CN102856794A - Ion wind flow accelerator and current density testing device thereof - Google Patents
Ion wind flow accelerator and current density testing device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102856794A CN102856794A CN2012103466822A CN201210346682A CN102856794A CN 102856794 A CN102856794 A CN 102856794A CN 2012103466822 A CN2012103466822 A CN 2012103466822A CN 201210346682 A CN201210346682 A CN 201210346682A CN 102856794 A CN102856794 A CN 102856794A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ion wind flow accelerator which comprises an electrode consisting of a corona electrode and a collector, wherein the corona electrode is a needle tip discharge type corona electrode. Visibly, according to the ion wind flow accelerator provided by the embodiment of the invention, the electrode structure adopts the needle tip discharge mode, so that the discharging capability has unparalleled superiority relative to a conventional discharge mode. In addition, the invention also discloses a current density testing device of the ion wind flow accelerator. With the adoption of the current density testing device, in the testing process, an electric field in the electrode structure is not turbulented, electromagnetic interference is small, and the stability of the electric field in the electrode structure and the ion wind speed can be kept, so that the current density of the ion wind flow accelerator can be more accurately measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plasma field, particularly a kind of ion wind air-flow accelerator and current density testing apparatus thereof.
Background technology
The history of ion wind can be traced back to 1709, and British scientist Francis Hauksbee finds the ion wind phenomenon first.1899, British Chattock drew the pressure of ion wind tilt flat plate and the simple relation of electric current by the experiment of pair of plates electrode, first quantitative analysis the ion wind phenomenon.
" corona in air discharge " refers to differ between the great electrode in the radius of curvature size and applies high pressure, induces near the air ionization the less electrode of radius of curvature.Ion wind air-flow accelerator then is that the air-flow that the ion motion when utilizing atmospherical discharges produces is realized a kind of device that air-flow accelerates.The ion wind generating process can be described as: the free electron that exists in the air and ion produce air-flow and accelerate under the effect that is subject to highfield, thereby obtain enough energy.The neutral air molecule of the ion of high-speed motion and electronics frequent impact induces it to produce new ion and electronics.New electronics and ion obtain more macro-energy bump air neutral molecule under the effect of Coulomb force, thereby produce more ion and electronics.Said process moves in circles, and electric current reaches capacity rapidly, occurs " electron avalanche ", produces a large amount of ions and electronics.Zone between corona discharge electrode 1 and the collector electrode 2 can be divided into " ionized region " and " drift region " two parts, and as shown in Figure 1, the zone between corona discharge electrode 1 and the border, ionosphere 04 is called " ionized region "; The zone on collector electrode 2 and border, ionosphere 04 is called " drift region ".There are cation 05 and electronics 02 in the ionized region.Electronics 02 is subjected to the electric field force effect to corona discharge electrode 1 motion and is adsorbed neutralization; Cation 05 is moved to border, ionosphere 04 by the electric field force effect, then enter the drift region, continuing in the process of collector electrode 2 motions, with 06 collision of neutral gas particle, absorption and neutralization, carry out the transfer of energy and momentum, neutral air molecule motion forms the ion wind that continues then around driving.The essence of ion wind air-flow accelerator mechanism is air molecule generation corona discharge, and the neutral particle in the induced air ionization occurs and produces the process of air motion.
Ion wind air-flow accelerator mainly is comprised of electrode structure, high voltage source and gas channel three parts, its interaction relationship can be expressed as with Fig. 2: high voltage source provides energy and fluctuation voltage for electrode structure, has the fluid boundary effect between gas channel and the electrode structure.Wherein, high voltage source provides energy for gas molecule generation corona discharge and interpolar ion transport, the parameter of electrode structure relates generally to the geometry of corona discharge electrode and collector electrode and distance between the two etc., gas channel is as the passage of air motion, different experimental situations can be provided, comprise the difference of air humidity, gas type, indoor temperature, light etc.
The complexity of ion wind air-flow accelerator mechanism is because its inside relates to the coupling of the interior a plurality of physical fields such as flow field of electric field, space charge density field, the gas channel of generation corona discharge between two electrodes.Therefore, reviewing and analysing parameter and the variation of each amount, make its increase that is beneficial to throughput, and then improve ion wind velocity, is the main purpose of people's experimental study.
By aforementioned, space charge density is determined by the electric field strength of corona discharge.The space charge self that corona discharge produces can excite and produce new electric field, thereby affects size and the spatial distribution of original electric field.The key that produces ion wind is air molecule generation corona discharge, and accelerated motion under the electric field force effect with the exchange of neutral air molecule generation electrokinetic energy and kinetic energy on every side, produces air-flow thereby drive the surrounding air molecular motion.So the size of space charge density directly affects air velocity.The speed of airflow field affects again convection current and the diffusion of space charge conversely.Airflow field not only affects distribution of space charge, also affects the distribution of space electric field.
In ion wind air-flow accelerator, only have when voltage, electric current satisfy certain condition could produce stable air-flow and then produce ion wind.Theoretical research shows that corona discharge only could form stable current density under the glow discharge condition between corona discharge electrode and collector electrode, be that current value just has during greater than 0.5mA/m larger ion wind to produce, but when current value reaches 1A, to have Spark Discharges produces, thereby voltage across poles descends rapidly, and this moment, ion wind velocity was extremely faint even without ion wind.Affect the factor of voltage and current of ion wind air-flow accelerator except electrode shape, electrode material, corona electrode structural (positive corona or negative corona), also comprise temperature, pressure, humidity of the residing experimental situation of discharge gas etc., in addition, the solid particle of airborne suspension also can affect voltage or curent change.Therefore, be a direction of ion wind velocity characteristic to the research of air-flow accelerator internal electric field characteristic.The uniformity coefficient of the electric current distribution of two interelectrode diverse locations has obvious impact to the conversion efficiency of air-flow accelerator, and the current density waveform on the collector electrode of research ion wind air-flow accelerator can carry out deep discussion to the ion wind characteristic.
Ion wind air-flow accelerator in the past with and electric wave density measurement device, have following limitation:
A, air-flow accelerator in the past adopt the discharge types such as line-cartridge type, line-board-like mostly, and discharge capability is low especially, and the wind speed of generation is smaller;
B, current density design is directly received on the collector electrode, test point is insufficient, measures accurate not;
C, measure certain any current value with indicator type current meter, and the cycle of curent change is often less than 1/10 second, so traditional indicator type current meter can't be measured current waveform (current waveform refers to the waveform in the current value formation of each test point of synchronization);
D, traditional indicator type current meter easily cause sparkover, electromagnetic interference when carrying out testing current, cause the electric current moment in the electric field to change, and the stability of ion wind velocity is impacted;
E, traditional testing apparatus do not arrange protective circuit, and ammeter easily is subject to surge and damages.
Therefore, how to provide a kind of discharge capability higher ion wind air-flow accelerator, and how to provide a kind of ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, avoid affecting in the test process electric field between electrode structure and the stability of ion wind velocity, thereby can record more accurately the current density of ion wind air-flow accelerator, be the technical problem that those skilled in the art need to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of ion wind air-flow accelerator, its discharge capability has incomparable superiority with respect to traditional discharge type; The present invention also provides a kind of ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, its test process is little to electric field undisturbed between electrode structure, electromagnetic interference, can keep electric field between electrode structure and the stability of ion wind velocity, thereby record more accurately the current density of ion wind air-flow accelerator.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of ion wind air-flow accelerator comprises the electrode structure that is made of corona discharge electrode and collector electrode, and described corona is needle point discharge type corona discharge electrode very.
Preferably, in above-mentioned ion wind air-flow accelerator, described collector electrode has metal mesh opening insulated from each other.
A kind of ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus comprises described ion wind air-flow accelerator, and the computer data acquisition system that is used for gathering the current density data on the described collector electrode.
Preferably, in above-mentioned ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, described computer data acquisition system comprises digital multimeter and computer, and described digital multimeter is measured the current density on the described collector electrode, and sends to described computer and show and record.
Preferably, in above-mentioned ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, described collector electrode has metal mesh opening insulated from each other, and described computer data acquisition system comprises that at least one gathers circuit, and every described collection circuit only is connected with a described metal mesh opening.
Preferably, in above-mentioned ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, described computer data acquisition system also comprises digital switch, and the signal in a plurality of described collection circuit that described digital switch records the same time is received in the described digital multimeter successively.
Preferably, in above-mentioned ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, described digital switch and described digital multimeter are placed in the PXI cabinet, and the main frame of described computer is connected to described PXI cabinet by cable and controls described digital switch and described digital multimeter.
Preferably, in above-mentioned ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, described PXI cabinet and described main frame are placed in the shielding cabinet of electric field shielding.
Preferably, in above-mentioned ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, also comprise the overvoltage crowbar that is arranged between described collector electrode and the described digital multimeter.
Preferably, in above-mentioned ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, described overvoltage crowbar forms the two-stage protection by piezo-resistance and gas discharge tube.
Can find out from above-mentioned technical scheme, in the ion wind air-flow accelerator that the embodiment of the invention provides, electrode structure adopts the form of needle point discharge, and discharge capability has incomparable superiority with respect to conventional discharge type.And, the ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus that the embodiment of the invention provides, little to electric field undisturbed between electrode structure, electromagnetic interference in its test process, can keep electric field between electrode structure and the stability of ion wind velocity, thereby record more accurately the current density of ion wind air-flow accelerator.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is that schematic diagram is divided in the zone between corona discharge electrode and the collector electrode;
Fig. 2 is the correlation between electrode structure in the ion wind air-flow accelerator, high voltage source and gas channel three parts;
The structural representation of the electrode structure that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of the ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus that Fig. 4 provides for the second embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation of the ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus that Fig. 5 provides for the third embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of ion wind air-flow accelerator, its discharge capability has incomparable superiority with respect to traditional discharge type; The present invention also provides a kind of ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, and its test process can keep electric field between electrode structure and the stability of ion wind velocity, thereby records more accurately the current density of ion wind air-flow accelerator.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
See also Fig. 1-Fig. 5, Fig. 1 is that schematic diagram is divided in the zone between corona discharge electrode and the collector electrode, Fig. 2 is the correlation between electrode structure in the ion wind air-flow accelerator, high voltage source and gas channel three parts, the structural representation of the electrode structure that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention, the structural representation of the ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus that the structural representation of the ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus that Fig. 4 provides for the second embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 5 provide for the third embodiment of the present invention.
The ion wind air-flow accelerator that first embodiment of the invention provides, comprise the electrode structure that is consisted of by corona discharge electrode 1 and collector electrode 2, and between corona discharge electrode 1 and collector electrode 2 high voltage source of high-pressure electricity, in order to guarantee the stability of test environment, also comprise electrode structure sealing gas channel 07 wherein, wherein, collector electrode 2 usefulness high voltage source bearings 11 support, and corona discharge electrode 1 is needle point discharge type corona discharge electrode.Electrode structure adopts the form of needle point discharge, and discharge capability is stronger, with respect to conventional discharge type incomparable superiority is arranged.
In the present embodiment, collector electrode 2 has metal mesh opening insulated from each other, and each metal mesh opening is respectively rectangular metal sheet.As seen, collector electrode 2 is divided into rectangular area insulated from each other one by one, when ion wind air-flow accelerator is carried out experimental study, only needs that the metal mesh opening on the collector electrode 2 is carried out data acquisition and gets final product, and has saved traditional pole plate dividing method.
Second embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus, this testing apparatus comprises above-mentioned ion wind air-flow accelerator, and the computer data acquisition system that is used for gathering the current density data on the collector electrode 2, this data acquisition system is by the current density data on the data collecting card collection collector electrode 2.
As a preferred version, as shown in Figure 4, in the dotted line frame on the left side suitable resistance is set, the current density that collects from collector electrode 2 is changed into the magnitude of voltage that is fit to the data acquisition system range by resistance, be that this test macro changes into voltage to electric current by resistance and measures, send to again that computer shows and record.
As a preferred version, this computer data acquisition system comprises digital multimeter 14 and computer, the current density on the digital multimeter 14 measuring set electrodes 2, and pass to Computer display and record.To the electric field undisturbed between electrode structure, and electromagnetic interference is little in its test process, can keep electric field between electrode structure and the stability of ion wind velocity, thereby records more accurately the current density of ion wind air-flow accelerator.
In order further to optimize technique scheme, in the present embodiment, collector electrode 2 has metal mesh opening insulated from each other, and each metal mesh opening is length and width is respectively 2cm rectangular metal sheet (such test area, can represent the typical electrical field characteristic of main flow ion wind air-flow accelerator internal electric field), in addition, computer data acquisition system comprises that at least one gathers circuit, and every described collection circuit only is connected with a described metal mesh opening, and namely single collection circuit and single metal mesh (being test point) connect one to one.
Based on the second embodiment provided by the invention, the present invention also provides the 3rd embodiment, namely when computer data acquisition system is carried out data acquisition to a plurality of metal mesh opening on the collector electrode 2, a plurality of collection circuits are then arranged, and each gathers circuit and is connected with each metal mesh opening respectively, measure respectively the current value in each rectangular metal mesh zone, saved traditional pole plate dividing method, measure easily and effectively the current density value in rectangular metal mesh zone.Simultaneously, computer data acquisition system also comprises digital switch 13, and it has the multichannel automatic switching function.Computer control digital switch 13, make the signal in its a plurality of collection circuits that same time is recorded, receive successively in the digital multimeter 14, it is the signal that a plurality of collection circuits of computer data acquisition system record respectively the current density that transmits at the metal mesh opening place corresponding with it at one time, and by digital switch 13 receptions, digital switch 13 selects one ground that the signal that receives is received in the digital multimeter 14 successively more automatically, and digital multimeter 14 is passed to Computer display and record again.
As seen, the present embodiment is in test process, not only little to electric field undisturbed, electromagnetic interference between electrode structure, and, based on computer data acquisition system and the programming of computer virtual instrument, its strong operability, sample rate is fast, can break through the defective of traditional test device, record the current density waveform of collector electrode 2, and then the characteristic of ion wind air-flow accelerator is carried out further theoretical and experimental study.
In order further to optimize technique scheme, in the present embodiment, digital switch 13 and digital multimeter 14 are placed on PXI(PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation, PCI expansion towards instrument system, wherein PCI refers to PCI, being Peripheral Component Interconnect) in the cabinet 7, the main frame 10 of computer is connected to PXI cabinet 7 by cable and comes control figure switch 13 and digital multimeter 14.In addition, in order to prevent external interference, also PXI cabinet 7 and main frame 10 are placed in the shielding cabinet 6 for electric field shielding.And the display 8 of computer is not for being subject to test the LCD(Liquid Crystal Display that electric field disturbs, liquid crystal display) display, LCD display and keyboard etc. is placed on the computer desk.Easy-to-connect in order to test adopts Quick connection part 9 at the circuit that connects each control cubicle.
In order further to optimize technique scheme, in the present embodiment, testing apparatus also comprises the overvoltage crowbar 5 that is arranged on the computer data acquisition system, and wherein, overvoltage crowbar 5 forms the two-stage protection by piezo-resistance and gas discharge tube.As a preferred version, as shown in Figure 5, from test point, i.e. metal mesh opening on the collector electrode 2, the wire of drawing is received on the overvoltage crowbar 5, and overvoltage crowbar 5 is concentrated and is placed in the control cubicle 4.
See also Fig. 4, in the dotted line frame on the left side resistance is set, the current density that collects from collector electrode 2 is changed into the magnitude of voltage that is fit to the data acquisition system range by resistance, namely this test macro changes into voltage to electric current by resistance and measures.Therefore, in the present embodiment, computer data acquisition system is the digital multimeter of NI DMM 4070 as adopting model, and it is 22 to the ultimate resolution of voltage, that is to say that error in reading is 1/2
22, less than 4,000,000/, this is the precision that traditional pointer instrument can not reach.In addition, model is the sample rate that the digital multimeter of NI DMM 4070 has maximum per second 1,800,000 times, can obtain exactly the time dependent current waveform of each test point.In conjunction with the waveform of high voltage source secondary voltage, can study corona discharge electrode 1 and the characteristic with collector electrode 2 formed electric fields of metal mesh opening again.In one embodiment, the rated voltage of high voltage source is 20KV, and maximum current is 5mA.Under the state of high voltage source power supply, electric field will be produced in the air between corona discharge electrode 1 and collector electrode 2, at this moment, Weak current will be produced between corona discharge electrode 1 and the collector electrode 2, test point on the collector electrode 2, namely the electric current of metal mesh opening is exactly the object of this experiment test.
Under the normal condition, each test point on each collector electrode 2 is gathered by data collecting card, by computer the data that gather is carried out record, by the software programming form it is shown.
In particular cases the air layer between corona discharge electrode 1 and the collector electrode 2 is breakdown, and the transient current of test point may increase to 5mA.By the enforcement of overvoltage crowbar 5, reduce the harm to the data collecting device.
Piezo-resistance conducting under 20V voltage, gas discharge tube punctures under 500V, reaches 5 seconds and data acquisition system can stand 840V.In test loop, add piezo-resistance and gas discharge tube and form the two-stage protection, with the generation that the prevents spark impact for data acquisition system.So measuring circuit is negligible on the impact of electric field flash-over characteristic, this is the prerequisite of test accuracy.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make this area professional and technical personnel can realize or use the present invention.Multiple modification to these embodiment will be apparent concerning those skilled in the art, and General Principle as defined herein can be in the situation that do not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention, in other embodiments realization.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. an ion wind air-flow accelerator comprises the electrode structure that is made of corona discharge electrode (1) and collector electrode (2), it is characterized in that, described corona discharge electrode (1) is needle point discharge type corona discharge electrode.
2. ion wind air-flow accelerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described collector electrode (2) has metal mesh opening insulated from each other.
3. an ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus is characterized in that, comprises ion wind air-flow accelerator as claimed in claim 1, and the computer data acquisition system that is used for gathering the current density data on the described collector electrode (2).
4. ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described computer data acquisition system comprises digital multimeter (14) and computer, described digital multimeter (14) is measured the current density on the described collector electrode (2), and sends to described computer and show and record.
5. ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described collector electrode (2) has metal mesh opening insulated from each other, described computer data acquisition system comprises that at least one gathers circuit, and every described collection circuit only is connected with a described metal mesh opening.
6. ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described computer data acquisition system also comprises digital switch (13), signal in a plurality of described collection circuit that described digital switch (13) records the same time is received in the described digital multimeter (14) successively.
7. ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described digital switch (13) and described digital multimeter (14) are placed in the PXI cabinet (7), and the main frame of described computer (10) is connected to described PXI cabinet (7) by cable and controls described digital switch (13) and described digital multimeter (14).
8. ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described PXI cabinet (7) and described main frame (10) are placed in the shielding cabinet (6) of electric field shielding.
9. ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that, also comprises the overvoltage crowbar (5) that is arranged between described collector electrode (2) and the described digital multimeter (14).
10. ion wind air-flow accelerator current density testing apparatus according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described overvoltage crowbar (5) forms the two-stage protection by piezo-resistance and gas discharge tube.
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| CN114200194A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司昆明供电局 | Overvoltage on-line monitoring device for medium-voltage insulated line |
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