CN1028438C - Electroslag remelting technique for controlling low aluminium - Google Patents
Electroslag remelting technique for controlling low aluminium Download PDFInfo
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- CN1028438C CN1028438C CN 90102919 CN90102919A CN1028438C CN 1028438 C CN1028438 C CN 1028438C CN 90102919 CN90102919 CN 90102919 CN 90102919 A CN90102919 A CN 90102919A CN 1028438 C CN1028438 C CN 1028438C
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- slag
- electroslag
- deoxidation
- aluminium
- electroslag remelting
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to technology for smelting steel by an electroslag remelting method, which aims to solve the problem of controlling low aluminum (Al is equal to or lower than 0.010%) when metallic material of high grade and quality is produced by the electroslag remelting method. The present invention has the main technical characteristic that a specified slag system is adopted and is matched with a slag deoxidation system (no deoxidation is carried out if necessary) to guarantee aluminum in melted electroslag metal be lower than or equal to 0.010%; simultaneously, the electroslag metal contains low oxygen, sulfur and hydrogen. The present invention is suitable for the electroslag remelting of all electroslag metal with the requirement of low aluminum such as turbine rotor steel for nuclear power, steel for high temperature and pressure container, gun steel, refractory steel, high temperature alloy, etc. The present invention can be used for general electroslag furnaces as well as ultra-large electroslag furnaces.
Description
The present invention relates to the general method of metal esr, be the Technology of a kind of esr process steel-making, the slag system of this technology by regulation and the low-aluminum-content (referring to Al≤0.010%) when being aided with suitable deoxidation system and producing senior high-test metal material in order to obtain esr process
Aluminium makes steam turbine rotor steel, gun-steel, Refractory Steel and superalloy etc. to aluminium content strict restriction be arranged to the detrimentally affect of creep strength and fracture toughness property, does not generally allow to surpass 0.010%.Aluminium is as a kind of residual element in the metallic substance, and its content all surpasses 0.010%, mostly about 0.050%.Adopt general electroslag remelting technique, remaining aluminium in consumable electrode is lower, especially be lower than at 0.010% o'clock, even do not add in the reflow process and contain aluminium deoxidizer, owing to contain 10% aluminium at least in the slag, metal pool also increases aluminium, and is also like this under the situation of silicon, a large amount of oxidations of manganese isoreactivity element; When the aluminium in the consumable electrode is higher, it can not be dropped to below 0.010% again in the reflow process, even FeO content in the raising slag, aluminium also is difficult for oxidation to be reduced, on the contrary the serious scaling loss of alloying element such as silicon, manganese is consequently out of frame, oxygen level rises, and desulfurization degree descends, and causes the metallurgical quality of seasoning metal bad.
Foreign patent and documents and materials are found two esr patents that relate to low aluminium control by retrieval, and one is French Patent FR2460334, and one is U.S. Pat 4184869.The former is when adopting slag system remelting in 60: 20: 20, makes the slag deoxidation with one or more alkaline-earth metal such as Ca, Mg, Ba etc., with the aluminium in the acquisition seasoning metal below 0.010%.But, guarantee its reliability and efficient suitable difficulty arranged in implementation process in order to deoxidation because alkaline-earth metal light specific gravity, boiling point are low; Alkaline-earth metal is active, and oxidizing fire is very easily not only taken care of difficulty, and must with tinsel it be wrapped by e Foerderanlage in advance when using and add in the slag operation more complicated; Not only be difficult to parcel before alkaline-earth metal uses, in the encapsulation process and in the keeping process loss waste all bigger, deoxidation efficient is difficult to guarantee very high in addition, like this, the consumption of alkaline-earth metal is bigger, and alkaline-earth metal costs an arm and a leg, this is just very uneconomical.The latter is that United States Patent (USP) 4184869 is to make the suction hydrogen in the steel ingot and increase aluminium with acid slag and the not aluminiferous slag reductor of adding to be reduced to a minimum.The more complicated that the acid slag of this patent is formed is implemented control and is acquired a certain degree of difficulty; The slag charge of this patent is mainly by CaF
2, Al
2O
3With up to 10% MnO and SiO
2Mixture is formed, CaF
2With Al
2O
3Between ratio be ancient 70: 30, be 2.33: 1, well-known, the slag system fusing point was higher in 70: 30, although added a large amount of SiO
2And MnO, but the fusing point of slag still up to 1484 ℃ about, this is disadvantageous to remelting refining and technological operation obviously; Slag charge divides two portions to add during slag making, is only permitted to add a part, i.e. SiO when remelting begins
2And MnO, add the second section slag charge again after making the partial melting that adds earlier, i.e. CaF
2And Al
2O
3Therefore, slag making start-up course is more complicated also; Owing to added a large amount of SiO
2And MnO, the oxidisability of slag is strong, must carry out deoxidation in the reflow process; Reductor must be not aluminiferous reductor; And the reductor consumption is very big; A large amount of deoxidation resultants accumulates the rapid variation that will cause slag ingredient in slag; Esr is the metallurgical technology that makes full use of the slag characteristic, the acute variation of slag ingredient, great changes will take place thereupon will to cause the metallurgical property of slag and technological property, so the surface quality of ESR ingot, Composition Control and inner cleanliness factor and stripping all can be subjected to serious detrimentally affect; Particularly, acid slag makes the extremely strong desulfurization advantage forfeiture of esr, and this is very unfortunate thing.This patent only relates to and prevents that remelting from increasing aluminium, aluminium does not fall and relate to remelting, this just has strict restriction to the aluminium in the consumable electrode, promptly can not use aluminium content to be higher than 0.010% consumable electrode, is not higher than quite complexity and difficult of 0.010% consumable electrode and produce aluminium content.Therefore this patent has certain limitation on using.
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art and a kind of easy reliable, economical and effective, widely applicable is provided, can control low aluminium, can obtain the electroslag remelting technique of hypoxemia, low-sulfur, low hydrogen again simultaneously.
Feature of the present invention is by the slag system of regulation and is aided with direction, order and the limit of suitable deoxidation system (in case of necessity also can not deoxidation) with a series of metallurgical reactions in the control esr process, thereby obtains to hang down the high-quality electroslag metal of aluminium, hypoxemia, low-sulfur and low hydrogen.Its slag system is: CaO15～25%, Al
2O
317～27%, SiO
25～15%, all the other are mainly CaF
2CaO can be with lime or Wingdale, Al
2O
3Available white fused alumina or alundum, SiO
2Then use white quartz, CaF
2Use fluorite.All can outside the slagging method stove or in the stove.Can arbitrarily add slag charge during slag making, i.e. basis operating habit separately, or adding successively, or mix adding, or add, or once adding in batches.Change and the quality product requirement according to the working of a furnace in reflow process, whether decision needs deoxidation.If the remelting time is long, the accumulation of FeO surpasses 0.7% and quality product requires can carry out the deoxidation operation when higher in the slag.Reductor is selected for use a kind of with Ca-Si, Ca-Al, Al at least.Consumption changes between the 0.3-2.5kg/t seasoning metal according to FeO content height in different steel grades and the slag, is no more than 0.7% degree of being with FeO in the control slag.Reductor is directly added in the slag, or once be interrupted adding in manual per 5～15 minutes, or machinery adds continuously.Short when the remelting time, the accumulation of FeO surpasses at 0.7% o'clock in the slag, though perhaps in the slag FeO higher, when quality product requires to allow, then needn't deoxidation, only need get final product with above-mentioned slag system remelting.
Four embodiment below by different situations further introduce the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the 6.5t steam turbine rotor steel ESR ingot (3OCr/Mo/V) that adopted remelting of the present invention.Aluminium in the consumable electrode and sulphur are extremely low, are 0.006%.The slag system composition is mainly: CaO18%, Al
2O
320%, SiO
27%, CaF
2Surplus.Be slag charge with lime, alundum, quartz sand and fluorite respectively.Slag making in the stove, the disposable adding of slag charge.The dark 280mm(electrode diameter of slag 400mm).In the reflow process, the slag temperature is 1630～1700 ℃, and with the deoxidation of Ca-Al alloy, consumption is the 1.0kg/t steel, and artificial the interruption adds, and adds once in per 15 minutes, and FeO content remains at 0.28～0.35% scope in the slag.In the ESR ingot: Al-0.003-0.004%, O=17～22ppm, S=11ppm, H=4ppm.The remelting desulfurization degree is 81.7%.Silicon, manganese burn out rate are respectively 11.4% and 5.9%.
Embodiment 2: adopt the remelting of high alumina (0.050%) electrode the 4.5t nuclear power with steel ESR ingot (20MnMoNi55).The slag system composition is mainly: CaO15%, Al
2O
318%, SiO
28%, CaF
2Surplus.CaO is with Wingdale, Al
2O
3With the white fused alumina is slag charge, and other slag charges are with embodiment 1.Slag making in the stove, slag charge add in batches successively.The dark 240mm(electrode diameter of slag 340mm).Do not carry out deoxidation in the reflow process.In the ESR ingot: Al=0.009%, O=20ppm, S=15ppm.
Embodiment 3: accompanying drawing 1 is aluminium in the metal pool in the present embodiment and the oxygen change curve with remelting time and electrode aluminum content, " O " is the different aluminum content of electrode among the figure, " " is the change curve of aluminium content in the molten bath, " ▲ " is the change curve of the oxygen in the molten bath, what ordinate was represented is weight percent, and abscissa is the remelting percentage of time.Generator amature steel (the 26Cr that adopted the invention process in the Zui Da 200t electroslag furnace in the world
2Ni
4Mo V) remelting of ESR ingot (the heavy 90t of ingot).Totally 21 at electrode (Φ 500mm, every heavy 4.5t) has the different aluminium content of height.The slag system composition is mainly: CaO24%, Al
2O
323%, SiO
210%, CaF
2Surplus.Slag charge kind, slagging method and add the slag method all with embodiment 2.The dark 300mm of slag.In the reflow process, the slag temperature is 1600-1670 ℃, uses Ca-Al and the deoxidation of Ca-Si alloy respectively, respectively accounts for smelting period half.Consumption is the 1.3kg/t steel, and artificial the interruption adds, and adds once in per 5 minutes, and the FeO content of being controlled is 0.27～0.36% in the remelting whole process.In the ESR ingot: Al=0.006～0.007%, O=22～28ppm, S=20～25ppm, its changing conditions is seen Fig. 1.H in the ESR ingot is 2.3ppm.
Embodiment 4: remelting high temperature and high pressure containers with steel (2(1/4) Cr-1Mo) ESR ingot (the heavy 120t of ingot).Aluminium in the electrode is 0.009%.The slag system composition is mainly CaO21%, Al
2O
327%, SiO
25%, CaF
2Surplus.Use aluminium deoxidation, consumption is the 1.8kg/t steel.In addition, other conditions and working method are with embodiment 3.In the reflow process, be always 0.20～0.32% by FeO in the dexidizing slag.In the ESR ingot: Al=0.009%, O=31ppm, S=20ppm, H=1.9ppm.
The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology:
1. the present invention adopts basic slag system, and fusing point is lower, and only about 1200, this has just determined slag to have good metallurgical property and technological property.
2. low aluminium control of the present invention is irrelevant with remaining aluminium content and variation thereof in the electrode, and with the electrode remelting that contains aluminium 0.005～0.050%, the aluminium in the metal pool can both guarantee to be no more than 0.010%.Promptly when usefulness is hanged down the remelting of aluminium electrode, can control of the pollution of the aluminium in various sources, accomplish not increase aluminium seasoning metal; When the remaining aluminium in the electrode is higher than 0.010%, can guarantee the aluminium in the seasoning metal is dropped to below 0.010% the scaling loss of silicon, the manganese isoreactivity element control of getting back simultaneously.
3. adopt the present invention to produce low aluminium electroslag metal, can obtain low oxygen level simultaneously again.
4. the present invention has strengthened the desulfurization advantage of esr, adopts the present invention can obtain super low sulfur (the electroslag metal of S≤20ppm).
5. the present invention has the effect that hydrogen is inhaled in remelting that suppresses, and adopts the present invention can obtain low hydrogen electroslag metal.
6. the FeO minimizing has nothing to do in low aluminium control of the present invention and reductor kind, reductor adding method, the slag, and therefore, reductor can use cheap alloy and need not to use expensive pure metal, and the control of adding method and FeO is all very simple.
7. CaF in low aluminium control of the present invention and the slag
2Content and slagging method are irrelevant, and this brings great convenience just for the preparation of slag system and slag making operation.
8. the present invention has practicality widely.High temperature creep and stress crack are had the product of strict demand, and with steel, high temperature and high pressure containers steel, gun-steel, superalloy and Refractory Steel etc. all can adopt production of the present invention such as large-capacity steam turbine machine rotor, nuclear power.Implemented 2 years on the maximum in the world 200t electroslag furnace of the present invention, be applied to the batch process of 300MW turbine rotor ESR ingot, the result shows that a large amount of samplings of metal pool are consistent with rotor forging total length analytical results height in the reflow process; Al=0.006～0.008%, O≤30ppmS＜20ppm, H＜2ppm, and favorable reproducibility.In 6.5t and 4.5t ESR ingot, also obtain and above-mentioned consistent result with the different steel grades of remelting of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of electroslag remelting technique of controlling low aluminium carries out melting with general electroslag furnace and electroslag remelting process, reaches aluminium content ≯ 0.010% in the electroslag metal of melting, it is characterized in that slag system consists of: CaO15～25%, Al
2O
317～27%, SiO
25～15%, all the other are mainly CaF
2In the reflow process, when FeO in the slag＞0.7%,, in other cases, then do not carry out deoxidation by slag deoxidation control FeO ≯ 0.7%.
2, the electroslag remelting technique of the low aluminium of control according to claim 1, wherein said slag system is characterized in that SiO
2Adopt white quartz, Al
2O
3Adopt white fused alumina or alundum, CaO adopts lime or lime masonry slag charge.
3, the electroslag remelting technique of the low aluminium of control according to claim 1, wherein said deoxidation, it is characterized in that selecting for use Ca-Al alloy, Ca-Si alloy, metal A l at least a as reductor, consumption is 0.3～2.5kg/t seasoning metal, in the reflow process reductor is added in the slag successively, adopt machinery to add continuously or once be interrupted in artificial per 5～15 minutes to add.
4, the electroslag remelting technique of the low aluminium of control according to claim 1, wherein said not deoxidation is when is characterized in that reflow process is worked as FeO in the slag ≯ 0.7%, then need not deoxidation, perhaps under the situation that quality product requires to allow,, also can not carry out deoxidation even FeO content surpasses 0.7%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90102919 CN1028438C (en) | 1990-08-20 | 1990-08-20 | Electroslag remelting technique for controlling low aluminium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90102919 CN1028438C (en) | 1990-08-20 | 1990-08-20 | Electroslag remelting technique for controlling low aluminium |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1059371A CN1059371A (en) | 1992-03-11 |
| CN1028438C true CN1028438C (en) | 1995-05-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90102919 Expired - Fee Related CN1028438C (en) | 1990-08-20 | 1990-08-20 | Electroslag remelting technique for controlling low aluminium |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102304624A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2012-01-04 | 辽宁天和科技股份有限公司 | Remelting slag for electroslag remelting plate blank and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN102794438B (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-01-22 | 浙江电渣核材有限公司 | Low hydrogen control method for electroslag remelting |
| CN103468965B (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-04-15 | 安徽工业大学 | Preparation method for electro-slag remelting refining slag efficiently utilizing return slag |
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| CN105238935B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2018-01-02 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | A kind of electroslag remelting slag system |
| CN105945260A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-09-21 | 浙江电渣核材有限公司 | Electroslag remelting method for producing large steel ingots by plurality of small furnaces |
| CN111621647A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-09-04 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Smelting process for controlling aluminum increase at tail end of electroslag ingot in electroslag remelting process |
| CN112458304A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-09 | 抚顺特殊钢股份有限公司 | Electroslag remelting slag system for smelting ultra-low-carbon low-aluminum high-titanium maraging steel |
| CN113444892A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-28 | 石钢京诚装备技术有限公司 | Electroslag remelting production method of high-silicon steel |
| CN114737023A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-07-12 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Slag system for preparing low-silicon, low-aluminum and boron-containing steel electroslag steel ingot and smelting method |
| CN115637379B (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2024-04-09 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | High-carbon alloy and preparation method thereof |
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1990
- 1990-08-20 CN CN 90102919 patent/CN1028438C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102304624A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2012-01-04 | 辽宁天和科技股份有限公司 | Remelting slag for electroslag remelting plate blank and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1059371A (en) | 1992-03-11 |
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