CN107332282B - Micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN107332282B
CN107332282B CN201710661863.7A CN201710661863A CN107332282B CN 107332282 B CN107332282 B CN 107332282B CN 201710661863 A CN201710661863 A CN 201710661863A CN 107332282 B CN107332282 B CN 107332282B
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frequency
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CN107332282A (en
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徐晓宁
尚立成
张海朝
曹珍珍
蒋乐
闫培彬
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Tianjin Guangying Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/40Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/388Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • Y02P80/14District level solutions, i.e. local energy networks

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  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

A micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system comprises a frequency adjusting module, an SPLL phase-locked loop module, a voltage adjusting module, a phase generating module, a phase adjusting module and a PWM signal generator module; the presynchronization control method mainly comprises the steps of recording the working state in the grid-connected operation stage, controlling the mode in a proportional-integral mode during mode switching, adjusting the phase based on linear gradual approximation, and completing the adjustment of the voltage amplitude, the frequency and the phase of the microgrid; the advantages are that the stability of power supply quality is improved; realizing rapid error-free control; the speed of the phase ramp-up can be adjusted.

Description

一种微网预同步并网控制系统及其控制方法A micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system and its control method

(一)技术领域:(1) Technical field:

本发明涉及微电网或分布式发电系统领域,尤其是一种微网预同步并网控制系统及其工作方法。The invention relates to the field of microgrids or distributed power generation systems, in particular to a microgrid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system and a working method thereof.

(二)背景技术:(two) background technology:

分布式发电技术在近年来得到了飞速的发展,因为其污染小、能源利用率高、应用灵活等特点,越来越受到人们的关注。分布式发电通过微网形式接入主电网,将各种分布式电源、储能单元、用电负荷、管理控制系统等组合在一起,既可以独立工作又可以作为主电网的电能支撑,在今后的智能电网系统中将起到越来越重要的作用。然而,也正是因为分布式发电的思想在电力系统中的地位逐步根深蒂固,使得分布式发电对系统产生的影响变得更加不容忽视。Distributed power generation technology has developed rapidly in recent years, because of its low pollution, high energy utilization rate, flexible application and other characteristics, it has attracted more and more attention. Distributed power generation is connected to the main power grid in the form of a micro-grid, combining various distributed power sources, energy storage units, power loads, management and control systems, etc. It will play an increasingly important role in the smart grid system. However, it is precisely because the idea of distributed generation is gradually ingrained in the power system that the impact of distributed generation on the system cannot be ignored.

并网和孤岛两种状态的运行能力是微网得以发挥其优势的关键,双模式下的稳定运行,尤其是两种模式之间的平滑切换则成为是否能保证微网在并网和孤岛两种模式间平稳过渡的首要技术之一。如果不能实现平滑切换,有可能对微网和主电网的供电质量都造成严重影响。The ability to operate in both grid-connected and islanded states is the key for the microgrid to give full play to its advantages. Stable operation in dual modes, especially the smooth switching between the two modes, is the key to ensuring that the microgrid can operate in both grid-connected and islanded states. One of the primary techniques for a smooth transition between modes. If smooth switching cannot be achieved, it may seriously affect the power supply quality of both the microgrid and the main grid.

关于工作模式的切换过程中的控制策略,单纯使用某一种控制策略很难实现良好的效果。因此,必须将一些新型的控制策略或者控制技术应用的实际过程当中。目前,关于这部分工作过程的研究已经取得了很多的成果,但是大多数的工作还处于实验研究阶段,尤其对于并网前的相位同步问题并没有很好的解决。Regarding the control strategy in the switching process of the working mode, it is difficult to achieve good results simply by using a certain control strategy. Therefore, some new control strategies or control techniques must be applied in the actual process. At present, the research on this part of the working process has achieved a lot of results, but most of the work is still in the experimental research stage, especially the phase synchronization problem before grid connection has not been well resolved.

(三)发明内容:(3) Contents of the invention:

本发明的目的在于提供一种微网预同步并网控制系统及其工作方法,它可以克服现有技术的不足,是结构简单、容易实现、可操作性强的预同步控制及其工作方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a microgrid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system and its working method, which can overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and is a pre-synchronization control and its working method with simple structure, easy implementation and strong operability.

本发明的技术方案:一种微网预同步并网控制系统,包括主电网,其特征在于它包括频率调节模块、SPLL(Software Phase-Locked Loop——软件锁相环)锁相环模块、电压调节模块、相位生成模块、相位调节模块及PWM(Pulse Width Modulation——脉宽调制)信号发生器模块;其中,所述频率调节模块的输入端与主电网连接,采集微网并网点处的有功功率及控制系统的有功功率的参考值信号,其输出端与相位生成模块的输入端连接;所述电压调节模块的输入端与主电网连接,采集微网并网点处的无功功率及控制系统的无功功率的参考值信号,其输出端与PWM信号发生器模块的输入端连接;所述SPLL锁相环模块的输入端与主电网连接,采集主电网的电压信号、频率信号和相位信号,其输出端分别连接相位生成模块、相位调节模块及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端;所述相位生成模块的输出端分别连接相位调节模块及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端;所述相位调节模块的输出端连接PWM信号发生器模块的输入端;所述PWM信号发生器模块的输出端输出PWM信号控制并网处电力电子开关的通断。The technical solution of the present invention: a micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system, including the main power grid, is characterized in that it includes a frequency adjustment module, an SPLL (Software Phase-Locked Loop—software phase-locked loop) phase-locked loop module, a voltage An adjustment module, a phase generation module, a phase adjustment module, and a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation——pulse width modulation) signal generator module; wherein, the input end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the main power grid, and the active power at the grid-connected point of the microgrid is collected The reference value signal of the active power of the power and control system, its output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the phase generation module; the input terminal of the voltage regulation module is connected with the main power grid, and the reactive power and control system The reference value signal of reactive power, its output end is connected with the input end of PWM signal generator module; The input end of described SPLL phase-locked loop module is connected with main grid, collects the voltage signal, frequency signal and phase signal of main grid , its output end is respectively connected to the input end of phase generation module, phase adjustment module and PWM signal generator module; The output end of described phase generation module is respectively connected to the input end of phase adjustment module and PWM signal generator module; Described phase adjustment The output end of the module is connected to the input end of the PWM signal generator module; the output end of the PWM signal generator module outputs a PWM signal to control the on-off of the power electronic switch at the grid-connected place.

所述频率调节模块是由比例放大器I、积分调节器I、控制开关K1和2个累加器构成;所述一个累加器将频率调节模块的输入信号,即有功功率及控制系统的有功功率的参考值信号,进行叠加;所述比例放大器的输入端接收叠加信号,其输出端输出放大信号给另一个累加器的一个输入端;所述积分调节器的输入端通过控制开关K1接收有功功率及控制系统的有功功率的参考值信号的叠加信号,其输出端连接另一个累加器的第二个输入端;所述第二个累加器的输出端与相位生成模块及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端连接。The frequency adjustment module is composed of a proportional amplifier I, an integral regulator I, a control switch K1 and two accumulators; the one accumulator is a reference to the input signal of the frequency adjustment module, that is, the active power and the active power of the control system. The input terminal of the proportional amplifier receives the superimposed signal, and its output terminal outputs an amplified signal to an input terminal of another accumulator; the input terminal of the integral regulator receives the active power and controls the active power through the control switch K1 The superposition signal of the reference value signal of the active power of the system, its output end is connected to the second input end of another accumulator; The output end of the second accumulator is connected with the input end of the phase generation module and the PWM signal generator module connect.

所述电压调节模块是由比例放大器II、积分调节器II、控制开关K2和2个累加器构成;所述一个累加器将频率调节模块的输入信号,即无功功率及控制系统的无功功率的参考值信号,进行叠加;所述比例放大器II的输入端接收叠加信号,其输出端输出放大信号给另一个累加器的一个输入端;所述积分调节器II的输入端通过控制开关K2接收无功功率及控制系统的无功功率的参考值信号的叠加信号,其输出端连接另一个累加器的第二个输入端;所述第二个累加器的输出端与相位生成模块及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端连接。The voltage regulation module is composed of a proportional amplifier II, an integral regulator II, a control switch K2 and two accumulators; the one accumulator converts the input signal of the frequency regulation module, that is, the reactive power and the reactive power of the control system The reference value signal is superimposed; the input terminal of the proportional amplifier II receives the superimposed signal, and its output terminal outputs an amplified signal to an input terminal of another accumulator; the input terminal of the integral regulator II is received by the control switch K2 The superposition signal of reactive power and the reference value signal of reactive power of the control system, its output terminal is connected to the second input terminal of another accumulator; the output terminal of the second accumulator is connected with the phase generation module and the PWM signal Input connection of the generator block.

所述相位调节模块是由线性逐渐逼近相位单元、相位限幅单元、控制开关K3及2个累加器构成;所述一个累加器的两个输入端分别通过控制开关采集相位生成模块的相位输出信号和SPLL锁相环模块采集到的主电网相位信号,其输出端与线性逐渐逼近相位单元的输入端连接;所述第二个累加器的两个输入端分别接收相位生成模块的相位输出信号和线性逐渐逼近相位单元的输出信号,其输出端与相位限幅单元的输入端连接;所述相位限幅单元的输出端连接PWM信号发生器模块的输入端。The phase adjustment module is composed of a linear gradual approximation phase unit, a phase limiting unit, a control switch K3 and 2 accumulators; the two input ends of the accumulator collect the phase output signal of the phase generation module through the control switch respectively and the main grid phase signal collected by the SPLL phase-locked loop module, its output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the linear gradual approximation phase unit; the two input terminals of the second accumulator receive the phase output signal and the phase generation module of the second accumulator respectively The output signal of the linear gradual approximation phase unit is connected to the input terminal of the phase limiting unit; the output terminal of the phase limiting unit is connected to the input terminal of the PWM signal generator module.

所述线性逐渐逼近相位单元是阶跃信号发生器。The linear gradual approximation phase unit is a step signal generator.

一种微网预同步并网控制系统的预同步控制方法,其特征在于它包括以下步骤:A pre-synchronization control method for a micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

(1)在并网运行阶段,微网工作于下垂控制模式。在这个阶段利用SPLL锁相环模块随时采集主电网的频率、相位以及主电网电压幅值信号,并由微网预同步并网控制系统判断当前工作状态,如果此时工作状态符合并网稳定工作的要求,则保存当前的电压、频率、相位;(1) During the grid-connected operation stage, the microgrid works in droop control mode. At this stage, the SPLL phase-locked loop module is used to collect the frequency, phase and voltage amplitude signals of the main grid at any time, and the micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system judges the current working status. If the working status at this time meets the grid-connected stable work If required, save the current voltage, frequency and phase;

(2)当发生“并网——孤岛”的模式切换时,微网不再采集主电网的电压、频率、相位,而是将之前保存的数值作为微网在孤岛运行模式时的参考值;同时改变下垂控制策略,在P-f和Q-V控制的基础上,各增加一个积分环节,用来减小微网内的频率和电压与参考值之间的偏差,实现微网供电质量在一个小范围内波动;(2) When the "grid-connected-island" mode switching occurs, the microgrid no longer collects the voltage, frequency, and phase of the main grid, but uses the previously saved values as the reference value of the microgrid in the island operation mode; At the same time, the droop control strategy is changed. On the basis of P-f and Q-V control, an integral link is added to reduce the deviation between the frequency and voltage in the microgrid and the reference value, so as to realize the power supply quality of the microgrid within a small range. fluctuation;

(3)K1、K2为控制开关,当发生“并网——孤岛”的模式切换时,由模式切换的控制信号控制K1和K2闭合,将积分环节接入控制系统,使得原有的比例控制方式改变为比例-积分控制方式,即:(3) K1 and K2 are control switches. When the mode switch of "grid-connected to island" occurs, the control signal of the mode switch controls K1 and K2 to close, and the integral link is connected to the control system, so that the original proportional control The method is changed to the proportional-integral control method, namely:

Figure BDA0001370770860000041
Figure BDA0001370770860000041

式中,f和U分别为下垂控制中的频率和电压,P和Q为系统输出有功和无功,f0、U0、P0、Q0为对应的各个控制参考值,m、n分别是下垂系数,m=Kpf,n=Kpu,利用积分控制对系统静差的消除作用,将微网的频率和幅值尽可能的保持在与并网状态时一样,或者在一个小幅波动的范围内,提高微网系统供电质量的稳定性;In the formula, f and U are frequency and voltage in droop control respectively, P and Q are system output active power and reactive power, f 0 , U 0 , P 0 , Q 0 are corresponding control reference values, m and n are respectively is the droop coefficient, m=K pf , n=K pu , using the integral control to eliminate the static error of the system, keep the frequency and amplitude of the microgrid as much as possible in the grid-connected state, or in a small fluctuation Improve the stability of the power supply quality of the microgrid system within the range;

(4)由频率调节模块和电压调节模块经过步骤(1)-(3),得到调解后的频率信号和电压幅值信号,将这两个信号分别与由SPLL锁相环模块采集到的主电网频率信号和电压幅值信号进行叠加,分别生成相位生成模块所需要的频率信号f1以及PWM信号发生器模块所需的电压幅值信号U1(4) Through steps (1)-(3) by the frequency adjustment module and the voltage adjustment module, obtain the frequency signal and the voltage amplitude signal after the mediation, these two signals are respectively combined with the main signal collected by the SPLL phase-locked loop module The grid frequency signal and the voltage amplitude signal are superimposed to generate the frequency signal f 1 required by the phase generation module and the voltage amplitude signal U 1 required by the PWM signal generator module;

(5)由相位生成模块将步骤(4)中得到的频率信号f1转换为相位信号θ,并作为一个输入信号给相位调节模块;(5) Convert the frequency signal f obtained in step (4) into a phase signal θ by the phase generation module, and give the phase adjustment module as an input signal;

(6)相位调节模块在并网之前由并网控制信号闭合开关K3,闭合K3的同时采集并保存微网和主电网的相位θ和θ0,计算出相位差,将步骤(5)得到的相位信号θ与SPLL锁相环模块采集到的主电网相位信号θ0按照下面的关系进行调整;(6) The phase adjustment module closes the switch K3 by the grid-connected control signal before the grid-connection, and collects and saves the phase θ and θ 0 of the micro-grid and the main grid at the same time when closing K3, calculates the phase difference, and converts the obtained in step (5) The phase signal θ and the main grid phase signal θ 0 collected by the SPLL phase-locked loop module are adjusted according to the following relationship;

θ2=θ+kt(θ0-θ)θ 2 =θ+kt(θ 0 -θ)

kt是时间序列的线性函数,k为时间系数;kt is a linear function of the time series, k is the time coefficient;

(7)将θ2限幅在θ和θ0之间得到θ3,即为线性逐渐逼近修正算法的输出值;线性逐渐逼近相位修正算法的关键是利用时间序列线性函数kt,将微网和主电网之间的相位差转换为一个随时间逐渐递增的函数,通过调节时间系数k可以达到调节相位逐渐逼近的速度的目的;有此θ3与θ叠加生成PWM信号发生器模块所需的相位信号θ1(7) Limit θ 2 between θ and θ 0 to get θ 3 , which is the output value of the linear gradual approximation correction algorithm; the key to the linear gradual approximation phase correction algorithm is to use the time series linear function kt to combine the microgrid and The phase difference between the main power grids is converted into a function that gradually increases with time. By adjusting the time coefficient k, the purpose of adjusting the speed of the phase approach can be achieved; there is this θ 3 and θ superposition to generate the phase required by the PWM signal generator module signal θ 1 ;

(8)结合得出的电压幅值信号U1、频率信号f1、相位信号θ1,共同控制PWM信号发生器模块,完成微网电压幅值、频率以及相位的调节。(8) Combine the obtained voltage amplitude signal U 1 , frequency signal f 1 , and phase signal θ 1 to jointly control the PWM signal generator module to complete the adjustment of the microgrid voltage amplitude, frequency, and phase.

所述步骤(5)中由频率信号f1转换为相位信号θ,是由以下步骤构成:In described step (5), be converted into phase signal θ by frequency signal f 1 , be made of following steps:

①将频率信号f1乘以2π,得到角频率ω1① Multiply the frequency signal f 1 by 2π to obtain the angular frequency ω 1 ;

②角频率ω1经过积分环节,将其转变为相位信号θ。② The angular frequency ω 1 is transformed into a phase signal θ through an integral link.

本发明的优越性:增加积分环节,提高了微网并网模式和孤岛模式相互切换时的稳定性;积分控制对系统静差的消除作用,将微网的频率和幅值尽可能的保持在与并网状态时一样,或者在一个小幅波动的范围内,提高微网系统供电质量的稳定性;通过增加相位前馈补偿环节,实现微网与主电网之间相位的快速无差控制;线性逐渐逼近相位修正算法的关键是利用时间序列线性函数,通过调节时间系数k可以达到调节相位逐渐逼近的速度的目的。The advantages of the present invention: the addition of the integral link improves the stability when the microgrid grid-connected mode and the island mode are switched to each other; the integral control can eliminate the static error of the system, and keep the frequency and amplitude of the microgrid as close as possible Same as in the grid-connected state, or within a small fluctuation range, improve the stability of the power supply quality of the micro-grid system; by adding a phase feed-forward compensation link, realize fast and seamless control of the phase between the micro-grid and the main grid; linear The key of the gradually approaching phase correction algorithm is to use the time series linear function to adjust the speed of the gradually approaching phase by adjusting the time coefficient k.

(四)附图说明:(4) Description of drawings:

图1为本发明所涉一种微网预同步并网控制系统的整体结构框图。Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of a micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system according to the present invention.

图2为本发明所涉一种微网预同步并网控制系统中频率调节模块和电压调节模块的结构框图。Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of a frequency regulation module and a voltage regulation module in a microgrid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system according to the present invention.

图3为本发明所涉一种微网预同步并网控制系统中相位调节模块的结构框图。Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of a phase adjustment module in a micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system according to the present invention.

图4为本发明所涉一种微网预同步并网控制系统的预同步控制方法的控制流程示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control flow of a pre-synchronization control method of a microgrid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system according to the present invention.

图5为本发明所涉一种微网预同步并网控制系统的预同步控制方法中频率调节和电压调节的流程示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of frequency adjustment and voltage adjustment in a pre-synchronization control method of a microgrid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system according to the present invention.

图6为本发明所涉一种微网预同步并网控制系统的预同步控制方法中相位调节的流程示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of phase adjustment in a pre-synchronization control method of a microgrid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system according to the present invention.

(五)具体实施方式:(5) Specific implementation methods:

实施例:一种微网预同步并网控制系统(见图1),包括主电网,其特征在于它包括频率调节模块、SPLL锁相环模块、电压调节模块、相位生成模块、相位调节模块及PWM信号发生器模块;其中,所述频率调节模块的输入端与主电网连接,采集微网并网点处的有功功率及控制系统的有功功率的参考值信号,其输出端与相位生成模块的输入端连接;所述电压调节模块的输入端与主电网连接,采集微网并网点处的无功功率及控制系统的无功功率的参考值信号,其输出端与PWM信号发生器模块的输入端连接;所述SPLL锁相环模块的输入端与主电网连接,采集主电网的电压信号、频率信号和相位信号,其输出端分别连接相位生成模块、相位调节模块及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端;所述相位生成模块的输出端分别连接相位调节模块及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端;所述相位调节模块的输出端连接PWM信号发生器模块的输入端;所述PWM信号发生器模块的输出端输出PWM信号控制并网处电力电子开关的通断。Embodiment: a kind of micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system (see Fig. 1), comprises main grid, is characterized in that it comprises frequency adjustment module, SPLL phase-locked loop module, voltage adjustment module, phase generation module, phase adjustment module and PWM signal generator module; wherein, the input end of described frequency regulation module is connected with main power grid, collects the reference value signal of the active power of grid-connected point place of micro-grid and the active power of control system, and its output end and the input of phase generation module terminal connection; the input terminal of the voltage regulation module is connected with the main grid, and the reference value signal of the reactive power at the grid-connected point of the microgrid and the control system is collected, and its output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the PWM signal generator module Connect; the input end of the SPLL phase-locked loop module is connected to the main grid, and the voltage signal, frequency signal and phase signal of the main grid are collected, and its output end is respectively connected to the input of the phase generation module, the phase adjustment module and the PWM signal generator module end; the output end of the phase generation module is connected to the input end of the phase adjustment module and the PWM signal generator module respectively; the output end of the phase adjustment module is connected to the input end of the PWM signal generator module; the PWM signal generator module The output end of the output terminal outputs a PWM signal to control the on-off of the power electronic switch at the grid-connected place.

所述频率调节模块(见图2)是由比例放大器I、积分调节器I、控制开关K1和2个累加器构成;所述一个累加器将频率调节模块的输入信号,即有功功率及控制系统的有功功率的参考值信号,进行叠加;所述比例放大器的输入端接收叠加信号,其输出端输出放大信号给另一个累加器的一个输入端;所述积分调节器的输入端通过控制开关K1接收有功功率及控制系统的有功功率的参考值信号的叠加信号,其输出端连接另一个累加器的第二个输入端;所述第二个累加器的输出端与相位生成模块及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端连接。Described frequency adjustment module (seeing Fig. 2) is made of proportional amplifier I, integral regulator I, control switch K1 and 2 accumulators; The reference value signal of the active power is superimposed; the input terminal of the proportional amplifier receives the superimposed signal, and its output terminal outputs an amplified signal to an input terminal of another accumulator; the input terminal of the integral regulator controls the switch K1 Receive the active power and the superposition signal of the active power reference value signal of the control system, and its output end is connected to the second input end of another accumulator; the output end of the second accumulator is connected with the phase generation module and the PWM signal to generate The input terminal connection of the converter module.

所述电压调节模块(见图2)是由比例放大器II、积分调节器II、控制开关K2和2个累加器构成;所述一个累加器将频率调节模块的输入信号,即无功功率及控制系统的无功功率的参考值信号,进行叠加;所述比例放大器II的输入端接收叠加信号,其输出端输出放大信号给另一个累加器的一个输入端;所述积分调节器II的输入端通过控制开关K2接收无功功率及控制系统的无功功率的参考值信号的叠加信号,其输出端连接另一个累加器的第二个输入端;所述第二个累加器的输出端与相位生成模块及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端连接。Described voltage regulation module (see Fig. 2) is made up of proportional amplifier II, integral regulator II, control switch K2 and 2 accumulators; Described one accumulator is the input signal of frequency regulation module, namely reactive power and control The reference value signal of the reactive power of the system is superimposed; the input terminal of the proportional amplifier II receives the superimposed signal, and its output terminal outputs an amplified signal to an input terminal of another accumulator; the input terminal of the integral regulator II The superposition signal of the reference value signal of reactive power and reactive power of the control system is received by controlling the switch K2, and its output terminal is connected to the second input terminal of another accumulator; the output terminal of the second accumulator is connected with the phase The input terminals of the generation module and the PWM signal generator module are connected.

所述相位调节模块(见图3)是由线性逐渐逼近相位单元、相位限幅单元、控制开关K3及2个累加器构成;所述一个累加器的两个输入端分别通过控制开关K3采集相位生成模块的相位输出信号和SPLL锁相环模块采集到的主电网相位信号,其输出端与线性逐渐逼近相位单元的输入端连接;所述第二个累加器的两个输入端分别接收相位生成模块的相位输出信号和线性逐渐逼近相位单元的输出信号,其输出端与相位限幅单元的输入端连接;所述相位限幅单元的输出端连接PWM信号发生器模块的输入端。Described phase adjustment module (seeing Fig. 3) is made up of linear gradual approximation phase unit, phase limiting unit, control switch K3 and 2 accumulators; The phase output signal of the generation module and the main grid phase signal collected by the SPLL phase-locked loop module, its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the linear gradual approximation phase unit; the two input terminals of the second accumulator respectively receive the phase generation The phase output signal of the module and the output signal of the linear gradual approximation phase unit are connected with the input terminal of the phase limiting unit; the output terminal of the phase limiting unit is connected with the input terminal of the PWM signal generator module.

所述线性逐渐逼近相位单元是阶跃信号发生器。The linear gradual approximation phase unit is a step signal generator.

一种微网预同步并网控制系统的预同步控制方法,其特征在于它包括以下步骤:A pre-synchronization control method for a micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

(1)在并网运行阶段,微网工作于下垂控制模式。在这个阶段利用SPLL锁相环模块随时采集主电网的频率、相位以及主电网电压幅值信号,并由微网预同步并网控制系统判断当前工作状态,如果此时工作状态符合并网稳定工作的要求,则保存当前的电压、频率、相位(见图4);(1) During the grid-connected operation stage, the microgrid works in droop control mode. At this stage, the SPLL phase-locked loop module is used to collect the frequency, phase and voltage amplitude signals of the main grid at any time, and the micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system judges the current working status. If the working status at this time meets the grid-connected stable work requirements, save the current voltage, frequency, phase (see Figure 4);

(2)当发生“并网——孤岛”的模式切换时,微网不再采集主电网的电压、频率、相位,而是将之前保存的数值作为微网在孤岛运行模式时的参考值;同时改变下垂控制策略,在P-f和Q-V控制的基础上,各增加一个积分环节,用来减小微网内的频率和电压与参考值之间的偏差,实现微网供电质量在一个小范围内波动;(2) When the "grid-connected-island" mode switching occurs, the microgrid no longer collects the voltage, frequency, and phase of the main grid, but uses the previously saved values as the reference value of the microgrid in the island operation mode; At the same time, the droop control strategy is changed. On the basis of P-f and Q-V control, an integral link is added to reduce the deviation between the frequency and voltage in the microgrid and the reference value, so as to realize the power supply quality of the microgrid within a small range. fluctuation;

(3)K1、K2为控制开关,当发生“并网——孤岛”的模式切换时,由模式切换的控制信号控制K1和K2闭合,将积分环节接入控制系统,使得原有的比例控制方式改变为比例-积分控制方式,即:(3) K1 and K2 are control switches. When the mode switch of "grid-connected to island" occurs, the control signal of the mode switch controls K1 and K2 to close, and the integral link is connected to the control system, so that the original proportional control The method is changed to the proportional-integral control method, namely:

Figure BDA0001370770860000081
Figure BDA0001370770860000081

式中,f和U分别为下垂控制中的频率和电压,P和Q为系统输出有功和无功,f0、U0、P0、Q0为对应的各个控制参考值,m、n分别是下垂系数,m=Kpf,n=Kpu,利用积分控制对系统静差的消除作用,将微网的频率和幅值尽可能的保持在与并网状态时一样,或者在一个小幅波动的范围内,提高微网系统供电质量的稳定性(见图4、图5);In the formula, f and U are frequency and voltage in droop control respectively, P and Q are system output active power and reactive power, f 0 , U 0 , P 0 , Q 0 are corresponding control reference values, m and n are respectively is the droop coefficient, m=K pf , n=K pu , using the integral control to eliminate the static error of the system, keep the frequency and amplitude of the microgrid as much as possible in the grid-connected state, or in a small fluctuation Within the range, improve the stability of the power supply quality of the microgrid system (see Figure 4, Figure 5);

(4)由频率调节模块和电压调节模块经过步骤(1)-(3),得到调解后的频率信号和电压幅值信号,将这两个信号分别与由SPLL锁相环模块采集到的主电网频率信号和电压幅值信号进行叠加,分别生成相位生成模块所需要的频率信号f1以及PWM信号发生器模块所需的电压幅值信号U1(见图4、图5);(4) Through steps (1)-(3) by the frequency adjustment module and the voltage adjustment module, obtain the frequency signal and the voltage amplitude signal after the mediation, these two signals are respectively combined with the main signal collected by the SPLL phase-locked loop module The power grid frequency signal and the voltage amplitude signal are superimposed to generate the frequency signal f1 required by the phase generation module and the voltage amplitude signal U1 required by the PWM signal generator module (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5);

(5)由相位生成模块将步骤(4)中得到的频率信号f1转换为相位信号θ,并作为一个输入信号给相位调节模块(见图4、图5);(5) Convert the frequency signal f obtained in step (4) into a phase signal θ by the phase generation module, and give the phase adjustment module (seeing Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) as an input signal;

(6)相位调节模块在并网之前由并网控制信号闭合开关K3,闭合K3的同时采集并保存微网和主电网的相位θ和θ0,计算出相位差,将步骤(5)得到的相位信号θ与SPLL锁相环模块采集到的主电网相位信号θ0按照下面的关系进行调整(见图4、图6);(6) The phase adjustment module closes the switch K3 by the grid-connected control signal before the grid-connection, and collects and saves the phase θ and θ 0 of the micro-grid and the main grid at the same time when closing K3, calculates the phase difference, and converts the obtained in step (5) Phase signal θ is adjusted according to the following relationship with the main grid phase signal θ 0 that the SPLL phase-locked loop module gathers (seeing Fig. 4, Fig. 6);

θ2=θ+kt(θ0-θ)θ 2 =θ+kt(θ 0 -θ)

kt是时间序列的线性函数,k为时间系数;kt is a linear function of the time series, k is the time coefficient;

(7)将θ2限幅在θ和θ0之间得到θ3,即为线性逐渐逼近修正算法的输出值;线性逐渐逼近相位修正算法的关键是利用时间序列线性函数kt,将微网和主电网之间的相位差转换为一个随时间逐渐递增的函数,通过调节时间系数k可以达到调节相位逐渐逼近的速度的目的;有此θ3与θ叠加生成PWM信号发生器模块所需的相位信号θ1(见图4、图6);(7) Limit θ 2 between θ and θ 0 to get θ 3 , which is the output value of the linear gradual approximation correction algorithm; the key to the linear gradual approximation phase correction algorithm is to use the time series linear function kt to combine the microgrid and The phase difference between the main power grids is converted into a function that gradually increases with time. By adjusting the time coefficient k, the purpose of adjusting the speed of the phase approach can be achieved; there is this θ 3 and θ superposition to generate the phase required by the PWM signal generator module Signal θ 1 (see Fig. 4, Fig. 6);

(8)结合得出的电压幅值信号U1、频率信号f1、相位信号θ1,共同控制PWM信号发生器模块,完成微网电压幅值、频率以及相位的调节(见图4)。(8) Combine the obtained voltage amplitude signal U 1 , frequency signal f 1 , and phase signal θ 1 to jointly control the PWM signal generator module to complete the adjustment of the microgrid voltage amplitude, frequency, and phase (see Figure 4).

所述步骤(5)中由频率信号f1转换为相位信号θ,是由以下步骤构成(见图4):In described step (5), be converted into phase signal θ by frequency signal f 1 , be made of following steps (see Fig. 4):

①将频率信号f1乘以2π,得到角频率ω1① Multiply the frequency signal f 1 by 2π to obtain the angular frequency ω 1 ;

②角频率ω1经过积分环节,将其转变为相位信号θ。② The angular frequency ω 1 is transformed into a phase signal θ through an integral link.

Claims (4)

1.一种微网预同步并网控制系统,包括主电网,其特征在于它包括频率调节模块、SPLL锁相环模块、电压调节模块、相位生成模块、相位调节模块及PWM信号发生器模块;其中,所述SPLL锁相环模块与主电网连接,用于采集主电网的电压信号、相位信号和频率信号;所述频率调节模块的输入端与主电网连接,采集微网并网点处的有功功率及控制系统的有功功率的参考值信号,其输出端的输出信号与SPLL锁相环模块的输出端输出的频率信号依累加器I叠加后一并送入相位生成模块的输入端以及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端;所述电压调节模块的输入端与主电网连接,采集微网并网点处的无功功率及控制系统的无功功率的参考值信号,其输出端的输出信号与SPLL锁相环模块的输出端输出的电压信号依累加器II叠加后一并送入PWM信号发生器模块的输入端;所述相位生成模块的输出端连接相位调节模块;所述相位调节模块的输入端分别与相位生成模块的输出端以及SPLL锁相环模块的输出端连接,其输出端连接PWM信号发生器模块的输入端;所述PWM信号发生器模块的输出端输出PWM信号控制并网处电力电子开关的通断;1. A micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system, comprising a main grid, is characterized in that it includes a frequency adjustment module, an SPLL phase-locked loop module, a voltage adjustment module, a phase generation module, a phase adjustment module and a PWM signal generator module; Wherein, the SPLL phase-locked loop module is connected with the main grid for collecting the voltage signal, phase signal and frequency signal of the main grid; the input terminal of the frequency adjustment module is connected with the main grid for collecting the active power The reference value signal of the active power of the power and control system, the output signal of the output terminal and the frequency signal output by the output terminal of the SPLL phase-locked loop module are superimposed by the accumulator I and sent to the input terminal of the phase generation module and the PWM signal is generated The input terminal of the voltage regulator module; the input terminal of the voltage regulation module is connected to the main grid, and the reference value signal of the reactive power at the grid-connected point of the micro-grid and the reactive power of the control system is collected, and the output signal of the output terminal is phase-locked with the SPLL The voltage signal output by the output terminal of the ring module is sent to the input terminal of the PWM signal generator module after being superimposed by the accumulator II; the output terminal of the phase generation module is connected to the phase adjustment module; the input terminals of the phase adjustment module are respectively It is connected with the output end of the phase generation module and the output end of the SPLL phase-locked loop module, and its output end is connected with the input end of the PWM signal generator module; the output end of the PWM signal generator module outputs a PWM signal to control the grid-connected power electronics switch on and off; 所述频率调节模块是由比例放大器I、积分调节器I、控制开关K1、累加器III及累加器IV构成;所述累加器III将频率调节模块的输入信号,即有功功率及控制系统的有功功率的参考值信号,进行叠加;所述比例放大器的输入端接收叠加信号,其输出端输出放大信号给累加器IV的一个输入端;所述积分调节器的输入端通过控制开关K1接收有功功率及控制系统的有功功率的参考值信号的叠加信号,其输出端连接累加器IV的第二个输入端;所述累加器IV的输出端与相位生成模块及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端连接;当发生“并网——孤岛”的模式切换时,控制开关K1闭合;The frequency adjustment module is composed of a proportional amplifier I, an integral regulator I, a control switch K1, an accumulator III and an accumulator IV; The reference value signal of the power is superimposed; the input terminal of the proportional amplifier receives the superimposed signal, and its output terminal outputs an amplified signal to an input terminal of the accumulator IV; the input terminal of the integral regulator receives active power through the control switch K1 And the superposition signal of the reference value signal of the active power of control system, its output end connects the second input end of accumulator IV; The output end of described accumulator IV is connected with the input end of phase generation module and PWM signal generator module ;When the mode switching of "grid-connected to island" occurs, the control switch K1 is closed; 所述电压调节模块是由比例放大器II、积分调节器II、控制开关K2、累加器V和累加器VI构成;所述累加器V将频率调节模块的输入信号,即无功功率及控制系统的无功功率的参考值信号,进行叠加;所述比例放大器II的输入端接收叠加信号,其输出端输出放大信号给累加器VI的一个输入端;所述积分调节器II的输入端通过控制开关K2接收无功功率及控制系统的无功功率的参考值信号的叠加信号,其输出端连接累加器VI的第二个输入端;所述累加器VI的输出端与相位生成模块及PWM信号发生器模块的输入端连接;当发生“并网——孤岛”的模式切换时,所述控制开关K2闭合;The voltage regulation module is composed of a proportional amplifier II, an integral regulator II, a control switch K2, an accumulator V and an accumulator VI; the accumulator V converts the input signal of the frequency regulation module, that is, reactive power and control system The reference value signal of reactive power is superimposed; the input terminal of the proportional amplifier II receives the superimposed signal, and its output terminal outputs an amplified signal to an input terminal of the accumulator VI; the input terminal of the integral regulator II passes through the control switch K2 receives the superposition signal of reactive power and the reference value signal of the reactive power of the control system, and its output end is connected to the second input end of the accumulator VI; the output end of the accumulator VI is connected to the phase generation module and the PWM signal to generate The input terminal of the switch module is connected; when the mode switching of "grid-connected to island" occurs, the control switch K2 is closed; 所述相位调节模块是由线性逐渐逼近相位单元、相位限幅单元、控制开关K3、累加器VII和累加器VIII构成;所述累加器VII的两个输入端分别通过控制开关采集相位生成模块的相位输出信号和SPLL锁相环模块采集到的主电网相位信号,其输出端与线性逐渐逼近相位单元的输入端连接;所述累加器VIII的两个输入端分别接收相位生成模块的相位输出信号和线性逐渐逼近相位单元的输出信号,其输出端与相位限幅单元的输入端连接;所述相位限幅单元的输出端连接PWM信号发生器模块的输入端;当需要并网时,所述控制开关K3闭合。The phase adjustment module is composed of a linear gradual approximation phase unit, a phase limiting unit, a control switch K3, an accumulator VII and an accumulator VIII; The main grid phase signal collected by the phase output signal and the SPLL phase-locked loop module, its output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the linear gradual approximation phase unit; the two input terminals of the accumulator VIII respectively receive the phase output signal of the phase generation module and the output signal of the linear gradually approaching phase unit, its output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the phase limiting unit; the output terminal of the phase limiting unit is connected with the input terminal of the PWM signal generator module; when grid-connected, the The control switch K3 is closed. 2.根据权利要求1所述一种微网预同步并网控制系统,其特征在于所述线性逐渐逼近相位单元是阶跃信号发生器。2. A micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear gradual approximation phase unit is a step signal generator. 3.一种应用于权利要求1所述微网预同步并网控制系统的预同步控制方法,其特征在于它包括以下步骤:3. A pre-synchronization control method applied to the micro-grid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1)在并网运行阶段,微网工作于下垂控制模式;在这个阶段利用SPLL锁相环模块随时采集主电网的频率、相位以及主电网电压幅值信号,并由微网预同步并网控制系统判断当前工作状态,如果此时工作状态符合并网稳定工作的要求,则保存当前的电压、频率、相位;(1) In the grid-connected operation stage, the microgrid works in the droop control mode; at this stage, the frequency, phase and voltage amplitude signals of the main grid are collected at any time by using the SPLL phase-locked loop module, and the microgrid is pre-synchronized and grid-connected The control system judges the current working state, if the working state meets the requirements of grid-connected and stable work at this time, then save the current voltage, frequency and phase; (2)当发生“并网——孤岛”的模式切换时,微网不再采集主电网的电压、频率、相位,而是将之前保存的数值作为微网在孤岛运行模式时的参考值;同时改变下垂控制策略,在P-f和Q-V控制的基础上,各增加一个积分环节,用来减小微网内的频率和电压与参考值之间的偏差,实现微网供电质量在一个小范围内波动;(2) When the "grid-connected-island" mode switching occurs, the microgrid no longer collects the voltage, frequency, and phase of the main grid, but uses the previously saved values as the reference value of the microgrid in the island operation mode; At the same time, the droop control strategy is changed. On the basis of P-f and Q-V control, an integral link is added to reduce the deviation between the frequency and voltage in the microgrid and the reference value, so as to realize the power supply quality of the microgrid within a small range. fluctuation; (3)K1、K2为控制开关,当发生“并网——孤岛”的模式切换时,由模式切换的控制信号控制K1和K2闭合,将积分环节接入控制系统,使得原有的比例控制方式改变为比例-积分控制方式,即:(3) K1 and K2 are control switches. When the mode switch of "grid-connected to island" occurs, the control signal of the mode switch controls K1 and K2 to close, and the integral link is connected to the control system, so that the original proportional control The method is changed to the proportional-integral control method, namely:
Figure FDA0004040148980000031
Figure FDA0004040148980000031
式中,f和U分别为下垂控制中的频率和电压,P和Q为系统输出有功和无功,f0、U0、P0、Q0为对应的各个控制参考值,m、n分别是下垂系数,m=Kpf,n=Kpu,利用积分控制对系统静差的消除作用,将微网的频率和幅值尽可能的保持在与并网状态时一样,或者在一个小幅波动的范围内,提高微网系统供电质量的稳定性;In the formula, f and U are frequency and voltage in droop control respectively, P and Q are system output active power and reactive power, f 0 , U 0 , P 0 , Q 0 are corresponding control reference values, m and n are respectively is the droop coefficient, m=K pf , n=K pu , using the integral control to eliminate the static error of the system, keep the frequency and amplitude of the microgrid as much as possible in the grid-connected state, or in a small fluctuation Improve the stability of the power supply quality of the microgrid system within the range; (4)由频率调节模块和电压调节模块经过步骤(1)-(3),得到调解后的频率信号和电压幅值信号,将这两个信号分别与由SPLL锁相环模块采集到的主电网频率信号和电压幅值信号进行叠加,分别生成相位生成模块所需要的频率信号f1以及PWM信号发生器模块所需的电压幅值信号U1(4) Through steps (1)-(3) by the frequency adjustment module and the voltage adjustment module, obtain the frequency signal and the voltage amplitude signal after the mediation, these two signals are respectively combined with the main signal collected by the SPLL phase-locked loop module The grid frequency signal and the voltage amplitude signal are superimposed to generate the frequency signal f 1 required by the phase generation module and the voltage amplitude signal U 1 required by the PWM signal generator module; (5)由相位生成模块将步骤(4)中得到的频率信号f1转换为相位信号θ,并作为一个输入信号给相位调节模块;(5) Convert the frequency signal f obtained in step (4) into a phase signal θ by the phase generation module, and give the phase adjustment module as an input signal; (6)相位调节模块在并网之前由并网控制信号闭合开关K3,闭合K3的同时采集并保存微网和主电网的相位θ和θ0,计算出相位差,将步骤(5)得到的相位信号θ与SPLL锁相环模块采集到的主电网相位信号θ0按照下面的关系进行调整;(6) The phase adjustment module closes the switch K3 by the grid-connected control signal before the grid-connection, and collects and saves the phase θ and θ 0 of the micro-grid and the main grid at the same time when closing K3, calculates the phase difference, and converts the obtained in step (5) The phase signal θ and the main grid phase signal θ 0 collected by the SPLL phase-locked loop module are adjusted according to the following relationship; θ2=θ+kt(θ0-θ)θ 2 =θ+kt(θ 0 -θ) kt是时间序列的线性函数,k为时间系数;kt is a linear function of the time series, k is the time coefficient; (7)将θ2限幅在θ和θ0之间得到θ3,即为线性逐渐逼近修正算法的输出值;线性逐渐逼近相位修正算法的关键是利用时间序列线性函数kt,将微网和主电网之间的相位差转换为一个随时间逐渐递增的函数,通过调节时间系数k可以达到调节相位逐渐逼近的速度的目的;有此θ3与θ叠加生成PWM信号发生器模块所需的相位信号θ1(7) Limit θ 2 between θ and θ 0 to get θ 3 , which is the output value of the linear gradual approximation correction algorithm; the key to the linear gradual approximation phase correction algorithm is to use the time series linear function kt to combine the microgrid and The phase difference between the main power grids is converted into a function that gradually increases with time. By adjusting the time coefficient k, the purpose of adjusting the speed of the phase approach can be achieved; there is this θ 3 and θ superposition to generate the phase required by the PWM signal generator module signal θ 1 ; (8)结合得出的电压幅值信号U1、频率信号f1、相位信号θ1,共同控制PWM信号发生器模块,完成微网电压幅值、频率以及相位的调节。(8) Combine the obtained voltage amplitude signal U 1 , frequency signal f 1 , and phase signal θ 1 to jointly control the PWM signal generator module to complete the adjustment of the microgrid voltage amplitude, frequency, and phase.
4.根据权利要求3所述一种微网预同步并网控制系统的预同步控制方法,其特征在于所述步骤(5)中由频率信号f1转换为相位信号θ,是由以下步骤构成:4. according to the pre-synchronization control method of a kind of microgrid pre-synchronization grid-connected control system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that in described step (5) by frequency signal f 1 is converted into phase signal θ, is made of following steps : ①将频率信号f1乘以2Π,得到角频率ω1① Multiply the frequency signal f 1 by 2Π to obtain the angular frequency ω 1 ; ②角频率ω1经过积分环节,将其转变为相位信号θ。② The angular frequency ω 1 is transformed into a phase signal θ through an integral link.
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