CN102859137A - 内燃机 - Google Patents

内燃机 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN102859137A
CN102859137A CN2010800252657A CN201080025265A CN102859137A CN 102859137 A CN102859137 A CN 102859137A CN 2010800252657 A CN2010800252657 A CN 2010800252657A CN 201080025265 A CN201080025265 A CN 201080025265A CN 102859137 A CN102859137 A CN 102859137A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
exhaust
combustion engine
valve
unit
exhaust gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN2010800252657A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
宇野幸树
桥本英次
森泰一
藤原成启
花田俊一
神庭千佳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Publication of CN102859137A publication Critical patent/CN102859137A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/38—Arrangements for igniting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F01N2430/10—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying inlet or exhaust valve timing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
    • F01N2610/102—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance after addition to exhaust gases, e.g. by a passively or actively heated surface in the exhaust conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及的内燃机具备：设置于排气通路的排气处理装置；燃烧装置，该燃烧装置设置于排气处理装置的上游侧，用于使排气温度升温；以及可变机构，该可变机构用于使排气门的配气相位正时变化。对可变机构进行控制，使得当通过燃烧装置的废气流量为规定值以上时，在膨胀行程中途的活塞下降过程中排气门打开。如果在该正时使排气门打开，则能够将此时存在于燃烧室内的高温的废气或者燃烧气体送入燃烧装置，能够使燃烧装置的气氛气体温度上升。因此，即使在废气流量增大到规定值以上时也能够确保充分的点火性能。

Description

内燃机
技术领域
本发明涉及内燃机，特别是涉及在排气通路内的排气处理装置的上游侧设置有用于使排气温度升温的燃烧装置的内燃机。
背景技术
存在如下情况：在内燃机的排气通路中，在排气处理装置(催化剂等)的上游侧设置有燃烧装置，利用由燃烧装置生成的加热气体使排气温度升温，对排气处理装置进行加热，从而促进排气处理装置的暖机。
在专利文献1中公开了一种催化剂升温装置，该催化剂升温装置具备喷射燃料的添加阀和具有用于使喷射燃料点火的发热部的点火单元。添加阀和点火单元配设在从添加阀喷射的燃料与发热部直接接触的位置。这样，上述燃烧装置典型来说是利用适当的点火单元对喷射到排气通路内的燃料进行点火而使其燃烧的燃烧装置。
然而，燃烧装置的点火性能具有当通过该燃烧装置的废气流量增大到规定值以上时点火性能降低的倾向。其原因在于：当废气流量大时，点火单元的气氛气体温度降低，以及气体流速变快，即使进行点火，火种也会消失。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的在于提供一种即使在通过燃烧装置的废气流量增大时也能够确保充分的点火性能的内燃机。
【专利文献1】日本特开2006-112401号公报
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种内燃机，其特征在于，具备：
设置于排气通路的排气处理装置；
燃烧装置，该燃烧装置设置于上述排气处理装置的上游侧，用于使排气温度升温；
可变机构，该可变机构用于使排气门的配气相位正时变化；以及
控制单元，该控制单元对上述可变机构进行控制，使得当通过上述燃烧装置的废气流量为规定值以上时，在膨胀行程中途的活塞下降过程中上述排气门打开。
如果在膨胀行程中途的活塞下降过程中使排气门打开，则能够将此时存在于燃烧室内的高温的废气或者燃烧气体送入燃烧装置，能够使燃烧装置的气氛气体温度上升。因此，即使在废气流量增大到规定值以上时也能够确保充分的点火性能。
优选上述内燃机还具备检测单元，该检测单元检测作为上述废气流量的代用值的进气量，
上述控制单元对上述可变机构进行控制，使得当由上述检测单元检测出的进气量为规定值以上时，在膨胀行程中途的活塞下降过程中上述排气门打开。
优选上述燃烧装置包括燃料添加阀、点火单元以及前处理催化转换器。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施方式的概略图。
图2是表示燃烧装置的纵剖侧视图。
图3是从上游侧观察燃烧装置时的纵剖主视图。
图4是表示排气门的打开时的样子的概略图。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的优选实施方式进行详细说明。不过，本发明的实施方式并不限定于下述的各方式，必须注意，本发明包括由权利要求书限定的本发明的思想所包含的所有的变形例和应用例。实施方式所记载的构成要素的尺寸、材质、形状、其相对配置等，只有没有特意地确定记载，则并非意图将发明的技术范围仅限于此。
图1示出实施方式的发动机主体1及其进排气系统的概略结构。发动机主体1是车载的四冲程柴油发送机。在发动机主体1连接有进气管2以及排气管3(排气通路)。在进气管2的中途设置有输出与在进气管2内流通的进气的流量对应的信号的空气流量计4。利用该空气流量计4来检测每单位时间流入发动机主体1的进气量(即进气流量)。另外，发动机主体1具有多个气缸，在各气缸设置有缸内燃料喷射阀9，但在图1中仅示出单一的缸内燃料喷射阀9。
排气管3的末端与未图示的消音器连接，通过消音器的出口朝大气敞开。在排气管3的中途从上游侧开始依次串联配置有氧化催化转换器6以及NOx催化转换器26。
氧化催化转换器6使HC、CO等未燃成分与O2反应而成为CO、CO2、H2O等。作为催化剂物质例如能够使用Pt/CeO2、Mn/CeO2、Fe/CeO2、Ni/CeO2、Cu/CeO2等。
NOx催化转换器26优选由吸留还原型NOx催化转换器(NSR：NOxStorage Reduction)构成。NOx催化转换器26具有当流入的排气的氧浓度高时吸留排气中的NOx、当流入的排气的氧浓度低且存在还原成分(例如燃料等)时对所吸留的NOx进行还原的功能。NOx催化转换器26构成为在由氧化铝Al2O3等氧化物形成的基体表面担载有作为催化剂成分的铂Pt这样的贵金属以及NOx吸收成分。NOx吸收成分例如包含选自钾K、钠Na、锂Li、铯Cs这样的碱金属；钡Ba、钙Ca这样的碱土类金属；镧La、钇Y这样的稀土类中的至少一个。另外，NOx催化转换器26也可以是选择还原型NOx催化转换器(SCR：Selective CatalyticReduction)。
除了上述氧化催化转换器6和NOx催化转换器26之外，还可以设置有用于捕集排气中的煤等微粒(PM、颗粒)的颗粒过滤器(DPF)。优选DPF是担载有由贵金属形成的催化剂，将捕集到的微粒连续地氧化燃烧的连续再生式的颗粒过滤器。优选DPF至少位于氧化催化转换器6的下游侧，且配置在NOx催化转换器26的上游侧或者下游侧。另外，在火花点火式内燃机的情况下，优选在排气通路设置有三元催化剂。上述氧化催化转换器6、NOx催化转换器26、DPF以及三元催化剂相当于本发明的排气处理装置。
在排气管3的位于氧化催化转换器6的上游侧的位置配置有燃烧装置30。燃烧装置30包括燃料添加阀7、作为点火单元的电热塞21、以及前处理催化转换器8。燃烧装置30配置在比与发动机主体1连接的排气歧管(未图示)的集合部靠下游侧的位置。
如在图2和图3中详细示出的那样，燃料添加阀7能够向排气中添加液体燃料(轻油)。燃料添加阀7具有单一的喷孔7a。喷孔7a的中心轴包括横切排气管3的方向的分量，且朝向排气管3的下游向斜下方倾斜。另外，喷孔可以是多个。
在排气管3的位于燃料添加阀7与氧化催化转换器6之间的部分，设置有对从燃料添加阀7喷射来的燃料进行重整的前处理催化转换器8。该前处理催化转换器8例如能够构成为在沸石制的载体担载有铑等的氧化催化转换器。
当向前处理催化转换器8供给燃料时，如果此时前处理催化转换器8活性化的话，则在前处理催化转换器8内燃料被氧化，利用此时产生的氧化反应热使前处理催化转换器8升温。因此，能够使通过前处理催化转换器8的废气升温。
并且，当前处理催化转换器8的温度变高时，燃料中的碳数多的烃分解而生成碳数少且反应性高的烃，由此将燃料重整成反应性高的燃料。
换言之，前处理催化转换器8一方面构成急速发热的急速发热器，另一方面构成排出重整后的燃料的重整燃料排出器。并且，从燃料添加阀7供给的燃料的一部分或者全部由电热塞21点火，由此也促进废气的升温。
前处理催化转换器8的外径比排气管3的内径小，当前处理催化转换器8被收纳于排气管3时，排气能够通过前处理催化转换器8的外周面与排气管3的内周面之间的间隙亦即催化剂迂回通路3a。前处理催化转换器8是各个单元从上游朝下游连通的所谓的直流型催化转换器。前处理催化转换器8配置在近似圆筒状的外框8a内，该外框8a由近似放射状地配置的多个支柱8b支承在排气管3内。前处理催化转换器8遍及除支柱8b的安装部以外的实质上整周都由催化剂迂回通路3a包围。
排气管3形成为近似圆筒形状。前处理催化转换器8的排气流动方向的轴心比排气管3的排气流动方向的轴心偏向图中下方。因此，对于上述的催化剂迂回通路3a，在图中上侧形成宽广的宽广侧迂回通路3b，在下侧形成狭窄的狭小侧迂回通路3c。
电热塞21以其发热部21a位于比燃料添加阀7靠下游侧且比前处理催化转换器8靠上游侧的位置的方式设置。电热塞21经由未图示的升压回路与车载直流电源连接，在被通电时发热部21a发热。能够利用由发热部21a产生的热对从燃料添加阀7供给的燃料进行点火而产生火焰F。电热塞21的轴心朝向排气管3的上游倾斜，但例如也能够以使电热塞21的轴心与流动方向正交、或者与后述的碰撞板20的长度方向平行的方式配置等，能够以任意的姿态配置。另外，作为点火单元，能够使用陶瓷加热器、火花塞等其他装置、特别是能够使用电热式或者火花点火式的装置。
收纳前处理催化转换器8的外框8a的前端部的下部成为朝向上游侧突出的檐沟状的突出部8c。在突出部8c的前端部(上游端部)且是上端部固定有由平板构成的碰撞板20。碰撞板20位于比排气管3的轴心靠下侧的位置，且以下游端比上游端靠下侧的方式稍微倾斜。
碰撞板20能够由SUS等耐热性以及耐冲击性优异的材料形成。燃料添加阀7朝碰撞板20向斜后下方喷射燃料。燃料添加阀7的喷孔7a的中心轴朝向碰撞板20的上表面的中心20a。从燃料添加阀7供给的燃料的轨道包括横切排气管3的方向的分量。碰撞板20通过与燃料碰撞来促进燃料的微粒化、雾化，使燃料的分散性、扩散性提高。与碰撞板20碰撞后的燃料借助排气流偏向下游侧。与碰撞板20碰撞后的燃料被供给至前处理催化转换器8以及电热塞21的发热部21a。
电热塞21的发热部21a配置在前处理催化转换器8的附近、且相对于前处理催化转换器8的前端面配置在稍靠上游侧且是上方的位置，由此能够与前处理催化转换器8进行热交换。即，电热塞21配置在当前处理催化转换器8升温时发热部21a的附近因热辐射以及对流而升温，从而促进从燃料添加阀7供给的燃料的点火的位置。不过，电热塞21的发热部21a的在流动方向的位置可以与前处理催化转换器8的前端面相同，也可以比前处理催化转换器8的前端面靠下游侧。
如图1所示，在发动机主体1并设有电子控制单元(以下称作ECU)10，该电子控制单元10用于根据发动机主体1的运转状态、驾驶员的要求等对各种设备进行控制。该ECU 10构成为具备执行与发动机控制相关的各种运算处理的CPU、存储该控制所需要的程序和数据的ROM、暂时存储CPU的运算结果等的RAM、用于与外部之间进行信号的输入输出的输入输出端口等。
在ECU 10，除了连接有上述的空气流量计4之外，还经由电气配线连接有包括检测发动机主体1的曲轴转角的曲轴转角传感器24、输出与油门开度对应的电信号的油门开度传感器25的各种传感器类，上述各部的输出信号被输入到ECU 10。并且，在ECU 10经由电气配线连接有包括缸内燃料喷射阀9、燃料添加阀7以及电热塞21的各种设备，这些设备由ECU 10控制。ECU 10能够基于空气流量计4的输出值检测进气量，基于曲轴转角传感器24的输出值检测内燃机转速，基于油门开度传感器25的输出值检测发动机主体1的要求负荷。
此外，在内燃机主体1设置有用于分别使未图示的各气缸的进气门以及排气门的配气相位正时变化的进气侧可变机构41以及排气侧可变机构42。上述可变机构41、42分别是变更进气凸轮轴43以及排气凸轮轴44相对于曲轴的相对相位，使进气门以及排气门的开闭正时在保持同一作用角的状态下变更的机构。上述可变机构41、42也包含在各种设备中，且由ECU 10控制。
在本实施方式中，在实施使用燃烧装置30进行的升温控制时，ECU10对燃料添加阀7和电热塞21进行控制。即，从燃料添加阀7喷射燃料，对电热塞21进行适当通电而使其处于充分的高温。喷射燃料由电热塞21点火而燃烧，由此生成火焰F，生成高温的加热气体。该加热气体被供给至氧化催化转换器6以及NOx催化转换器26。并且，利用火焰F和加热气体也能够使从前处理催化转换器8的出口排出的重整燃料燃烧。
根据ECU 10的ROM内预先存储的映射、并基于表示发动机运转状态的参数(内燃机转速、油门开度、进气量等)，设定从燃料添加阀7喷射的燃料的量。
另外，如上所述，燃烧装置30的点火性能具有当通过燃烧装置30的废气流量增大到规定值以上时点火性能降低的倾向。其原因在于，当废气流量大时，作为点火单元的电热塞21的气氛气体温度降低。例如，当废气流量增大到12g/s时，为了得到良好的点火燃烧，作为处于电热塞21的气氛中的废气的温度需要为150℃以上。但是，在这种废气流量的条件下实际上难以得到上述的废气温度。
因此，在本实施方式中，作为该对策，对排气侧可变机构42进行控制，使得当废气流量为规定值以上时，在膨胀行程中途的活塞下降过程中排气门打开。
如图4所示，如果在膨胀行程或者燃烧行程的中途且活塞12的下降过程中使排气门13打开(即提前打开)，则能够将此时存在于燃烧室14内的高温的废气或者燃烧气体送入排气管3进而送入燃烧装置30，能够使燃烧装置30的电热塞21周边的气氛气体温度上升。因此，即使在废气流量增大到规定值以上时也能够确保良好且充分的点火性能。另外，在图4中，15表示进气门，16表示与进气管2连通的进气口，17表示与排气管3连通的排气口。
优选作为废气流量的代用值使用进气量Ga。利用空气流量计4以及ECU 10检测该进气量Ga。在使用空气流量计4检测出的进气量Ga为规定值(例如12g/s)以上时，ECU 10对排气侧可变机构42进行控制，使得在膨胀行程中途且活塞下降过程中的规定的第一正时排气门13打开(具体而言开始打开)。另一方面，在使用空气流量计4检测出的进气量Ga不足上述规定值时，ECU 10对排气侧可变机构42进行控制，使得排气门13在比上述第一正时晚的第二正时打开。
以上，带有某种程度的具体性地对本发明进行了说明，但必须理解，能够在不脱离本发明的权利要求的精神和范围的前提下进行各种改变、变更。本发明的实施方式并不限定于上述的各方式，本发明包括由权利要求书限定的本发明的思想所包含的所有的变形例、应用例。因而，本发明不应限定性地解释，也能够在属于本发明的思想的范围内的其他任意的技术中应用本发明。用于解决本发明的课题的方法能够在可能的情况下组合使用。
前处理催化转换器以及排气管中的至少一方的截面也可以是椭圆形、长圆形等非圆形。存在于比前处理催化转换器靠下游侧的位置的排气处理装置的种类、排列顺序是任意的。

Claims (3)

1.一种内燃机，其特征在于，具备：
设置于排气通路的排气处理装置；
燃烧装置，该燃烧装置设置于所述排气处理装置的上游侧，用于使排气温度升温；
可变机构，该可变机构用于使排气门的配气相位正时变化；以及
控制单元，该控制单元对所述可变机构进行控制，使得当通过所述燃烧装置的废气的流量为规定值以上时，在膨胀行程中途的活塞下降过程中所述排气门打开。
2.根据权利要求1所述的内燃机，其特征在于，
所述内燃机还具备检测单元，该检测单元检测作为所述废气流量的代用值的进气量，
所述控制单元对所述可变机构进行控制，使得当由所述检测单元检测出的进气量为规定值以上时，在膨胀行程中途的活塞下降过程中所述排气门打开。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的内燃机，其特征在于，
所述燃烧装置包括燃料添加阀、点火单元以及前处理催化转换器。
CN2010800252657A 2010-04-26 2010-04-26 内燃机 Pending CN102859137A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2010/002985 WO2011135608A1 (ja) 2010-04-26 2010-04-26 内燃機関

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102859137A true CN102859137A (zh) 2013-01-02

Family

ID=44860963

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2010800252657A Pending CN102859137A (zh) 2010-04-26 2010-04-26 内燃机

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20120073274A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2565411A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5206884B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN102859137A (zh)
WO (1) WO2011135608A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105587654A (zh) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-18 通用电气公司 压力传感器系统及利用其的质量流量计算器和燃气涡轮机系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5961995B2 (ja) 2011-12-12 2016-08-03 いすゞ自動車株式会社 内燃機関とその制御方法
JP6209467B2 (ja) * 2014-03-10 2017-10-04 株式会社クボタ エンジンの排気処理装置
DE102016223578A1 (de) * 2016-11-28 2018-05-30 Continental Automotive Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Verdampfung eines Fluids

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4995351A (en) * 1989-11-21 1991-02-26 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine
JPH11210449A (ja) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-03 Mazda Motor Corp ターボ過給機付エンジン
JP2008196377A (ja) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-28 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の制御装置
WO2010026466A1 (en) * 2008-09-04 2010-03-11 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas control apparatus for internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5771683A (en) * 1995-08-30 1998-06-30 Southwest Research Institute Active porous medium aftertreatment control system
JP3521790B2 (ja) * 1998-03-25 2004-04-19 株式会社デンソー 内燃機関の制御装置
US6729125B2 (en) * 2000-09-19 2004-05-04 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas purifying system
US7137246B2 (en) * 2002-04-24 2006-11-21 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Control for diesel engine with particulate filter
US6895745B2 (en) * 2003-04-04 2005-05-24 Borgwarner Inc. Secondary combustion for regeneration of catalyst and incineration of deposits in particle trap of vehicle exhaust
JP4614448B2 (ja) * 2005-11-25 2011-01-19 ボッシュ株式会社 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
JP2007198315A (ja) * 2006-01-27 2007-08-09 Bosch Corp 内燃機関の排気浄化装置及び排気浄化方法
JP4650321B2 (ja) * 2006-03-28 2011-03-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 制御装置
US7762060B2 (en) * 2006-04-28 2010-07-27 Caterpillar Inc. Exhaust treatment system
US7594485B2 (en) * 2006-12-26 2009-09-29 Caterpillar Inc. Valve actuation system for internal combustion engine
JP5018723B2 (ja) * 2008-10-01 2012-09-05 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
US20100095915A1 (en) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-22 Lincoln Evans-Beauchamp External compression two-stroke internal combustion engine with burner manifold

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4995351A (en) * 1989-11-21 1991-02-26 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine
JPH11210449A (ja) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-03 Mazda Motor Corp ターボ過給機付エンジン
JP2008196377A (ja) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-28 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の制御装置
WO2010026466A1 (en) * 2008-09-04 2010-03-11 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas control apparatus for internal combustion engine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105587654A (zh) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-18 通用电气公司 压力传感器系统及利用其的质量流量计算器和燃气涡轮机系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011135608A1 (ja) 2011-11-03
US20120073274A1 (en) 2012-03-29
JPWO2011135608A1 (ja) 2013-07-18
JP5206884B2 (ja) 2013-06-12
EP2565411A1 (en) 2013-03-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103348108B (zh) 废气升温用燃烧装置
CN101769210B (zh) 用于控制火花点燃直喷发动机操作的方法和装置
CN102149905B (zh) 内燃发动机的排气控制设备
EP2388451B1 (en) Exhaust purification apparatus for internal combustion engine
CN102057151A (zh) 用于内燃机的燃料喷射控制装置
CN103080493A (zh) 内燃机
CN102165171A (zh) 内燃机的燃料喷射控制装置
CN102803674A (zh) 内燃机
CN103256105B (zh) 发动机废气蓄热燃烧及废气循环燃烧催化器
CN102859137A (zh) 内燃机
CN103221650A (zh) 内燃机的排气净化装置
CN102892990A (zh) 内燃机
CN102859138A (zh) 内燃机
CN102472138A (zh) 内燃机的排气装置
JP2011247208A (ja) 内燃機関
CN103003541A (zh) 内燃机
WO2012137247A1 (ja) バーナー装置を備える内燃機関
CN103806985B (zh) 升温装置、扩展升温装置、过滤器再生装置和排气净化装置
JP2011252438A (ja) 内燃機関
CN103299038A (zh) 排气加热方法
JP2011236851A (ja) 内燃機関

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C02 Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001)
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20130102