CN102839366B - Trivalent chromium passivation solution and use method thereof - Google Patents

Trivalent chromium passivation solution and use method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102839366B
CN102839366B CN201210336432.0A CN201210336432A CN102839366B CN 102839366 B CN102839366 B CN 102839366B CN 201210336432 A CN201210336432 A CN 201210336432A CN 102839366 B CN102839366 B CN 102839366B
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trivalent chromium
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chromium
oxalate
molybdate
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CN102839366A (en
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陈进
代勇
罗军
王大海
邓勇
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Chengdu Huachuan Electric Parts Co Ltd
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Chengdu Huachuan Electric Parts Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of surface processing, and particularly relates to a trivalent chromium passivation solution and a use method of the trivalent chromium passivation solution. The trivalent chromium passivation solution provided by the invention has no cobalt ion, and has toxicity one hundred times less than that of hexavalent chromium; and the trivalent chromium passivation solution has the advantages of environmental protection and improving the corrosion resistance of an electroplating layer of a part. The trivalent chromium passivation solution comprises base components and key components, and water is served as a solvent; and the trivalent chromium passivation solution comprises the following components by weight: 20 to 50g/L of chromium sulfate, 2 to 15g/L of sodium nitrate, 0.5 to 5g/L of oxalate, and 1 to 15g/L of organic acid; and key components are at least one of 1 to 10g/L of tungstate, 4 to 12g/L of molybdate, and 0.5 to 5g/L of silicide. The passivation conditions are as follows: the temperature is 30-40 DEG C, pH value is 1.8-2.5 and the time is 55 to 65 seconds. With the adoption of the passivation liquid and the passivation conditions, the thickness of a coating can be over 20 mu m, and 240-hour neutral salt spray test can be met; and the product is bright and uniform in appearance, high in tolerance of impurities in solution, long in service life, wide in scope of operation, and has no lead, mercury, cadmium and hexavalent chromium; and the hexavalent chromium cannot be separated out during being stored and used; the whole process is environment-friendly; the ROHS (restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances) standard can be met; and the product gains the approval of a plurality of application manufacturers.

Description

Trivalent chromium deactivating liquid and using method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of surface treatment, be specifically related to trivalent chromium deactivating liquid and using method thereof.
Background technology
In the past, Metal plating coating was to adopt to contain chromic chemical materials metal is carried out to surface treatment, and sexavalent chrome belongs to first kind Hazardous substances, is carcinogens, in the electrolytic coating of handled product, contains sexavalent chrome, and harmful, carinogenicity is strong; And after product rejection, landfill disposal normally, landfill can cause objectionable impurities to be transferred in soil, contaminate environment.And existing trivalent chromium passivation treatment solution impurity tolerance is low, affect the final solidity to corrosion of coating, operating restraint is narrow, outward appearance solution is sent out mist, is grown dim, and owing to mostly containing cobalt in formula, in stock and use procedure, can make part trivalent chromium be oxidized to sexavalent chrome, there is environmental protection hidden danger in product.
The present inventor provides a kind of brand-new trivalent chromium deactivating liquid and Metal plating layer surface treatment method thereof.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of trivalent chromium deactivating liquid that does not contain cobalt ion, and trivalent chromium deactivating liquid toxicity of the present invention is less 100 times than sexavalent chrome, has the advantage of the resistance to corrosion of the feature of environmental protection and raising part electrolytic coating.
In trivalent chromium deactivating liquid of the present invention, contain basal component and key ingredient, solvent is water preparation passivating solution, and the consumption of basal component and key ingredient is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-50g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 2-15g/L, oxalate 0.5-5g/L, organic acid 1-15g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-10g/L, molybdate 4-12g/L, silicide 0.5-5g/L at least one.
Preferred ingredient consumption is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L at least one.
In passivating solution of the present invention, key ingredient plays major effect for the anticorrosion ability of passivating solution:
1, when selecting a use key ingredient, the sample of processing can form passive film, and outward appearance is bright but the local mist of sending out of meeting has certain corrosion resisting property, deposits week test non-hexavalent chromium and separates out.
In trivalent chromium deactivating liquid of the present invention, solvent is water, and the amounts of components of basal component and key ingredient is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-50g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 2-15g/L, oxalate 0.5-5g/L, organic acid 1-15g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-10g/L, molybdate 4-12g/L, silicide 0.5-5g/L any one.
Preferred ingredient consumption is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L any one.
2, when mixing two kinds of key ingredients of use, the sample of processing can form stable passive film, the full light of outward appearance light, the local mist of sending out of nothing, and impurity tolerance is high, corrosion resisting property and solution improve while selecting a use key ingredient work-ing life, deposit week test non-hexavalent chromium and separate out.
In trivalent chromium deactivating liquid of the present invention, solvent is water, and the amounts of components of basal component and key ingredient is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-50g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 2-15g/L, oxalate 0.5-5g/L, organic acid 1-15g/L;
Key ingredient: any two kinds of tungstate 1-10g/L, molybdate 4-12g/L, silicide 0.5-5g/L.
Preferred ingredient consumption is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: any two kinds of tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L.
3, when using three kinds of key ingredients simultaneously, the sample of processing can form stable passive film, the full light of outward appearance light, the local mist of sending out of nothing, impurity tolerance is high, corrosion resisting property and solution mix while using two kinds of key ingredients increase again work-ing lifes, deposit week test non-hexavalent chromium and separate out.
In trivalent chromium deactivating liquid of the present invention, solvent is water, and the amounts of components of basal component and key ingredient is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-50g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 2-15g/L, oxalate 0.5-5g/L, organic acid 1-15g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-10g/L, molybdate 4-12g/L, silicide 0.5-5g/L.
Preferred ingredient consumption is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L.
In passivating solution of the present invention, chromium sulphate: being main salt, for passivating solution provides metal chromium ions, is the skeleton of film forming.SODIUMNITRATE: nitrate ion is provided, and is the carrier of passivation film forming.Oxalate: ligand is provided, forms stable comple with chromium, collaborative with inhibiter, participate in passivation film forming.Organic acid: can adopt at least one in acetic acid, tartrate, citric acid, regulate the pH value of passivating solution, control the speed of response of passivation film forming.Tungstate: add a little in passivating solution, can play the effect of stable color, can form the uniform passive film of color, improve corrosion resistance nature.Molybdate: react with zinc in the process of passivation and form inhibiter, increase the corrosion resistance nature of passivating solution; Do not add molybdate corrosion resisting property and can not reach optimum regime.Silicide: be a kind of of silica gel, trivalent chromium passivation rete is the rete that has space, it can be deposited in the hole of trivalent chromium skeleton after adding silicide, seals passive film in passivating solution, improves the compactness of passive film, thereby improves the solidity to corrosion of passive film.
Wherein, tungstate can adopt sodium wolframate, potassium wolframate; Molybdate can adopt Sodium orthomolybdate, potassium molybdate; Oxalate can adopt sodium oxalate, potassium oxalate.
Second technical problem solved by the invention is the using method of application trivalent chromium deactivating liquid of the present invention:
A, preparation passivating solution: according to following basal component and key ingredient consumption preparation passivating solution soluble in water:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-50g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 2-15g/L, oxalate 0.5-5g/L, organic acid 1-15g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-10g/L, molybdate 4-12g/L, silicide 0.5-5g/L at least one;
B, passive sample is placed in to passivating solution, controls passivating conditions: temperature is 30-40 ℃, and pH value is 1.8-2.5, and the time is 55-65S.
Wherein:
Preparation passivating solution is preferably according to following basal component and key ingredient consumption preparation passivating solution:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L at least one.
Further, can select as previously mentioned a use, mixing use between two and three and use key ingredient simultaneously.
If it is thin that passivation temperature can produce passivation film lower than 30 ℃, luminance brightness is slightly poor, the defect that solidity to corrosion weakens, if it is loose to produce passivation film higher than 40 ℃, and the defect that solidity to corrosion is poor.Adopt 30-40 ℃ of temperature can reach outward appearance light, even, rete compactness is good, the effect of excellent corrosion resistance.
During passivation, if pH value lower than 1.8, acidity is excessive, passivating solution becomes large to the dissolving power of zinc electrolytic coating, accumulation of impurities is many, affect zinc coating thickness and passivating solution life-span, preservative property decline; If pH value is higher than 2.5, it is slack-off that passive film forms speed, and passivation film attenuation, affects outward appearance and solidity to corrosion.Therefore pH value adopts the value range of 1.8-2.5.
To sum up, adopt passivating solution of the present invention, coordinate this passivating conditions can make more than thickness of coating can reach 20 μ m, while using whole key ingredient, can pass through 240h neutral salt spray test, product appearance light evenly, is not sent out mist, is not grown dim, solution impurity tolerance is high, long service life, operating restraint is wide, not leaded, mercury, cadmium, sexavalent chrome, in stock and use procedure, can not separate out sexavalent chrome, whole process environmental protection, meets ROHS standard, obtains the approval of the application producers such as vapour, broadcast company, Toyota Company, Yamaha.
Embodiment
The embodiment of form, is described in further detail foregoing of the present invention again by the following examples, illustrates but does not limit the present invention.
Passivating solution of the present invention is with chromium sulphate, SODIUMNITRATE, and oxalate, organic acid is basal component, tungstate, molybdate, silicide is key ingredient, solvent is water, according to following amounts of components preparation passivating solution soluble in water:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-50g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 2-15g/L, oxalate 0.5-5g/L, organic acid 1-15g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-10g/L, molybdate 4-12g/L, silicide 0.5-5g/L at least one.
Preferred ingredient consumption:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L at least one.
Then Passivation Treatment metallic surface under the following conditions: temperature is 30-40 ℃, and pH value is 1.8-2.5, and the time is 55-65S.Following examples are processed sample according to using method, investigate the passivation effect of each embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Chromium sulphate 25g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 5g/L, oxalate 1g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, formation processing liquid, adjusting pH value is 2,30 ℃ of temperature, process about 1min.The passive film that the sample of processing forms is discontinuous, imperfect.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
Embodiment 2
Chromium sulphate 25g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 5g/L, oxalate 1g/L, organic acid 3g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, formation processing liquid, adjusting pH value is 2,30 ℃ of temperature, process about 1min.The sample of processing can form passive film, but outward appearance there will be the local mist of sending out, and has certain corrosion resisting property.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
Embodiment 3
Chromium sulphate 25g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 5g/L, oxalate 1g/L, organic acid 3g/L, tungstate 1.5g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, form trivalent chromium passivation treatment solution.Adjusting pH value is 2, and 30 ℃ of temperature, process about 1min.The sample of processing can form passive film, and outward appearance is bright but the local mist of sending out of meeting has certain corrosion resisting property, deposits week test non-hexavalent chromium and separates out.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Tungstate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
Embodiment 4
Chromium sulphate 25g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 5g/L, oxalate 1g/L, organic acid 3g/L, silicide 1g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, form trivalent chromium passivation treatment solution.Adjusting pH value is 2, and 30 ℃ of temperature, process about 1min.The sample of processing can form passive film, and outward appearance is bright but the local mist of sending out of meeting has certain corrosion resisting property, deposits week test non-hexavalent chromium and separates out, and solidity to corrosion increases on the basis of embodiment 3.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
Embodiment 5
Chromium sulphate 25g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 5g/L, oxalate 1g/L, organic acid 3g/L, molybdate 8g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, form trivalent chromium passivation treatment solution.Adjusting pH value is 2, and 30 ℃ of temperature, process about 1min.The sample of processing can form passive film, and the full light of outward appearance light, has certain corrosion resisting property, deposits week test non-hexavalent chromium and separates out, and solidity to corrosion increases on the basis of embodiment 4.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Molybdate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
Embodiment 6
Chromium sulphate 25g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 5g/L, oxalate 1g/L, organic acid 3g/L, silicide 1g/L, tungstate 1.5g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, form trivalent chromium passivation treatment solution.Adjusting pH value is 2, and 30 ℃ of temperature, process about 1min.The sample of processing can form stable passive film, the full light of outward appearance light, without a local mist, and impurity tolerance is high, and corrosion resisting property and solution improve while selecting a use key ingredient work-ing life, deposit to test non-hexavalent chromium a week and separate out.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Tungstate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
Embodiment 7
Chromium sulphate 25g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 5g/L, oxalate 1g/L, organic acid 3g/L, tungstate 1.5g/L, molybdate 8g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, form trivalent chromium passivation treatment solution.Adjusting pH value is 2, and 30 ℃ of temperature, process about 1min.The sample of processing can form stable passive film, the full light of outward appearance light, the local mist of sending out of nothing, and impurity tolerance is high, deposits week test non-hexavalent chromium and separates out.Solution increases work-ing life, and solidity to corrosion increases on the basis of embodiment 6.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Molybdate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Tungstate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
Embodiment 8
Chromium sulphate 25g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 5g/L, oxalate 1g/L, organic acid 3g/L, silicide 1g/L, molybdate 8g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, form trivalent chromium passivation treatment solution.Adjusting pH value is 2, and 30 ℃ of temperature, process about 1min.The sample of processing can form stable passive film, the full light of outward appearance light, the local mist of sending out of nothing, and impurity tolerance is high, deposits week test non-hexavalent chromium and separates out.Solution increases work-ing life, and solidity to corrosion increases on the basis of embodiment 7.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Molybdate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
Embodiment 9
Chromium sulphate 20/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4g/L, tungstate 1g/L, molybdate 7g/L, oxalate 0.5g/L, organic acid 2g/L, silicide 0.5g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, form trivalent chromium passivation treatment solution.Adjusting pH value is 2, and 30 ℃ of temperature, process about 1min.The sample of processing can form stable passive film, the full light of outward appearance light, and impurity tolerance is high, and operating restraint is wide, deposits week test non-hexavalent chromium and separates out.Corrosion resisting property and solution mix more between two while using key ingredient improve work-ing lifes.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Molybdate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Tungstate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
Embodiment 10
Chromium sulphate 25/L, SODIUMNITRATE 5g/L, tungstate 1.5g/L, molybdate 7g/L, oxalate 0.5g/L, organic acid 2.5g/L, silicide 0.5g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, form trivalent chromium passivation treatment solution.Adjusting pH value is 2, and 30 ℃ of temperature, process about 1min.The sample of processing can form stable passive film, the full light of outward appearance light, and impurity tolerance is high, and operating restraint is wide, deposits week test non-hexavalent chromium and separates out, and solution increases work-ing life, and solidity to corrosion increases on the basis of embodiment 9.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Molybdate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Tungstate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
Embodiment 11
Chromium sulphate 30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 6g/L, tungstate 2g/L, molybdate 8g/L, oxalate 1g/L, organic acid 3g/L, silicide 1g/L, is dissolved in the water above-mentioned substance by above concentration, form trivalent chromium passivation treatment solution.Adjusting pH value is 2.2, and temperature is 35 ℃, processes about 1min.The sample of processing can form stable passive film, and outward appearance is light entirely, and impurity tolerance further improves, operating restraint is wide, deposit one week test sample non-hexavalent chromium separate out, solution work-ing life increases, solidity to corrosion increases on the basis of embodiment 10, reaches optimum regime.
Wherein, oxalate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Molybdate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.Tungstate adopts its sodium, sylvite all can.
In a word, the present invention is applicable to, and trivalent chromium passivation zinc-plated, Zinc alloy electroplating layer is processed, and solution-stabilized, easy to operate, economical and practical, outward appearance is beautiful, and solidity to corrosion is excellent, and in stock and use procedure, non-hexavalent chromium objectionable impurities is separated out.

Claims (5)

1. trivalent chromium deactivating liquid, is characterized in that: basal component and key ingredient, consist of, solvent is water, and its amounts of components is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L at least one.
2. trivalent chromium deactivating liquid according to claim 1, is characterized in that: while selecting a use key ingredient, the amounts of components of basal component and key ingredient is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L any one.
3. trivalent chromium deactivating liquid according to claim 1, is characterized in that: mix while using key ingredient between two, the amounts of components of basal component and key ingredient is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: any two kinds of tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L.
4. trivalent chromium deactivating liquid according to claim 1, is characterized in that: while using whole key ingredient, the amounts of components of basal component and key ingredient is:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L.
5. the using method of trivalent chromium deactivating liquid, is characterized in that: step is as follows:
A, preparation passivating solution: solvent is water, according to following basal component and key ingredient consumption preparation passivating solution soluble in water:
Basal component: chromium sulphate 20-30g/L, SODIUMNITRATE 4-6g/L, oxalate 0.5-1g/L, organic acid 2-3g/L;
Key ingredient: tungstate 1-2g/L, molybdate 6-8g/L, silicide 0.5-1g/L at least one;
Wherein, key ingredient adopts and selects a use key ingredient, mixes and use key ingredient or use whole key ingredients between two;
B, passive sample is placed in to passivating solution, controls passivating conditions: temperature is 30-40 ℃, and pH value is 1.8-2.5, and the time is 55-65S.
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