CN104836245B - A kind of battery energy storage control system - Google Patents

A kind of battery energy storage control system Download PDF

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CN104836245B
CN104836245B CN201510210432.XA CN201510210432A CN104836245B CN 104836245 B CN104836245 B CN 104836245B CN 201510210432 A CN201510210432 A CN 201510210432A CN 104836245 B CN104836245 B CN 104836245B
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energy storage
power
battery energy
oscillation
battery
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CN104836245A (en
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付蓉
张濛姣
孙万钱
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Nanjing Post and Telecommunication University
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Nanjing Post and Telecommunication University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/10Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of battery energy storage control system, belongs to technical field of power systems.The system includes:The analysis module of the forced power oscillation caused after multi-computer system is incorporated to for blower fan;It is connected with the forced power oscillation analysis module, for solving the problems, such as the battery energy storage system model of the forced power oscillation;Be connected with the battery energy storage system model, the control system module of wind power swing is stabilized for realizing the battery energy storage system;The invention discloses a kind of method of the charge and discharge control suitable for lithium ion battery energy storage device, for solving the grid-connected systems force power oscillation problem for causing of large-scale wind power.

Description

A kind of battery energy storage control system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery energy storage control system, belongs to technical field of power systems.
Background technology
Wind-power electricity generation is used as technology in green electric power supply is most ripe, exploitation on the largest scale and one kind of commercialized development prospect are sent out Electrically, with mitigating environmental pollution, readjusting the energy structure, solve the problems, such as the prominent effects such as residential electricity consumption from far-off regions, make The research of wind-powered electricity generation is increasingly paid attention in countries in the world, and then causes which to obtain swift and violent development.
However, wind power output has randomness and fluctuation.When the frequency of wind speed disturbance is intrinsic with what system power vibrated When frequency is consistent or close, the extensive oscillation of power of system can be caused, and oscillation amplitude increases as disturbance amplitude increases.Greatly The forced power oscillation problem that scale wind-electricity integration causes causes the Voltage security margin of electrical network to reduce, and so easily causes system There is the phenomenon of collapse of voltage, reduce stability and the security of operation of power networks." abandoning wind " way at this stage can not be efficient Utilize wind resource, seriously constrain wind-powered electricity generation large-scale development and application.
For the problems referred to above, mainly damped come strengthening system using the control of power system stabilizer, PSS (PSS) at this stage, from And improve the dynamic stability of system.However, as most of wind energy turbine set are located at electrical network end, network structure is weak, while wind Electric field scale increasingly increases, and individual capacity smallest number is many, and the forced power oscillation impact which causes is also corresponding to increase so that PSS The realization of control and effect may all be unable to reach expection.With the development of lithium ion battery technology, service life of lithium battery length, environment The features such as strong adaptability, self-discharge rate are low, environmental pollution is little becomes solution, and large-scale wind power is grid-connected causes systems force work( The effective ways of rate oscillation problem.
Content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being:Systems force power oscillation problem is caused for large-scale wind power is grid-connected, carry A kind of battery energy storage control system is gone out, the system adopts the steady of lithium ion battery energy storage device, real-time control and raising system Qualitative.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme proposed by the present invention is:A kind of battery energy storage control system, this is System includes:The analysis module of the forced power oscillation caused after multi-computer system is incorporated to for blower fan;With the forced power oscillation Analysis module is connected, for solving the problems, such as the battery energy storage system model of the forced power oscillation;With the battery energy storage system System model is connected, and stabilizes the control system module of wind power swing for realizing the battery energy storage system;
The analysis module of the forced power oscillation includes that large-scale wind power is grid-connected and causes systems force oscillation of power phenomenon Analysis:
The wind energy turbine set is incorporated to the equivalent model of multi-computer system and includes by connected two similar areas of two interconnections, per Individual region includes two generating sets G1, G2, G3, G4, is incorporated to double-fed induction wind driven generator in No. 7 node locations of the system Group;
The state equation for the system being obtained using Liapunov linearization technique is as shown by the equation:
Wherein, X is the state variable vector of the system;A is the state matrix of the system, and its characteristic value has been reacted and has been The stability of system:Real number characteristic root corresponds to a non-oscillatory pattern, bears real number characteristic root and represents evanescent mode, arithmetic number characteristic root Represent that aperiodicity is unstable, multiple characteristic root occurs with conjugate pair form:
λ=α ± j2 π f
Wherein, α is damping, α>0 represents increasing oscillation, α<0 represents damped oscillation, and f is system natural mode shape, due to Wind speed is disturbed with cyclic fluctuation component as shown by the equation, when wind speed forcing frequency or phase identical with system natural mode shape When near, it can be observed that systems force oscillation of power phenomenon;
vcos=(vwgmax/2){1-cos2π[(t/TG)-(T1G/TG)]}
Wherein, vwgFor gustiness, m/s;TGFor cycle, s;T1GFor starting time, s;vwgmaxFor fitful wind maximum, m/ s;
Frame of reference real-time status and wind speed value, design control method smooth power fluctuate, and meet system real When power-balance;
The battery energy storage system model and its control system module are lithium ion battery energy storage device and its control system;
, using the DC/AC inverter of PQ control, control battery energy storage equipment is according to system power for the control system module Demand carries out discharge and recharge, realizes smooth wind power field and is incorporated to the forced power oscillation that system causes.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery energy storage device and its control system, wherein input signal are electric current i, during electric discharge Direction is for just, during charging, direction is negative, and E is controlled voltage source, R1For polarization resistance, C is polarization capacity, R2For inside battery etc. Effect resistance, V are described by equation below for the output voltage of battery, lithium battery characteristic:
Wherein, wherein E0For floating voltage, E is battery current voltage, and K is polarizing voltage, and Q is battery capacity, and A is index Area's amplitude, B are inverse for exponential region time constant, by determining parameter K, A, B with the fitting of actual battery charging and discharging curve, so as to Obtain lithium battery equivalent model.
Preferably:The control system module determines constraints, wind speed disturbance prediction according to energy storage device real-time status Value and system real-time status realize performance number P that power-balance need to be supplemented calculating the system when there is forced power oscillationrefWith Qref.
Beneficial effect:
(1) the invention discloses a kind of method of the charge and discharge control suitable for lithium ion battery energy storage device, for solving The certainly grid-connected systems force power oscillation problem for causing of large-scale wind power.
(2) system includes forced oscillation phenomenon analysis, the determination of energy storage device controlled quentity controlled variable, the building of battery energy storage equipment Mould and its charge and discharge control mode.
It is system natural mode shape and wind speed that present invention analysis system first occurs the origin cause of formation of forced power oscillation phenomenon Forcing frequency is identical or close, is then calculated according to system real time status information and wind speed value and the phenomenon is occurring When system realize the performance number that power-balance need to be supplemented, last design lithium battery model and its charge-discharge control system, by storage System power balance when the charge and discharge control of energy equipment is to realize forcing power.
(3) present invention is using the characteristic of battery energy storage equipment fast charging and discharging solving the system that wind-powered electricity generation output pulsation causes Forced power oscillation problem, so as to improve the operation stability of system.
(4) present invention considers the impact of the randomness and fluctuation of wind-power electricity generation to power system, in conjunction with high speed development Lithium battery energy storage battery technology, for systems force power oscillation problem provide effective solution.
Description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 is a kind of battery energy storage control schematic diagram for forced power oscillation problem of the present invention
Fig. 2 is battery energy storage control method flow chart of the present invention
Fig. 3 is that blower fan is incorporated to twoth areas, four machine system construction drawing
Interconnection voltage power figure when Fig. 4 wind speed disturbs to form forced oscillation
Interconnection voltage power figure when the disturbance of Fig. 5 wind speed does not form forced oscillation
Fig. 6 is lithium ion battery equivalent circuit diagram
Fig. 7 is battery energy storage equipment PQ control schematic diagram
Fig. 8 is that energy storage smooths forced power oscillation design sketch
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of battery energy storage control system includes as shown in Figure 1:Be incorporated to for blower fan cause after multi-computer system force work( The analysis module of rate vibration;It is connected with the forced power oscillation analysis module, for solving the problems, such as the forced power oscillation Battery energy storage system model;Be connected with the battery energy storage system model, wind is stabilized for realizing the battery energy storage system The control system module of power swing;
The analysis module of the forced power oscillation includes that large-scale wind power is grid-connected and causes systems force oscillation of power phenomenon Analysis:
The wind energy turbine set is incorporated to the equivalent model of multi-computer system and includes by connected two similar areas of two interconnections, per Individual region includes two generating sets G1, G2, G3, G4, is incorporated to double-fed induction wind driven generator in No. 7 node locations of the system Group;
The state equation for the system being obtained using Liapunov linearization technique is as shown by the equation:
Wherein, X is the state variable vector of the system;A is the state matrix of the system, and its characteristic value has been reacted and has been The stability of system:Real number characteristic root corresponds to a non-oscillatory pattern, bears real number characteristic root and represents evanescent mode, arithmetic number characteristic root Represent that aperiodicity is unstable, multiple characteristic root occurs with conjugate pair form:
λ=α ± j2 π f
Wherein, α is damping, α>0 represents increasing oscillation, α<0 represents damped oscillation, and f is system natural mode shape, due to Wind speed is disturbed with cyclic fluctuation component as shown by the equation, when wind speed forcing frequency or phase identical with system natural mode shape When near, it can be observed that systems force oscillation of power phenomenon;
vcos=(vwgmax/2){1-cos2π[(t/TG)-(T1G/TG)]}
Wherein, vwgFor gustiness, m/s;TGFor cycle, s;T1GFor starting time, s;vwgmaxFor fitful wind maximum, m/ s.
As shown in Fig. 2 should be real-time for the grid-connected battery energy storage for causing systems force power oscillation problem of large-scale wind power Power control system design controller is defeated to determine energy storage according to wind speed value, network load demand and energy storage real-time status Go out power.
(1) forced power oscillation phenomenon analysis
Present system includes by connected two similar areas of two interconnections, and each region includes two generators Group, generating set G1, G2, G3, G4 rated power is 900MVA, rated voltage is 20kV.In No. 7 node locations of the system simultaneously Enter the wind energy turbine set being made up of double-fed induction wind driven generator group, its capacity is 230MW.System construction drawing is as shown in Figure 3.
System oscillation frequency is tried to achieve according to system equation as shown in table 1 below:
1 forced power oscillation phenomenon analysis of table
As wind-powered electricity generation has cyclic fluctuation, it is that the systems force oscillating characteristic that wind speed disturbance is caused is analyzed, designs in 65s Shi Tianjia wind speed is disturbed, and its characteristic meets cosine curve, and disturbance amplitude is arranged to 8m/s, and gust disturbances duration is arranged to 20s, its Frequency is equal to system underdamping inter-area oscillations frequency.Voltage on interconnection and through-put power curve are as shown in figure 4, can observe To obvious oscillatory occurences is begun with t=65s, after t=85s, oscillation amplitude reduces rapidly, and gradually tends to balance.Contrast Amplitude is identical, and the situation (shown in Fig. 5) of the frequency of oscillation wind speed disturbance different from system oscillation frequency, in load identical situation Under, when fluctuations in wind speed frequency is identical with system oscillation frequency, system active power oscillations intensity is violent;When fluctuations in wind speed frequency with When system oscillation frequency is different, although system has power oscillatory occurences to occur, but intensity is not very violent.When wind speed disturbance cuts off When, system oscillation amplitude can reduce rapidly.
(2) control module is as shown in figure 1, determine constraints according to energy storage device real-time status;Pre- according to wind speed disturbance Measured value and system real-time status realize the performance number that power-balance need to be supplemented calculating the system when there is forced power oscillation PrefAnd Qref.
(3) design energy storage device and its control system
Lithium ion battery energy storage device is set up as shown in fig. 6, wherein input signal is electric current i, direction is filled for just during electric discharge When electric, direction is negative.E is controlled voltage source, R1For polarization resistance, C is polarization capacity, R2For inside battery equivalent resistance, V is electricity The output voltage in pond.Lithium battery characteristic is described by equation below:
Wherein, wherein E0For floating voltage, E is battery current voltage, and K is polarizing voltage, and Q is battery capacity, and A is index Area's amplitude, B are inverse for exponential region time constant.By determining parameter K, A, B with the fitting of actual battery charging and discharging curve, so as to Obtain lithium battery equivalent model.The DC/AC inverter that charging and discharging lithium battery control is controlled using PQ, its control block diagram such as Fig. 7 institute Show, wherein control parameter is set to the P of control module determinationrefAnd Qref.
By simulating, verifying, above control mode is shaken for the large-scale wind power field caused power that forces that is connected to the grid The problem of swinging has significant solution effect.After original system adds energy-storage system module and control module, shake power is forced In the case of swinging, voltage and the active power curves on system interconnection are as shown in figure 8, substantially can observe in contrast to Fig. 4 feelings Condition, energy storage device efficiently reduce the oscillation amplitude of systems force oscillation of power, and the method has relatively more extensive being suitable for Property and the possibility of enforcement.
The above implement explanation be more preferably a kind of embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention, all Within the principle of the invention and rule, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement that is made etc., should be included in the protection model of the present invention Within enclosing.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of battery energy storage control system, it is characterised in that the battery energy storage control system includes:It is incorporated to for blower fan many The analysis module of the forced power oscillation caused after machine system;It is connected with the forced power oscillation analysis module, for solving The battery energy storage system model of the forced power oscillation problem;It is connected with the battery energy storage system model, for realizing State the control system module that battery energy storage system stabilizes wind power swing;
The analysis module of the forced power oscillation includes that large-scale wind power is grid-connected and causes systems force oscillation of power phenomenon analysis:
The blower fan is incorporated to the equivalent model of multi-computer system and includes by connected two similar areas of two interconnections, each region Comprising two generating sets, multi-computer system node location is incorporated in the blower fan and is incorporated to double-fed induction wind driven generator group;
State equation that the blower fan is incorporated to multi-computer system is obtained as shown by the equation using Liapunov linearization technique:
X &CenterDot; = A X
Wherein, X is the state variable vector that the blower fan is incorporated to multi-computer system;A is the state that the blower fan is incorporated to multi-computer system Matrix, its characteristic value have reacted the stability of system:Real number characteristic root corresponds to a non-oscillatory pattern, bears real number characteristic root and represents Evanescent mode, arithmetic number characteristic root represent that aperiodicity is unstable, and multiple characteristic root occurs with conjugate pair form:
λ=α ± j2 π f
Wherein, α is damping, α>0 represents increasing oscillation, α<0 represents damped oscillation, and f is system natural mode shape, due to wind speed Disturb with shown in cyclic fluctuation component equation below, when wind speed forcing frequency is same or like with system natural mode shape When, observe that the blower fan is incorporated to multi-computer system forced power oscillation phenomenon;
v w g = 0 , t &le; T 1 G v c o s , T 1 G &le; t < T 1 G + T G 0 , t &GreaterEqual; T 1 G + T G
vcos=(vwgmax/2){1-cos2π[(t/TG)-(T1G/TG)]}
Wherein, vwgFor gustiness, m/s;TGFor cycle, s;T1GFor starting time, s;vwgmaxFor fitful wind maximum, m/s;
Multi-computer system real-time status and wind speed value are incorporated to reference to the blower fan, design control method smooth power fluctuates, System is made to meet realtime power balance;
The battery energy storage system model and its control system module are lithium ion battery energy storage device and its control system;
, using the DC/AC inverter of PQ control, control battery energy storage equipment is according to system power demand for the control system module Discharge and recharge is carried out, is realized smooth blower fan and is incorporated to the forced power oscillation that multi-computer system causes.
2. battery energy storage control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The lithium ion battery energy storage device and Its control system, wherein input signal are electric current i, and during electric discharge, direction is for just, during charging, direction is negative, and E is controlled voltage source, R1 For polarization resistance, C is polarization capacity, R2For inside battery equivalent resistance, V is the output voltage of battery, and lithium ion battery battery is special Property is described by equation below:
E = E 0 - K Q Q - &Integral; i d t + A exp ( - B &Integral; i d t )
Wherein, wherein E0For floating voltage, E is battery current voltage, and K is polarizing voltage, and Q is battery capacity, and A is shaken for exponential region Width, B are inverse for exponential region time constant, by determining parameter K, A, B with the fitting of actual battery charging and discharging curve, so as to obtain Lithium ion battery equivalent model.
3. battery energy storage control system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The control system module is according to energy storage Equipment real-time status determines that constraints, wind speed disturbance predicted value and system real-time status are occurring forced power oscillation to calculate When system realize performance number P that power-balance need to be supplementedrefAnd Qref.
CN201510210432.XA 2015-04-28 2015-04-28 A kind of battery energy storage control system Active CN104836245B (en)

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CN111123107B (en) * 2018-10-30 2022-11-11 北京天诚同创电气有限公司 Battery simulation modeling method and device and battery equivalent model
CN113036791A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-25 广东电网有限责任公司 Hybrid energy storage, photovoltaic and heat energy co-production system
CN115833179A (en) * 2022-12-16 2023-03-21 阳光电源(南京)有限公司 Low-frequency oscillation control method and system

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101888094A (en) * 2010-07-09 2010-11-17 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 Energy storage method for double-feed current transformer
CN102856924A (en) * 2012-08-29 2013-01-02 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院 Microgrid smooth switch control method and strategy based on composite energy storage
CN103248292A (en) * 2013-05-27 2013-08-14 重庆大学 Control method for mechanical energy storage system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101888094A (en) * 2010-07-09 2010-11-17 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 Energy storage method for double-feed current transformer
CN102856924A (en) * 2012-08-29 2013-01-02 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院 Microgrid smooth switch control method and strategy based on composite energy storage
CN103248292A (en) * 2013-05-27 2013-08-14 重庆大学 Control method for mechanical energy storage system

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Application publication date: 20150812

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