CN102871679A - In-vivo multi-mode imaging detecting system with resolution being at least 50 mu m - Google Patents
In-vivo multi-mode imaging detecting system with resolution being at least 50 mu m Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-mode in-vivo imaging system with resolution being at least 50 mu m. The multi-mode in-vivo imaging system belongs to the technical field of in-vivo detection and is characterized in that the system comprises a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) radio nuclide imaging unit, an X-ray imaging unit, a computed tomography (CT) imaging unit, a rotary carrying platform for placing a test sample, a multi-axle motion controller, a multi-channel signal collecting processor, a computer connected with the multi-axle motion controller and the multi-channel signal collecting processor, and an image processing display software for fusing in-vivo imaging by multi-mode means. Compared with other international in-vivo imaging detecting instruments, the in-vivo multi-mode imaging detecting system has the characteristics of high resolution, multi-mode fusion, panoramic scanning imaging within 360 degrees and the like, and is smart in structure and low in cost; the imaging detecting system can be widely used in in-vivo imaging application including human medical imaging and small animal molecular imaging detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to imaging in vivo detection technique and scientific instrument apparatus structure, particularly provide a kind of structure dexterous, with low cost, detection resolution is significantly higher than the high-resolution imaging in vivo system structure of existing image technology and digital X-ray machine, CT, PET medical imaging equipment.
Background technology
Being key link in the medical system biological study at the body molecular image, is the middle bridge that transforms from the molecular cell horizontal detection to clinical practice.Routine clinical medical science imaging in vivo detection technique comprises digital X-ray perspective, CT(Computed Tomography, computer tomography), PET(PositronEmissionTomography, positron emission tomography), MRI(Magnetic Resnane Iamge, nuclear magnetic resonance) etc., these instruments are not only expensive, millions of units → several ten million yuan do not wait, and, also there is larger defective at aspects such as detection resolution, sensitivity, do not reach the testing requirement of a few cell and molecular level.As, all more than 100 μ m, common resolution based on flat panel detector has 127 μ m, 139 μ m, 194 μ m etc. to the resolution of clinical treatment digital X-ray perspective and CT detection at present; In the PET imaging in vivo was measured, owing to be subjected to the restriction of crystal bar processing technology, the present best level of the resolution that PET detects was about 1mm; In the MRI imaging in vivo was measured, owing to be subjected to the restriction of magnetic field intensity and frequency, the present best level of the resolution that MRI detects was also about 1mm.The optics imaging in vivo take the toy of Xenogen company at body visible fluorescence detecting instrument as representative, price is still relatively more expensive, about 2,000,000 → 3,000,000 yuan, owing to be subjected to the impact of tissue scatter, detection resolution reduces gradually along with organizing the deep layer diffuse transmission influence, also be about 1mm, far away from the resolution of optical microphotograph imaging.Common test sample book at the body molecular image comprises human body, toy, model organism (such as nematicide) etc.
Development along with the imaging in vivo detection technique, especially the disease early diagnosis that is applied to a few cell and molecular level detects, the imaging in vivo system of the above resolution of 100 μ m can't satisfy instructions for use at all, be necessary very much existing digital X-ray perspective, CT, PET, MRI and optics imaging in vivo method etc. are carried out innovation research, improve the resolution that its imaging in vivo detects.Simultaneously, can invent the annular detector structure that new rotation sweep detecting structure replaces conventional CT, PET, the upper employing of MRI, hardware cost that can the decrease detection system.
Image co-registration (Image Fusion) refers to the view data about same target that the multi-source channel collects is passed through image processing and computer technology etc., extract to greatest extent the favourable information in each self-channel, the high-quality image of last comprehensive one-tenth, with the utilization rate that improves image information, improve spatial resolution and the spectral resolution of computer interpretation precision and reliability, lifting original image, be beneficial to monitoring.Image co-registration is divided into three levels from low to high: pixel-based fusion, feature level merge, decision level fusion.
Pixel-based fusion also claims Pixel-level to merge, and refers to that the data that directly the detecting sensor collection obtained process and obtain the process of fusion image, and it is the basis of high-level image co-registration, also is one of emphasis of present image co-registration research.The advantage of this fusion is to keep on-the-spot initial data as much as possible, provides other to merge the trickle information that level can not provide.Have living space during Pixel-level merges territory algorithm and transform-domain algorithm have again multiple fusion rule method in the spatial domain algorithm, such as the logic filter method, and intensity-weighted averaging method, contrast modulation method etc.; Pyramid decomposition fusion method, Wavelet Transform are arranged again in the transform domain.Wavelet transformation wherein is current most important, the most frequently used method.
In feature level merges, guarantee the feature of different images inclusion information, such as the sign of infrared light for the object heat, visible light is for sign of object brightness etc.Decision level fusion mainly is subjective requirement, and some rules are equally also arranged, such as Bayesian Method, and D-S evidence act and voting method etc.
The meansigma methods of the normal combining image of blending algorithm, entropy, standard deviation, average gradient.Average gradient has reflected minor detail contrast and the texture variations feature in the image, has also reflected the definition of image simultaneously.At present there are two problems in image co-registration: choosing of the number of plies decomposed in choosing with Optimum wavelet of Optimum wavelet basic function.Image fusion technology is widely used in multi-source data is rebuild.
Summary of the invention
The high-resolution imaging in vivo system that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of x-ray fluoroscopy, CT, PET multimode information fusion, make the digitized aerial image detection resolution of x-ray fluoroscopy, CT, PET reach 50 μ m or higher resolution, structure is dexterous, with low cost, can be widely used in comprising in the imaging in vivo application of body medical image, small animal molecule image-forming detection.
The invention is characterized in, comprise a kind of high-resolution imaging system for realizing x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET multimodality fusion, by a PET radio nuclide imaging unit, an x-ray imaging unit, a CT image-generating unit, a rotary carrier platform of placing test sample book, a multi-axis motion controller, a multi-channel signal acquiring processor, a computer that connects multi-axis motion controller and multichannel processor, and the image processes and displays software of a multimodality fusion imaging in vivo.Centered by the test sample book of placing in rotary carrier platform (toy), described PET radio nuclide imaging unit, CT image-generating unit, x-ray imaging cell distribution share a multi-channel signal acquiring processor around this rotary carrier platform.
Wherein said a kind of high-resolution imaging system for realizing x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET multimodality fusion, adopt optical fiber hammer or lens photoconduction to carry out meticulous space segmentation and process, the imaging in vivo resolution of x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET is brought up to 50 microns or high-resolution more.
Described optical fiber hammer is drawn into the hammer shape by at least 10 optical fiber heating, carries out close light isolation between the optical fiber, prevents optical crosstalk.Optical fiber hammer can be routine by high zoom ratio (〉=5:1) once draw molding, or adopt low zoom ratio (＜5:1) optical fiber is hammered multistage coupling series winding into shape and is realized synthetic high zoom ratio example, the best information transmission state is that the core diameter of the corresponding optical fiber of adjacent two-stage light hammer coupling surface institute satisfies the integral multiple corresponding relation, and by the polishing coupling surface and with epoxy resin gummed raising optical signal transmission coupling efficiency.The optical fiber kind can be silica fibre or glass optical fiber or liquid-core optical fibre.The optical fiber hammer has high zoom ratio example imaging function, and optical fiber hammer both ends of the surface are corresponding object plane (major part) and imaging surface (microcephaly) respectively.
Described lens photoconduction is comprised of one or more (〉=2) eyeglasses or aspherical mirror, can be with the optical signal blur-free imaging of photonic crystal or X ray visible light transition material coating at face CCD(Charge-coupled Device, charge coupled cell) detector, and have certain optically filtering function, eliminate veiling glare and crosstalk.The lens photoconduction also have high zoom ratio example (〉=5:1) optical beam transformation and imaging function, object plane is relative with the position of imaging surface fixing, its input end face of correspondence and output end face satisfy the face CCD imaging detection needs of large visual field respectively.
Described PET radio nuclide imaging unit, CT image-generating unit, x-ray imaging unit can resolve into according to different application requirements single pattern and independently use, or any two kinds of mode combinations use together and realize the imaging of bimodulus information fusion, or three kinds of mode combinations are used together and realized three mould information fusion imagings.
Described multimodality fusion imaging in vivo image processes and displays software comprises PET nucleic radiation image reconstruction software module, CT image reconstruction software module, x-ray imaging software module, image co-registration analysis and processing module and image display etc.Described PET nucleic radiation image reconstruction software module realizes that the angle position control → in each angle position to the rotary carrier platform of placing test sample book carries out the signals collecting → PET nucleic radiation image of diverse location collection is rebuild generating three-dimensional nucleic radiation image to PET nucleic detector.Described CT image reconstruction software module realizes that the angle position control → in each angle position to the rotary carrier platform of placing test sample book carries out the signals collecting → CT image slices of diverse location collection is rebuild generating three-dimensional CT image to the CT imaging detector.Described x-ray imaging software module realizes that the angle position control → in each angle position to the rotary carrier platform of placing test sample book carries out the signals collecting → radioscopic image of diverse location collection is rebuild the generating three-dimensional radioscopic image to the x-ray imaging detector.Described image co-registration analysis and processing module realizes CT image, PET nucleic radiation image and the radioscopic image of each angle position are merged → analyzing and processing → three-dimensional reconstruction generating three-dimensional PET, CT and X ray fusion image.Described image display realize to CT image, PET nucleic radiation image and radioscopic image show separately → CT image, PET nucleic radiation image and any two moulds of radioscopic image merge, carry out color a surname and dye rear demonstration → CT image, PET nucleic radiation image and the fusion of radioscopic image three moulds, carry out color a surname and dye rear demonstration.
Described multi-channel signal acquiring processor includes 2 or above signal sampling channel, has signal filtering, amplification concurrently, two passage acquired signal are met processing and other normal signal processing capacity.
Described multi-axis motion controller includes the driving control function of 2 or above motor, and motor can be motor or direct current generator or wait upon and take motor.
Described rotary carrier platform, comprise an electric rotating machine, a lifting motor, a thermostatic control plate, anesthetic gases cover and a test sample book with the anesthetic gases introducting interface, can in 360 degree scopes, do the precision rotation motion, and has an elevating function, be convenient to load and unload test sample book, rotation positioning accuracy 〉=0.1 degree, lifting positioning accuracy 〉=5 micron; Rotary carrier platform can load multiple test sample book, comprises toy, model organism, or other have life and abiotic measurand.
Described PET radio nuclide imaging unit, by 2 radio nuclide imaging detectors, a multi-channel signal acquiring processor and a nucleic radiation image reconstruction software module composition, 2 radio nuclide imaging detectors are symmetrically distributed in the rotary carrier platform both sides.The structural grouping of radio nuclide imaging detector sequentially is photonic crystal → optical fiber hammer or lens photoconduction → face ccd detector.The material of photonic crystal can adopt BGO(BiGeO, bismuth germanium oxide), LYSO(Lu1.9Y0.1SiO5: Ce, the silicic acid lutecium), NaI(sodium iodide), LSO(Lu2SiO5:Ce, mix cerium silicic acid lutecium) and GSO(Gd2SiO5:Ce, mix the cerium gadolinium siliate) or other high-energy ray can be converted to the material of visible light, be made into lamellar, polishing both surfaces; Photonic crystal can also adopt the material that converts visible light at quartz glass flat board or fibre faceplate plating high-energy ray to substitute.
Described CT image-generating unit, consisted of by 1 x-ray imaging detector, an x-ray source, a multi-channel signal acquiring processor and a CT image reconstruction software module, x-ray imaging detector and x-ray source are symmetrically distributed in the rotary carrier platform both sides, and the structural grouping of x-ray imaging detector sequentially is X ray visible light transition material clad plate → optical fiber hammer or lens photoconduction → face ccd detector.X ray visible light transition material clad plate can realize by the material that converts visible light at quartz glass flat board or fibre faceplate plating X ray to, and Coating Materials can be that cesium iodide, sodium iodide or other can convert X ray to the material of visible light.
Described x-ray imaging unit, by 1 x-ray imaging detector, an x-ray source, a multi-channel signal acquiring processor and an X ray plane projection imaging software module composition, x-ray imaging detector and x-ray source are symmetrically distributed in the rotary carrier platform both sides, and the structural grouping of x-ray imaging detector sequentially is X ray visible light transition material clad plate → optical fiber hammer or lens photoconduction → face ccd detector.
The present invention has the following advantages owing to take above design:
1, the invention provides a kind of optical fiber hammer or lens photoconduction hypermutation times ratio and pass the photoimaging method, make the resolution of PET radio nuclide imaging, x-ray imaging and CT imaging reach 50um or higher, system structure is simple, realizes easily.
2, be provided with the toy imaging in vivo detection system apparatus structure that a kind of multimode is mixed among the present invention; can carry out compound detection from a plurality of patterns such as nucleic (PET) imaging, CT imaging and x-ray imagings simultaneously; give full play to their advantage separately; obtain one complete, comprehensively at body molecular image image, solve present monotype detection resolution not high, the location inaccurate, can only carry out the technical barriers such as single structure imaging or functional imaging.
3, adopt the imaging in vivo detection system apparatus structure of rotary carrier platform among the present invention, compare with common fixedly article carrying platform imaging detection scheme, can realize the scanning imagery in the 360 degree panorama scopes, can be from different perspectives or a plurality of angle obtain test sample book at plane picture, faultage image and the three-dimensional reconstruction image of body, without the dead angle, visual field.Can obtain by a plurality of angular cross location the accurate location of photogenic tissue in the sample body or organ or cell or gene protein molecule, solve the technical barrier that monotype or one direction imaging can't accurately be located the diffusion interior of articles.
4, adopt 360 degree rotation sweep detection methods among the present invention, the PET radio nuclide imaging only need to use one group of bipolar symmetrical detector just can realize 360 degree panorama PET three-dimensional imagings of test sample book, the CT imaging also only needs to use 1 x-ray imaging detector and x-ray source just can realize 360 degree panorama CT three-dimensional imagings of test sample book, and x-ray imaging only need to use 1 x-ray imaging detector and x-ray source can realize that equally 360 of test sample book spends the panoramic x-ray perspective imagings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that high-resolution of the present invention is at the structural representation of body multimode information fusion imaging system;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of rotation platform of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that optical fiber hammer of the present invention passes light PET imaging detection;
Fig. 4 is that lens photoconduction of the present invention passes the structural representation that the light x-ray imaging is surveyed;
Fig. 5 is the functional schematic of multimodality fusion imaging in vivo image processes and displays software of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In order to realize the high-resolution imaging in vivo of x-ray fluoroscopy, CT, PET multimode information fusion, the present invention has developed a kind of optical fiber hammer or the lens photoconduction carries out meticulous space segmentation and local variable-frequency filtering processing method, and designed a kind of high-resolution at the body multi-mode imaging detection system, the imaging in vivo resolution of x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET is brought up to 50 microns or high-resolution more.
High-resolution of the present invention at the embodiment of body multimode information fusion image-forming detecting system as shown in Figure 1, comprise a PET radio nuclide imaging unit (11,12), an x-ray imaging unit (14,15), a CT image-generating unit (13,16), a rotary carrier platform (00) of placing test sample book, a multi-axis motion controller (17), a multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18), a computer (19) that connects multi-axis motion controller and multichannel processor, and the image processes and displays software of installation multimodality fusion imaging in vivo on computers.Centered by the test sample book of in rotary carrier platform, placing (01), PET radio nuclide imaging unit, CT image-generating unit, x-ray imaging cell distribution are (can be in same plane around this rotary carrier platform, also can be not in same plane), share a multi-channel signal acquiring processor.Anesthetic gases cover (02) will link to each other with extraneous anesthetic gases generation equipment, and an amount of anesthetic gases is provided, and keep live animal to be in the dizzy resting state of sleeping, and be convenient to the imaging test experience.Multimodality fusion imaging in vivo image processes and displays software is installed on the computer (19), the software major function comprises PET nucleic radiation image reconstruction software module, CT image reconstruction software module, x-ray imaging software module, image co-registration analysis and processing module and image display, can automatic reception multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18) image of transmission, carry out 3D image reconstruction and process with image co-registration and show.
The composition structure embodiment of rotary carrier platform (00) comprises a rotatable stage base (03), a rotatable stage temperature control plate (04), an electric rotating machine (05), a lifting motor (06) and elevating mechanism (07), anesthetic gases cover (02) and a test sample book (01) that passes into mouth with anesthetic gases as shown in Figure 2.The rotation positioning accuracy of rotary carrier platform (00) 〉=0.1 degree, lifting positioning accuracy 〉=5 micron, elevating movement travel range 0 → 500mm, thermostatic control precision 〉=0.1 degree, variable temperatures scope 0 → 50 degree.Test sample book (01) is fixed on the center of rotary carrier platform (00), can do precision rotation motion and elevating movement in 360 degree scopes with rotary carrier platform.Temperature control plate can be installed in the top of rotatable stage base, also can be installed in below or the side of rotatable stage base.Rotary carrier platform can load multiple test sample book, comprises toy, model organism, or other have life and abiotic measurand.
Multi-axis motion controller (17), the driving control function that includes 2 or above motor, can be according to the rotatablely moving or elevating movement of the control instruction operation management rotary carrier platform (00) of computer (19), motor can be motor or direct current generator or wait upon and take motor or linear electric motors.Multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18) includes 2 or above signal sampling channel, have signal filtering, amplification concurrently, two passage acquired signal are met processing and other normal signal processing capacity, can (the 1st be 11 to 2 PET radio nuclide imaging detectors, the 2nd is 12) signal meet processing, resolve and generate the PET image, the image of all right parallel processing CT imaging detector (13) and x-ray imaging detector (14), and be uploaded to fast computer (19).
PET radio nuclide imaging unit, (the 1st is 11 by 2 radio nuclide imaging detectors, the 2nd is 12), a multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18) and a nucleic radiation image reconstruction software module composition, 2 radio nuclide imaging detectors are symmetrically distributed in the rotary carrier platform both sides.In high-resolution of the present invention under the PET of body multi-mode imaging detection system imaging detection pattern, the test sample book of placing in the rotary carrier platform (01) produces high-energy ray through behind the isotope labeling, by over against 2 PET radio nuclide imaging detectors (11,12) receive, meet the rear input of processing computer (19) by a multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18), become 3-D view by the nucleic radiation image reconstruction software remodelling on the computer at last.The composition structure embodiment of PET radio nuclide imaging detector as shown in Figure 3, comprise a photonic crystal (21), optical fiber hammer (22) and a face ccd detector (23), structural grouping sequentially is photonic crystal (21) → optical fiber hammer (22) → face ccd detector (23).The high-energy ray that photonic crystal sends test sample book converts fluorescence to, then carry out at high proportion (5:1 doubly or more than) compression by optical fiber hammer, and be imaged on the face ccd detector, the face ccd detector carries out opto-electronic conversion and becomes the analog or digital signal, be transferred to the multi-channel signal acquiring processor, become 3-D view by computer reconstruction at last.Photonic crystal can adopt BGO, LYSO, NaI, LSO and GSO or other high-energy ray can be converted to the material of visible light, is made into lamellar, polishing both surfaces; Can also adopt the material that converts visible light at quartz glass flat board or fibre faceplate plating high-energy ray to substitute.
The CT image-generating unit, comprise that the 1st x-ray imaging detector (13), the 1st x-ray source (16), a multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18) and a CT image reconstruction software module consist of, x-ray imaging detector (13) is symmetrically distributed in the rotary carrier platform both sides with x-ray source (16).In high-resolution of the present invention under the CT of body multi-mode imaging detection system imaging detection pattern, the test sample book (01) of placing in the x-ray bombardment rotary carrier platform that x-ray source (16) produces, the fluoroscopy images of test sample book (01) is incident upon on the X-ray detector (13), be converted to the analog or digital signal by X-ray detector (13), process rear input computer (19) by multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18), be reconstructed into 3-D view by the CT image reconstruction software module on the computer at last.The composition structure of X-ray detector as shown in Figure 4, structural grouping sequentially is X ray visible light transition material clad plate (31) → lens photoconduction (32) → face ccd detector (33).X ray visible light transition material clad plate can realize by the material that converts visible light at quartz glass (or ordinary optical glass or fiberglass) flat board or fibre faceplate plating X ray to, and Coating Materials can be that cesium iodide, sodium iodide or other can convert X ray to the material of visible light.
The x-ray imaging unit, comprise that the 2nd x-ray imaging detector (14), the 2nd x-ray source (15), a multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18) and an x-ray imaging software module consist of, x-ray imaging detector (14) is symmetrically distributed in the rotary carrier platform both sides with x-ray source (15).Under the x-ray imaging detection mode of high-resolution of the present invention at the body multi-mode imaging detection system, the test sample book (01) of placing in the x-ray bombardment rotary carrier platform that x-ray source (15) produces, the fluoroscopy images of test sample book (01) is incident upon on the X-ray detector (14), be converted to the analog or digital signal by X-ray detector (14), process rear input computer (19) by multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18), be reconstructed into the radioscopy image by the x-ray imaging software module on the computer at last.The composition structure embodiment of X-ray detector as shown in Figure 4, structural grouping sequentially is X ray visible light transition material clad plate (31) → lens photoconduction (32) → face ccd detector (33).
In high-resolution of the present invention in the body multi-mode imaging detection system, PET radio nuclide imaging unit, CT image-generating unit, x-ray imaging unit can resolve into according to different application requirements single pattern and independently use, or any two kinds of mode combinations use together and realize the imaging of bimodulus information fusion, or three kinds of mode combinations together parallel the use realize three mould information fusion imagings.
In high-resolution of the present invention in the body multi-mode imaging detection system, developed a kind of high-resolution imaging method of realizing x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET multimodality fusion, adopt optical fiber hammer or lens photoconduction to carry out meticulous space segmentation and the processing of local variable-frequency filtering, the imaging in vivo resolution of x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET is brought up to 50 microns or high-resolution (〉=5 microns) more.Such as one of embodiment, adopt core diameter 15 μ m optical fiber, respective pixel is of a size of 2/3 inch face ccd detector of 6.45 μ m * 6.45 μ m, through the conversion of 6.98:1 times of optical fiber hammer, can realize the imaging in vivo of 45 μ m resolution; Two of embodiment adopts core diameter 5 μ m optical fiber, and respective pixel is of a size of the face ccd detector of 0.8 μ m * 0.8 μ m, through the conversion of 6.25:1 times of optical fiber hammer, can realize the imaging in vivo of 5 μ m resolution; Three of embodiment adopts the lens photoconduction, and the object space resolution of design lens photoconduction 〉=50 microns through 7.75:1 times of ratio conversion, just can be of a size of in respective pixel the face ccd detector realization 50 μ m resolution imaging in vivo of 6.45 μ m * 6.45 μ m; Four of embodiment adopts core diameter 12 μ m optical fiber, and respective pixel is of a size of the face ccd detector of 1 μ m * 1 μ m, through the conversion of 12:1 times of optical fiber hammer, can realize the imaging in vivo of 12 μ m resolution; Five of embodiment adopts core diameter 100 μ m optical fiber, and respective pixel is of a size of the face ccd detector of 1 μ m * 1 μ m, through the conversion of 100:1 times of optical fiber hammer, can realize the imaging in vivo of 100 μ m resolution.Can also be according to the practical application needs, (100:1 → 5:1), the single mode, bimodulus and three moulds that are implemented in x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and the PET of arbitrary resolution in 1000 μ m → 1 mu m range merge imaging in vivo to adjust the core diameter of optical fiber or object space resolution (1000 μ m → 1 μ m), the compression zoom ratio of lens photoconduction.
Optical fiber hammer (22) is drawn into round table-like or prism-frustum-shaped by many (〉=2) optical fiber heating, carries out close light isolation between the optical fiber, prevents optical crosstalk.Optical fiber hammer can be routine by high zoom ratio (〉=5:1) once draw molding, also can adopt low zoom ratio (＜5:1) optical fiber is hammered multistage coupling series winding into shape and is realized synthetic high zoom ratio example, the best information transmission state that optical fiber is hammered multistage coupling series winding into shape is that the core diameter of the corresponding optical fiber of adjacent two-stage optical fiber hammer coupling surface institute satisfies the integral multiple corresponding relation, by the polishing coupling surface and with epoxy resin gummed raising optical signal transmission coupling efficiency; If relax requirement, optical fiber hammer into shape multistage coupling series winding adjacent two-stage optical fiber hammer coupling surface the core diameter of corresponding optical fiber also can be non-integral multiple corresponding relation, like this, imaging resolution or image definition can descend to some extent.The optical fiber kind can be silica fibre or glass optical fiber or liquid-core optical fibre.The optical fiber hammer has high zoom ratio example imaging function, and optical fiber hammer both ends of the surface are corresponding object plane and imaging surface respectively, and the optical signal blur-free imaging that photonic crystal (21) can be produced is on face ccd detector (23), as shown in Figure 3.
Lens photoconduction (32) is comprised of one or more (〉=2) eyeglasses or aspherical mirror, and has certain optically filtering function, eliminates veiling glare and crosstalks.The lens photoconduction also has high zoom ratio example (〉=5:1) optical beam transformation and imaging function, object plane is relative with the position of imaging surface fixing, respectively corresponding its input end face and output end face, satisfy large visual field face CCD imaging detection needs, can be with the optical signal blur-free imaging of X ray visible light transition material coating (31) on face ccd detector (33), as shown in Figure 4.
Multimodality fusion imaging in vivo image processes and displays software is installed on the computer (19), comprise PET nucleic radiation image reconstruction software module, CT image reconstruction software module, x-ray imaging software module, image co-registration analysis and processing module and image display etc.Software workflow as shown in Figure 5, computer sends control instruction to multi-axis motion controller (17), rotary carrier platform (00) is adjusted lifting position and the rotary angle position of test sample book (01) according to instruction; Then, computer sends the signals collecting instruction to multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18), multi-channel signal acquiring processor (18) is according to command request, control PET radio nuclide imaging unit (11,12), the x-ray imaging unit (14,15) and CT image-generating unit (13,16) carry out signals collecting, and be uploaded to computer; At last, according to application requirements, carry out digital image processing and three-dimensional reconstruction by computer, and image is shown.
In the imaging in vivo of x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET, the optical fiber hammer of identical object plane and imaging surface position and lens photoconduction be Alternate directly, optical fiber hammer and lens photoconduction for different object planes and imaging surface position can carry out Alternate by the position of adjusting photonic crystal or X ray visible light transition material clad plate and face ccd detector, realize equally 50 microns or more high-resolution x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET imaging in vivo.In the rotary carrier platform of Fig. 2 embodiment, can also increase multiaxis (〉=2) scanning motion function, realize the emerging zone of sense of free assignment test sample.
In high-resolution multimode imaging in vivo detection system of the present invention, PET radio nuclide imaging, CT imaging, x-ray imaging can pass through the precision rotation motor control of rotary carrier platform, realize 360 degree panoramic imageries, obtain at any angle plane picture, faultage image and three-dimensional reconstruction image, without the dead angle, visual field.The innovation works such as the meticulous space segmentation by scanning method of the present invention, optical fiber hammer or lens photoconduction and the processing of local variable-frequency filtering, in PET radio nuclide imaging detecting pattern, only need to use one group of bipolar symmetrical detector, can by the precise motion control of rotary carrier platform, realize 360 degree panorama PET imagings of test sample book; In CT imaging detecting pattern, equally also only need to use 1 x-ray imaging detector and an x-ray source, can by the precise motion control of rotary carrier platform, realize 360 degree panorama CT imagings of test sample book; In the x-ray imaging detecting pattern, also only need to use 1 x-ray imaging detector and an x-ray source, can by the precise motion control of rotary carrier platform, realize 360 degree panoramic x-ray perspective imagings of test sample book; In addition, CT imaging detecting pattern and x-ray imaging detecting pattern can unite two into one, use same group of hardware (1 x-ray imaging detector and an x-ray source), only need to switch different software modules and just can realize respectively CT imaging and radioscopy imaging function.
The present invention is by top design, and the specific performance index that it can reach is as follows:
＜1〉x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and the PET multimodality fusion imaging in vivo that, can realize test sample book detect.
＜2 〉, can realize that 0.1 degree fine scanning imaging of 360 degree panorama scopes detects, without the dead angle, visual field.
＜3 〉, can be implemented in body plane imaging, fault imaging and three-dimensional imaging.
＜4 〉, can realize the high-resolution imaging in vivo that 50 microns or more high-resolution x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET single mode, bimodulus and three moulds merge.
＜5 〉, variable temperatures scope 0 → 50 degree is spent in the thermostatic control precision of system 〉=0.1.
＜6 〉, can also be according to the practical application needs, adjust object space imaging resolution, the compression zoom ratio of core diameter or the lens photoconduction of optical fiber, the single mode, bimodulus and three moulds that are implemented in x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and the PET of arbitrary resolution in 1000 μ m → 1 mu m range merge imaging in vivo.
Claims (9)
1. resolution is at least the multimode imaging in vivo detection system of 50 μ m, it is characterized in that, comprise a rotary carrier platform of placing test sample book, a multi-channel signal acquiring processor, a multi-axis motion controller, a computer, a CT image-generating unit, a PET radio nuclide imaging unit and an x-ray imaging unit, centered by the test sample book in rotary carrier platform of arranging of described PET radio nuclide imaging unit, CT image-generating unit and x-ray imaging unit, around being distributed in, wherein:
Rotary carrier platform, comprise an electric rotating machine, a rotatable stage base, a rotatable stage temperature control plate, lifting motor and elevating mechanism, one has anesthetic gases cover and test sample book that anesthetic gases passes into mouthful, can in 360 degree scopes, do the precision rotation motion and have the oscilaltion function, rotation positioning accuracy 0.1 degree, 5 microns of lifting positioning accuracies, wherein:
Test sample book comprises toy, model organism, or other have life and abiotic measurand, are placed on the rotatable stage temperature control plate,
Electric rotating machine below the rotatable stage base, is connected with rotatable stage base coaxial rotation,
The rotatable stage temperature control plate is fixed on the top of rotatable stage base, or is installed in the below of rotatable stage base, and at this moment test sample book is to be placed on the rotatable stage base,
Elevating mechanism is installed in the side of rotatable stage base, is connected with leading screw on the lifting motor by slide block, and is connected with rotatable stage base side by slide block, drives the rotatable stage base by lifting motor and moves up and down;
PET radio nuclide imaging unit, include 2 PET radio nuclide imaging detectors, be symmetrically distributed in the rotary carrier platform both sides centered by test sample book, described PET radio nuclide imaging detector is comprised of according to the order of photonic crystal → optical fiber hammer or lens photoconduction → face ccd detector photonic crystal, optical fiber hammer or lens photoconduction, face ccd detector;
The CT image-generating unit, include first x-ray imaging detector and first x-ray source, be symmetrically distributed in the rotary carrier platform both sides centered by test sample book, described the 1st x-ray imaging detector is comprised of according to the order of X ray visible light transition material clad plate → optical fiber hammer → face ccd detector X ray visible light transition material clad plate, optical fiber hammer dough-making powder ccd detector;
The x-ray imaging unit, include second x-ray imaging detector and second x-ray source, be symmetrically distributed in the rotary carrier platform both sides centered by test sample book, described the 2nd x-ray imaging detector is comprised of according to the order of X ray visible light transition material clad plate → lens photoconduction → face ccd detector X ray visible light transition material clad plate, lens photoconduction dough-making powder ccd detector;
The multi-channel signal acquiring processor, be provided with 2 PET signal sampling channels, signal output part with described 2 PET radio nuclide imaging detectors links to each other respectively, also be provided with 2 X ray signal sampling channels, signal output part with described 2 x-ray imaging detectors links to each other respectively, also be provided with 1 signal output channels that links to each other with computer, will be from 2 PET signal sampling channels and 2 signal input computers that the X ray signal sampling channel obtains, the multi-channel signal acquiring processor has the function of acquired signal being carried out filtering, amplification at least;
Multi-axis motion controller links to each other with computer by a signal line, accepts the motion control instruction of computer, respectively described electric rotating machine, lifting motor and 2 x-ray sources is controlled;
Computer, in multimodality fusion imaging in vivo image processes and displays software is installed, comprise PET nucleic radiation image reconstruction software module, CT image reconstruction software module, X ray plane projection imaging software module, image co-registration analysis and processing module and image display, wherein:
PET nucleic radiation image reconstruction software module according to the Difference angles of rotary carrier platform, is rebuild the test sample book signal of PET nucleic detector collection, generating three-dimensional nucleic radiation image,
CT image reconstruction software module according to the Difference angles of rotary carrier platform, is rebuild the test sample image section of CT imaging detector collection, generating three-dimensional CT image,
X ray plane projection imaging software module according to the Difference angles of rotary carrier platform, is rebuild the radioscopy image of x-ray imaging detector collection, generating three-dimensional radioscopy image,
The image co-registration analysis and processing module realizes CT sectioning image, PET nucleic radiation image and the radioscopy image of each angle position are carried out analyzing and processing and three-dimensional reconstruction, generating three-dimensional PET, CT and X ray fusion image,
Image display, realize to CT image, PET nucleic radiation image and radioscopic image show separately, any two moulds merge a surname and dye rear demonstration and three moulds and merge a surname and dye rear demonstration;
In the computer, the motion control instruction that also is equipped with multi-axis motion controller sends and control feedback control over answer management software.
2. a kind of resolution according to claim 1 is at least the multimode imaging in vivo detection system of 50 μ m, it is characterized in that, adopt optical fiber hammer or lens photoconduction to carry out meticulous space segmentation, the imaging in vivo resolution of x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET is brought up to 50 microns or high-resolution more, 49 microns → 1 micron.
3. a kind of resolution according to claim 1 and 2 is at least the multimode imaging in vivo detection system of 50 μ m, it is characterized in that, described optical fiber hammer is comprised of at least 10 optical fiber, optical fiber hammer two ends diameter has the high zoom ratio example more than or equal to 5:1, the optical fiber kind can be silica fibre or glass optical fiber or liquid-core optical fibre, carry out close light isolation between the optical fiber, prevent optical crosstalk.
According to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described a kind of resolution be at least the multimode imaging in vivo detection system of 50 μ m, it is characterized in that, the high zoom ratio example 〉=5:1 of described optical fiber hammer, once to draw molding, or the optical fiber that adopts low zoom ratio＜5:1 is hammered the realization of multistage coupling series winding into shape, the optical fiber hammer has high zoom ratio example imaging function, and light hammer both ends of the surface are corresponding object plane and imaging surface respectively.
5. a kind of resolution according to claim 1 and 2 is at least the multimode imaging in vivo detection system of 50 μ m, it is characterized in that, described lens photoconduction is realized the high zoom ratio example optical beam transformation more than or equal to 5:1, and the lens photoconduction is single lens or aspherical mirror or by the battery of lens of a plurality of eyeglasses or aspherical mirror combination.
6. a kind of resolution according to claim 1 is at least the multimode imaging in vivo detection system of 50 μ m, it is characterized in that described photonic crystal adopts BGO, LYSO, NaI, LSO and GSO or other high-energy ray can be converted to the material of visible light, be made into lamellar, polishing both surfaces;
Described photonic crystal also adopts at quartz glass, or ordinary optical glass or glass fiber reinforced plastic flat plate, or the material that plating can convert high-energy ray to visible light on the fibre faceplate substitutes, and Coating Materials can be that BGO, LYSO, NaI, LSO and GSO or other convert high-energy ray to any in the material of visible light.
7. a kind of resolution according to claim 1 is at least the multimode imaging in vivo detection system of 50 μ m, it is characterized in that, described X ray visible light transition material clad plate passes through at quartz glass, or ordinary optical glass or glass fiber reinforced plastic flat plate, or the material that plating can convert X ray to visible light on the fibre faceplate realizes, Coating Materials is that cesium iodide, sodium iodide or other can convert X ray to any in the material of visible light.
8. a kind of resolution according to claim 1 is at least the multimode imaging in vivo detection system of 50 μ m, it is characterized in that, in described PET radio nuclide imaging detector and the x-ray imaging detector, optical fiber hammer and the direct Alternate of lens photoconduction of identical object plane and imaging surface position, carry out Alternate for the optical fiber hammer of different object planes and imaging surface position and the position of the sub-crystal of lens light conducting toning lay the grain or X ray visible light transition material clad plate and face ccd detector, realize equally 50 microns or more high-resolution x-ray fluoroscopy, CT and PET imaging in vivo.
9. a kind of multimode imaging in vivo detection system that is at least 50 μ m according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, PET radio nuclide imaging, CT imaging, x-ray imaging pass through the precision rotation motor control of rotary carrier platform, realize 360 degree panoramic imageries, obtain at any angle plane picture, faultage image and three-dimensional reconstruction image, without the dead angle, visual field;
Described PET radio nuclide imaging only need to use one group of bipolar symmetrical detector, by the precision rotation motion of rotary carrier platform, realizes 360 degree panorama PET three-dimensional imagings of test sample book;
Described CT imaging only need to be used 1 x-ray imaging detector and an x-ray source, by the precision rotation motion of rotary carrier platform, realizes 360 degree panorama CT three-dimensional imagings of test sample book;
Described x-ray imaging only need to use 1 x-ray imaging detector and an x-ray source, by the precision rotation motion of rotary carrier platform, realizes 360 degree panoramic x-ray perspective three dimensional imagings of test sample book.
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