CN102856924A - Microgrid smooth switch control method and strategy based on composite energy storage - Google Patents
Microgrid smooth switch control method and strategy based on composite energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN102856924A CN102856924A CN2012103129212A CN201210312921A CN102856924A CN 102856924 A CN102856924 A CN 102856924A CN 2012103129212 A CN2012103129212 A CN 2012103129212A CN 201210312921 A CN201210312921 A CN 201210312921A CN 102856924 A CN102856924 A CN 102856924A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microgrid smooth switch control method and strategy based on composite energy storage. According to the invention, a low voltage microgrid containing a plurality kinds of distributed power supplies is arranged, a public connecting point PCC in the low voltage microgrid, the distributed power supplies and the switches of all branches are monitored by a microgrid energy management system EMS, and the microgrid energy management system EMS detects the on/off state of the public connecting point PCC of the microgrid to judge whether the low voltage microgrid is located at an isolated island operation state or a grid-connected operation state. The microgrid smooth switch control method is characterized in that a composite energy storage unit composed of a supercapacitor and a storage battery is arranged in the low voltage microgrid containing the plurality kinds of distributed power supplies, and the composite energy storage unit is used for performing microgrid smooth switch control on the basis of the monitoring of the microgrid energy management system EMS on the low voltage microgrid. According to the invention, the composite energy storage characteristics are fully utilized to greatly improve the power supply reliability and power supply quality of the microgrid under a switch emergency state to facilitate the generalization and application of the microgrid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to little electrical network and take over seamlessly control method, especially a kind of little electrical network based on composite energy storage takes over seamlessly control method and strategy.Belong to electric power system power transmission and distribution technical field.
Background technology
Little electrical network is incorporated into the power networks and two kinds of operational modes of isolated island, little electrical network and public power distribution network are incorporated into the power networks under normal circumstances, its voltage and frequency stability are all supported by public power distribution network, when breaking down in power distribution network or little electrical network inside, the points of common connection of little electrical network and power distribution network (PCC) will disconnect immediately, and little electrical network transfers the islet operation state to by the state of being incorporated into the power networks.For the little electrical network of major part, the distributed power source that utilizes the renewable resource generating in little electrical network is exerted oneself and can not be satisfied workload demand fully, emergent power vacancy often when little electrical network changes unplanned islet operation over to by being incorporated into the power networks, cause little electrical network can't keep voltage and frequency stabilization, to cause distributed power source out of service when serious, the load outage, whole little electrical network is absorbed in collapse.Therefore studying little electrical network is incorporated into the power networks to unplanned isolated island switches and islet operation switches to being incorporated into the power networks control method and strategy, guarantee the smooth transition under different operational modes of little electrical network, significant to the quality of power supply and the power supply reliability that improve little electrical network.
The research of at present operational mode being switched mainly concentrates on the switching between source and the net, be the load-carrying distributed power source of separate unit and public power distribution network be incorporated into the power networks and the off-grid islet operation between switching, and it is relative less that whole little electrical network and the operational mode between public power distribution network is internet are switched research.Existing little operation of power networks pattern smooth-switching method mainly contains two kinds at present:
One, main power source adopts the switch mode of V/F control: when little electrical network switches to islet operation by being incorporated into the power networks, distributed power source as the islet operation main power source transfers V/F control to by the PQ control of being incorporated into the power networks, and changes simultaneously the inverter control parameter and takes over seamlessly to realize little operation of power networks pattern.This changing method Main Problems is: (1) actual little electrical network is when islet operation; the main power source General Requirements possesses well stability and larger capacity; often only can select diesel engine generator or energy storage device; and do not select distributed power source; but diesel engine generator is in stopped status when being incorporated into the power networks; therefore energy storage device also often is in floating charge state, and actual little electrical network can be comparatively rare by the situation that PQ control transfers V/F control to main power source in the unplanned isolated island handoff procedure by being incorporated into the power networks.(2) the method situation of power shortage when turning unplanned isolated island that do not have to consider to be incorporated into the power networks, islet operation can reach power-balance or the little situation of vacancy after only considering to switch, if not the isolated island power shortage was larger after still plan was switched, distributed power source finite capacity as main power source, can't fill up little grid power vacancy, then take over seamlessly and to realize.
Two, distributed power source all adopts the switch mode of droop control: the distributed power source in little electrical network all adopts PQ control when being incorporated into the power networks, all transfer droop control during islet operation to, in basic droop control device, increase sinking crown fixed point adjustable ring during switching, by realize being incorporated into the power networks the level and smooth conversion with the isolated island control model of the switching of this loop.The method does not take into full account the impact of power shortage in the unplanned handoff procedure equally, if the isolated island power shortage is larger after the unplanned switching, adopt droop control that the distributed power source variable capacity is had relatively high expectations, in the lower little electrical network of permeability, take over seamlessly and realize being difficult to.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention, emergent power vacancy and cause quality of power supply degradation in order to solve in the prior art little electrical network and to switch to unplanned isolated island by being incorporated into the power networks, and little electrical network when being incorporated into the power networks little electrical network and public power distribution network have nonsynchronous problem, provide a kind of little electrical network based on composite energy storage to take over seamlessly control method and strategy.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by the following technical programs:
A kind of little electrical network based on composite energy storage takes over seamlessly control method and strategy, setting contains the little electrical network of low pressure of multiple distributed power source, points of common connection PCC in the described low pressure microgrid, the switch of each distributed power source and all branch roads is monitored by microgrid EMS EMS, microgrid EMS EMS judges that by detecting the opening of the little electrical network points of common connection PCC/state of closing the little electrical network of low pressure is in islet operation state or the state that is incorporated into the power networks, it is characterized in that: in the described little electrical network of low pressure that contains multiple distributed power source, the composite energy storage unit that is comprised of ultracapacitor and storage battery is set, utilize the composite energy storage unit that little electrical network is taken over seamlessly control at microgrid EMS EMS to the basis of the little power system monitor of low pressure, concrete grammar is as follows with strategy:
1) turns unplanned isolated island switching controls by being incorporated into the power networks
When detecting little electrical network points of common connection PCC and be in off-state, the little electrical network of low pressure switches to unplanned isolated island by being incorporated into the power networks, do not changing under the distributed power source operation control model prerequisite, the main power source of the composite energy storing device that ultracapacitor and storage battery are formed during as little electrical network islet operation, on the basis of composite energy storing device structure reasonable in design and charge/discharge control method, be incorporated into the power networks and turn unplanned isolated island switching control strategy by formulating suitable little electrical network, important load normal power supply and distributed power source normally move before and after guaranteeing to switch;
2) turn the switching controls that is incorporated into the power networks by islet operation
When detecting public distribution network restoration power supply, little electrical network switched to by the islet operation state be incorporated into the power networks, front composite energy storage as main power source is carried out presynchronization control by being incorporated into the power networks, arrive voltage and the phase adjust of the little electrical network of low pressure basically identical with public power distribution network, thereby effectively reduced impact and vibration when isolated island switches to being incorporated into the power networks, guaranteed the smooth transition in the operational mode handoff procedure.
Further, when turning unplanned isolated island switching controls by being incorporated into the power networks, according to ultracapacitor port voltage u
CapSize is controlled the switching of ultracapacitor and storage battery, to stablize DC bus-bar voltage u in the composite energy storage unit
cBe that target regulates exerting oneself of ultracapacitor combination storage battery, establish that the ultracapacitor operational voltage upper limit is u in the composite energy storage unit
Cap-up, be limited to u under the working voltage
Cap-low, port voltage surplus coefficient is α (0＜α＜1), the switching control strategy that turns unplanned isolated island of then being incorporated into the power networks is as follows:
1) microgrid EMS system obtains the PCC point by optical fiber communication and cut-offs information to judge whether islet operation of little electrical network, when monitoring little electrical network islet operation, immediately ultracapacitor is switched to discharge condition by floating charge state, simultaneously the composite energy storage unit is switched to V/F controlled discharge pattern by charge mode; For reducing to greatest extent the composite energy storing device input to the shock effect of little electrical network, reference voltage and the reference frequency/phase angle of composite energy storage V/F control are got voltage and the frequency/angle values that the PCC point disconnects public power distribution network of moment;
2) because there is power shortage in little electrical network, little line voltage and frequency are held, composite energy storage DC bus-bar voltage u by V/F control power output in the composite energy storage unit
cDescend, the ultracapacitor transient response is exerted oneself, and fills up rapidly little grid power vacancy, meanwhile ultracapacitor port voltage u
CapDescend gradually;
3) work as u
Cap-upU
Capα u
Cap-upThe time, the less important load in excision low pressure little electrical network is if be P by the peak power output of the batteries in the composite energy storage unit
Bat-up, this moment, all the other distributed electrical source power sums were S
Dg-whole, the load gross power before the excision is S
Load-whole, last load power is S after the excision
Load-res, the less important load power S that then need excise
Load-cutMust satisfy following formula:
β (0＜β＜1) is the power headroom coefficient in the expression formula (1), its effect is when storage battery is worked as main power source separately, guarantee after inversion, to have certain meritorious and idle variable capacity, the power fluctuation that brings with the variation of stabilizing other distributed power source or important load;
4) work as u
Cap=α u
Cap-upThe time, the batteries in the composite energy storage unit switches to discharge mode by floating charge state, and this moment, storage battery and ultracapacitor were powered to little electrical network as main power source simultaneously;
5) work as u
Cap-low＜u
Cap＜α u
Cap-upThe time, bank of super capacitors is discharged to terminal voltage u
CapDescend gradually, the batteries power supply is promoted to stable state gradually; Work as u
Cap=u
Cap-lowThe time, the excision bank of super capacitors is powered to little electrical network important load as main power source separately by batteries.
Further, turned when being incorporated into the power networks switching controls by islet operation, when detecting public distribution network restoration power supply, again be incorporated in the power distribution network after the little electrical network of low pressure adjusted to proper states, be about to little electrical network and switched to by the islet operation state and be incorporated into the power networks, its switching control strategy is as follows:
Impact when 1) closing a floodgate in order to reduce to be incorporated into the power networks is transferred to voltage and phase angle with public power distribution network by presynchronization control basically identically before being incorporated into the power networks, the present invention adopts the reference voltage of direct adjustment main power source V/F control and the mode of reference frequency to carry out presynchronization control;
When 2) carrying out presynchronization control adjustment, measure the dq axle component v of inverter output end mouth voltage in the composite energy storage unit
d, v
q, the little electrical network angle values of low pressure θ, the voltage dq axle component v of public power distribution network
D-gridAnd v
Q-grid, public power distribution network phase angle theta
Grid, when the voltage of little electrical network and public power distribution network and phase angle satisfy following expression (2), implement and net operation;
In the following formula | U|
GridWith | U| is respectively public power distribution network and little line voltage amplitude, | U|
NBe rated voltage amplitude, θ is little electrical network angle values, θ
GridPublic power distribution network phase angle;
3) be incorporated into the power networks finish after, immediately with the composite energy storage unit by the V/F control mode switch to charge mode, bank of super capacitors and batteries change charged state over to, then recover the power supply to less important load.
Further, the little line voltage grade of related low pressure is 380V, can comprise photovoltaic, wind-driven generator, important load A, less important load B and less important load C; Described photovoltaic, wind-driven generator and composite energy storing device are by the little electrical network of inverter access low pressure; Described photovoltaic, wind-force are sent out the switch of machine, composite energy storing device and all branch roads and are monitored by microgrid EMS EMS.
Further, the little electrical network of low pressure is when being incorporated into the power networks, and PQ control is adopted in photovoltaic generation loop and wind power generation loop, and the batteries in the composite energy storage unit is in floating charge state, and bank of super capacitors is in floating charge state.
Further, when entering the islet operation state, PQ control is still adopted in photovoltaic generation loop and wind power generation loop, and the composite energy storage unit adopts V/F control to keep little line voltage and frequency stabilization as main power source.
The present invention has following outstanding beneficial effect:
1, by taking full advantage of the composite energy storage characteristics, do not changing under the distributed power source operation control model prerequisite, be incorporated into the power networks and turn unplanned isolated island switching control strategy by formulating suitable little electrical network, important load normal power supply and distributed power source normally move before and after guaranteeing to switch, this will increase substantially little electrical network at the power supply reliability and the power supply quality that switch under the state of emergency, be conducive to little electrical network promotion and application.
2, when little electrical network is switched to being incorporated into the power networks by islet operation, by the composite energy storage unit being carried out presynchronization control, arrive voltage and the phase adjust of the little electrical network of low pressure basically identical with public power distribution network, effectively having reduced is incorporated into the power networks when switching impact and vibration, realize little electrical network by islet operation to taking over seamlessly of being incorporated into the power networks.
3, the present invention arranges the composite energy storage unit that is comprised of ultracapacitor and storage battery in the little electrical network of low pressure, can bring into play large, the fast response time characteristics of super capacitor power density, can take into account again the high advantage of storage battery energy density, the problem of unbalanced power in the time of can effectively solving little electrical network and switch to unplanned isolated island by being incorporated into the power networks.
4, in little electrical network handoff procedure, by the two closed loop charge/discharge control methods that encircle in design capacitance outer voltage and the inductive current, can and exert oneself in a large number simultaneously in the rapid response of composite energy storing device, it is stable to keep DC bus-bar voltage, guarantees whole composite energy storing device maintenance stable operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the little electrical network of low pressure that relates to of specific embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the composite energy storage cellular construction schematic diagram that specific embodiment of the present invention relates to.
Fig. 3 is the composite energy storage unit charge/discharge principle schematic that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 4 is the composite energy storage unit charge/discharge controller dicyclo control block diagram that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 5 is the presynchronization control principle drawing that specific embodiment of the present invention relates to.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail:
The little electrical network based on composite energy storage that present embodiment relates to takes over seamlessly control method and strategy, setting contains the little electrical network of low pressure of multiple distributed power source, points of common connection PCC in the described low pressure microgrid, the switch of each distributed power source and all branch roads is monitored by microgrid EMS EMS, microgrid EMS EMS judges that by detecting the opening of the little electrical network points of common connection PCC/state of closing the little electrical network of low pressure is in islet operation state or the state that is incorporated into the power networks, it is characterized in that: in the described little electrical network of low pressure that contains multiple distributed power source, the composite energy storage unit is set, utilize the composite energy storage unit that little electrical network is taken over seamlessly control at microgrid EMS EMS to the basis of the little power system monitor of low pressure, concrete grammar is as follows with strategy:
1) is incorporated into the power networks and turns unplanned isolated island switching controls: when detecting little electrical network points of common connection PCC and be in off-state, the little electrical network of low pressure switches to unplanned isolated island by being incorporated into the power networks, do not changing under the distributed power source operation control model prerequisite, the main power source of the composite energy storing device that ultracapacitor and storage battery are formed during as little electrical network islet operation, on the basis of composite energy storing device structure reasonable in design and charge/discharge control method, be incorporated into the power networks and turn unplanned isolated island switching control strategy by formulating suitable little electrical network, important load normal power supply and distributed power source normally move before and after guaranteeing to switch;
2) islet operation turns the switching controls that is incorporated into the power networks: when detecting public distribution network restoration power supply, little electrical network switched to by the islet operation state be incorporated into the power networks, front composite energy storage as main power source is carried out presynchronization control by being incorporated into the power networks, arrive voltage and the phase adjust of the little electrical network of low pressure basically identical with public power distribution network, thereby effectively reduced impact and vibration when isolated island switches to being incorporated into the power networks, guaranteed the smooth transition in the operational mode handoff procedure.
The below turns unplanned isolated island switching controls and islet operation to being incorporated into the power networks of relating in the present embodiment and turns the switching controls that is incorporated into the power networks and be described in detail:
Being incorporated into the power networks when turning unplanned isolated island switching controls, according to ultracapacitor port voltage u
CapSize is controlled the switching of ultracapacitor and storage battery, to stablize DC bus-bar voltage u in the composite energy storage unit
cBe that target regulates exerting oneself of ultracapacitor combination storage battery, establish that the ultracapacitor operational voltage upper limit is u in the composite energy storage unit
Cap-up, be limited to u under the working voltage
Cap-low, port voltage surplus coefficient is α (0＜α＜1), the switching control strategy that turns unplanned isolated island of then being incorporated into the power networks is as follows:
1) microgrid EMS system obtains the PCC point by optical fiber communication and cut-offs information to judge whether islet operation of little electrical network, when monitoring little electrical network islet operation, immediately ultracapacitor is switched to discharge condition by floating charge state, simultaneously the composite energy storage unit is switched to V/F controlled discharge pattern by charge mode; For reducing to greatest extent the composite energy storing device input to the shock effect of little electrical network, reference voltage and the reference frequency/phase angle of composite energy storage V/F control are got voltage and the frequency/angle values that the PCC point disconnects public power distribution network of moment;
2) because there is power shortage in little electrical network, little line voltage and frequency are held, composite energy storage DC bus-bar voltage u by V/F control power output in the composite energy storage unit
cDescend, the ultracapacitor transient response of composite energy storage unit is exerted oneself, and fills up rapidly little grid power vacancy, meanwhile described ultracapacitor port voltage u
CapDescend gradually;
3) work as u
Cap-upU
Capα u
Cap-upThe time, the less important load in excision low pressure little electrical network is if be P by the peak power output of the batteries in the composite energy storage unit
Bat-up, this moment, all the other distributed electrical source power sums were S
Dg-whole, the load gross power before the excision is S
Load-whole, last load power is S after the excision
Load-res, the less important load power S that then need excise
Load-cutMust satisfy following formula:
β (0＜β＜1) is the power headroom coefficient in the expression formula (1), its effect is when storage battery is worked as main power source separately, guarantee after inversion, to have certain meritorious and idle variable capacity, the power fluctuation that brings with the variation of stabilizing other distributed power source or important load;
4) work as u
Cap=α u
Cap-upThe time, the batteries in the composite energy storage unit switches to discharge mode by floating charge state, and this moment, storage battery and ultracapacitor were powered to little electrical network as main power source simultaneously;
5) work as u
Cap-low＜u
Cap＜α u
Cap-upThe time, bank of super capacitors is discharged to terminal voltage u
CapDescend gradually, the batteries power supply is promoted to stable state gradually; Work as u
Cap=u
Cap-lowThe time, the excision bank of super capacitors is powered to little electrical network important load as main power source separately by batteries;
When entering the islet operation state, the composite energy storage unit adopts V/F control to keep little line voltage and frequency stabilization as main power source, and other distributed power source still adopts PQ control.
Turn in the switching controls process that is incorporated into the power networks carrying out islet operation, when detecting public distribution network restoration power supply, again be incorporated in the power distribution network after the little electrical network of low pressure adjusted to proper states, be about to little electrical network and switched to by the islet operation state and be incorporated into the power networks, its switching control strategy is as follows:
Impact when 1) closing a floodgate in order to reduce to be incorporated into the power networks is transferred to voltage and phase angle with public power distribution network by presynchronization control basically identically before being incorporated into the power networks, the present invention adopts the reference voltage of direct adjustment main power source V/F control and the mode of reference frequency to carry out presynchronization control;
When 2) carrying out presynchronization control adjustment, measure the dq axle component v of inverter output end mouth voltage in the composite energy storage unit
d, v
q, the little electrical network angle values of low pressure θ, the voltage dq axle component v of public power distribution network
D-gridAnd v
Q-grid, public power distribution network phase angle theta
Grid, when the voltage of little electrical network and public power distribution network and phase angle satisfy following expression (2), implement and net operation;
In the following formula | U|
GridWith | U| is respectively public power distribution network and little line voltage amplitude, | U|
NBe rated voltage amplitude, θ is little electrical network angle values, θ
GridPublic power distribution network phase angle;
With reference to Fig. 2-Fig. 5, v among the figure
d, v
qBe respectively the dq axle component of composite energy storage inverter output end mouth voltage, θ is little electrical network angle values, v
D-gridAnd v
Q-gridBe respectively the voltage dq axle component of public power distribution network, θ
GridPublic power distribution network phase angle, v
D-refAnd v
Q-refVoltage dq axle reference component during for little electrical network islet operation, f
RefFrequency reference value during for little electrical network islet operation, v '
D-ref, v '
Q-refAnd f '
RefThen be by the voltage after the presynchronization adjustment and the reference value of frequency;
3) be incorporated into the power networks finish after, immediately with the composite energy storage unit by the V/F control mode switch to charge mode, bank of super capacitors and batteries change charged state over to, then recover the power supply to less important load.
Need to prove:
The little electrical network of low pressure is when being incorporated into the power networks, and PQ control is adopted in photovoltaic generation loop and wind power generation loop.Discharge and recharge number of times and improve the angle in useful life and consider that the storage battery in the composite energy storage unit is in floating charge state from minimizing, and ultracapacitor is in floating charge state or work to stabilize power fluctuation according to the needs of little electric low voltage network quality of power supply control.
The below describes structure and the operation principle of the composite energy storage unit that present embodiment relates to:
See figures.1.and.2, the composite energy storage unit that the present invention relates to mainly is comprised of bank of super capacitors, batteries, dc-link capacitance, Buck-Boost reversible transducer, biphase rectification/inverter and relevant control thereof.The control input end of the biphase rectification/inverter of described composite energy storage unit connects the EMS system signal output of the little electrical network of low pressure.
In Fig. 2, V/F is controlled to be and decides voltage and decide FREQUENCY CONTROL; The PCC point is points of common connection; PWM is pulse width modulation; SPWM is sinusoidal pulse width modulation; PI is controlled to be proportional plus integral control.DC/DC (A) and DC/DC (B) are the Buck-Boost reversible transducer, realize respectively the charging and discharging of bank of super capacitors and batteries; C is dc-link capacitance; i
L (A)And i
L (B)Be respectively the electric current of inductance among the DC/DC that flows through (A) and the DC/DC (B), u
CapBe bank of super capacitors port voltage, u
cBe DC bus-bar voltage; Controlling unit A and controlling unit B are respectively according to input variable u
Cap, i
L (A), i
L (B)And u
cSize and in conjunction with analog control signal corresponding to charge/discharge control method and switching control strategy output; PWM is pulse width modulation, and the analog signal that provides according to controlling unit A and controlling unit B generates corresponding pulse signal and directly DC/DC (A) and DC/DC (B) controlled; V/F is controlled to be the control model of composite energy storing device when little electrical network islet operation, by regulating exerting oneself of composite energy storing device, little line voltage and frequency dimension is held in set point; SPWM is sinusoidal pulse width modulation, and the analog signal that control provides according to V/F generates the output of corresponding pulse signal control inverter.
Ultracapacitor and storage battery respectively by Buck-Boost reversible transducer DC/DC (A) with link to each other with little electrical network through biphase rectification/inverter again after DC/DC (B) is connected to dc bus, wherein the low-pressure side of DC/DC (A) and DC/DC (B) is to connect respectively ultracapacitor and storage battery, and high pressure side joint dc bus.
Dc bus is the passage of ultracapacitor and storage battery and microgrid energy exchange, when little electrical network by being incorporated into the power networks in unplanned islet operation handoff procedure, the power of output sharply changes, this must cause DC bus-bar voltage to change, and the output voltage of biphase rectification/inverter and dc voltage are closely related, so that biphase rectification/inverter output voltage also fluctuates, make as the composite energy storage unit of main power source and can't keep little electrical network rated voltage, when DC bus-bar voltage is fallen when serious, even will cause two way convertor to work, cause little electrical network to lose main power source and support, guarantee that therefore DC bus-bar voltage is stable to realizing that little electrical network takes over seamlessly and has important function.Generally speaking, increasing dc-link capacitance is the most direct mode that suppresses voltage fluctuation, but will reduce system response time like this, so the present invention is designed to ultracapacitor and storage battery arranges respectively charge controller DC/DC (A) and DC/DC (B), this not only can control respectively according to the needs of switching controls the charging and discharging of ultracapacitor and storage battery, and can when discharge, control on high-tension side output voltage, thereby keep DC bus-bar voltage stable.
Because when little electrical network switches to islet operation from being incorporated into the power networks, general only the need guarantees that little electrical network important load normal power supply gets final product, therefore the capacity amount that storage battery need to dispose among Fig. 2 only need satisfy the important load power supply and get final product, and ultracapacitor is in order to ensure seamlessly transitting of switching, and the capacity that disposes must satisfy the power requirement of all loads in little electrical network;
The capacity amount of the batteries of described composite energy storage unit is for being complementary with the power of important load A at least, and the power of all loading in the little electrical network of the capacity of capacitor group and low pressure are complementary.Be the capacity amount of batteries of described composite energy storage unit for satisfying at least important load A power reguirements, and the capacitor group is in order to ensure seamlessly transitting of switching, the capacity that disposes satisfies in the little electrical network of low pressure all power requirements of load.
The control of the circuit of described composite energy storage unit is mainly controlled biphase rectification/inverter, Buck-Boost reversible transducer DC/DC (A) and DC/DC (B), and wherein biphase rectification/inverter is assigned instruction according to little electrical network EMS system and switched and control; DC/DC (A) and DC/DC (B) switch according to ultracapacitor port voltage and DC bus-bar voltage and control.
Be described below in conjunction with the operation principle of accompanying drawing to present embodiment:
With reference to Fig. 2-Fig. 4, the composite energy storage charge/discharge control procedure of present embodiment is as follows:
Such as Fig. 2-shown in Figure 4, u among Fig. 3
sBe storage battery or bank of super capacitors port voltage, r
sBe energy storage equivalent internal resistance, i
LBe the electric current of the inductance L of flowing through, G
1And G
2Be switching tube, u
cBe DC bus-bar voltage, i
InvBe two way convertor the input or output current.
As shown in Figure 3, by control switch pipe G
1And G
2Make-and-break time can realize energy transmitted in both directions control, can regulate DC bus-bar voltage u simultaneously
cSize.For guaranteeing that DC bus-bar voltage is stable to realizing that little electrical network takes over seamlessly and has important function, the present invention controls the output voltage of ultracapacitor and storage battery to suppress the DC bus-bar voltage fluctuation by the Buck-Boost reversible transducer respectively.Because there is the zero point of RHP in the voltage transfering function of Buck-Boost reversible transducer when the constant voltage output state of boost mode in the S territory, then system belongs to non minimum phase system, open-loop unstable.For the stable DC busbar voltage, the present invention adopts capacitance voltage outer shroud and the interior two closed loop control modes that encircle of inductive current as shown in Figure 4.
U among Fig. 4
C_refBe DC bus-bar voltage reference value, i
L_refCurrent reference value for the inductance L of flowing through.Outer voltage is mainly kept output voltage stabilization among the figure, and current inner loop produces suitable offset current and strengthens output voltage stability by fast dynamic response.In order to strengthen the stability of DC bus-bar voltage when the output-power fluctuation, adopt the power feedforward method will with the closely-related current i of power output
InvParticipate in the current inner loop control as Front Feed Compensation, this will improve current inner loop to the response speed of power output, thereby further improve DC bus-bar voltage stability, guarantee the two way convertor steady operation.
With the closely-related current i of power output
InvParticipate in the current inner loop control as Front Feed Compensation, this will improve current inner loop to the response speed of power output, thereby further improve DC bus-bar voltage stability, guarantee the two way convertor steady operation.
The above; only for the specific embodiment of the best of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to replacement or change according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof, all belonged to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the little electrical network based on composite energy storage takes over seamlessly control method and strategy, setting contains the little electrical network of low pressure of multiple distributed power source, points of common connection PCC in the described low pressure microgrid, the switch of each distributed power source and all branch roads is monitored by microgrid EMS EMS, microgrid EMS EMS judges that by detecting the opening of the little electrical network points of common connection PCC/state of closing the little electrical network of low pressure is in islet operation state or the state that is incorporated into the power networks, it is characterized in that: in the described little electrical network of low pressure that contains multiple distributed power source, the composite energy storage unit that is comprised of ultracapacitor and storage battery is set, utilize the composite energy storage unit that little electrical network is taken over seamlessly control at microgrid EMS EMS to the basis of the little power system monitor of low pressure, concrete grammar is as follows with strategy:
1) turns unplanned isolated island switching controls by being incorporated into the power networks
When detecting little electrical network points of common connection PCC and be in off-state, the little electrical network of low pressure switches to unplanned isolated island by being incorporated into the power networks, unbalanced problem appears in power in the unplanned isolated island handoff procedure by being incorporated into the power networks for little electrical network, do not changing under the distributed power source operation control model prerequisite, the main power source of the composite energy storing device that ultracapacitor and storage battery are formed during as little electrical network islet operation, on the basis of composite energy storing device structure reasonable in design and charge/discharge control method, be incorporated into the power networks and turn unplanned isolated island switching control strategy by formulating suitable little electrical network, important load normal power supply and distributed power source normally move before and after guaranteeing to switch;
2) turn the switching controls that is incorporated into the power networks by islet operation
When detecting public distribution network restoration power supply, little electrical network switched to by the islet operation state be incorporated into the power networks, front composite energy storage as main power source is carried out presynchronization control by being incorporated into the power networks, arrive voltage and the phase adjust of the little electrical network of low pressure basically identical with public power distribution network, thereby effectively reduced impact and vibration when isolated island switches to being incorporated into the power networks, guaranteed the smooth transition in the operational mode handoff procedure.
2. a kind of little electrical network based on composite energy storage as claimed in claim 1 takes over seamlessly control method and strategy, it is characterized in that: when turning unplanned isolated island switching controls by being incorporated into the power networks, according to ultracapacitor port voltage u
CapSize is controlled the switching of ultracapacitor and storage battery, to stablize DC bus-bar voltage u in the composite energy storage unit
cBe that target regulates exerting oneself of ultracapacitor combination storage battery, establish that the ultracapacitor operational voltage upper limit is u in the composite energy storage unit
Cap-up, be limited to u under the working voltage
Cap-low, port voltage surplus coefficient is α (0＜α＜1), the switching control strategy that turns unplanned isolated island of then being incorporated into the power networks is as follows:
1) microgrid EMS system obtains the PCC point by optical fiber communication and cut-offs information to judge whether islet operation of little electrical network, when monitoring little electrical network islet operation, immediately ultracapacitor is switched to discharge condition by floating charge state, simultaneously the composite energy storage unit is switched to V/F controlled discharge pattern by charge mode; For reducing to greatest extent the composite energy storing device input to the shock effect of little electrical network, reference voltage and the reference frequency/phase angle of composite energy storage V/F control are got voltage and the frequency/angle values that the PCC point disconnects public power distribution network of moment;
2) because there is power shortage in little electrical network, little line voltage and frequency are held, composite energy storage DC bus-bar voltage u by V/F control power output in the composite energy storage unit
cDescend, the ultracapacitor transient response is exerted oneself, and fills up rapidly little grid power vacancy, meanwhile ultracapacitor port voltage u
CapDescend gradually;
3) work as u
Cap-upU
Capα u
Cap-upThe time, the less important load in excision low pressure little electrical network is if be P by the peak power output of the batteries in the composite energy storage unit
Bat-up, this moment, all the other distributed electrical source power sums were S
Dg-whole, the load gross power before the excision is S
Load-whole, last load power is S after the excision
Load-res, the less important load power S that then need excise
Load-cutMust satisfy following formula:
β (0＜β＜1) is the power headroom coefficient in the expression formula (1), its effect is when storage battery is worked as main power source separately, guarantee after inversion, to have certain meritorious and idle variable capacity, the power fluctuation that brings with the variation of stabilizing other distributed power source or important load;
4) work as u
Cap=α u
Cap-upThe time, the batteries in the composite energy storage unit switches to discharge mode by floating charge state, and this moment, storage battery and ultracapacitor were powered to little electrical network as main power source simultaneously;
5) work as u
Cap-low＜u
Cap＜α u
Cap-upThe time, bank of super capacitors is discharged to terminal voltage u
CapDescend gradually, the batteries power supply is promoted to stable state gradually; Work as u
Cap=u
Cap-lowThe time, the excision bank of super capacitors is powered to little electrical network important load as main power source separately by batteries.
3. a kind of little electrical network based on composite energy storage as claimed in claim 1 takes over seamlessly control method and strategy, it is characterized in that: turned when being incorporated into the power networks switching controls by islet operation, when detecting public distribution network restoration power supply, again be incorporated in the power distribution network after the little electrical network of low pressure adjusted to proper states, be about to little electrical network and switched to by the islet operation state and be incorporated into the power networks, its switching control strategy is as follows:
Impact when 1) closing a floodgate in order to reduce to be incorporated into the power networks is transferred to voltage and phase angle with public power distribution network by presynchronization control basically identically before being incorporated into the power networks, the present invention adopts the reference voltage of direct adjustment main power source V/F control and the mode of reference frequency to carry out presynchronization control;
When 2) carrying out presynchronization control adjustment, measure the dq axle component v of inverter output end mouth voltage in the composite energy storage unit
d, v
q, the little electrical network angle values of low pressure θ, the voltage dq axle component v of public power distribution network
D-gridAnd v
Q-grid, public power distribution network phase angle theta
Grid, when the voltage of little electrical network and public power distribution network and phase angle satisfy following expression (2), implement and net operation;
In the following formula | U|
GridWith | U| is respectively public power distribution network and little line voltage amplitude, | U|
NBe rated voltage amplitude, θ is little electrical network angle values, θ
GridPublic power distribution network phase angle;
3) be incorporated into the power networks finish after, immediately with the composite energy storage unit by the V/F control mode switch to charge mode, bank of super capacitors and batteries change charged state over to, then recover the power supply to less important load.
4. a kind of little electrical network based on composite energy storage takes over seamlessly control method and strategy as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterized in that: the little line voltage grade of related low pressure is 380V, comprises photovoltaic, wind-driven generator, important load A, less important load B and less important load C; Described photovoltaic, wind-driven generator and composite energy storing device are by the little electrical network of inverter access low pressure; Described photovoltaic, wind-force are sent out the switch of machine, composite energy storing device and all branch roads and are monitored by microgrid EMS EMS.
5. a kind of little electrical network based on composite energy storage takes over seamlessly control method and strategy as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterized in that: the little electrical network of low pressure is when being incorporated into the power networks, PQ control is adopted in photovoltaic generation loop and wind power generation loop, batteries in the composite energy storage unit is in floating charge state, and bank of super capacitors is in floating charge state.
6. a kind of little electrical network based on composite energy storage takes over seamlessly control method and strategy as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterized in that: when entering the islet operation state, PQ control is adopted in photovoltaic generation loop and wind power generation loop, the composite energy storage unit adopts V/F control to keep little line voltage and frequency stabilization as main power source.
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| CN111682588A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-18 | 海南金盘智能科技股份有限公司 | Microgrid system control method and microgrid system controller |
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