CN102873561A - Clamping device - Google Patents

Clamping device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102873561A
CN102873561A CN201210370653XA CN201210370653A CN102873561A CN 102873561 A CN102873561 A CN 102873561A CN 201210370653X A CN201210370653X A CN 201210370653XA CN 201210370653 A CN201210370653 A CN 201210370653A CN 102873561 A CN102873561 A CN 102873561A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
workpiece
clamping device
pressure switch
vacuum cup
clamping
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Pending
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CN201210370653XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
贾建中
王鸿林
李建荣
韩爱芳
于春涛
唐亚彬
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Wuxi Jiangnan Computing Technology Institute
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Wuxi Jiangnan Computing Technology Institute
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Priority to CN201210370653XA priority Critical patent/CN102873561A/en
Publication of CN102873561A publication Critical patent/CN102873561A/en
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Abstract

The invention provides a clamping device which comprises a vacuum sucker, a sealing washer, press plates, a connector, a pressure switch and a vacuum pump. The sealing washer is arranged on a workpiece placing surface of the vacuum sucker, the press plates are used for fixing a workpiece arranged on the vacuum sucker, the connector is attached on the vacuum sucker, the pressure switch is connected with the connector, and the vacuum pump is connected with the pressure switch. A filter device is arranged between the pressure switch and the vacuum pump. The clamping device further comprises a belt pulley and a motor which are used as energy transferring portions. The combined clamping device has the advantages that sufficient comprehensive sucking force can be generated, so that a part can be firmly fixed onto a fixture, various points of contact portions of the part and the fixture are stressed uniformly, a low-rigidity central area is attached to a working table assuredly after machining, the difficult problem that a low-rigidity central area of an existing workpiece is upwardly tilted and deforms during machining is eliminated, and the service requirement on the dimensional precision of the thin-wall part with a large section is met assuredly.

Description

Clamping device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing field, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of clamping device.
Background technology
High accuracy, the large application of sheet parts in the modern industrialization product are more and more extensive, and such part is generally processed by sheet material integral body, and material removing rate is up to more than 60%.Simultaneously, remarkable production characteristics of most such parts are wide in variety, large in batches.This design feature and production model have determined that its manufacturing technology is in immature state always, and there is long, the difficult point such as processing cost is high, machining accuracy is wayward of process-cycle in processing and manufacturing always.High accuracy, large sheet parts metal removal rate are greatly, workpiece is thinner, rigidity is low, and the subject matter that needs in the processing to solve is control and Reducing distortion, on this basis, wish to improve as far as possible stock-removing efficiency, shorten the process-cycle.
The subject matter that needs in the processing to solve is control and Reducing distortion, guarantees dimensional accuracy and Geometrical Tolerance Principle.Impact and to cause the principal element of workpiece machining deformation be the stress that produces of the thermogenetic stress of residual stress, cutting force and cutting in the blank and clamping workpiece and distortion etc.Because the rigidity of large sheet parts itself is relatively poor, remaining various stress are easier to make workpiece to produce to be out of shape after the processing, and " lathe-workpiece " system rigidity is relatively poor simultaneously is easy to produce flutter, affects workpiece surface quality.So can not adopt single traditional pressing plate installation way, design the comprehensive clamping process manufacture method of a cover very important and crucial.Wherein, workpiece at first must make workpiece occupy a certain correct position on lathe or in the anchor clamps before beginning processing, and this process is called the location; Be subjected to displacement for the workpiece of having good positioning is unlikely under the effect of cutting force, make it remain correct position in process, also need Work-sheet pressing is clipped, this process is called clamping; Location and the whole process that clamps are called clamping altogether.
Workpiece adopts the mode of single traditional peripheral pressing plate clamping to add man-hour, and the workpiece periphery is stressed larger, and the workpiece centre position is stressed less, causes the stressed less central area of workpiece to have to tilt upward the trend of bent distortion.For whole part, because also can causing the part process to produce, the each point discontinuity shakes the cutter phenomenon, gauge is uncontrollable after causing the processing of Central of the parts position, and there is the shake knife mark in the surface, has a strong impact on dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of part integral body.
On the other hand, when adopting single vacuum auxiliary clamping mode, because the sectional dimension of part is large and the surface topography height is straggly, this will ask the distribution of vacuum cup closure gasket groove to design according to the surface topography characteristics of part, will inevitably cause local adsorptive pressure to be not enough to holding workpiece and to produce the gap leakage phenomenon, thereby cause parts size precision can not satisfy instructions for use; Adopt the mode of the peripheral pressing plate clamping of single tradition to process, workpiece periphery is stressed larger, and the workpiece centre zone is comparatively weak, causes the stressed less central area of workpiece to have to tilt upward the trend of bent distortion.For whole part, owing to the each point discontinuity also can cause producing shake cutter phenomenon in the part process, finally cause processing rear gauge in Central of the parts position overproof, be difficult to satisfy the dimensional requirement of high accuracy thin-walled parts.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for there being defects in the prior art, provides novel process that a kind of vacuum aided combines with the pressing plate clamping to improve the dimension precision requirement of heavy in section thin-walled parts.
According to the present invention, a kind of clamping device is provided, and it comprises: vacuum cup, the seal washer that is arranged in the workpiece placement surface of described vacuum cup, the pressing plate that is used for fixing the workpiece of arranging on the described vacuum cup, the vavuum pump that is attached at the joint on the described vacuum cup, the pressure switch that links to each other with described joint and links to each other with described pressure switch.
Preferably, arranged filter between described pressure switch and the described vavuum pump.
Preferably, described filter comprises filter and/or screen pack.
Preferably, clamping device also comprises: as belt pulley and the motor of energy transmitting portions.
Preferably, arranged the passage that links to each other with described joint in the zone between the described seal washer on the described workpiece placement surface of described vacuum cup.
Preferably, described passage is equidistantly arranged.
Preferably, described seal washer is arranged in the groove that forms on the workpiece placement surface of described vacuum cup.
Preferably, described groove adopts single D type structure.
Preferably, the degree of depth of described groove be described seal washer diameter 80%.
Preferably, the material of described seal washer adopts polyurethane rubber.
By adopting combination clamping device according to the present invention can produce enough comprehensive absorption affinities, make part be fixed on firmly on the clamp body, make part and clamp body contact site each point stressed evenly, work top is close in the weak central area of rigidity after guaranteeing processing, eliminate the weak central area of workpiece rigidity difficult problem of buckling deformation upwards in process, guarantee that heavy in section thin-walled parts dimensional accuracy satisfies instructions for use.
Description of drawings
By reference to the accompanying drawings, and by with reference to following detailed description, will more easily to the present invention more complete understanding be arranged and more easily understand its advantage of following and feature, wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows the schematic diagram according to the clamping device of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 schematically shows the flow chart according to the advantage contrast of the clamping device of the embodiment of the invention.
Need to prove, accompanying drawing is used for explanation the present invention, and unrestricted the present invention.Note, the accompanying drawing of expression structure may not be to draw in proportion.And in the accompanying drawing, identical or similar element indicates identical or similar label.
The specific embodiment
In order to make content of the present invention more clear and understandable, below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings content of the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention adopts vacuum technique and two kinds of novel process that installation way combines, and controls and reduce the machining deformation problem of heavy in section sheet parts, guarantees dimensional accuracy and the Geometrical Tolerance Principle of part.
Specifically, because the heavy in section sheet parts adopts the mode of traditional peripheral pressing plate clamping to add man-hour, the workpiece periphery is stressed larger, and the workpiece centre position is stressed less, causes the stressed less central area of workpiece to have to tilt upward the trend of bent distortion.For whole part, because can also causing the part process to produce, the each point discontinuity shakes the cutter phenomenon, gauge is uncontrollable after causing the processing of Central of the parts position, and there is the shake knife mark in the surface, has a strong impact on dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of part integral body.
The principle of mainly following of the present invention is the anti-deformation fixture technology, it also is the key that realizes the part highly-efficient processing, guarantee part datum level and work top or fixture datum nature, the fine and close applying when key of realization anti-deformation clamping is clamping, part datum level Multipoint Uniform is stressed fastening.This clamping is had higher requirement to part datum level flatness.
Large sheet parts is adopting under traditional pressing plate installation way and can the generation buckling deformation cause parts size precision overproof thereby the front is mentioned.Selecting which kind of installation way, effectively reduce clamping deformation, avoid simultaneously part adding the flutter in man-hour, guarantee machining accuracy and the surface quality of workpiece, is the key technology of this type of part of processing.
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides the novel process that a kind of vacuum aided combines with pressing plate.Fig. 1 schematically shows the schematic diagram according to the clamping device of the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the clamping device according to the embodiment of the invention comprises: vacuum cup 4, the seal washer 2 that is arranged in the workpiece placement surface of vacuum cup 4, the pressing plate 3 that is used for the workpiece 1 of layout on the fixing vacuum cup 4, the vavuum pump 7 that is attached at the joint 5 on the vacuum cup 4, the pressure switch 6 that links to each other with joint 5 and links to each other with pressure switch 6.
Wherein, seal washer 2 has been guaranteed the workpiece placement surface of vacuum cup 4 and the sealing between the pressing plate 3.
Preferably, arranged filter between pressure switch 6 and the vavuum pump 7, wherein filter comprises filter 10 and/or screen pack 11.
Preferably, for example, clamping device comprises as the belt pulley 8 of energy transmitting portions and motor 9.
According to being operating as of the clamping device of the embodiment of the invention: before work, closing presure switch 6 is placed on workpiece 1 on the vacuum cup 4, and fastens workpiece 1 with pressing plate 3, opens subsequently threephase asynchronous 9 and vavuum pump 7, opens pressure switch 6.This moment, workpiece 1 tightly was adsorbed on the vacuum cup 4.
In the vacuum aided part of said structure, the pressure that will be lower than local atmospheric pressure is referred to as vacuum, can produce pressure differential thus, utilizes with normal atmosphere (An) to exist pressure differential to replace original pressing plate clamping workpiece.
In the structure according to the clamping device of the embodiment of the invention, arranged the passage that links to each other with joint 5 in the zone between the seal washer 2 on the workpiece placement surface of vacuum cup 4.
More particularly, for example, can produce according to the profile of concrete part the vacuum cup disk body, and process the passage of some in the disk body inside of vacuum cup 4.Preferably, described passage is equidistantly arranged.
In the vacuum aided part of said structure, seal washer 2 is arranged in the groove that forms on the workpiece placement surface of vacuum cup 4.More particularly, for example, can process respectively annular groove (for example respectively arranging an annular groove at passage and vacuum cup disk body periphery) at passage and vacuum cup disk body periphery, then seal (seal washer 2) is filled in all annular grooves.
And, can between vacuum cup peripheral seal member and each through hole seal, process the concave surface (groove) of certain depth, upper concave surface links to each other with the vacuum adapter body by passage.
By above design, make vacuum cup between peripheral seal member and each through hole seal, form a gas compartment.When the through hole on the processing parts, because the seal of through hole periphery will seal herein, therefore vacuum system does not have destroyed, so vacuum cup has reached the purpose of expection, cooperate again the top board clamping can prevent effectively that workpiece process from flying off the generation of phenomenon, significantly improved efficient stable of the present invention.
Owing to certainly existing the gap between sucker disk body and workpiece in this vacuum aided system operation process, can cause a small amount of cutting fluid and metal fragment to be inhaled in the system pipeline, may cause the normal operation that damages and affect whole system to vavuum pump, therefore will the generation that filter prevents this type of phenomenon be set in this system's intermediate link.For avoiding the generation of above-mentioned phenomenon, in this system's intermediate link a filtering and purifying is set.Mainly be comprised of staving, screen pack, snap joint etc., screen pack has mainly adopted the macromolecule polymeric material of surface attachment activated carbon, high adsorption capacity and easy to clean, thus reached the device of filtration, purification, guarantee the normal operation of entire system.
For guaranteeing that the vacuum aided entire system is closed environment, choosing of the design of vacuum cup seal groove and sealing strip material is most important.Have following a few dot characteristics according to sealing strip material: anti-wear performance is good; Oil resistance is good; Oxidation resistent susceptibility is good; Air-tightness is good.Can preferably select polyurethane rubber (UR), silicon rubber (SR) and chlorinated polyethylene rubber to carry out air-tight test and relevant environment test according to above principle.
Draw silicon rubber (SR) mechanical strength by test lower, oil resistant, resistance to acids and bases, solvent resistance are relatively poor, and price is higher; Polyurethane ethylene rubber elasticity is relatively poor, compression is large, plasticity is relatively poor; Polyurethane rubber (UR) anti-wear performance is good, intensity is higher, oil resistance is good, resistance to oxidation and day light aging, air-tightness are all fine, finally preferably selects polyurethane rubber to satisfy the whole requirement of system as sealing strip material.That is, the material of seal washer 2 preferably adopts polyurethane rubber.
Diameter according to sealing strip is Φ 2.5, Φ 4, Φ 6, Φ 8, and the seal groove degree of depth is chosen respectively 50%, 60%, 80% of sealing strip diameter; The cross section of seal groove is chosen respectively rectangle, single D type and hemispherical.Through the process certification process, seal groove adopts single D type structure, and the degree of depth is that the entire system amount of leakage can be realized the reliable sealed environment of entire system at average below 10% of soakage in 80% the situation of sealing strip diameter.That is, in the situation in seal washer 2 is arranged in the groove that the workpiece placement surface of vacuum cup 4 forms, preferably, groove adopts single D type structure, and further preferably, the degree of depth of groove be seal washer 2 diameter 80%.
Fig. 2 schematically shows the flow chart according to the advantage contrast of the clamping device of the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 2, its advantage control methods comprises:
First step S1: choose the heavy in section sheet parts as object (material is 6A02-O), at first workpiece periphery is reserved process allowance and adopted the peripheral pressing plate installation way of single tradition to carry out Milling Process in vertical machining centre, uses three-coordinates measuring machine that its surface topography and dimensional accuracy are evaluated and tested after the processing and obtains the first data target: (the plate face is of a size of 300 * 420, wall thickness thinnest part be 2mm) plate facial plane degree is that 0.4mm, the thickness direction two sides depth of parallelism are 0.48mm;
Second step S2: carry out Milling Process with the mode that the pressing plate clamping combines in vertical machining centre for same part employing vacuum aided absorption clamping, use three-coordinates measuring machine that its surface topography and dimensional accuracy are evaluated and tested acquisition the second data target after the processing: plate facial plane degree is that 0.08mm, the thickness direction two sides depth of parallelism are 0.10mm:.
Third step S3: contrast the outstanding advantage that described the first data target and the second data target are evaluated and tested this novel process manufacturing installation.
Find by actual specific, adopt this combination clamping device can produce enough comprehensive absorption affinities, make part be fixed on firmly on the clamp body, make part and clamp body contact site each point stressed evenly, work top is close in the weak central area of rigidity after guaranteeing processing, eliminate the weak central area of workpiece rigidity difficult problem of buckling deformation upwards in process, guarantee that heavy in section thin-walled parts dimensional accuracy satisfies instructions for use.
In fact, when this type of part of passing processing, adopted and reserved technique clamping surplus, pressure plate clamping around traditional.Because the part section size is larger, the pressure plate can't guarantee to add the reliable clamping of central area in man-hour around only depending on, if do not take special technological measure and means, the central area is the meeting flutter when processing is, affects workpiece size precision and surface quality.Characteristics for such part, for being close to work top in the weak central area of rigidity after guaranteeing processing, avoid the buckling deformation of workpiece centre zone and vibration effect workpiece accurate to dimension and surface quality, proposed the technique manufacturing installation that the Special vacuum Acetabula device combines with the pressing plate clamping and satisfied processing request.
This mounting and clamping system must produce enough comprehensive adsorptive pressures, make part be fixed on firmly on the clamp body, make this type of large sheet type workpiece each point stressed evenly, guaranteed that work top is close in the weak central area of rigidity after the processing, eliminated the weak central area upwards buckling deformation in process of workpiece rigidity.Guaranteed " lathe-workpiece " rigidity is better between the two owing to adopting this comprehensive clamping device to carry out clamping, thereby satisfied the prerequisite of medium cutting hardness.
Come the large sheet type workpiece of clamping by the mode that adopts vacuum aided of the present invention and pressing plate clamping to combine, and then also improve numerical-control processing method, the part that processes can fully satisfy the design instructions for use.And in this type of part process, eliminated the threaded engagement clamping time between each pressing plate, the clamping time shorten is to original 1/3.Facts have proved, can shorten greatly the production and processing cycle of this type of part by adopting the auxiliary manufacturing system of vacuum cup, cut down finished cost, enhance productivity.
The vacuum aided manufacturing installation is that the pull of vacuum that relies on vacuum source to produce is come mechanical system that workpiece is adsorbed.Compare with traditional pressing plate installation way, have following characteristics: be simple in structure, cost is low; Easy for installation, processing ease; Maintenance cost is few; Easy damaged workpiece not; Absorption, to decontrol workpiece action rapid; The kind of workpiece material is not limit.
For this type of high accuracy, large sheet parts, realize that key efficient, high accuracy processing selects suitable anti-deformation fixture technology namely to adopt vacuum suction and the installation way that the pressing plate clamping combines, reduce or avoid because the dimensional accuracy error that clamping deformation produces and surface quality are lost.Be directed to high accuracy, large sheet parts, wide in variety, large in batches, and design of part constantly changes, be embedded with the present invention and be the optimization processing technology flow process on basis but basically form one.Simultaneously, according to the concrete structure of part, take different technological measures and means, can satisfy instantly the demand that manufactures and designs of existing same kind of parts in enormous quantities, have a good application prospect and expect benefit.
Thus, according to the embodiment of the invention, adopt this combination clamping device can produce enough comprehensive absorption affinities, make part be fixed on firmly on the clamp body, make part and clamp body contact site each point stressed evenly, work top is close in the weak central area of rigidity after guaranteeing processing, eliminates the weak central area of workpiece rigidity difficult problem of buckling deformation upwards in process, guarantees that heavy in section thin-walled parts dimensional accuracy satisfies instructions for use.
Be understandable that, although the present invention with the preferred embodiment disclosure as above, yet above-described embodiment is not to limit the present invention.For any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope situation, all can utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement that technical solution of the present invention is made many possible changes and modification, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention according to any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification that technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.

Claims (10)

1. a clamping device is characterized in that comprising: vacuum cup, the seal washer that is arranged in the workpiece placement surface of described vacuum cup, the pressing plate that is used for fixing the workpiece of arranging on the described vacuum cup, the vavuum pump that is attached at the joint on the described vacuum cup, the pressure switch that links to each other with described joint and links to each other with described pressure switch.
2. clamping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, has arranged filter between described pressure switch and the described vavuum pump.
3. clamping device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described filter comprises filter and/or screen pack.
4. according to claim 1 to one of 3 described clamping devices, characterized by further comprising: as belt pulley and the motor of energy transmitting portions.
5. according to claim 1 to one of 4 described clamping devices, it is characterized in that, arranged the passage that links to each other with described joint in the zone between the described seal washer on the described workpiece placement surface of described vacuum cup.
6. clamping device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described passage is equidistantly arranged.
7. according to claim 1 to one of 6 described clamping devices, it is characterized in that, described seal washer is arranged in the groove that forms on the workpiece placement surface of described vacuum cup.
8. clamping device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described groove adopts single D type structure.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described clamping devices, it is characterized in that, the degree of depth of described groove be described seal washer diameter 80%.
10. according to claim 7 to one of 9 described clamping devices, it is characterized in that, the material of described seal washer adopts polyurethane rubber.
CN201210370653XA 2012-09-28 2012-09-28 Clamping device Pending CN102873561A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109822476A (en) * 2019-02-12 2019-05-31 永康市杰地希机器人科技有限公司 Door frame processes assembled clamp system and its clamping means
CN110538509A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-12-06 富曜半导体(昆山)有限公司 vacuum jig waste liquid filters recovery unit
CN112059670A (en) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-11 重庆市一可金属制品有限公司 Process for machining metal thin-wall part by machining center

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109822476A (en) * 2019-02-12 2019-05-31 永康市杰地希机器人科技有限公司 Door frame processes assembled clamp system and its clamping means
CN110538509A (en) * 2019-07-24 2019-12-06 富曜半导体(昆山)有限公司 vacuum jig waste liquid filters recovery unit
CN112059670A (en) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-11 重庆市一可金属制品有限公司 Process for machining metal thin-wall part by machining center

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Application publication date: 20130116