CN102889858B - Method for monitoring displacement of anchoring structure by using laser - Google Patents
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种悬索桥位移监测方法，尤其涉及一种利用激光进行锚碇结构位移监测的方法。 The invention relates to a method for monitoring the displacement of a suspension bridge, in particular to a method for monitoring the displacement of an anchorage structure by using a laser.
背景技术 Background technique
悬索桥是最常用的特大型、大型桥梁桥型之一，这些大型桥梁都处于各个交通要道，投资巨大，投资和维护费用为各种桥型之冠。运营过程中，车流量很大，负荷繁重，对国民经济建设具有不可低估的重要意义。这些桥梁一旦发生安全事故，对于国家的经济建设和社会的稳定都将造成严重的后果。由于悬索桥锚碇承受着来自主缆的水平力和竖向反力，是主要承载结构之一。一旦锚碇结构发生破坏，会造成桥毁人亡的特大事故，后果不堪设想。 Suspension bridge is one of the most commonly used extra-large and large-scale bridge types. These large-scale bridges are located in various traffic arteries, and the investment is huge, and the investment and maintenance costs are the highest among all bridge types. During the operation process, the traffic flow is very large and the load is heavy, which is of great significance to the construction of the national economy that cannot be underestimated. Once a safety accident occurs on these bridges, it will have serious consequences for the country's economic construction and social stability. Since the anchorage of the suspension bridge bears the horizontal force and vertical reaction force from the main cable, it is one of the main bearing structures. Once the anchorage structure is damaged, it will cause a catastrophic accident of bridge destruction, and the consequences will be disastrous.
隧道式锚碇必须埋置在工程地质条件较好的围岩中，因此在运营过程当中围岩的稳定性至关重要。水蚀环境会降低隧道式锚碇围岩与重力式锚碇基础的稳定性，改变锚碇的受力与变形，导致锚室开裂与偏位、锚头与散索鞍锈蚀等病害的发生，进而影响桥梁结构的运营安全。因此，针对水蚀环境下的悬索桥锚固区进行安全监测十分必要，需要针对悬索桥锚固区，开展监测与技术状况评价、预警技术与装置研发。 Tunnel anchors must be embedded in surrounding rocks with good engineering geological conditions, so the stability of surrounding rocks is very important during operation. The water erosion environment will reduce the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel-type anchorage and the foundation of the gravity-type anchorage, change the force and deformation of the anchorage, and lead to the occurrence of cracking and deviation of the anchor chamber, corrosion of the anchor head and loose cable saddle, etc. Affect the operational safety of the bridge structure. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out safety monitoring for the anchorage area of the suspension bridge under the water erosion environment, and it is necessary to carry out monitoring and technical status evaluation, early warning technology and device research and development for the anchorage area of the suspension bridge.
悬索桥锚固区的受力与变形采集对评判桥梁的技术状况至关重要。对结构应力进行监测，需要布设许多应变片或光纤、智能传感器，成本很高；而对结构位移进行监测，只需在锚固区中布设少数控制点就可以反演锚碇结构的受力与损伤情况。 The force and deformation collection of the anchorage area of the suspension bridge is very important to judge the technical status of the bridge. To monitor structural stress, many strain gauges, optical fibers, and smart sensors need to be deployed, which is very costly; while to monitor structural displacement, only a few control points need to be deployed in the anchorage area to invert the force and damage of the anchorage structure Condition.
但目前还没有专门的方法和装置对锚固区的位移进行精确监测。 However, there is no special method and device for accurate monitoring of the displacement of the anchorage area.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中的不足之处，本发明的目的在于提供一种利用激光进行锚碇结构位移监测的方法。 In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring the displacement of anchorage structures using laser light.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用了如下技术方案： In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
利用激光进行锚碇结构位移监测的方法，在该方法中采用了一种激光监测装置，激光监测装置包括激光器、反光镜和激光光斑接收靶；监测方法包括如下步骤： A method for monitoring the displacement of an anchorage structure using a laser. In the method, a laser monitoring device is used. The laser monitoring device includes a laser, a mirror and a laser spot receiving target; the monitoring method includes the following steps:
1）将激光器固定安装在锚室外，将反光镜安装在锚室内，激光光斑接收靶安装在锚固区表面； 1) Fix the laser in the anchor chamber, install the reflector in the anchor chamber, and install the laser spot receiving target on the surface of the anchorage area;
2）开启激光器，调整激光光线、反光镜和激光光斑接收靶，使激光经反光镜反射后以一定的角度照射到激光光斑接收靶上； 2) Turn on the laser, adjust the laser light, reflector and laser spot receiving target, so that the laser is reflected by the reflector and irradiates the laser spot receiving target at a certain angle;
3）根据激光光斑接收靶上的光斑位移计算锚固区在受力方向上的位移： 3) Calculate the displacement of the anchoring area in the direction of force according to the displacement of the laser spot on the receiving target:
3.1）经反光镜反射后的激光光线与激光光斑接收靶的靶面之间有一夹角 ；在一定的检测频率内，对光斑在激光光斑接收靶的靶面上沿靶面移动的位移L 2 进行采集； 3.1) There is an angle between the laser light reflected by the mirror and the target surface of the laser spot receiving target ; Within a certain detection frequency, the displacement L2 of the spot moving along the target surface on the target surface of the laser spot receiving target is collected;
3.2）将每次采集的位移L 2 带入激光光斑接收靶上下移动的位移L 1 的计算公式：，计算出激光光斑接收靶上下移动的位移L 1 ； 3.2) The displacement L 2 collected each time is brought into the calculation formula of the displacement L 1 of the laser spot receiving target moving up and down: , calculate the displacement L 1 of the laser spot receiving target moving up and down;
3.3）获得锚固区的蠕动频率、幅度、长期走势相关数据。 3.3) Obtain data related to creep frequency, amplitude and long-term trend of the anchorage area.
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述激光光斑接收靶可以为多个，形成一个监测面，实现对锚固区整体形状变化的监测。 As a preferred solution of the present invention, there may be multiple receiving targets for the laser spot to form a monitoring surface to monitor the overall shape change of the anchoring area.
作为本发明的另一种优选方案，所述激光光斑接收靶与计算机相连，实现数据的实时接收与长期数据存储。 As another preferred solution of the present invention, the laser spot receiving target is connected with a computer to realize real-time data reception and long-term data storage.
作为本发明的又一种优选方案，所述激光光斑接收靶与Internet或移动通信网络连接，实现在远程的数据监控、存储和分析。 As another preferred solution of the present invention, the laser spot receiving target is connected to the Internet or a mobile communication network to realize remote data monitoring, storage and analysis.
本发明的有益效果是：该利用激光进行锚碇结构位移监测的方法可有效的得到锚固区的蠕动频率、幅度和长期走势等相关数据，监测精度高，监测速度快，可直接与网络连接，达到物联网的要求；同时该方法检测成本低。 The beneficial effect of the present invention is: the method of using laser to monitor the displacement of the anchorage structure can effectively obtain relevant data such as the creep frequency, amplitude and long-term trend of the anchorage area, the monitoring accuracy is high, the monitoring speed is fast, and it can be directly connected to the network. The requirements of the Internet of Things are met; meanwhile, the detection cost of the method is low.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为激光监测装置安装的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is the structural representation of laser monitoring device installation;
图2为激光光斑接收靶移动前后的结构示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the laser spot receiving target before and after moving.
附图中： 1—激光器； 2—反光镜； 3—激光光斑接收靶； 4—锚固区； 5—激光光线； 6—主缆； 7—细缆； 8—移动前的靶面； 9—移动后的靶面； 10—法线。 In the attached drawings: 1—laser; 2—mirror; 3—laser spot receiving target; 4—anchor area; 5—laser light; 6—main cable; 7—thin cable; 8—target surface before moving; 9— The moving target surface; 10—normal.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细地描述。 The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1、2所示，利用激光进行锚碇结构位移监测的方法，在该方法中采用了一种激光监测装置，激光监测装置包括激光器1、反光镜2和激光光斑接收靶3。 As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the method of using laser to monitor the displacement of the anchorage structure adopts a laser monitoring device. The laser monitoring device includes a laser 1, a mirror 2 and a laser spot receiving target 3.
利用激光进行锚碇结构位移监测的方法，包括如下步骤： A method for monitoring the displacement of an anchorage structure using a laser, comprising the steps of:
1）将激光器1固定安装在锚室外，将反光镜2安装在锚室内，激光光斑接收靶3安装在锚固区4表面。 1) The laser 1 is fixedly installed in the anchor chamber, the reflector 2 is installed in the anchor chamber, and the laser spot receiving target 3 is installed on the surface of the anchor area 4.
2）开启激光器1，调整激光光线5、反光镜2和激光光斑接收靶3，使激光经反光镜2反射后以一定的角度照射到激光光斑接收靶3上。 2) Turn on the laser 1, adjust the laser light 5, the reflector 2 and the laser spot receiving target 3, so that the laser is reflected by the reflector 2 and irradiates the laser spot receiving target 3 at a certain angle.
3）根据激光光斑接收靶3上的光斑位移计算锚固区5在受力方向上的位移： 3) Calculate the displacement of the anchoring area 5 in the direction of force according to the displacement of the laser spot on the receiving target 3:
3.1）由于激光光斑接收靶3安装在锚固区4上，当锚固区4受力变化而发生上下蠕动时，激光光斑接收靶3的靶面随之上下移动。激光光斑接收靶3经反光镜2反射后的激光光线与激光光斑接收靶3的靶面之间有一夹角。在一定的检测频率内，对光斑在激光光斑接收靶3的靶面上沿靶面移动的位移L 2 进行采集（设定一定的监测周期或频率，如20HZ，则每秒对光斑位移进行20次采集和计算）； 3.1) Since the laser spot receiving target 3 is installed on the anchoring area 4, when the anchoring area 4 undergoes force changes and creeps up and down, the target surface of the laser spot receiving target 3 moves up and down accordingly. There is an angle between the laser spot receiving target 3 reflected by the mirror 2 and the target surface of the laser spot receiving target 3 . Within a certain detection frequency, the displacement L2 of the light spot moving along the target surface on the target surface of the laser spot receiving target 3 is collected (if a certain monitoring period or frequency is set , such as 20HZ, the displacement of the light spot is carried out 20 times per second. second acquisition and calculation);
3.2）将每次采集的位移L 2 带入激光光斑接收靶上下移动的位移L 1 的计算公式：，计算出激光光斑接收靶上下移动的位移L 1 ； 3.2) The displacement L 2 collected each time is brought into the calculation formula of the displacement L 1 of the laser spot receiving target moving up and down: , calculate the displacement L 1 of the laser spot receiving target moving up and down;
3.3）获得锚固区的蠕动频率（即检测频率）、幅度、长期走势等相关数据。 3.3) Obtain relevant data such as creep frequency (ie, detection frequency), amplitude, and long-term trend of the anchorage area.
该方法的优点是监测的精度高，可到达0.05毫米；监测的速度快，可达到25HZ以上。激光光斑接收靶与计算机相连，实现数据的实时接收与长期数据存储。激光光斑接收靶与Internet或移动通信网络连接，实现在远程的数据监控、存储和分析。 The advantage of this method is that the monitoring accuracy is high, which can reach 0.05mm; the monitoring speed is fast, which can reach more than 25HZ. The laser spot receiving target is connected with the computer to realize real-time data reception and long-term data storage. The laser spot receiving target is connected to the Internet or mobile communication network to realize remote data monitoring, storage and analysis.
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。 Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution, should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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| CN104165592A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-11-26 | 国家电网公司 | Switch cabinet trolley displacement monitoring method |
| CN103292711A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-11 | 国家电网公司 | Displacement monitoring device for trolley of switch cabinet |
| CN104330037B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2017-02-08 | 重庆交通大学 | Displacement monitoring device and method for laser projection type anchorage structure |
| CN106767444A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-31 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | A kind of displacement structure monitoring system and related monitoring method |
| CN106970390B (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2020-10-02 | 三峡大学 | Method and device for measuring telescopic displacement of underground telescopic hollow mechanism |
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| CN101315274A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2008-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | A monitoring device and real-time monitoring method for bridge vibration deformation |
| CN101344383A (en) * | 2008-09-01 | 2009-01-14 | 扬州大学 | Laser Amplified Measurement Method of Bending and Torsional Structure Deformation |
| CN101718529A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-06-02 | 重庆大学 | Multi-beam deformation detecting device and use method thereof |
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| CN101315274A (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2008-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | A monitoring device and real-time monitoring method for bridge vibration deformation |
| CN101344383A (en) * | 2008-09-01 | 2009-01-14 | 扬州大学 | Laser Amplified Measurement Method of Bending and Torsional Structure Deformation |
| CN101718529A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-06-02 | 重庆大学 | Multi-beam deformation detecting device and use method thereof |
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