CN102841368A - Method and system for measuring relation curve between charge number collected by gas nuclear radiation detector and applied voltage - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring relation curve between charge number collected by gas nuclear radiation detector and applied voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN102841368A CN102841368A CN201210320771XA CN201210320771A CN102841368A CN 102841368 A CN102841368 A CN 102841368A CN 201210320771X A CN201210320771X A CN 201210320771XA CN 201210320771 A CN201210320771 A CN 201210320771A CN 102841368 A CN102841368 A CN 102841368A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear radiation measurement and particularly relates to a method and system for measuring a relation curve between a charge number collected by a gas nuclear radiation detector and an applied voltage. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, determining a main amplifier time coefficient, and then measuring the relation curve between the charge number collected by the gas nuclear radiation detector and the applied voltage under the time coefficient, wherein the detector type can be judged or checked and the gas gain range can be estimated according to the measured relation curve. According to the invention, the most significant characteristic energy peak generated by the same deposition energy in the detector is used as the measurement basis, so that the interference of other deposition energies is avoided; and the relation curve between the collected charge number and the applied voltage is expanded to fields of gas neutron detectors and radiation sources capable of emitting different energy beta particles.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the nuclear radiation measurement technical field, be specifically related to a kind of charge number of gas core radiation detector collection and the relation curve measuring method and the system of impressed voltage.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, gas core radiation detector inside is filled with gas, and two electrodes are set on detector, and making alive forms electric field in the gas space on the electrode.When the nuclear radiation particle passes through gas, make gas molecule ionization, on the path of passing through, generate a large amount of ion pair---electronics and positive ion.Electronics, positive ion drift about to the two poles of the earth under electric field action.Detector is surveyed nuclear radiation through collecting these drift electric charges.There are certain relation in charge number and the impressed voltage collected, and the charge number of collection and the relation curve of impressed voltage characterize this relation.The charge number of collecting and the relation curve of impressed voltage are the foundations of judging or verify type photodetector, can estimate gas gain scope (one of most important performance parameter of detector) according to this curve.Electric current instrumentation current methods is traditional curved measurement method, and measurement mechanism is as shown in Figure 1, and the curve of measuring gained is also referred to as voltage-current curve.The charge number of complete collection and the relation curve of impressed voltage are as shown in Figure 2.Electric current instrumentation current methods requires radiation intensity invariable, and nuclear radiation particle sedimentary energy in detector is identical, and the quantity of electric charge of each nuclear radiation particle generation is identical like this.For nuclear radiation particles such as the α particle of monoenergetic, β particles, sedimentary energy is identical in detector.Radiation source for emission different-energy β particle because the nuclear radiation particle of different-energy sedimentary energy in detector is different, therefore can't use electric current instrumentation current methods to record relation curve.For the gas neutron detector, because wall effect, neutron sedimentary energy in detector is different, surveys the quantity of electric charge difference that different neutrons produce, and therefore can't use electric current instrumentation current methods to record relation curve.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to defective to prior art; A kind of charge number of gas core radiation detector collection and the relation curve measuring method and the system of impressed voltage are provided, can realize the radiation source of emission different-energy β particle and the measurement of gas neutron detector.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following: the charge number that a kind of gas core radiation detector is collected and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage comprise the steps:
(1) pulse amplitude spectrum that the main amplifier that is connected with nuclear radiation detector through the multichannel pulse scope-analyzer measurement is exported; Confirm the main amplifier time constant; The horizontal ordinate of said pulse amplitude spectrum is the road number of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, and ordinate is the counting of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer;
(2) under the main amplifier time constant of confirming, the plus high-pressure of the gas core radiation detector that has loaded radiation source is regulated from small to large, nuclear signal characteristic ability peak occurred up to pulse amplitude spectrum, the starting potential of high pressure at this moment as measurement;
(3) regulate the main amplifier enlargement factor pulse amplitude spectrum is transferred to suitable width; The corresponding road number of main amplifier output this moment maximum impulse is less than the main road number of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer and greater than 1/2 of the main road of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer number, record main amplifier enlargement factor k
iWith pulse height spectrum signature ability location, road, peak-to-peak position m
i
(4) with the starting potential be benchmark, high-tension cell one fixed width is regulated from small to large, (3) duplicate measurements process set by step under each high pressure;
(5) draw lg (m according to data measured
i/ k
i) with the curve that high pressure changes, be the charge number of collection and the relation curve of impressed voltage.
Further; The charge number that aforesaid gas core radiation detector is collected and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage; In the step (1); The method of described definite main amplifier time constant is: the plus high-pressure of nuclear radiation detector is transferred in the WV interval of estimation more arbitrarily, measure the pulse amplitude spectrum of the main amplifier output that is connected with nuclear radiation detector, little, the integration time constant of adjusting main amplifier through multichannel pulse scope-analyzer; The time constant that strobe pulse amplitude spectrum intermediate-resolution is high, resolution=main peak halfwidth/location, main peak road.
Further; The charge number that aforesaid gas core radiation detector is collected and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage; In the step (1); When regulating little, the integration time constant of main amplifier, use oscillograph to observe the shape of main amplifier output pulse, guarantee that its peak shape does not distort.
Further, the charge number that aforesaid gas core radiation detector is collected and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage in the step (1), under the identical situation of pulse amplitude spectrum intermediate-resolution, are selected relatively little time constant.
Further, the charge number that aforesaid gas core radiation detector is collected and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage, in the step (2), if a plurality of abilities peak appears in pulse amplitude spectrum, can the peak with the ability peak that peak position is the highest as described nuclear signal characteristic.
Further, the charge number that aforesaid gas core radiation detector is collected and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage, in the step (4), the fixed width of regulating high-tension cell is 50V or 100V.
The charge number that a kind of gas core radiation detector is collected and the relation curve measuring system of impressed voltage; Comprise that time constant confirms device and gas nuclear radiation detector pulse amplitude spectrum measurement mechanism; Wherein, Described time constant confirms that device comprises nuclear radiation detector, and nuclear radiation detector connects prime amplifier and main amplifier in order, and high-voltage power supply is transferred on the nuclear radiation detector through prime amplifier; Main amplifier is connected with oscillograph and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer connects computing machine; Described gas core radiation detector pulse amplitude spectrum measurement mechanism comprises the gas core radiation detector; The gas core radiation detector connects prime amplifier and main amplifier in order; High-voltage power supply is transferred on the gas core radiation detector through prime amplifier; Main amplifier is connected with multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer connects computing machine.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is following: the present invention is that the charge number of gas core radiation detector collection is carried out on the basis and the relation curve of impressed voltage is measured to measure pulse amplitude spectrum; The notable attribute that produces with same deposition energy in detector can the peak be a beasurement base; Avoided the interference of other sedimentary energies, the relation curve measurement of charge number of collecting and impressed voltage has been extended to the radiation source and the gas neutron detector field of emission different-energy β particle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is gas detector and voltage-current curve measurement mechanism synoptic diagram;
K-detector anode, C-detector negative electrode, W-insulator, A-galvanometer, V
0-voltage;
(a) V in
0Be negative high voltage, (b) middle V
0Be positive high voltage;
Fig. 2 is the charge number of collection and the relation curve synoptic diagram of impressed voltage;
Fig. 3 is a method flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 confirms time constant hardware configuration synoptic diagram for the pulse amplitude spectrum assay method;
Fig. 5 is the charge number of pulse height spectral method measurement collection and the relation curve hardware configuration synoptic diagram of impressed voltage;
Fig. 6 is the pulse amplitude spectrum synoptic diagram;
Fig. 7 is among the embodiment during impressed voltage 1150V
3He proportional counter tube pulse amplitude spectrum synoptic diagram;
(a) little, each 4 μ s (b) main amplifier integrations, 2 μ s of integration of main amplifier, differential 4 μ s
Fig. 8 is among the embodiment during impressed voltage 1350V
3He proportional counter tube pulse amplitude spectrum synoptic diagram;
Fig. 9 does
3The charge number that the He proportional counter tube is collected and the graph of relation of impressed voltage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is carried out detailed description.
The hardware configuration of the charge number that gas core radiation detector provided by the present invention is collected and the relation curve measuring system of impressed voltage comprises that time constant confirms device and gas nuclear radiation detector pulse amplitude spectrum measurement mechanism; Wherein, Described time constant confirms that the structure of device is as shown in Figure 4; Comprise nuclear radiation detector, nuclear radiation detector connects prime amplifier and main amplifier in order, and high-voltage power supply is transferred on the nuclear radiation detector through prime amplifier; Main amplifier is connected with oscillograph and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer connects computing machine.The structure of described gas core radiation detector pulse amplitude spectrum measurement mechanism is as shown in Figure 5; Comprise the gas core radiation detector; The gas core radiation detector connects prime amplifier and main amplifier in order; High-voltage power supply is transferred on the gas core radiation detector through prime amplifier, and main amplifier is connected with multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer connects computing machine.
As shown in Figure 3, the charge number that gas core radiation detector provided by the invention is collected and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage comprise the steps:
(1) pulse amplitude spectrum that the main amplifier that is connected with nuclear radiation detector through the multichannel pulse scope-analyzer measurement is exported; Confirm the main amplifier time constant; The horizontal ordinate of said pulse amplitude spectrum is the road number of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, and ordinate is the counting of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer.
Because it is too big that nuclear radiation detector WV interval of the same type can difference; The plus high-pressure of nuclear radiation detector is transferred in the WV interval of estimation more arbitrarily; Measure the pulse amplitude spectrum of the main amplifier output that is connected with nuclear radiation detector through multichannel pulse scope-analyzer; Regulate little, the integration time constant of main amplifier, the time constant that strobe pulse amplitude spectrum intermediate-resolution is high, resolution=main peak halfwidth/location, main peak road.During the pulse height spectrometry, also need use oscillograph to observe the shape of main amplifier output pulse, guarantee that distortion does not take place for it is Gauss's peak shape.To same nuclear radiation detector, because the big more main amplifier of time constant output pulse is wide more, the counting loss rate is high more, thus under identical pulse amplitude spectrum resolution prerequisite in order to reduce the counting loss rate, constant between selecting hour.
(2) under the main amplifier time constant of confirming; The plus high-pressure of the gas core radiation detector that has loaded radiation source is regulated from small to large; Nuclear signal characteristic ability peak appears up to pulse amplitude spectrum, and as shown in Figure 6, with the starting potential of high pressure at this moment as measurement; If a plurality of abilities peak appears in pulse amplitude spectrum, can the peak with the ability peak that peak position is the highest as described nuclear signal characteristic.
(3) regulate the main amplifier enlargement factor pulse amplitude spectrum is transferred to suitable width; The corresponding road number of main amplifier output this moment maximum impulse is less than the main road number of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer and greater than 1/2 of the main road of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer number, record main amplifier enlargement factor k
iWith pulse height spectrum signature ability location, road, peak-to-peak position m
i
(4) with the starting potential be benchmark, high-tension cell one fixed width is regulated from small to large, (3) duplicate measurements process set by step under each high pressure; The fixed width of regulating high-tension cell can be 50V or 100V.
(5) draw lg (m according to data measured
i/ k
i) with the curve that high pressure changes, be the charge number of collection and the relation curve of impressed voltage; According to the relation curve that records, contrast with Fig. 2, can judge or verify this type photodetector.Gas gain during with starting potential is decided to be 1, can calculate the gas gain scope according to measurement data.
Embodiment
Nuclear radiation detector uses
3The He proportional counter tube, radiation source uses
241The Am-Be isotope neutron source.Use the pulse amplitude spectrum assay method to confirm time constant, its hardware configuration is as shown in Figure 4.
3The He working voltage of proportional counter tube generally between 1000 to 1500V, during experiment, is incited somebody to action
3He proportional counter tube impressed voltage transfers to 1150V.Under this high pressure, pulse height spectral resolution height and main amplifier output do not distort, and minimum time constant is main amplifier integration 2 μ s, differential 4 μ s.Shown in Fig. 7 a, main amplifier is little, the pulse amplitude spectrum main peak generation splitting of each 4 μ s of integration, and effect characteristics can be confirmed the peak-to-peak position.
The charge number of measurement collection and the relation curve of impressed voltage under the time constant of main amplifier integration 2 μ s differential 4 μ s, hardware configuration is as shown in Figure 5, when recording impressed voltage 1350V
3He proportional counter tube pulse amplitude spectrum is as shown in Figure 8.
3The reaction equation of He and neutron generation nuclear reaction is:
n+
3He→
3H+
1H+0.764MeV
Reaction generates the energy of 764keV, all is converted into the kinetic energy of reaction product tritium and proton, and tritium and proton carry the energy of 191keV and 573keV respectively.The kinetic energy of tritium and proton all is deposited on the ability peak that produces in the detector
3The characteristic ability peak of He proportional counter tube pulse amplitude spectrum, as shown in Figure 8.Starting potential 250V; Because main amplifier enlargement factor lower limit (the minimum enlargement factor of main amplifier is 5); The final voltage of measuring is that 1500V (transfers under the minimum situation in the main amplifier enlargement factor; If increase high pressure again, characteristic ability peak will exceed the measurement range of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer).Record
3The charge number that the He proportional counter tube is collected and the relation curve of impressed voltage are as shown in Figure 9, according to the relation curve that records, contrast with Fig. 2, have verified that institute's survey detector is a proportional counter.Gas gain during with starting potential is decided to be 1, and the gas gain in the time of can calculating final voltage according to measurement data is 51.9.
The prime amplifier model QF07 that uses in the present embodiment, main amplifier model BH1218, multichannel pulse scope-analyzer model 2048, oscillograph model TDS2024.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, belong within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technology thereof if of the present invention these are revised with modification, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (7)
1. the charge number of a gas core radiation detector collection and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage comprise the steps:
(1) pulse amplitude spectrum that the main amplifier that is connected with nuclear radiation detector through the multichannel pulse scope-analyzer measurement is exported; Confirm the main amplifier time constant; The horizontal ordinate of said pulse amplitude spectrum is the road number of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, and ordinate is the counting of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer;
(2) under the main amplifier time constant of confirming, the plus high-pressure of the gas core radiation detector that has loaded radiation source is regulated from small to large, nuclear signal characteristic ability peak occurred up to pulse amplitude spectrum, the starting potential of high pressure at this moment as measurement;
(3) regulate the main amplifier enlargement factor pulse amplitude spectrum is transferred to suitable width; The corresponding road number of main amplifier output this moment maximum impulse is less than the main road number of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer and greater than 1/2 of the main road of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer number, record main amplifier enlargement factor k
iWith pulse height spectrum signature ability location, road, peak-to-peak position m
i
(4) with the starting potential be benchmark, high-tension cell one fixed width is regulated from small to large, (3) duplicate measurements process set by step under each high pressure;
(5) draw lg (m according to data measured
i/ k
i) with the curve that high pressure changes, be the charge number of collection and the relation curve of impressed voltage.
2. the charge number that gas core radiation detector as claimed in claim 1 is collected and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage; It is characterized in that: in the step (1); The method of described definite main amplifier time constant is: the plus high-pressure of nuclear radiation detector is transferred in the WV interval of estimation more arbitrarily; Measure the pulse amplitude spectrum of the main amplifier output that is connected with nuclear radiation detector through multichannel pulse scope-analyzer; Regulate little, the integration time constant of main amplifier, the time constant that strobe pulse amplitude spectrum intermediate-resolution is high, resolution=main peak halfwidth/location, main peak road.
3. the charge number that gas core radiation detector as claimed in claim 2 is collected and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage; It is characterized in that: in the step (1); When regulating little, the integration time constant of main amplifier; Use oscillograph to observe the shape of main amplifier output pulse, guarantee that its peak shape does not distort.
4. the charge number that gas core radiation detector as claimed in claim 3 is collected and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage is characterized in that: in the step (1), under the identical situation of pulse amplitude spectrum intermediate-resolution, select relatively little time constant.
5. like the charge number of any described gas core radiation detector collection among the claim 1-3 and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage; It is characterized in that: in the step (2); If a plurality of abilities peak appears in pulse amplitude spectrum, can the peak with the ability peak that peak position is the highest as described nuclear signal characteristic.
6. like the charge number of any described gas core radiation detector collection among the claim 1-3 and the relation curve measuring method of impressed voltage, it is characterized in that: in the step (4), the fixed width of regulating high-tension cell is 50V or 100V.
7. the gas core radiation detector charge number of collecting and the relation curve measuring system of impressed voltage; It is characterized in that: comprise that time constant confirms device and gas nuclear radiation detector pulse amplitude spectrum measurement mechanism; Wherein, Described time constant confirms that device comprises nuclear radiation detector, and nuclear radiation detector connects prime amplifier and main amplifier in order, and high-voltage power supply is transferred on the nuclear radiation detector through prime amplifier; Main amplifier is connected with oscillograph and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer connects computing machine; Described gas core radiation detector pulse amplitude spectrum measurement mechanism comprises the gas core radiation detector; The gas core radiation detector connects prime amplifier and main amplifier in order; High-voltage power supply is transferred on the gas core radiation detector through prime amplifier; Main amplifier is connected with multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, and multichannel pulse scope-analyzer connects computing machine.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105424200A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Quick response implementation method for thermopile detector |
| CN106372388A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-02-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Processing method of output signal of thermoelectric type terahertz detector |
| CN114518589A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-20 | 西北核技术研究所 | Method for realizing energy calibration of gas proportional detector based on thick radioactive source |
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| CN101937096A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer |
| CN102338880A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-02-01 | 中国科学技术大学 | Nuclear pulse amplitude digitizing method and system |
| US20120121050A1 (en) * | 2010-05-03 | 2012-05-17 | Brookhaven Science Associates, Llc | Method and Apparatus for Analog Pulse Pile-Up Rejection |
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2012
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101937096A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer |
| US20120121050A1 (en) * | 2010-05-03 | 2012-05-17 | Brookhaven Science Associates, Llc | Method and Apparatus for Analog Pulse Pile-Up Rejection |
| CN102338880A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-02-01 | 中国科学技术大学 | Nuclear pulse amplitude digitizing method and system |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105424200A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Quick response implementation method for thermopile detector |
| CN105424200B (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2019-01-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | A kind of quick response implementation method of thermopile detector |
| CN106372388A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-02-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Processing method of output signal of thermoelectric type terahertz detector |
| CN114518589A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-20 | 西北核技术研究所 | Method for realizing energy calibration of gas proportional detector based on thick radioactive source |
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