CN102882313A - Special high/low-speed multi-motor clutch type combined brushless DC (direct current) motor for passenger car - Google Patents
Special high/low-speed multi-motor clutch type combined brushless DC (direct current) motor for passenger car Download PDFInfo
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- CN102882313A CN102882313A CN2012104216294A CN201210421629A CN102882313A CN 102882313 A CN102882313 A CN 102882313A CN 2012104216294 A CN2012104216294 A CN 2012104216294A CN 201210421629 A CN201210421629 A CN 201210421629A CN 102882313 A CN102882313 A CN 102882313A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special high/low-speed multi-motor clutch type combined brushless DC (direct current) motor for a passenger car. The motor comprises more than two rotation shafts; the rotation shafts are sequentially and coaxially connected through a one-way clutch; each rotation shaft is provided with a rotor; a stator is mounted in a base corresponding to each rotor so as to form more than two independent sub-motors; mutual interference among the electric circuits and magnetic circuits of the sub-motors is avoided; the sub-motor beside an end cover of a non-shaft extension end is an auxiliary torque increasing motor with low rotation speed and high torque, and the other sub-motors are main motors with high rotation speed and low torque; the winding circuit and the Hall sensor circuit of each sub-motor are independent and are respectively connected to respective controllers; and an external DC power supply is connected with each controller through a group of power switches, and controls the power on/off of each sub-motor. Through the invention, the problems that the brushless DC motor has low start torsion and high power, the cost of a high-peak current controller is excessively high and the like are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to passenger car special DC motor, be specifically related to a kind of many electric motor clutchs of passenger car Special high-low speed formula combination brushless DC motor.
Background technology
At present, the motor of China's electric passenger vehicle use is brush DC motors and brushless DC motor basically.The advantage of brush DC motors is that starting current is large, and it is large to start torsion, and shortcoming is that efficient is lower, and in use need change brush and slip ring, maintenance difficult.The advantage of brushless DC motor is that efficient is high, freedom from repairs, and shortcoming is that starting current and torsion are less than brush DC motors, is difficult to satisfy the function needs of direct drive electric passenger car.In order to overcome the little shortcoming of brushless motor starting current and torsion, there is at present employing to increase startup torsion by the method that controller increases substantially peak current.Employing increases substantially the method for peak current, and the little problem of startup torsion of motor is to have solved, but the cost of controller also increased substantially, and the user is difficult to accept.Generally, needed power and torsion changed often when electric passenger vehicle travelled, it is little when time thes be large, off and on, motor is only at the section operation near rated power, motor just has high efficient, and when electric passenger vehicle in starting and when climbing, required torsion is very large, and when perhaps normally travelling when electric passenger vehicle empty wagons light load with on smooth road surface, required torsion is very little, electric passenger vehicle travels under these two kinds of operating modes, motor is in overload or near Light Condition, the efficient of motor is all very low, at this moment can form larger waste.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the existing defects of existing electric passenger vehicle motor, a kind of electric passenger vehicle brushless DC motor that high many electric motor clutchs of low speed formula special-purpose, that can increase startup torsion, energy savings makes up is provided, has solved simultaneously the problem of high-power high peak current controller high cost.
The objective of the invention is to realize by the following technical solutions: many electric motor clutchs of this passenger car Special high-low speed formula combination brushless DC motor, comprise support, support two ends end cap, be installed on the bearing in the end cap; Be characterized in: it comprises the rotating shaft more than two, and each rotating shaft connects by one-way clutch successively concentric; A rotor is installed in the every rotating shaft, in support corresponding to each rotor a stator is installed, thereby form more than two separately independently separated motor, circuit and magnetic circuit between each separated motor all do not interfere with each other; In each separated motor, be that auxiliary the increasing of the high moment of torsion of the slow-speed of revolution turned round motor near an other separated motor of non-shaft stretching end end cap, remaining separated motor is the main motor of the low moment of torsion of high rotating speed, and main motor and auxiliary increasing are turned round motor and adopt the design of different rated speeds; Between each adjacent separated motor end cap is installed, bearing is installed in the end cap, bearing is used for an end of supporting revolving shaft; It is described that auxiliary to increase winding circuit, the Hall element circuit of turning round motor and each main motor all independent separately, and be connected respectively on separately the controller, external dc power is connected with each controller by one group of power change-over switch, and controls the on/off of each separated motor.
Further, described one-way clutch comprises ball bearing and voussoir, and voussoir is installed between outer shroud and the interior ring, voussoir than poor greater than the radius of outer shroud and interior ring of long-diagonal length, voussoir than poor less than the radius of outer shroud and interior ring of short diagonal length.
According to actual needs, the main motor in the described separated motor is inner rotor core, assist to increase and turn round motor or be inner rotor core, and perhaps be outer-rotor structure.
Operation principle of the present invention and process are as follows: the function of main motor is to provide power for passenger car normally travels, and the auxiliary function of turning round motor that increases is to assist main motor that enough torsion is provided during for passenger car starting and climbing.Main motor is turned round the different rated speed design of motor employing with auxiliary increasing, main motor is high-speed electric expreess locomotive, increase that to turn round motor be slowspeed machine, take full advantage of the high rotating speed of main motor, low moment of torsion, increase the high moment of torsion of motor, the slow-revving characteristics turned round, main motor is identical with technical parameter between the main motor, and main motor is turned round between the motor except rotating speed is different from increasing, the other technologies parameter can be identical, also can be not identical.Main motor and main motor, main motor and auxiliaryly increase the rotating shaft of turning round between the motor and all adopt one-way clutch to connect.One-way clutch is comprised of ball bearing and voussoir, and by the ball bearing bearing radial force, voussoir bears moment of torsion, combines to realize the function of single direction rotation; Can only the single direction transmission when power source drives passive device forward, power source and driven element with rotating speed, can carry out transmission of power, and can not carry out transmission of power when power source will drive when passive device counter-rotating or power source stall or power source speed are lower than the driven element rotating speed, power source can separate automatically with driven element.When main motor with increase the rotating speed of turning round motor forward and all separated motors when identical, main motor and increase the power of turning round motor and all can transmit step by step by one-way clutch, when main motor forward, increase and turn round motor reversal or stop operating or rotating speed when being lower than main motor speed, increase and turn round motor and automatically separate under the effect of one-way clutch with main motor, increase the power of turning round motor and cannot be delivered in the rotating shaft of main motor; In like manner, also only under the forward prerequisite consistent with rotating speed, carry out transmission of power between main motor and the main motor.Taking full advantage of the one-way clutch forward closes, can transferring power, counter-rotating and stall be from, characteristics that cannot transferring power, avoided motor to turn round motor and main motor to circuit, magnetic circuit and the machinery interference of the main motor that also is in operation by out of service the increasing of designing program in running.Electric passenger vehicle starting and when climbing motor be in the low cruise state, the torsion that passenger car needs is maximum, this moment main motor and increase and turn round motor and start simultaneously operation, main motor and increase the gearbox that the power of turning round motor can all be delivered to passenger car; And when passenger car when normally travelling on smooth road surface after the starting, the torsion that passenger car needs is compared during with climbing with starting, greatly reduce, this moment, the speed of passenger car was got up, main motor moves closer to high-speed cruising, to turn round motor be slowspeed machine owing to increase, increase the rotating speed that the rotating speed of turning round motor has been unable to catch up with main motor this moment, increase the axis that the power of turning round motor output can not pass to by one-way clutch main motor, increase and turn round motor and be in idling conditions, by the circuit control board, increasing under the idling conditions can be set, and to turn round motor be out of service; And travel or during descending in the empty wagons light load when passenger car, the required power of passenger car is less, again can a main motor is out of service by the circuit control board; And need large torsion when passenger car runs into climbing, and speed lowers, and motor speed by the circuit control board, increases and turns round motor and main motor can partly or entirely be opened operation again when becoming low speed at a high speed.Motor is at section operation unloaded and overload, efficient is very low, make motor as much as possible at the section operation near rated power, overall efficiency just can improve, adopt this high many electric motor clutchs of low speed formula combination brushless DC motor, take full advantage of the high rotating speed of high-speed electric expreess locomotive, low moment of torsion, the high moment of torsion of slowspeed machine, slow-revving characteristics, can realize that the torsion of motor output and power and passenger car required torsion and power under various operating modes is complementary, to reach the operational efficiency that improves motor, the purpose of energy savings, simultaneously, need not to change the motor controller peak current, controller changes low power many into by powerful separate unit, with existing power output with the increase controller, improve the method for controller peak current and compare, decrease the manufacturing cost of controller, thereby the manufacturing cost of motor package unit is reduced significantly.
It is as follows that the present invention and existing direct drive electric passenger car motor are compared the beneficial effect that produces:
(1) solves brushless DC motor and started the torsion less, be difficult to satisfy the problem of direct drive electric passenger car functional requirement.Adopt high many electric motor clutchs of low speed formula combination brushless DC motor, take full advantage of the high rotating speed of high-speed electric expreess locomotive, low moment of torsion, the high moment of torsion of slowspeed machine, slow-revving characteristics, the torsion of realization motor output and power and passenger car required torsion and power under various operating modes is complementary, it is interval to have improved the motor high-efficiency operation, it is interval to have reduced the motor fallback, thereby the overall efficiency of motor is greatly improved, avoided sometimes low load with strong power of existing motor, the drawback that wastes energy, energy savings.
(2) solved problem high-power, high peak current controller high cost, high-power high peak current controller manufacturing cost is high, small-power low peak current controller is cheap for manufacturing cost, controller changes low power many into by powerful separate unit, with existing power output with the increase controller, improve the method for controller peak current and compare, decrease the manufacturing cost of controller, thereby the manufacturing cost of motor package unit is reduced significantly.
(3) it is low to have overcome existing brush DC motors efficient, the shortcoming of maintenance difficult.
The present invention is adapted to especially as the direct drive electric passenger car, provides power with electric passenger vehicle, the mine tractor of mechanical speed change gear, and also being adapted to provides power for other equipment that power in running and torsion change often.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the motor interior structural representation of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the motor one-way clutch fundamental diagram of the embodiment of the invention, and wherein, figure a is the one-way clutch counter-rotating end view when free, the end view when figure b is one-way clutch forward locking, and figure c is voussoir enlarged diagram partly.
Fig. 3 is motor control system connection diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the critical piece of present embodiment has a support, four end caps, four bearings, three rotating shafts, two one-way clutch, three stators, three rotors, three groups of Hall elements, three controllers, a diverter switch.Three rotating shafts, three stators, three rotors and three groups of Hall elements form three independently separated motors, three separated motors share a casing, be arranged in parallel within on the same axis, the rotating shaft of three separated motors is connected by two one-way clutch, the power supply lead wire of three separated motors is connected with Hall element respectively and is connected with separately controller, the power line of three controllers connects diverter switch, and diverter switch connects DC power supply.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, DC power supply 16 is connected with the power change-over switch 17 of being controlled by the smart circuit control board, electric current entered respectively main electric machine controller 18 in 17 minutes three the tunnel through power change-over switch, main electric machine controller 19, increase and turn round electric machine controller 20, electric current enters by rotating shaft 6 after main electric machine controller 18 frequency conversions form the three-phase square wave direct current, stator 9, the main motor 21 that rotor 12 forms, after forming the three-phase square wave direct current, main electric machine controller 19 frequency conversions enter by rotating shaft 7, stator 10, the main motor 22 that rotor 13 forms, enter by rotating shaft 8 after electric machine controller 20 frequency conversions form the three-phase square wave direct current through increasing to turn round, stator 11, motor 23 is turned round in increasing that rotor 14 forms, enter main motor 21,22 and increase the frequency conversion square wave current of turning round motor 23 and produce rotating magnetic field at separately stator core, rotating magnetic field and separately epitrochanterian set magnet permanent body interaction drive separately rotor and rotating shaft rotation.Power during main motor 21 operation directly transmits output by rotating shaft 6, power during main motor 22 operation is delivered to rotating shaft 6 by rotating shaft 7 by one-way clutch 15, again by rotating shaft 6 outputs, the power that increases when turning round motor 23 operation is delivered to rotating shaft 7 by rotating shaft 8 by one-way clutch 15, be delivered to rotating shaft 6 by one-way clutch 15 again, again by rotating shaft 6 outputs.Shown in Figure 3 is present embodiment one-way clutch fundamental diagram, and wherein, 151 is voussoir, and 152 is outer shroud, and 153 is interior ring.Main motor 21,22 is the high-speed electric expreess locomotive with rotating speed, increase and turn round motor 23 and be slowspeed machine, two main motors and one increase and turn round motor and can move simultaneously when the slow-speed of revolution, the power of each motor can transmit simultaneously, during high rotating speed, increase the power of turning round motor 23 and cannot transmit under the separation of one-way clutch 15, increase this moment turns round motor 23 zero loads, and it is out of service by diverter switch 17 that increasing when unloaded turned round motor 23; During high rotating speed, main motor 21 and 22 power still can transmit by one-way clutch 15, also can stop transmission of power after by diverter switch 17 that main motor 22 is out of service.Main motor 21,22 and increase and turn round motor 23 and can shut down is simultaneously shut down respectively and can only be in order turned round the motor 23 from increasing, more main motor 22, more main motor 21; Main motor 21,22 and increase and turn round motor 23 and can start simultaneously start, starting start respectively can only be in order from main motor 21, and main motor 22 increases and turns round motor 23 again.Be installed in main motor 21,22 and increase turn round motor 23 separately the rotor position information that detects of inner Hall element 24,25,26 feed back to respectively simultaneously main electric machine controller 18,19 and increase and turn round electric machine controller 20, controller 18,19,20 carries out frequency conversion, changes the sense of current and the connection of being connected three-phase current and disconnection source current according to Hall element 24,25,26 feedback information respectively.The left end of end cap 2 interior installation bearing 501 support and connection rotating shafts 6, the right-hand member of end cap 401 interior installation bearing 502 support and connection rotating shafts 6, end cap 402 is installed the right-hand member of bearing 503 support and connection rotating shafts 7, and end cap 3 is installed the right-hand member of bearing 504 support and connection rotating shafts 8.
The main motor 21 of present embodiment, 22 and increase and turn round motor 23 when passenger car starting needs large torsion high-power, open simultaneously, after the passenger car starting, reach certain speed, increase and turn round motor 23 meetings because progressively being unable to catch up with main motor 21,22 rotating speed and unloaded out of service, when passenger car empty wagons light load is normally travelled in the smooth-riding surface or descent run when needing little torsion small-power, main motor 22 also can stop by automatic or manual, when passenger car runs into torsion that climbing needs and power and suddenly increases, after the rotating speed of motor can lower rapidly, main motor 21,22 and increase and turn round motor 23 and can partly or entirely open again.
Motor of the present invention also can be one and increase and turn round motor (slowspeed machine) and join a main motor (high-speed electric expreess locomotive); Also can be one increases and turns round motor (slowspeed machine) and join a main motor (middle speed motor) and another main motor (high-speed electric expreess locomotive); Also can be one increases and turns round motor (slowspeed machine) and join many main motors (middle speed motor) and other many main motors (high-speed electric expreess locomotive).The brushless DC motor of many separated motors of the high low speed disengaging type that same principle is made according to the present invention is also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. many electric motor clutchs of passenger car Special high-low speed formula combination brushless DC motor, comprise support, support two ends end cap, be installed on the bearing in the end cap; It is characterized in that: it comprises the rotating shaft more than two, and each rotating shaft connects by one-way clutch successively concentric; A rotor is installed in the every rotating shaft, in support corresponding to each rotor a stator is installed, thereby form more than two separately independently separated motor, circuit and magnetic circuit between each separated motor all do not interfere with each other; In each separated motor, be that auxiliary the increasing of the high moment of torsion of the slow-speed of revolution turned round motor near an other separated motor of non-shaft stretching end end cap, remaining separated motor is the main motor of the low moment of torsion of high rotating speed, and main motor and auxiliary increasing are turned round motor and adopt the design of different rated speeds; Between each adjacent separated motor end cap is installed, bearing is installed in the end cap, bearing is used for an end of supporting revolving shaft; It is described that auxiliary to increase winding circuit, the Hall element circuit of turning round motor and each main motor all independent separately, and be connected respectively on separately the controller, external dc power is connected with each controller by one group of power change-over switch, and controls the on/off of each separated motor.
2. many electric motor clutchs of passenger car Special high-low speed formula according to claim 1 makes up brushless DC motor, it is characterized in that: described one-way clutch comprises ball bearing and voussoir, voussoir is installed between outer shroud and the interior ring, voussoir than poor greater than the radius of outer shroud and interior ring of long-diagonal length, voussoir than poor less than the radius of outer shroud and interior ring of short diagonal length.
3. many electric motor clutchs of passenger car Special high-low speed formula according to claim 1 and 2 makes up brushless DC motor, it is characterized in that: it comprises three rotating shafts, two one-way clutch connect three rotating shafts successively concentric, turn round motor and two main motors thereby form auxiliary increasing; End cap between each adjacent separated motor is installed in the support.
4. many electric motor clutchs of passenger car Special high-low speed formula according to claim 1 and 2 makes up brushless DC motor, it is characterized in that: the main motor in the described separated motor is inner rotor core, assisting to increase and turn round motor or be inner rotor core, perhaps is outer-rotor structure.
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| CN2012104216294A CN102882313A (en) | 2012-10-29 | 2012-10-29 | Special high/low-speed multi-motor clutch type combined brushless DC (direct current) motor for passenger car |
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| CN2012104216294A CN102882313A (en) | 2012-10-29 | 2012-10-29 | Special high/low-speed multi-motor clutch type combined brushless DC (direct current) motor for passenger car |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103552483A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-05 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Electric automobile driving system based on cascaded motors and driving method of driving system |
| CN105794093A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-07-20 | Arm 有限公司 | Electric motor with plural stator components |
| CN106080258A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 冯旋宇 | The power outgoing management method and system of electric motor car |
| CN111559254A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-21 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Multi-power coupling drive control device and method |
| EP3861624A4 (en) * | 2018-10-07 | 2022-07-06 | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution | Large dynamic range electric motor |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103552483A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-05 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Electric automobile driving system based on cascaded motors and driving method of driving system |
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| EP3861624A4 (en) * | 2018-10-07 | 2022-07-06 | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution | Large dynamic range electric motor |
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| CN111559254A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-21 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Multi-power coupling drive control device and method |
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Owner name: HEBEI CHISHEN MOTOR MANUFACTURING CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LUO SHOUYUAN Effective date: 20140414 |
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