CN102839121A - Small-size biological hydrogen-producing device for rural family - Google Patents
Small-size biological hydrogen-producing device for rural family Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a small-size biological hydrogen-producing device for a rural family. A rubbish breaking device is connected with a feeding port of a hydrogen-producing reactor through an auger; the interior of the hydrogen-producing reactor has a double-reaction area structure which is composed of an aerobiotic pretreatment chamber and an anaerobic digestion hydrogen-producing chamber; the broken rubbish is respectively subjected to aerobiotic pretreatment and anaerobic digestion hydrogen production; a valve which can be unidirectionally opened by facing to the anaerobic digestion hydrogen-producing chamber is arranged between the aerobiotic pretreatment chamber and the anaerobic digestion hydrogen-producing chamber; a nanometer ceramic film-coating roller for collecting hydrogen and aerating penetrates through the center of the hydrogen-producing reactor; a gas outlet end of the nanometer ceramic film-coating roller is connected with a hydrogen-film separating device for purifying and drying the hydrogen in biogas; the hydrogen-film separating device is connected with a molecular sieve hydrogen storing device; the hydrogen-producing reactor is mounted on a base; a 360-degree ratable universal wheel is mounted on the lower part of the base, so that the device is convenient to move and place; and brackets are arranged on two sides of the base and are respectively used for fixing the auger and the hydrogen-film separating device. The invention also provides a method for preparing the hydrogen by utilizing the device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the bioenergy technical field, be specifically related to family, a kind of rural area and use small-sized biological hydrogen production plant.
Background technology
Along with the propelling that the new socialist countryside is built, when villager's standard of living improves, the villages and small towns problem of environmental pollution and the wasting of resources have been brought.It is reported that China is the maximum country of rural area organic waste quantum of output in the world, annual nearly more than 40 hundred million t, feces of livestock and poultry quantity discharged 26.1 hundred million t wherein, agricultural crop straw 7.0 hundred million t, plastics 2.5 ten thousand t such as discarded plastic sheeting for farm use, vegetable castoff 100,000,000-1.5 hundred million t.Wherein, Life source, China villages and small towns organic waste, human faecal mass; And phenomenons such as the organic waste amount portion that the villages and small towns service sector brings is bigger, causes villages and small towns rubbish arbitrarily to topple over, muck huddles, the random buttress of faggot, it is healthy with the harm resident to have a strong impact on look of a village village looks.
Hydrogen receives people's growing interest as efficient, cleaning, the reproducible energy.In the multiple hydrogen production process, biological hydrogen production has environmental friendliness, the substrate scope is wide and technology is simple, can produce the multiple meliority such as the biogas energy with high added value.But, because the villages and small towns wastes disperses, mixes, existing biological hydrogen production reactor exist the pre-treatment requirement high, start slowly, fluctuation of service, problem such as factor of created gase is low, energy consumption is high and floor space is big.Therefore, the suitable China of research and development villages and small towns single household uses, and the anaerobic hydrogen-generating device with " miniaturized, low cost, easy to operate " is not only the research focus, also is the difficult point problem that needs to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide family, a kind of villages and small towns to use small-sized device for producing hydrogen.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned device for producing hydrogen to prepare hydrogen.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, small-sized device for producing hydrogen is used at family, villages and small towns provided by the invention, mainly comprises:
The refuse breaking device links to each other with the opening for feed that produces hydrogen reactor through auger;
The housing that produces hydrogen reactor is a bilayer structure, and producing hydrogen reactor inside is the double-reaction area structure that aerobic pretreatment chamber and hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber are formed, and the rubbish after the fragmentation carries out aerobic pretreatment and hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation respectively; Be provided with towards the hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber unidirectional openable valve between aerobic pretreatment chamber and the hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber;
The bilayer structure that produces the hydrogen reactor housing is and corresponding two interlayers independently in pretreatment chamber and fermentation and hydrogen production chamber, is filled with liquid heat transfer medium in the interlayer; Two interlayers all respectively are provided with fluid inlet and liquid outlet, and connect through pipeline;
Produce the hydrogen reactor center and be penetrated with the nano ceramics plated film roller bearing that is used for hydrogen collection and aeration, nano ceramics plated film roller bearing connects the hydrogen membrane tripping device, and the hydrogen in the biogas is purified and drying; Hydrogen membrane tripping device link molecule sieve hydrogen-storing device;
Produce hydrogen reactor and be installed on the base, this base bottom is equipped with the rotatable universal wheel of 360 degree, is convenient to moving and laying of device; The base both sides are provided with support, are respectively applied for fixedly auger and hydrogen membrane tripping device.
Described device for producing hydrogen, wherein, the refuse breaking device comprises refuse breaking chamber and auger, and an end of auger links to each other with the opening for feed that produces hydrogen reactor, and refuse breaking chamber and auger are fixed in jointly and produce on the hydrogen reactor support.
Described device for producing hydrogen, wherein, producing hydrogen reactor is aspect ratio 1: 0.5-1: 5 horizontal drum; The inner aerobic pretreatment chamber and the volume ratio of hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber are 1: 1-1: 5.
Described device for producing hydrogen wherein, produces the hydrogen reactor inwall and 4-6 is installed organizes triangular column type baffle plate, and the rubbish after the fragmentation is beaten through baffle plate in producing the hydrogen reactor rotary course and made material and fermentation thalline thorough mixing, and in time gets rid of unnecessary heat; The shell that produces hydrogen reactor is double-deck temperature control layer, is filled with liquid heat transfer medium in this temperature control layer, utilizes the heat that produces in the aerobic preprocessing process that temperature control is carried out in the anaerobic hydrogen-generating chamber, realizes the recycle of system internal heat.
Described device for producing hydrogen wherein, produces hydrogen reactor inside temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen combined electrode all is installed, and the index in the fermenting process is carried out The real time measure.
Described device for producing hydrogen wherein, is equipped with membrane module and siccative in the hydrogen membrane tripping device, the hydrogen in the biogas is separated and drying.
Described device for producing hydrogen, wherein, molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device inside is filled with Hanggin 2
#Soil sieves with the storage hydrogen molecule that has of red mud through the preparation of hydrate established law; The loadings of storage hydrogen molecule sieve is the 10-80% of molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device useful volume.
The method of utilizing above-mentioned device for producing hydrogen to prepare hydrogen provided by the invention; Rubbish after the fragmentation carries out aerobic pretreatment in the aerobic pretreatment chamber of producing hydrogen reactor; Unidirectional openable valve gets into the hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber to the biogas that produces through being provided with towards the hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber, and carries out hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation in the agent of the indoor adding hydrogenogens of hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation;
The biogas that produces is collected by nano ceramics plated film roller bearing, after the hydrogen membrane tripping device purifies the hydrogen in the biogas and be dry, gets into the molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device and stores.
Described method, wherein, the temperature of aerobic pretreatment is 15-80 ℃; The temperature of hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation is 20-35 ℃.
Described method, wherein, the temperature control of anaerobic hydrogen-generating chamber is to utilize the heat that produces in the aerobic preprocessing process that temperature control is carried out in the anaerobic hydrogen-generating chamber, realizes the recycle of system internal heat.
The present invention organically combines technology such as mechanical pretreatment, biological treatment, film processing, physical and chemical adsorption, have complementary advantages; But flexible for installation, characteristics such as floor space is little, working cost is low, the big intermittent operation of gas production rate that associated plant has; The collection of biogas, purification and convenient for storing are suitable for the recycling of rural area single household domestic refuse.Through application of the present invention, can renewable resources utilization, Pollution abatement and hydrogen manufacturing be united and carry out, in the organic waste higher value application, realize reducing discharging the target of production capacity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Sign flag explanation in the accompanying drawing:
1 shredder assembly; 2 augers; Hydrogen reactor is produced in 3 pairs of chambers; Aerobic pretreatment chambers 4; Anaerobically fermenting chambers 5; 6 combined electrodes; 7 nano ceramics plated film roller bearings; 8 hydrogen membrane tripping devices; 9 molecular sieve hydrogen-storing devices; 10 supports; 11 bases; 12 universal wheels; 13 one-way cocks.
Embodiment
It is reasonable to the invention provides a kind of compact in design; Both can handle the difficult degradation organic waste; Guarantee to produce quick startup, the steady running of hydrogen reactor; Little, the biogas output of floor space is high again, is convenient to the biological hydrogen production associated plant that stores and utilize, to be used for rural area single household domestic rubbish disposal and higher value application.
Villages and small towns according to the invention domestic refuse comprises the mixed garbage of rubbish from cooking, human and animal excreta, stalk and difficult degradation.
The family, villages and small towns that the present invention proposes is with small-sized biological hydrogen production associated plant, and its primary structure is:
Double-reaction area structure (producing hydrogen reactor hereinafter to be referred as two chambers), hydrogen membrane tripping device, molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device that apparatus of the present invention are made up of aerobic pretreatment chamber and hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber refuse breaking e Foerderanlage, product hydrogen reactor are connected in series successively and form.The refuse breaking e Foerderanlage produces hydrogen reactor with two chambers and links to each other through auger, and the rubbish after the fragmentation produces high hydrogen richness biogas after in hydrogen reactor is produced in two chambers, passing through aerobic pretreatment chamber and anaerobically fermenting chamber respectively.The nano ceramics plated film roller bearing outlet side that hydrogen reactor is produced in two chambers connects the hydrogen membrane tripping device, carries out biogas and purifies.Membrane separation unit link molecule sieve hydrogen-storing device is used for the storage and the utilization of hydrogen-rich gas.
Described device for producing hydrogen, wherein, the refuse breaking e Foerderanlage comprises refuse breaking chamber and auger, auger one end produces the hydrogen reactor opening for feed with two chambers and links to each other, and is fixed in jointly and produces on the hydrogen reactor support, saves floor space.
Described device for producing hydrogen; Wherein, to produce hydrogen reactor be aspect ratio 1: 0.5-1 two chambers: 5 horizontal drum, inwall are equipped with 4-6 and organize triangular column type baffle plate; Waste is beaten through baffle plate in the tank body rotary course and is made material and fermentation thalline thorough mixing, and in time gets rid of unnecessary heat.Tank interior is the double-reaction area structure, but the middle part is divided into pretreatment chamber and fermentation and hydrogen production chamber by unidirectional Open valve, and volume ratio is 1: 1-1: 5.Two chamber interior all are equipped with temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen combined electrode, and the index in the fermenting process is carried out The real time measure.The roller bearing of nano ceramics plated film runs through from centre of the drum, and appliance stand is fixed in through flange in the axle two ends, is used for the collection and the aeration of hydrogen.
Described device for producing hydrogen; Wherein, Fill liquid heat transferring medium in the outside temperature control layer of hydrogen reactor is produced in two chambers, makes good use of and supports the heat heat exchange liquid that produces in the preprocessing process, and the temperature control layer that the heat exchange liquid after the intensification continues entering anaerobic hydrogen-generating chamber heats temperature control to anaerobic fermentation process; Last cooled heat exchange liquid is circulated to pretreatment chamber's temperature control layer more again, realizes the recycle of system internal heat.Under the non-power consumption condition, can make the temperature of anaerobically fermenting chamber remain on 20-50 ℃, aerobic decomposition pretreatment chamber temperature is controlled at 15-80 ℃.
Described device for producing hydrogen, wherein, the hydrogen membrane tripping device is made up of Hydrogen Separation film, siccative, crust of the device, is used for separating of biogas hydrogen and other components, has the effect of gas drying concurrently.The biogas that anaerobism produces is after the Hydrogen Separation film is purified, and hydrogen purity reaches more than 90%.
Described device for producing hydrogen, wherein, molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device inside is filled with storage hydrogen molecule sieve.Hydrogen storage material is by Hanggin 2
#Soil prepares the molecular sieve hydrogen storage material of high absorption property with red mud through the hydrate established law, and loadings is the volumetrical 10-80% of hydrogen storage chamber.
Described device for producing hydrogen, wherein, hydrogen membrane tripping device and molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device all are installed on two chambers and produce on the hydrogen reactor base, and compact design has significantly reduced the floor space of associated plant.Device pedestal is equipped with rotatable universal wheel of 360 degree and wheel lock, is convenient to the own of device and moves and lay, and realizes in time handling on the spot of waste.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done and to illustrate in greater detail.
The villages and small towns domestic refuse is delivered to two chambers through auger 2 and produces hydrogen reactor 3 after shredder assembly 1 is pulverized; Rubbish produces high hydrogen richness biogas through aerobic pretreatment chamber 4 and 5 backs, anaerobically fermenting chamber respectively in the product hydrogen reactor 3 of two chambers, be provided with the 5 unidirectional openable one-way cocks 13 towards the anaerobically fermenting chamber in the middle of aerobic pretreatment chamber 4 and the anaerobically fermenting chamber 5.Index through in the 6 pairs of fermenting processs of temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen combined electrode in aerobic pretreatment chamber 4 and the anaerobically fermenting chamber 5 is carried out The real time measure, and data sync is transferred to control panel shows.Biogas is delivered to that hydrogen membrane tripping device 8 purifies and dry through nano ceramics plated film roller bearing 7, the netted roller bearing of hollow that nano ceramics film roller bearing of the present invention is a stainless steel, and skin is coated with collection and the aeration that the nano ceramics film is used for biogas.Hydrogen-rich gas after the purification stores through molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device 9 and utilizes.
A whole set of associated plant all rationally is placed in and produces on hydrogen reactor support 10 and the base 11; Wherein disintegrating apparatus is installed on the left-hand foot; Auger is fixed on the left side brackets, and the hydrogen membrane tripping device is fixed in the right side support, and the molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device is installed on the base of right side.The rotatable universal wheel 12 of 360 degree is installed under a whole set of associated plant base, is convenient to the own of device and moves and lay, realize in time handling on the spot of waste.
A specific embodiment is following:
The family, villages and small towns is with the total floor space 2.5m of small-sized biological hydrogen production associated plant
2, refuse grinder physical dimension 30cm * 30cm wherein, auger is long to be 50cm; It is 2: 1 that the hydrogen reactor aspect ratio is produced in two chambers, physical dimension 2m * 1m, cubic capacity 1.5m
3, aerobic pretreatment chamber useful volume 0.5m wherein
3, anaerobic hydrogen-generating chamber useful volume 1.0m
3, the volume ratio is 1: 2; The hydrogen membrane tripping device is a column, and physical dimension 20cm * 10cm hangs on support top, right side, and the molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device is positioned at support below, right side, the right cylinder of physical dimension 20cm * 10cm, the inner Hanggin 2 of filling
#The soil molecular sieve, loading level 60%.Carry out the decomposition pre-treatment with being packed into aerobic room after the domestic refuse fragmentation, loadings is 50% of a useful volume.Decomposition was transferred to the anaerobic hydrogen-generating chamber with material through one-way cock after 7 days, added the highly effective hydrogen yield microbial inoculum through thief hole and produced hydrogen to strengthen.Because product hydrogen reactor housing of the present invention is a bilayer structure, this bilayer structure is divided into two independently interlayers, is filled with liquid heat transfer medium in the interlayer.One of them of two interlayers is the shell of aerobic pretreatment chamber, and another interlayer is the shell of fermentation and hydrogen production chamber.Two interlayers respectively are provided with a fluid inlet and a liquid outlet, with pipeline two interlayers are connected as one, and through a pump two liquid heat transfer mediums in the interlayer are flowed, thereby form temperature controlling system.Temperature controlling system of the present invention is to utilize aerobic pretreatment to be thermopositive reaction, and anaerobically fermenting is the principle of thermo-negative reaction.The liquid heat transfer medium of the heat that produces with aerobic pretreatment chamber flow to the anaerobically fermenting chamber; The anaerobically fermenting chamber is heated; Make the anaerobically fermenting chambers temp remain on 20-35 ℃, the anaerobically fermenting cycle is 4 days, and hydrogen content is higher than 60% in the biogas; The waste material transformation efficiency reaches more than 80%, garbage harmless 100%.Two Room material fermentation information show to controlling panel through DTS synchronously in the reaction process, are convenient to operation control, have guaranteed the steady running of reaction unit.Apparatus of the present invention floor space is little, moves with easy for installation, and it is fast to produce hydrogen speed, and anaerobic room is feeded and can be produced hydrogen in back 12 hours.
Claims (10)
1. small-sized device for producing hydrogen is used at family, villages and small towns, mainly comprises:
The refuse breaking device links to each other with the opening for feed that produces hydrogen reactor through auger;
The housing that produces hydrogen reactor is a bilayer structure, and producing hydrogen reactor inside is the double-reaction area structure that aerobic pretreatment chamber and hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber are formed, and the rubbish after the fragmentation carries out aerobic pretreatment and hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation respectively; Be provided with towards the hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber unidirectional openable valve between aerobic pretreatment chamber and the hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber;
The bilayer structure that produces the hydrogen reactor housing is and corresponding two interlayers independently in pretreatment chamber and fermentation and hydrogen production chamber, is filled with liquid heat transfer medium in the interlayer; Two interlayers all respectively are provided with fluid inlet and liquid outlet, and connect through pipeline;
Produce the hydrogen reactor center and be penetrated with the nano ceramics plated film roller bearing that is used for hydrogen collection and aeration, the outlet side of nano ceramics plated film roller bearing connects the hydrogen membrane tripping device, and the hydrogen in the biogas is purified and drying; Hydrogen membrane tripping device link molecule sieve hydrogen-storing device;
Produce hydrogen reactor and be installed on the base, this base bottom is equipped with the rotatable universal wheel of 360 degree, is convenient to moving and laying of device; The base both sides are provided with support, are respectively applied for fixedly auger and hydrogen membrane tripping device.
2. device for producing hydrogen according to claim 1, wherein, the refuse breaking device comprises refuse breaking chamber and auger, and an end of auger links to each other with the opening for feed that produces hydrogen reactor, and refuse breaking chamber and auger are fixed in jointly and produce on the hydrogen reactor support.
3. device for producing hydrogen according to claim 1, wherein, producing hydrogen reactor is aspect ratio 1: 0.5-1: 5 horizontal drum; The inner aerobic pretreatment chamber and the volume ratio of hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber are 1: 1-1: 5.
4. device for producing hydrogen according to claim 1; Wherein, Produce the hydrogen reactor inwall and 4-6 is installed organizes triangular column type baffle plate, the rubbish after the fragmentation is beaten through baffle plate in producing the hydrogen reactor rotary course and is made material and fermentation thalline thorough mixing, and in time gets rid of unnecessary heat; The shell that produces hydrogen reactor is double-deck temperature control layer, is filled with liquid heat transfer medium in this temperature control layer, utilizes the heat that produces in the aerobic preprocessing process that temperature control is carried out in the anaerobic hydrogen-generating chamber, realizes the recycle of system internal heat.
5. according to claim 1,3 or 4 described device for producing hydrogen, wherein, produce hydrogen reactor inside temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen combined electrode all are installed, the index in the fermenting process is carried out The real time measure.
6. device for producing hydrogen according to claim 1 wherein, is equipped with membrane module and siccative in the hydrogen membrane tripping device, the hydrogen in the biogas is separated and drying.
7. device for producing hydrogen according to claim 1, wherein, molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device inside is filled with Hanggin 2
#Soil sieves with the storage hydrogen molecule that has of red mud through the preparation of hydrate established law; The loadings of storage hydrogen molecule sieve is the 10-80% of molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device useful volume.
8. method of utilizing the said device for producing hydrogen of claim 1 to prepare hydrogen; Rubbish after the fragmentation carries out aerobic pretreatment in the aerobic pretreatment chamber of producing hydrogen reactor; Unidirectional openable valve gets into the hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber to the biogas that produces through being provided with towards the hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation chamber, and carries out hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation in the agent of the indoor adding hydrogenogens of hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation;
The biogas that produces gets into the molecular sieve hydrogen-storing device by the collection of nano ceramics plated film roller bearing and stores after the hydrogen membrane tripping device purifies the hydrogen in the biogas and be dry.
9. method according to claim 8, wherein, the temperature of aerobic pretreatment is 15-80 ℃; The temperature of hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation is 20-35 ℃.
10. according to Claim 8 or 9 described methods, wherein, the temperature control of anaerobic hydrogen-generating chamber is to utilize the heat that produces in the aerobic preprocessing process that temperature control is carried out in the anaerobic hydrogen-generating chamber, realizes the recycle of system internal heat.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106947686A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-14 | 河南农业大学 | Household movable formula hydrogen production bioreactor and its hydrogen manufacturing operating method |
| WO2018148656A1 (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2018-08-16 | Locus Ip Company, Llc | Portable device and methods for efficient production of microbes |
| CN109136068A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-04 | 南通劲凌智能科技有限公司 | Preparation system, component proportion and its method of probiotics fermented beverage |
| US11414640B2 (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2022-08-16 | Locus Ip Company, Llc | Matrix fermentation systems and methods for producing microbe-based products |
| US11760969B2 (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2023-09-19 | Locus Solutions Ipco, Llc | Distributed systems for the efficient production and use of microbe-based compositions |
| CN117187031A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-12-08 | 刘明 | Kitchen garbage microbial degradation treatment device |
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| CN1560263A (en) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-01-05 | 厦门大学 | Hydrogen of prepared by bioorganism of crops and apparatus for generating by hydrogen energy |
| CN101760481A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-06-30 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for producing hydrogen and/or methane through fermentation of fiber wastes and device thereof |
| CN102277388A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-12-14 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Coproduction method and device of hydrogen and electricity by organic wastes |
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| US11959062B2 (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2024-04-16 | Locus Solutions Ipco, Llc | Distributed systems for the efficient production and use of microbe-based compositions |
| WO2018148656A1 (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2018-08-16 | Locus Ip Company, Llc | Portable device and methods for efficient production of microbes |
| CN110494545A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2019-11-22 | 轨迹Ip有限责任公司 | For efficiently producing the portable device and method of microorganism |
| CN106947686A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-14 | 河南农业大学 | Household movable formula hydrogen production bioreactor and its hydrogen manufacturing operating method |
| US11414640B2 (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2022-08-16 | Locus Ip Company, Llc | Matrix fermentation systems and methods for producing microbe-based products |
| CN109136068A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-04 | 南通劲凌智能科技有限公司 | Preparation system, component proportion and its method of probiotics fermented beverage |
| CN109136068B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-09-14 | 沈阳德氏冷饮食品有限公司 | Preparation system, component proportion and method of probiotic fermented beverage |
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