase of cascade circuit, the input end of each single-phase isolation transformer is connected with the AC (alternating current) output end of one level of H bridge unit; the output end of the single-phase isolation transformer is connected with the DC (direct current) input end of the next level of H bridge unit; the output end of the last level of the single-phase isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the first level of the H bridge unit; in each phase of cascade circuit, the output end of any level of rectifier is connected in parallel with a charging rectifier; and the AC input end of the charging rectifier is connected with a charging return circuit through a charging isolation transformer. The passive voltage-equalizing control circuit has the characteristics of simple circuit topology, high reliability, high efficiency and the like and can be widely applied to cascade inverter topology structures with imbalanced DC capacitance voltage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control circuit in a kind of electrical equipment technical field, particularly about a kind of for control cascade inversion topological structure dc capacitor voltage unbalanced passive equalizing control circuit.
Background technology
Along with the gradually raising that daily production and life require power supply quality, electric network reactive compensation and harmonic wave control etc. more and more comes into one's own.Simultaneously, power electronic technology advances fast in recent years, is in the emphasis research and development for the idle of medium voltage distribution network and harmonic wave control technology.For the electric pressure of 6KV～35KV, H bridge cascaded topology is because simple for structure, and modularity is strong, need not transformer and just can realize direct grid-connected, is a proper selection.Use based on the STATCOM (static reactive generator) of H bridge cascading topological structure is existing, and promoting gradually, based on the APF (active filter) of H bridge cascading topological structure also in the middle of research and development.For reactive power compensation and harmonic wave control, device does not need to exchange active power with electrical network, only need to obtain because the required active power of loss that device and parasitic parameter etc. produce from electrical network, this kind equipment for cascade inversion topological structure, because the dc bus capacitor of each cascade unit is in suspended state, therefore because following main cause can cause capacitance voltage unbalanced: 1, the pulse of semiconductor power switch triggering is undesirable.2, the parasitic parameter in device parameters and the circuit is inconsistent between the unit.3, modulator approach and the dead time are so that every grade trigger impulse may be different.
For the unbalanced problem of capacitance voltage, can suppress by the measure of hardware and software.At present, the hardware method for equalizing voltage often adopts the auxiliary equal hydraulic circuits of formation such as additional subordinate inverter, and Energy Transfer between controlled stage is realized Pressure and Control, and adjunct circuit needs the circuit such as special detection, control, driving, more complicated, and reliability is low, and cost is high; It is more satisfactory means that software is all pressed, efficient is high, by the adjusting to every grade of H bridge unit master's inverter bridge duty ratio, can realize power adjustments to a certain degree, so that dc voltage can be tending towards balanced, but need to special voltage detecting be set for each H bridge unit, control, the circuit such as communication, when Cascade H bridge number of unit is many, DC voltage control to each H bridge unit can obviously increase the software amount of calculation, be unfavorable for the raising of running software speed, especially for APF, dynamic responding speed requires very high, can be affected, even the harmonic compensation deleterious.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, reliability is higher, efficient is higher, can realize the passive equalizing control circuit that charge initiation is incorporated into the power networks without impact.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of passive equalizing control circuit, it is characterized in that: it comprises cascade inversion topological constructional device, every phase cascade circuit includes the H bridge unit of N level series connection in the described cascade inversion topological constructional device, each described H bridge unit forms by rectifier and inverter, all connects a single-phase isolating transformer on each described H bridge unit; In described every phase cascade circuit, the input of each described single-phase isolating transformer connects the ac output end of inverter in the described H bridge of the one-level unit, the output of described single-phase isolating transformer connects the input of rectifier in the described H bridge of the next stage unit, and the described single-phase isolating transformer output of afterbody connects the input of rectifier in the described H bridge of the first order unit; In described every phase cascade circuit, at the output of any described rectifier of one-level charging rectifier in parallel; The ac input end of described charging rectifier connects charge circuit through a charging isolating transformer.
Described charge circuit comprises three-phase charge power supply, three charging current limiter resistance and two three phase controlling switch; The output of described three-phase charge power supply connect successively first described control switch and second described control switch, behind second described control switch described three charging current limiter resistance in parallel, the described charge circuit of access after connecting with the armature winding of three described charging isolating transformers respectively.
Described charge circuit adopts synchronous charging mode or order charging modes.
Described charging isolating transformer comprises armature winding and rectification winding, and described armature winding connects described charge circuit after adopting star structure or triangular structure again, and described rectification winding connects the output of described rectifier.
Each described single-phase isolating transformer includes armature winding and rectification winding, and described armature winding connects the output of inverter in the described H bridge unit, and described rectification winding connects the input of rectifier in the described H bridge of the next stage unit.
Described single-phase isolating transformer is provided with N * 3 altogether, and wherein, N is the cascade number of H bridge unit in the described cascade inversion topological constructional device.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is because employing is provided with single-phase isolating transformer in the H bridge unit of cascade inversion topological constructional device cascade, the input of each single-phase isolating transformer is connected with the H bridge unit output of upper level, the output of single-phase isolating transformer is connected with the H bridge unit input of next stage, the output of the single-phase isolating transformer of afterbody connects the H bridge unit input of the first order, form loop circuit, need not to arrange subordinate inverter and detection, the circuit such as control and communication, its circuit topology is succinct.2, the present invention is owing to only utilizing transformer and rectifier, and switching loss is little, works along with main circuit work, and circuit efficiency is higher.3, the present invention is owing to only adopting single-phase isolating transformer and rectifier to carry out the transmission of energy and isolation, processing imbalance power, reliability increases with respect to subordinate inverter, and there is not the Detection ﹠ Controling link, strong to bad working environments ability to bears such as excess Temperature, overloads.Therefore, when having realized high reliability, also greatly provide cost savings.4, the present invention is owing to a charging rectifier in parallel on the rectifier in any one-level H bridge unit, and charging rectifier connects charge circuit through the charging isolating transformer, and then has realized that by charge circuit the charge initiation of passive equalizing control circuit is incorporated into the power networks without impact.The present invention can be widely used in the unbalanced cascade inversion topological of the dc capacitor voltage structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein, and N=4;
Fig. 2 is rectifier structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes the passive equalizing control circuit of the device of a kind of H of being applied to bridge cascade static reacance generator (STATCOM), active filter (APF), similar mixing arrangement and tandem type dc bus capacitor suspension situation, specifically adopt isolating transformer and single-phase rectifier to realize the control that dc bus capacitor is all pressed, this passive equalizing circuit can solve the unbalanced problem of dc capacitor voltage that exists based on the STATCOM of H bridge cascaded topology or APF, and charge initiation that can implement device is incorporated into the power networks without impact.Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes the cascade inversion topological constructional device that has dc bus capacitor suspension situation in the prior art, wherein, every phase cascade circuit includes the H bridge unit of N level series connection in the cascade inversion topological constructional device, each H bridge unit forms by rectifier 1 and inverter 2, and all connect a single-phase isolating transformer 3 on each H bridge unit, be provided with altogether N * 3 a single-phase isolating transformer 3.In every phase cascade circuit, the input of each single-phase isolating transformer 3 connects the ac output end of inverter 2 in the one-level H bridge unit, the output of single-phase isolating transformer 3 connects the direct-flow input end of rectifier 1 in the next stage H bridge unit, single-phase isolating transformer 3 outputs of afterbody connect the direct-flow input end of rectifier 1 in the first order H bridge unit, the equal hydraulic circuit of looping.
In every phase cascade circuit, can be positioned at afterbody or any output of the rectifier 1 of one-level H bridge unit charging rectifier 4 in parallel wherein, be used for Energy Transfer and the electrical isolation of charge initiation.The ac input end of charging rectifier 4 connects charge circuit 6 through a charging isolating transformer 5, can realize that by charge circuit 6 charge initiation of passive equalizing control circuit of the present invention is incorporated into the power networks without impact.
Wherein, charging isolating transformer 5 comprises armature winding and rectification winding, after wherein armature winding can be connected to star or triangle, connects charge circuit 6 again, and the rectification winding connects the output of rectifier 1.Charge power supply after charging isolating transformer 5 and charging rectifier 4 rectifications direct voltage equate with H bridge unit direct voltage working value in the cascade inversion topological constructional device.Need insulation voltage and main electric line voltage level to match between two windings of charging isolating transformer 5.
As shown in Figure 1, in the various embodiments described above, charge circuit 6 comprises three-phase charge power supply U, three charging current limiter resistance R
a, R
bAnd R
cAnd two three phase controlling switch K
1, K
2The output of three-phase charge power supply U first control switch K that connects successively
1With second control switch K
2, second control switch K
2Three charging current limiter resistance R in parallel
a, R
bAnd R
cAfter, access charge circuit 6 after connecting with the armature winding of three charging isolating transformers 5 respectively, thus realize soft charging.Wherein, first control switch K
1Control always opening and turn-offing, second control switch K of charge circuit 6
2As by-pass switch.
Charge circuit 6 has synchronous charging and the two kinds of charging modes that sequentially charge, and the charging principle of its each charging modes is as follows:
(1) synchronous charging: when equipment will start, the direct voltage of each H bridge unit is zero, utilize the main circuit invert function of cascade inversion topological constructional device this moment, each H bridge cell operation is at inverter mode, owing to there not being direct voltage, produce at this moment closed first control switch K therefore do not have electric current
1, charging voltage can be through three charging current limiter resistance R
a, R
bAnd R
cBe added on three charging isolating transformers 5, the rectification winding of charging isolating transformer 5 charges to this grade H bridge unit behind rectifier 1, this grade H bridge unit main circuit can to the charging of next stage H bridge unit, by that analogy, be realized the charging of whole circuit after inverter 2 inversions simultaneously.The direct voltage that injects H bridge unit when charging is during near operating voltage, as second control switch K of by-pass switch
2Closure is with three charging current limiter resistance R
a, R
bAnd R
cBypass, each H bridge unit dc voltage is charged to work electricity value the most at last.The main circuit of cascade this moment inversion topological constructional device can close a floodgate and be incorporated into the power networks, can two control switch K of tripping after being incorporated into the power networks
1, K
2, excision charge circuit 6.
(2) order charging: during device start, each H bridge unit main circuit all is in off state, perhaps the PWM blocked styate.Closed first control switch K
1, charge circuit 6 can inject H bridge unit (Fig. 1 first order H unit) to charging and charge, when its direct voltage during near working value, and closed second control switch K
2Dc voltage can reach operating voltage (a little time-delay) very soon, open this H bridge unit master's bridge PWM invert function after stable, make the PWM modulating wave slowly increase (namely can adopt the power frequency Sine Modulated, the amplitude of modulating wave slowly increases from zero) from zero, namely realize the soft charging to next stage H bridge unit, after stable, next stage H bridge unit master's bridge also can be realized main bridge PWM invert function, and the PWM modulating wave increases gradually, by that analogy, finally realize the charging of all H bridge unit.After all H bridge cell voltage all reached working value, the main circuit of cascade inversion topological constructional device can close a floodgate, and was incorporated into the power networks, can two control switch K of tripping after being incorporated into the power networks
1, K
2, excision charge circuit 6.
In two kinds of charging modes, only need in the DC side of charging H bridge last with it unit, H bridge unit voltage sensor to be set, do not need to increase too much voltage sensor; Or only needing one group of direct current voltage sensor that connects charging injection unit, other link realizes by time-delay, when equipment is incorporated into the power networks work, can only use the one-level direct current voltage sensor, carries out function of tonic chord control.When front a kind of synchronous charging mode was fit to final operation startup, rear a kind of order charging modes was fit to the debug phase, when powering on especially for the first time.
In above-described embodiment, each single-phase isolating transformer 3 includes armature winding and two windings of rectification winding, and armature winding connects the output of inverter 2 in the H bridge unit, and the rectification winding connects the input of rectifier 1 in the next stage H bridge unit.Need insulation voltage and line voltage level to match between two windings.Be n for identical H bridge unit direct voltage is arranged: the cascade structure of N-shaped, single-phase isolating transformer parameter is identical, and elementary and winding and rectification winding no-load voltage ratio are n: n; Be the structure of n: m for H bridge unit direct voltage, corresponding single-phase isolating transformer no-load voltage ratio is n: m.
As shown in Figure 2, in the various embodiments described above, each rectifier 1 includes one by four rectifier diode D
1～D
4Single-phase rectification bridge, a filter reactor L of consisting of
fWith one group of filter capacitor (not shown), this filter capacitor also can adopt H bridge dc capacitor to replace.Filter reactor in the rectifier 1 can be chosen the inductance of the less iron core of sense value or FERRITE CORE.Rectifier 1 is converted to direct current with the alternating current of single-phase isolating transformer 3 rectification windings output.
In the various embodiments described above, passive equalizing control circuit of the present invention can be applied in the device of H bridge cascade static reacance generator (STATCOM), active filter (APF), mixing arrangement and tandem type dc bus capacitor suspension situation.
In sum, the present invention in use, in the main circuit course of work of cascade inversion topological constructional device, the inverter 2 of all H bridge unit all is operated in inverter mode, each H bridge unit output voltage directly is added on single-phase isolating transformer 3 armature windings of this H bridge unit connection, if there is certain grade of H bridge unit direct voltage V
Dcj(such as the j level) uprises for some reason, and the PWM voltage magnitude of this H bridge unit inversion output also can increase, and namely acts on the voltage magnitude V of the single-phase isolating transformer 3 of its AC connection
Acj1Will uprise its single-phase isolating transformer 3 rectification winding output voltage V
Acj2(PWM type) can and then uprise, and after process rectifier 1 was got amplitude, the amplitude voltage that obtains also was higher, and is connected next H bridge unit direct voltage V with the rectification winding
Dcj-1If be lower than a upper H bridge unit, then have electric current and from rectifier 1, flow into this H bridge unit DC side, namely there is power to inject this H bridge unit DC side, realize boosting, and a upper H bridge unit has power to send with regard to corresponding, realize step-down; Otherwise, if the direct voltage of a certain H bridge unit reduces, then having power and send one-level H bridge unit from it, the direct voltage of this H bridge unit can raise, and obtains the unbalanced inhibition of voltage.
For every phase cascade circuit, the single-phase isolating transformer 3 rectification sides that are positioned at orlop H bridge unit are connected to the superiors' H bridge unit DC side, thereby whole equal hydraulic circuit consists of a loop, anyplace direct voltage deflects away from the situation of mean value in the loop, will occur unidirectional power in the loop and flow and the deviation of inhibition voltage, finally be tending towards relatively more balanced.
System is under the condition of being incorporated into the power networks, and state stops from stopping to transfer operation to or moving to transfer to, and equalizer circuit is in running order all the time, does not affect the direct switching of equipment state.
During system works, because operating mode is different, inverter 2 fundamental voltage output of voltage amounts can be conditioned, the amplitude of possible first-harmonic amount is less than or greater than dc voltage value, but single-phase isolating transformer 3 can be transferred to rectification side winding with most of voltage harmonic, so that the open circuit voltage waveform of rectification side winding also is the PWM type, rectifier bridge the amplitude detection function arranged, therefore only can judge the voltage waveform amplitude of rectification winding, and can not be equivalent to fundametal compoment rectification among the PWM fully, within a short period of time, realize the equilibrium of all H bridge unit direct voltages.
The various embodiments described above only are used for explanation the present invention; the structure of each parts and connected mode all can change to some extent; on the basis of technical solution of the present invention; all improvement and equivalents of connection and the structure of individual component being carried out according to the principle of the invention all should not got rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. passive equalizing control circuit, it is characterized in that: it comprises cascade inversion topological constructional device, every phase cascade circuit includes the H bridge unit of N level series connection in the described cascade inversion topological constructional device, each described H bridge unit forms by rectifier and inverter, all connects a single-phase isolating transformer on each described H bridge unit; In described every phase cascade circuit, the input of each described single-phase isolating transformer connects the ac output end of inverter in the described H bridge of the one-level unit, the output of described single-phase isolating transformer connects the input of rectifier in the described H bridge of the next stage unit, and the described single-phase isolating transformer output of afterbody connects the input of rectifier in the described H bridge of the first order unit;
In described every phase cascade circuit, at the output of any described rectifier of one-level charging rectifier in parallel; The ac input end of described charging rectifier connects charge circuit through a charging isolating transformer.
2. a kind of passive equalizing control circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described charge circuit comprises three-phase charge power supply, three charging current limiter resistance and two three phase controlling switch; The output of described three-phase charge power supply connect successively first described control switch and second described control switch, behind second described control switch described three charging current limiter resistance in parallel, the described charge circuit of access after connecting with the armature winding of three described charging isolating transformers respectively.
3. a kind of passive equalizing control circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described charge circuit employing synchronous charging mode or order charging modes.
4. a kind of passive equalizing control circuit as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described charge circuit employing synchronous charging mode or order charging modes.
5. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 a kind of passive equalizing control circuit, it is characterized in that: described charging isolating transformer comprises armature winding and rectification winding, after described armature winding adopts star structure or triangular structure, connect described charge circuit, described rectification winding connects the output of described rectifier again.
6. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 a kind of passive equalizing control circuit, it is characterized in that: each described single-phase isolating transformer includes armature winding and rectification winding, described armature winding connects the output of inverter in the described H bridge unit, and described rectification winding connects the input of rectifier in the described H bridge of the next stage unit.
7. a kind of passive equalizing control circuit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: each described single-phase isolating transformer includes armature winding and rectification winding, described armature winding connects the output of inverter in the described H bridge unit, and described rectification winding connects the input of rectifier in the described H bridge of the next stage unit.
8. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 a kind of passive equalizing control circuit is characterized in that: described single-phase isolating transformer is provided with N * 3 altogether, and wherein, N is the cascade number of H bridge unit in the described cascade inversion topological constructional device.
9. a kind of passive equalizing control circuit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described single-phase isolating transformer is provided with N * 3 altogether, and wherein, N is the cascade number of H bridge unit in the described cascade inversion topological constructional device.
10. a kind of passive equalizing control circuit as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described single-phase isolating transformer is provided with N * 3 altogether, and wherein, N is the cascade number of H bridge unit in the described cascade inversion topological constructional device.
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| CN2011102000498A CN102891617A (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2011-07-18 | Passive voltage-equalizing control circuit |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102000498A CN102891617A (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2011-07-18 | Passive voltage-equalizing control circuit |
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| CN103401251A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-20 | 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 | Static voltage-sharing system of power units in chained SVG |
| CN103746542A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-23 | 芜湖国睿兆伏电子有限公司 | Circuit for eliminating pulse impacting of pulse transformer |
| CN103986308A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-08-13 | 清华大学 | Dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of direct-current capacitor of multilevel converter |
| CN104426346A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-18 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Self-excitation soft start method for chain-type converter valve |
| CN105490286A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-13 | 江苏省电力公司电力经济技术研究院 | H-bridge cascade-based flexible cutting device for capacitor bank |
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| CN103986308A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-08-13 | 清华大学 | Dynamic voltage-sharing circuit of direct-current capacitor of multilevel converter |
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| CN105490286A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-13 | 江苏省电力公司电力经济技术研究院 | H-bridge cascade-based flexible cutting device for capacitor bank |
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