CN102856009B - Continuous semisolid extrusion forming method for preparing high-strength aluminum alloy lead - Google Patents
Continuous semisolid extrusion forming method for preparing high-strength aluminum alloy lead Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous semisolid extrusion forming method for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy lead. The method comprises the steps as follows: 1, preparing and melting Al-Zr-Sc-Er alloy; 2, adding a deslagging agent to the alloy melt when the alloy liquid is at 700 DEG C so as to deslag and degas; standing the melt at 700 DEG C for 20 minutes, and then slagging off; pouring nitrogen into a melting furnace for refining for 30 minutes along with pressure of 1 to 1.515MPa and flow rate of 1 to 4L/min; 3, transferring the refined alloy melt into a tundish for preserving heat at 700 DEG C; 4, pouring the molten alloy from the tundish into a vibrating cooling inclination plate at 670 to 700 DEG C, wherein the molten alloy is formed to be semisolid metal size after passing the vibrating cooling inclination plate; and 5, pouring the prepared semisolid metal size into a continuous semisolid extruding machine, thus obtaining the high-strength aluminum alloy lead with diameter of 2 to 15mm. The continuous semisolid extrusion forming method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being short in process, energy-saving and environment-friendly, high in processing efficiency, high in product quality, and easy to achieve industrialization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of nonferrous metal processing, particularly relate to a kind of continuous semisolid extrusion forming method of preparing high strength alumin ium alloy wire.
Background technology
Electric power in national economy in basis and strategic position.China is electric power big country, but electrical circuitry equipment manufacturing industry is very unbecoming with it.Overhead power transmission conducting wire, as the carrier transmitting electric power, occupies very consequence in transmission line.Fast development along with national economy, significantly soaring to the demand of electric power, the particularly strategical reajustment of the strategy implementation of development of the West Regions and State Grid's development, the continuous extension of Three Gorges power transmission engineering circuit, transferring electricity from the west to the east, north and south intercommunication, national network, new line transmission line capability constantly increase, old circuit capacity-increasing transformation increases considerably aluminum conductor demand, potential market is huge, and high strong aluminum conductor has more wide market.Overhead power transmission conducting wire requires to have good conductivity, and has higher intensity to support deadweight, wind load and ice load etc.The many high mountain gorges of China, on large span high pressure overhead power line, using maximum is steel core aluminum alloy stranded wire, and this wire production technology falls behind, and wire heat resistance, resistance to corrosion are relatively poor, and the transmission line capability of circuit is subject to certain limitation.Along with the fast development of economic technology, adopt high strength heat resistant alloy twisted wire to replace steel core aluminum alloy stranded wire to be subject to international common concern.The production of current domestic high strength alumin ium alloy twisted wire and application are also in the starting stage, high strength alumin ium alloy conductor material still needs import, thus the high strength alumin ium alloy wire new material of developing low-cost and technology of preparing significant to the development of power industry and even national economy.
At present, West Europe, Northern Europe, North America, Japan and other countries extensively adopt all aluminium alloy twisted wire, and France is up to more than 80%.On producing, all aluminum alloy conductor realized standardization abroad, as American Standard of Testing Materials ASTM (ASTM399-81,53% IACS, Rm295～304MPa), British Standard BS (BS3242-1970,53%IACS, Rm295 MPa), German standard DIN (DIN48201-6,55%IACS, Rm279 MPa), French Standard NF (NFC34-125,53%IACS, and IEC IEC etc. Rm330 MPa).There is larger gap with also comparing abroad in domestic production technique, all aluminum alloy conductor application percentage is not enough all aerial condutors 5%.Current domestic aluminium alloy conductor performance is undesirable, exists following problem to need to solve: 1. the mechanical property of aluminium alloy conductor and electric conductivity often can not well be taken into account.Al-Mg-Si alloy lead wire intensity higher (300MPa), but conductance lower (52.5-55.0%IACS), and Al-Zr alloy lead wire equivalent conductivity high (can reach 60%IACS), but its intensity lower (225-245MPa).2. production technology is more single: the melting of aluminium alloy and purification, and---------quenching,---aluminium alloy wires stretching---twisted wire becomes cable in aluminium alloy rod solution treatment in aluminium alloy rod continuous casting and rolling.3. the research of high-strength temperature-resistant Al-Zr wire is still immature, and desired strength and electric conductivity reach respectively 295MPa and more than 60%IACS, be the important directions of aluminum conductor exploitation.
Summary of the invention
For as above problem, the present invention has developed a kind of continuous semisolid extrusion forming method of preparing high strength alumin ium alloy wire, has that short flow process, energy-conserving and environment-protective, working (machining) efficiency are high, a good quality of product, the easy advantage such as industrialization.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A continuous semisolid extrusion forming method of preparing high strength alumin ium alloy wire, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The first step, preparation and melting Al-Zr-Sc-Er alloy, purity is greater than to 99.9% fine aluminium in heating furnace after heat fused, when temperature is 680～720 ℃, in the melt of fusing, add Al-Zr, Al-Sc, Al-Er intermediate alloy, and stir, melt temperature is incubated 10～20min while being 680～720 ℃;
Second step adds deslagging agent when aluminium alloy temperature is 700 ℃ in alloy melt, the degasification that removes the gred, and melt is skimmed after 700 ℃ of standing 20min, and passes into argon gas refining 30min in melting furnace, and its pressure is 1～1.515MPa, and flow is 1～4L/min;
The 3rd step, the alloy melt after refining imports to tundish insulation in the time of 700 ℃;
The 4th step, aluminium alloy in tundish is injected on the cooling hang plate of vibration 670～700 ℃ time, the angle of inclination of setting hang plate is 20 °, hang plate length is 650mm, vibration frequency is 150～200Hz, hang plate cooling system cooling water flow is 1～10L/min, after the cooling hang plate of aluminium alloy by vibration, forms semi-solid metal slurry;
The 5th step, the semi-solid metal slurry of preparation is injected into continuous semisolid extruder, preparing diameter is the high strength alumin ium alloy wire of 2～15mm, and while preparing aluminium alloy conductor, semisolid continuous extruder compression roller rotating speed is 20～50m/min, and in compression roller, cooling water flow is 50～60L/min.
As preferably, in described Al-Zr-Sc-Er alloy, the mass fraction of each composition is: Zr 0.01%～2.00%, and Sc 0.01%～3.00%, and Er 0.01%～3.00%, and surplus is Al, and impurity content is lower than 0.03%.
As preferably, the deslagging agent adding in described step 2 is the C that accounts for melt quality mark 1%
2cl
6.
First the present invention carries out design of alloy and alloy melting, then the aluminium alloy of melting is injected on the cooling hang plate of vibration, aluminium alloy forms semi-solid metal slurry after flowing through the cooling hang plate of vibration, afterwards the semi-solid metal slurry of preparation is injected into continuous semisolid extruder, by the continuously extruded high strength alumin ium alloy wire of preparing of semisolid.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention has designed a kind of novel alloy composition, improves mechanical property and the electric conductivity of aluminum conductor by adding intensified element;
2, the present invention will vibrate cooling hang plate and prepare semi-solid metal slurry and organically combine with continuous semisolid extruding, realized and vibrated the direct continuously extruded shaping of semi-solid metal slurry prepared by cooling hang plate, this technology has realized the preparation of semi solid slurry and the integrated and serialization of the continuously extruded shaping of semisolid;
3, first the present invention carries out design of alloy and alloy melting, then the aluminium alloy of melting is injected on the cooling hang plate of vibration, aluminium alloy forms semi-solid metal slurry after flowing through the cooling hang plate of vibration, afterwards the semi-solid metal slurry of preparation is injected into continuous semisolid extruder, by the continuously extruded high strength alumin ium alloy wire of preparing of semisolid, have that short flow process, energy-conserving and environment-protective, working (machining) efficiency are high, a good quality of product, the easy advantage such as industrialization;
4, utilizing its mechanical property of high strength alumin ium alloy wire and wire performance prepared by this technology is 300～310MPa and 60～60.5%IACS, has reached international most advanced level.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the continuous semisolid extrusion molding apparatus schematic diagram that the present invention prepares high strength alumin ium alloy wire;
Fig. 2 is extrusion die schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is high strength alumin ium alloy wire and interior tissue thereof prepared by the present invention.
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, the continuous semisolid extrusion molding apparatus of preparing high strength alumin ium alloy wire comprises smelting furnace 1, tundish 2, Wave type inclined plate rheocasting device 3, hydraulic means 4, axle 5, compression roller 6, axle 7, set bolt 8, base 9, frame 10, extrusion die 11, press shoe 12, hydraulic means 13, devices for taking-up 14.Wave type inclined plate rheocasting device 3 mainly comprises cooling hang plate, vibrating mechanism, spring and frame, and cooling hang plate is waveform.Cooling hang plate is fixed in frame through spring, and the output of vibrating mechanism connects cooling hang plate.Vibrating mechanism adopts electromagnetic vibrator.Cooling hang plate (being hang plate cooling system) is hollow structure, and cooling water flows at hollow space by water inlet and delivery port, to hang plate, carries out cooling.
Extruder comprises hydraulic means 4, axle 5, compression roller 6, axle 7, set bolt 8, base 9, frame 10, extrusion die 11, press shoe 12 and hydraulic means 13.Extruder in embodiment is continuous semisolid extruder.Frame 10 is fixed on the ground by set bolt 8 and base 9.Compression roller 6 is fixed in frame 10 by axle 5.Press shoe 12 is fixed in frame 10 by axle 7, hydraulic means 4, hydraulic means 13.Hydraulic means 4 is fixed in frame 10.Hydraulic means 13 is fixed on base 9.Extrusion die 11 is arranged in press shoe 12.
In use, first carry out preparation and the melting of alloy, then the aluminium alloy of melting is injected on the cooling hang plate 3 of vibration, aluminium alloy flows through the rear formation semi-solid metal slurry of cooling hang plate 3 of vibration, afterwards the semi-solid metal slurry of preparation is injected into continuous semisolid extruder, by the continuously extruded high strength alumin ium alloy wire of preparing of semisolid.The present invention will vibrate cooling hang plate and prepare semi-solid metal slurry and semisolid extruder combination continuously, realize and vibrate the direct continuously extruded shaping of semi-solid metal slurry prepared by cooling hang plate.
Embodiment 1:
The first step, carries out Al-Zr-Sc-Er alloy designs and melting, take rafifinal (purity is greater than 99.9%) as basis, rafifinal is in heating furnace after heat fused, when temperature is 720 ℃, in the rafifinal melt of fusing, add Al-Zr, Al-Sc, Al-Er intermediate alloy, in alloy, the shared mass fraction of each composition is: Zr 0.01%, Sc 0.10%, Er 1.00%, and surplus is Al, and impurity content is lower than 0.03%, after adding intermediate alloy, melt is stirred, in the time of 700 ℃, be incubated 20min.
Second step, when aluminium alloy temperature is 700 ℃ to 1% the C that adds melt quality mark in alloy melt
2cl
6the degasification that removes the gred, melt is skimmed after 700 ℃ of standing 20min, and passes into argon gas refining 30min in melting furnace, and its pressure is 1MPa, and flow is 2L/min.
The 3rd step, the alloy melt after refining imports to tundish insulation in the time of 700 ℃.
The 4th step, by the aluminium alloy in tundish on 690 ℃ of cooling hang plates that are injected into vibration, the angle of inclination of setting hang plate is 20 °, hang plate length is 650mm, vibration frequency is 150～200Hz, hang plate cooling system cooling water flow is 2L/min, after the cooling hang plate of aluminium alloy by vibration, forms semi-solid metal slurry.
The 5th step, the semi-solid metal slurry of preparation is injected into continuous semisolid extruder, preparing diameter is the high strength alumin ium alloy wire of 5mm, and while preparing aluminium alloy conductor, semisolid continuous extruder compression roller rotating speed is 40m/min, and in compression roller, cooling water flow is 50L/min.The mechanical property of this high strength alumin ium alloy wire and wire performance are respectively 300MPa and 60%IACS.
Embodiment 2:
The first step, preparation and melting Al-Zr-Sc-Er alloy, be greater than 99.9% fine aluminium in heating furnace after heat fused, when temperature is 720 ℃ by purity, in the rafifinal melt of fusing, add Al-Zr, Al-Sc, Al-Er intermediate alloy, in alloy, the shared mass fraction of each composition is: Zr 2.00%, and Sc 0.01%, and Er 0.01%, surplus is Al, impurity content is lower than 0.03%, melt stirred after adding intermediate alloy, is incubated 20min in the time of 700 ℃.
Second step, when aluminium alloy temperature is 700 ℃ to 1% the C that adds melt quality mark in alloy melt
2cl
6the degasification that removes the gred, melt is skimmed after 700 ℃ of standing 20min, and passes into argon gas refining 30min in melting furnace, and its pressure is 1MPa, and flow is 2L/min.
The 3rd step, the alloy melt after refining imports to tundish insulation in the time of 700 ℃.
The 4th step, by the aluminium alloy in tundish on 690 ℃ of cooling hang plates that are injected into vibration, the angle of inclination of setting hang plate is 20 °, hang plate length is 650mm, vibration frequency is 200Hz, hang plate cooling system cooling water flow is 1L/min, after the cooling hang plate of aluminium alloy by vibration, forms semi-solid metal slurry.
The 5th step, the semi-solid metal slurry of preparation is injected into continuous semisolid extruder, preparing diameter is the high strength alumin ium alloy wire of 2mm, and while preparing aluminium alloy conductor, semisolid continuous extruder compression roller rotating speed is 50m/min, and in compression roller, cooling water flow is 60L/min.The mechanical property of this high strength alumin ium alloy wire and wire performance are respectively 310MPa and 60.2%IACS.
Embodiment 3:
The first step, preparation and melting Al-Zr-Sc-Er alloy, be greater than 99.9% fine aluminium in heating furnace after heat fused, when temperature is 720 ℃ by purity, in the rafifinal melt of fusing, add Al-Zr, Al-Sc, Al-Er intermediate alloy, in alloy, the shared mass fraction of each composition is: Zr 1.00%, and Sc 2.00%, and Er 1.50%, surplus is Al, impurity content is lower than 0.03%, melt stirred after adding intermediate alloy, is incubated 20min in the time of 700 ℃.
Second step, when aluminium alloy temperature is 700 ℃ to 1% the C that adds melt quality mark in alloy melt
2cl
6the degasification that removes the gred, melt is skimmed after 700 ℃ of standing 20min, and passes into argon gas refining 30min in melting furnace, and its pressure is 1.1MPa, and flow is 1.8L/min.
The 3rd step, the alloy melt after refining imports to tundish insulation in the time of 700 ℃.
The 4th step, by the aluminium alloy in tundish on 690 ℃ of cooling hang plates that are injected into vibration, the angle of inclination of setting hang plate is 20 °, hang plate length is 650mm, vibration frequency is 150Hz, hang plate cooling system cooling water flow is 10L/min, after the cooling hang plate of aluminium alloy by vibration, forms semi-solid metal slurry.
The 5th step, the semi-solid metal slurry of preparation is injected into continuous semisolid extruder, preparing diameter is the high strength alumin ium alloy wire of 15mm, and while preparing aluminium alloy conductor, semisolid continuous extruder compression roller rotating speed is 20m/min, and in compression roller, cooling water flow is 50L/min.The mechanical property of this high strength alumin ium alloy wire and wire performance are respectively 310MPa and 60.5%IACS.
Embodiment 4:
The first step, preparation and melting Al-Zr-Sc-Er alloy, be greater than 99.9% fine aluminium in heating furnace after heat fused, when temperature is 720 ℃ by purity, in the rafifinal melt of fusing, add Al-Zr, Al-Sc, Al-Er intermediate alloy, in alloy, the shared mass fraction of each composition is: Zr 0.05%, and Sc 3.00%, and Er 0.06%, surplus is Al, impurity content is lower than 0.03%, melt stirred after adding intermediate alloy, is incubated 20min in the time of 700 ℃.
Second step, when aluminium alloy temperature is 700 ℃ to 1% the C that adds melt quality mark in alloy melt
2cl
6the degasification that removes the gred, melt is skimmed after 700 ℃ of standing 20min, and passes into argon gas refining 30min in melting furnace, and its pressure is 1MPa, and flow is 2L/min.
The 3rd step, the alloy melt after refining imports to tundish insulation in the time of 700 ℃.
The 4th step, by the aluminium alloy in tundish on 690 ℃ of cooling hang plates that are injected into vibration, the angle of inclination of setting hang plate is 20 °, hang plate length is 650mm, vibration frequency is 200Hz, hang plate cooling system cooling water flow is 2L/min, after the cooling hang plate of aluminium alloy by vibration, forms semi-solid metal slurry.
The 5th step, the semi-solid metal slurry of preparation is injected into continuous semisolid extruder, preparing diameter is the high strength alumin ium alloy wire of 3mm, and while preparing aluminium alloy conductor, semisolid continuous extruder compression roller rotating speed is 50m/min, and in compression roller, cooling water flow is 60L/min.The mechanical property of this high strength alumin ium alloy wire and wire performance are respectively 305MPa and 60.2%IACS.
Finally explanation is, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, other modifications that those of ordinary skills make technical scheme of the present invention or be equal to replacement, only otherwise depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a continuous semisolid extrusion forming method of preparing high strength alumin ium alloy wire, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The first step, preparation and melting Al-Zr-Sc-Er alloy, purity is greater than to 99.9% fine aluminium in heating furnace after heat fused, when temperature is 680～720 ℃, in the melt of fusing, add Al-Zr, Al-Sc, Al-Er intermediate alloy, and stir, melt temperature is incubated 10～20min while being 680～720 ℃;
Second step adds deslagging agent when aluminium alloy temperature is 700 ℃ in alloy melt, the degasification that removes the gred, and melt is skimmed after 700 ℃ of standing 20min, and passes into argon gas refining 30min in melting furnace, and its pressure is 1～1.515MPa, and flow is 1～4L/min;
The 3rd step, the alloy melt after refining imports to tundish insulation in the time of 700 ℃;
The 4th step, aluminium alloy in tundish is injected on the cooling hang plate of vibration 670～700 ℃ time, the angle of inclination of setting hang plate is 20 °, hang plate length is 650mm, vibration frequency is 150～200Hz, hang plate cooling system cooling water flow is 1～10L/min, after the cooling hang plate of aluminium alloy by vibration, forms semi-solid metal slurry;
The 5th step, the semi-solid metal slurry of preparation is injected into continuous semisolid extruder, preparing diameter is the high strength alumin ium alloy wire of 2～15mm, and while preparing aluminium alloy conductor, semisolid continuous extruder compression roller rotating speed is 20～50m/min, and in compression roller, cooling water flow is 50～60L/min; Its mechanical property of high strength alumin ium alloy wire and wire performance are 300～310MPa and 60～60.5%IACS.
2. a kind of continuous semisolid extrusion forming method of preparing high strength alumin ium alloy wire according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described Al-Zr-Sc-Er alloy, the mass fraction of each composition is: Zr 0.01%～2.00%, Sc 0.01%～3.00%, Er 0.01%～3.00%, surplus is Al, and impurity content is lower than 0.03%.
3. a kind of continuous semisolid extrusion forming method of preparing high strength alumin ium alloy wire according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the deslagging agent adding in described step 2 is the C that accounts for melt quality mark 1%
2cl
6.
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| CN104096815B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2015-12-30 | 南昌大学 | A kind of semi-solid processing integrated system |
| CN105609155B (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2018-01-19 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of high-conductivity hard aluminum wire monofilament and preparation method thereof |
| CN105127392B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-03-22 | 珠海市润星泰电器有限公司 | Semisolid extrusion die-casting method |
| CN105483455B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-08-25 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of Al Sc Zr Er aluminum alloy high-strength height leads the Technology for Heating Processing of state |
| CN105834432B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-08-25 | 江苏东方宝泰科技有限公司 | A kind of production equipment of aluminum composite plate |
| CN108435815A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-08-24 | 宿迁学院 | A kind of continuously extruded building mortion of semisolid and forming method thereof |
| CN108447624B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2024-01-12 | 沈阳北方艾克电缆有限公司 | Cable cold extrusion diameter reduction forming system and cable cold extrusion diameter reduction forming method |
| CN110000236A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-12 | 浙江中大元通特种电缆有限公司 | A kind of preparation process and its resistance heating line of resistance heating line |
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| CN113134580B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-05-20 | 兰州理工大学 | Preparation method and preparation device of metal semi-solid non-dendritic crystal slurry |
| CN114752745B (en) * | 2022-04-16 | 2023-12-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of high-performance ternary aluminum-zirconium alloy conducting rod |
| CN117020172A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-11-10 | 佛山鑫信汇科技有限公司 | Continuous forming method and production system for long-length nonferrous metal products |
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| CN101948971A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 安徽亚南电缆厂 | Heat-resistant aluminum-alloy conductor material for cables and manufacture method thereof |
| EP2333123A2 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-06-15 | United Technologies Corporation | Hot and cold rolling high strength L12 aluminium alloys |
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| EP2333123A2 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-06-15 | United Technologies Corporation | Hot and cold rolling high strength L12 aluminium alloys |
| CN101948971A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 安徽亚南电缆厂 | Heat-resistant aluminum-alloy conductor material for cables and manufacture method thereof |
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