CN102866327A - Small-current grounding system fault transient traveling wave detection device and method - Google Patents
Small-current grounding system fault transient traveling wave detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102866327A CN102866327A CN2012103383139A CN201210338313A CN102866327A CN 102866327 A CN102866327 A CN 102866327A CN 2012103383139 A CN2012103383139 A CN 2012103383139A CN 201210338313 A CN201210338313 A CN 201210338313A CN 102866327 A CN102866327 A CN 102866327A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a small-current grounding system fault transient traveling wave detection device and a method. The detection device comprises a power frequency starting element, a power frequency sampling unit, a high-speed sampling unit and a central processing unit, wherein the power frequency sampling unit is used for supplying a power frequency starting signal; the power frequency sampling unit is used for sampling a power frequency zero-sequence voltage fault component when receiving power frequency starting signal and transmitting the power frequency information to the high-speed sampling unit and the central processing unit when receiving a transient traveling wave starting signal; otherwise, transmitting the sampled power frequency zero-sequence voltage fault component to the central processing unit; the high-speed sampling unit is used for sampling a transient traveling wave current signal on each circuit, when the power frequency starting signal is received, a fault happens, conducting wavelet transformation for the current traveling wave on the corresponding circuit according to the power frequency zero-frequency voltage fault component and the transient traveling wave current signal and transmitting to the central processing unit; the central processing unit is used for receiving a calculation result of the high-speed sampling unit on each circuit and searching a fault circuit according to the result; and otherwise, searching for the fault circuit according to a stable fault component.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low current neutral grounding system fault and detect, particularly a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave pick-up unit and method.
Background technology
At present, the neutral point of distribution system adopts the non-effective earthing mode mostly both at home and abroad, and such distribution system is called as small current neutral grounding system traditionally.The advantage of this system's maximum is when singlephase earth fault occurs, do not destroy the symmetry of system line voltage, system can continue to move 1h ~ 2h, and the operations staff must determine at the appointed time that faulty line makes it and isolation of system, to prevent the further expansion of fault.
If exist but the earth fault in the small current neutral grounding system is long-time, fault electric arc may burn out the trouble spot, causes short trouble, and expansion causes the accident.For cable system, especially true.3 times of the √ (stable state) because the non-fault line voltage-to-ground has raise, if be attended by arc phenomenon then may make the highest transient voltage of non-fault line reach about 3 times of phase voltage, increased the requirement to the line insulation performance, over the ground flashover of healthy phases has easily occured; An other point failure occurs again when earth fault especially, easily cause the two phase ground short circuit, this arrives system safety operation with regard to serious threat.Therefore should in time find faulty line to be excised, the larger harm of avoiding further fault to cause, the increase power supply reliability is very necessary and realistic meaning is arranged.
At present, detect for the capable ripple of low current neutral grounding system fault, the system with non-effectively earthed neutral earthing wire-selecting is summed up mainly and is comprised: open line method and injecting signal.
Open line method: when ground connection occured, the operations staff passed through one by one the way of circuit switching on/and seeks grounding circuit.The method is a kind of ancient manual method, but still often is used in the present actual motion.Open line method is operated a switch owing to non-selectivity, must cause electric current, voltge surge, shortened the serviceable life of isolating switch, increased the requirement to the line insulation performance, easily make the fault aggravation, and then damage power equipment, destroy system safety operation, cause in addition the power failure outside the plan of non-fault wire, reduced power supply reliability.
Injecting signal: the fault phase PT that former limit by short circuit, temporarily is in off position when utilizing single-phase earthing injects a specific current signal (the existing signal characteristic of circuit when being different from fault) to ground path, because the signal that injects can inject the earth through earth point along ground path, can realize route selection with the signal tracing principle.The Injection Signal power of injecting signal is subjected to PT or arc suppression coil capacity limit, when Injection Signal power is large not, the signal that the high-pressure side measures a little less than, be difficult to accurate route selection; When stake resistance was larger, distributed capacitance can to the signal shunting of injecting, bring interference for route selection and fixed point on the circuit; If there is arc phenomenon in earth point, the signal of injection is that cable line, the overhead transmission line signal in the circuit when fixed point all is difficult for being identified in the line with discontinuous and can destroy signal characteristic.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the problems referred to above, propose a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave pick-up unit, so that select fast faulty line.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave pick-up unit, comprising:
The power frequency startup element is used for to the high-speed sampling unit, central processing unit and power frequency sampling unit provide the power frequency startup signal;
The power frequency sampling unit is sampled to power frequency residual voltage fault component when being used for receiving the power frequency startup signal, when receiving the transient state travelling wave enabling signal, with the power frequency communication that samples to high speed sampling unit and CPU (central processing unit); Otherwise, only transmit the power frequency residual voltage fault component that samples to CPU (central processing unit);
The high-speed sampling unit, be used for the transient state travelling wave current signal on every circuit is sampled, when receiving the power frequency startup signal, then fault occurs, according to power frequency residual voltage fault component and transient state travelling wave current signal the current traveling wave on the respective lines is carried out wavelet transformation, and reach CPU (central processing unit);
CPU (central processing unit) be used for to be transmitted the power frequency startup signal, and if receive simultaneously power frequency startup signal and transient state travelling wave enabling signal, the high-speed sampling unit that receives on each circuit calculates the result who obtains, according to this looking up the fault circuit as a result; Otherwise, according to stable state fault component looking up the fault circuit.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, also comprise the fault display unit that is connected with described CPU (central processing unit).
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, described CPU (central processing unit) is general processor.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, described high-speed sampler is digital signal processor, or application-specific integrated circuit ASIC, or field-programmable gate array FPGA.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, described power frequency sampling unit is digital signal processor, or application-specific integrated circuit ASIC, or field-programmable gate array FPGA.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, described fault display unit comprises LCDs, pilot lamp and hummer.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, described CPU (central processing unit) comprises according to the modulus maximum information searching faulty line criterion that the high-speed sampler calculating that receives on each circuit obtains:
The initial transient current travelling waves numerical value that occurs on the faulty line is maximum, and the transient state travelling wave current values of other ungrounded circuit is very little;
Polarity and the non-fault line of faulty line current traveling wave are opposite; The current traveling wave polarity of non-fault line is identical.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, described CPU (central processing unit) comprises according to the modulus maximum information searching faulty line criterion that the high-speed sampler calculating that receives on each circuit obtains:
The based on wavelet modulus maxima amplitude of the capable ripple of faulty line initial current is maximum, and the based on wavelet modulus maxima of the capable ripple of initial current of polarity and non-fault line is opposite;
The based on wavelet modulus maxima polarity of the capable ripple of initial current of all non-fault lines is identical.
For achieving the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave detection method, comprising:
The power frequency startup signal is provided;
When receiving the power frequency startup signal power frequency residual voltage fault component is sampled, when receiving the transient state travelling wave enabling signal, with the power frequency communication that samples to high speed sampling unit and CPU (central processing unit); Otherwise, only transmit the power frequency residual voltage fault component that samples to CPU (central processing unit);
Transient state travelling wave current signal on every circuit is sampled, when receiving the power frequency startup signal, then fault occurs, and according to power frequency residual voltage fault component and transient state travelling wave current signal the current traveling wave on the respective lines is carried out wavelet transformation, and reaches CPU (central processing unit);
Receive the result that the high-speed sampling unit on each circuit calculate to obtain, according to this looking up the fault circuit as a result; Otherwise, according to stable state fault component looking up the fault circuit.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, also comprise: the faulty line that finds out is shown, and form Trouble Report.
Technique scheme has following beneficial effect: this device obtains amplitude and the polar character of travelling wave signal based on wavelet transformation, utilize the difference of the capable wave amplitude of faulty line and non-fault line and polarity, form the criterion of looking up the fault circuit, this device and method improves accuracy and speed on the basis of conveniently finding faulty line.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 detects principle schematic for the present invention is based on the low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave;
Fig. 2 is one of a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave structure of the detecting device block diagram of proposing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave pick-up unit high speed sampling unit structural representation that the present invention proposes;
Fig. 4 is two of a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave structure of the detecting device block diagram of proposing of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave detection method process flow diagram that the present invention proposes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
Find out accuracy rate and the speed of faulty line for raising, the present invention proposes a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave pick-up unit.This device utilizes wavelet transformation to have the characteristics of simultaneously conversion of frequency-domain and time-domain, can detect the singularity of signal, with wavelet transformation transient state travelling wave is processed, and can obtain amplitude and the polar character of travelling wave signal.Utilize the difference of the capable wave amplitude of faulty line and non-fault line and polarity, form the criterion of looking up the fault circuit, can conveniently find faulty line, improve accuracy and speed, search for Distribution Network Failure and propose new thinking and starting point.
In distribution line, when circuit point generation single-phase short circuit, then the voltage of this trouble spot is zero.According to superposition principle, malfunction is equivalent to the voltage source that has increased by two opposite sign but equal magnitude in the trouble spot, and the numerical value of its supply voltage equals the magnitude of voltage of front this point of fault.Circuit after the fault can be considered the superposition of non-malfunction circuit and fault additivity circuit, and wherein, non-malfunction circuit is exactly the circuit of normal operation before the fault, and the fault extension wire only just occurs after fault occurs.The power supply that acts on the fault extension wire is exactly that front this point voltage numerical value of fault equates, the equivalent source of opposite direction, under the effect of this power supply, only comprises the voltage and current of fault component in the fault adjunct circuit.Behind the status circuit that the circuit after the fault is resolved into normal operation and fault additivity circuit, the analysis of circuit after the fault be can be considered analysis to the fault adjunct circuit; The research of the variation of electric current and voltage after the fault is converted into research to the fault component electric current and voltage.
As shown in Figure 1, detect principle schematic for the present invention is based on the low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave.As can be seen from Figure 1, when fault occurs, place, trouble spot at the fault adjunct circuit applies suddenly a voltage source, under the effect of this voltage source, the trouble spot will produce to the transient state travelling wave of bus motion, at Nodes reflection and refraction occuring, by the analysis to the transient state travelling wave characteristic, can utilize this characteristic to design the scheme of looking up the fault circuit.
Utilize the route selection criterion of transient state travelling wave, the current traveling wave that comes from the trouble spot moves to substation bus bar through faulty line, at the bus place catadioptric will occur.Owing to generally being connected to many turnover circuits on the power distribution network bus, so the row wave reflection is very strong.Wherein, the capable ripple on the faulty line is the strongest: it be come from the trouble spot initial reverse row ripple and the reflection after changed direction the ripple that moves ahead and.And the capable ripple on other circuit is the capable wave refraction component that comes from trouble spot and the faulty line, and this component is only arranged.So numerical value is very little, polarity and faulty line are opposite.
According to this feature, record the current traveling wave on every loop line road, wherein numerical value maximum, polarity and other line current polarity of traveling wave opposite are exactly faulty line.In actual three-phase line, the phase current of each circuit should compare with the phase current of corresponding line.
Can be expressed as based on the above-mentioned low current neutral grounding system fault route selecting criterion of current traveling wave of utilizing:
1. the initial transient current travelling waves numerical value that occurs on the faulty line is maximum, and the transient state travelling wave current values of other ungrounded circuit is very little;
2. the polarity of faulty line current traveling wave and non-fault line are opposite;
3. the current traveling wave polarity of non-fault line is identical.
Whether concrete route selection principle: at first come failure judgement to occur with residual voltage, fault is utilized the amplitude of faulty line and non-fault line current traveling wave and the difference of polarity after occuring, and selects faulty line if being.
Need to prove especially, current traveling wave is the signal of a sudden change, must use suitable mathematical method in order to measure and detect it.Wavelet transformation has the Time-Frequency Localization characteristic, is suitable for analysis and the detection of transient state jump signal.The derived function of selecting dyadic wavelet transform and selecting the secondary central function is carried out wavelet transformation as wavelet function to the capable ripple of initial current of each phase, ask for their based on wavelet modulus maxima, select fault wire according to this modulus maximum again, the route selection criterion can be expressed as follows:
The based on wavelet modulus maxima amplitude of the capable ripple of faulty line initial current is maximum, and the based on wavelet modulus maxima of the capable ripple of initial current of polarity and non-fault line is opposite; The based on wavelet modulus maxima polarity of the capable ripple of initial current of all non-fault lines is identical.
Based on above-mentioned principle of work, the present invention proposes a kind of device, as shown in Figure 2, and one of a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave structure of the detecting device block diagram that proposes for the present invention.Comprise: high-speed sampling unit 203, power frequency sampling unit 204, power frequency startup element 201 and CPU (central processing unit) 202; Wherein, power frequency startup element 201 with high-speed sampling unit 203, be connected, high-speed sampling unit 203, power frequency sampling unit 204 all are connected with CPU (central processing unit) 202.As shown in Figure 3, a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave pick-up unit high speed sampling unit 203 structural representations that propose for the present invention.Described high-speed sampling unit comprises N high-speed sampler, and N is the number of lines in the small current neutral grounding system.
As shown in Figure 4, two of a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave structure of the detecting device block diagram that proposes for the present invention.On device basic shown in Figure 2, increased the fault display unit 205 that is connected with CPU (central processing unit) 202.
Aspect the hardware realization, CPU (central processing unit) 202 preferred generic processors; High-speed sampling unit 203 and power frequency sampling unit 204 all optional digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit ASIC or field-programmable gate array FPGA are realized; Fault display unit 205 comprises LCDs, pilot lamp and hummer.
As shown in Figure 5, a kind of low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave detection method process flow diagram that proposes for the present invention.The method comprises:
Step 501: the power frequency startup signal is provided;
Step 502: when receiving the power frequency startup signal power frequency residual voltage fault component is sampled, when receiving the transient state travelling wave enabling signal, with the power frequency communication that samples to high speed sampling unit and CPU (central processing unit); Otherwise, only transmit the power frequency residual voltage fault component that samples to CPU (central processing unit);
Step 503: the transient state travelling wave current signal on every circuit is sampled, when receiving the power frequency startup signal, then fault occurs, and according to power frequency residual voltage fault component and transient state travelling wave current signal the current traveling wave on the respective lines is carried out wavelet transformation, and reaches CPU (central processing unit);
Step 504: receive the result that the high-speed sampling unit on each circuit calculate to obtain, according to this looking up the fault circuit as a result; Otherwise, according to stable state fault component looking up the fault circuit.
The embodiment of the invention is inquired into low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave pick-up unit scheme based on low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave detection method.During normal operation, sampling to the transient state travelling wave current signal continuously in high-speed sampling unit 203, leaves sampled data in the sampling buffer area.As not having the transient state travelling wave enabling signal, sampled data is deposited in the circulation of sampling buffer area, batch data before rear batch data covers automatically; If any the transient state travelling wave enabling signal, the transient state travelling wave sampled data that high-speed sampling unit 203 will deposited automatically dumps to failsafe buffer, then waits for the power frequency startup signal.As not receiving the power frequency startup signal in the setting-up time, then abandon these record data, think undesired signal; As receiving the power frequency startup signal in the setting-up time, think that then ground connection occurs, the capable ripple of current temporary state is carried out wavelet transformation, calculate modulus maximum, and initiatively the modulus maximum of primary data is uploaded to CPU (central processing unit) 202.
During normal operation, power frequency sampling unit 204 is sampled to power frequency residual voltage fault component continuously, judge power frequency startup according to power frequency startup element 201, when if power frequency startup element 201 starts, receive the transient state travelling wave enabling signal, power frequency sampling unit 204 sends power frequency information to high-speed sampling unit 203 and CPU (central processing unit) 202, and indication single-phase ground connection occurs, as do not receive and the transient state travelling wave enabling signal only transmit power current fault component data to CPU (central processing unit) 202.
CPU (central processing unit) 202 is after receiving the power frequency startup signal, if receive the transient state travelling wave enabling signal, just wait for the modulus maximum information that each high-speed sampler calculates in the high-speed sampling unit 203, receive the modulus maximum of all circuits after, start the route selection criterion; As not receiving capable ripple enabling signal, start stable state fault component variant projects of location.Indication ground connection information by the LCDs in the fault display unit 205, pilot lamp and hummer is reported to the police, and forms Trouble Report, determines whether ground connection information is uploaded control center as required.CPU (central processing unit) 202 is to power frequency sampling unit 204 request power frequency sampled datas and the capable ripple sampled data of high-speed sampling unit 203 request current temporary states after finishing route selection.
Above-described embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection domain that is not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave pick-up unit is characterized in that, comprising:
The power frequency startup element is used for providing the power frequency startup signal;
The power frequency sampling unit is sampled to power frequency residual voltage fault component when being used for receiving the power frequency startup signal, when receiving the transient state travelling wave enabling signal, with the power frequency communication that samples to high speed sampling unit and CPU (central processing unit); Otherwise, only transmit the power frequency residual voltage fault component that samples to CPU (central processing unit);
The high-speed sampling unit, be used for the transient state travelling wave current signal on every circuit is sampled, when receiving the power frequency startup signal, then fault occurs, according to power frequency residual voltage fault component and transient state travelling wave current signal the current traveling wave on the respective lines is carried out wavelet transformation, and reach CPU (central processing unit);
CPU (central processing unit), the high-speed sampling unit that be used for to receive on each circuit calculates the result who obtains, according to this looking up the fault circuit as a result; Otherwise, according to stable state fault component looking up the fault circuit.
2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises the fault display unit that is connected with described CPU (central processing unit).
3. device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described CPU (central processing unit) is general processor.
4. device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described high-speed sampler is digital signal processor, or application-specific integrated circuit ASIC, or field-programmable gate array FPGA.
5. device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described power frequency sampling unit is digital signal processor, or application-specific integrated circuit ASIC, or field-programmable gate array FPGA.
6. device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described fault display unit comprises LCDs, pilot lamp and hummer.
7. device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described CPU (central processing unit) comprises according to the modulus maximum information searching faulty line criterion that the high-speed sampler calculating that receives on each circuit obtains:
The initial transient current travelling waves numerical value that occurs on the faulty line is maximum, and the transient state travelling wave current values of other ungrounded circuit is very little;
Polarity and the non-fault line of faulty line current traveling wave are opposite; The current traveling wave polarity of non-fault line is identical.
8. device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described CPU (central processing unit) comprises according to the modulus maximum information searching faulty line criterion that the high-speed sampler calculating that receives on each circuit obtains:
The based on wavelet modulus maxima amplitude of the capable ripple of faulty line initial current is maximum, and the based on wavelet modulus maxima of the capable ripple of initial current of polarity and non-fault line is opposite;
The based on wavelet modulus maxima polarity of the capable ripple of initial current of all non-fault lines is identical.
9. a low current neutral grounding system fault transient state travelling wave detection method is characterized in that, comprising:
The power frequency startup signal is provided;
When receiving the power frequency startup signal power frequency residual voltage fault component is sampled, when receiving the transient state travelling wave enabling signal, with the power frequency communication that samples to high speed sampling unit and CPU (central processing unit); Otherwise, only transmit the power frequency residual voltage fault component that samples to CPU (central processing unit);
Transient state travelling wave current signal on every circuit is sampled, and when receiving the power frequency startup signal, then fault occurs, and according to power frequency residual voltage fault component and transient state travelling wave current signal the current traveling wave on the respective lines is carried out wavelet transformation;
Receive the result that the high-speed sampling unit on each circuit calculate to obtain, according to this looking up the fault circuit as a result; Otherwise, according to power frequency residual voltage fault component looking up the fault circuit.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, also comprises: the faulty line that finds out is shown, and form Trouble Report.
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| CN117092452A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2023-11-21 | 智联新能电力科技有限公司 | Power distribution network high-resistance ground fault detection and isolation method based on broadband current signals |
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