CN102836976B - Preparation method for steel plate - Google Patents
Preparation method for steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102836976B CN102836976B CN201210350153.XA CN201210350153A CN102836976B CN 102836976 B CN102836976 B CN 102836976B CN 201210350153 A CN201210350153 A CN 201210350153A CN 102836976 B CN102836976 B CN 102836976B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method for a steel plate, which belongs to the technical field of metal plate preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: firstly, adding raw material into a smelting container; heating steel leftover materials in the smelting container to the steel smelting temperature; in an air-pressure or self-weight mode, steel solution in the smelting container drips down from a small hole on the bottom of the smelting container to overlay and cover the steel solution on a plate blank; at the same time that the steel solution is overlaid and covered on the plate blank, a steel metal layer is subjected to thermal mechanical processing while being overlaid and covered; the crystal grain of the overlaid and covered steel metal layer tissue is refined to obtain a prefabricated steel plate blank of a fine grain tissue; and the prefabricated steel plate blank is subjected to machining to obtain the steel plate. The method disclosed by the invention has a low requirement on the raw materials, the raw materials can be abandoned materials, such as steel leftover materials, bar stocks, plate materials and the like, and therefore the production cost is greatly lowered. The technical process is greatly shortened, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the fine grain steel plates of various ingredients, sizes and shapes can be prepared.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of steel plate, belong to technical field of metal plate preparation.
Background technology
So far, the batch of steel plate is manufactured greatly and is realized mainly through traditional hot rolling and cold rolling two kinds of technology modes.
Traditional hot rolling technology flow process is briefly: the heating and thermal insulation+roughing+finish rolling+cooling again of continuous casting+strand (or+batch).First strand is obtained by electric furnace or converter smelting, continuous casting; Strand, after heating and be incubated, carries out roughing and finish rolling again, can obtain different-thickness steel plate.Proceed cold rolling to traditional hot-rolled product, steel plate thickness can be reduced further, obtain the cold-rolled steel sheet product of thinner thickness.
Utilize above-mentioned traditional hot rolling or cold-rolling process to carry out Plate Production, also exist that technological process is long, energy consumption is high, unit equipment is many, capital construction cost is high, thus the shortcoming causing production cost high.And, when some kind steel plate of rolling, significantly increase rolling loads because intensity improves, increase energy consumption and roller consumption, comparatively large to the damage of equipment, thus limit can economically with the thickness range of actual production hot-rolled product, be generally >=2mm.Proceed cold rolling, steel plate thickness can be reduced further, but the further increase of intensity can cause cold rolling having difficulties.Therefore, utilize traditional hot rolling and cold-rolling process to produce steel plate, cost is relatively high, commercially and uneconomical.
The method for continuous casting sheet band of newly-developed, change the production process that tradition controls thin plate in metal working industry, continuous casting, rolling, even heat treatment etc. are integrated, make the strip base of production through the online hot rolling of a time just thin steel band of disposable formation, enormously simplify production process, shorten the production cycle.
But, still there is some problem in the production of traditional hot rolling technology in thin band continuous casting technique, as: microalloy element can not remain solid solution in the hot rolling, generating portion is separated out, cause steel strength to improve, thus increase rolling loads, increase energy consumption and roller consumption, make the thickness can producing hot-rolled product economically and practically also can not be too thin, should be >=more than 1.5mm; Obtain superfine microscopic structure thus obtain have high to rolling equipment Capability Requirement in the operation of rolling of the Ultra-fine Grained sheet material of superhigh intensity, infringement is large; The plate size of preparation is subject to follow-up rolling equipment ability restriction etc.
(surpassing) fine grained texture is that metal material has one of precondition of good obdurability, and generally speaking, microscopic structure is more tiny, then combination of strength and toughness is better.(surpassing) fine-grained steel with good obdurability is conducive to preparing high performance part.If thin crystalline substance (<10 μm) even Ultra-fine Grained (<1 μm) steel plate just directly can be obtained by smelting and continuous casting process, it will be an important breakthrough in Plate Production field, greatly simplifying production technology, while increasing substantially steel plate combination property, reduce production cost greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the preparation method proposing a kind of steel plate, for the deficiency of existing acquisition fine-grained steel plate preparation method, propose adopt molten drop paving cover/thermomechanical processing or extrusion molding/thermomechanical process technology, preparation thin brilliant (<10 μm) and Ultra-fine Grained (<1 μm) steel plate are to reduce raw-material requirement, improve production efficiency, reduce production cost, and make sheet material fine microstructures, the stable performance of preparation, to be applicable to prepare sizes fine-grained steel plate.
The preparation method of the steel plate that the present invention proposes, comprises the following steps:
(1) in melting container, add raw material, raw material is steel leftover pieces;
(2) open melting thermal source, the steel leftover pieces in melting container are heated to steel smelting temperature, carry out melting, smelting time is 3 ~ 5 minutes;
(3) air pressure or deadweight mode is adopted, steel solution in melting container is dripped through melting container small hole at bottom part, according to the physical dimension of machining sheet, steel solution is spread and overlays on slab, the relative moving speed of melting container and machining sheet is: 0.02 ~ 0.2 meter per second;
(4) while steel solution paving overlays on slab, thermomechanical processing is carried out to steel metal level in Pu Fu limit, limit, the grain refinement of the steel metal level tissue that paving is covered, obtains the pre-manufactured steel slab of fine grained texture, and thermomechanical is processed as any one in rolling, forging, stirring or vibration;
(5) machining is carried out to the pre-manufactured steel slab of above-mentioned steps (4), make the surfacing of pre-manufactured steel slab, obtain steel plate.
The preparation method of the steel plate that the present invention proposes, prepare compared with fine-grained steel plate method with traditional, adopt based on the molten drop paving of induction smelting technique cover/thermomechanical process technology prepares thin crystalline substance (<10 μm) and Ultra-fine Grained (<1 μm) steel plate, has the following advantages:
1, the preparation method of the steel plate of the present invention's proposition, adopt molten drop paving cover/thermomechanical processing method, steel metal bath can be sprayed by continuous print, realize deposit metallic material continuously, process line prepared by fine-grained steel plate shortens greatly, and production efficiency improves greatly.Adopt the method for extrusion molding/thermomechanical processing, can by the method for the continuously extruded tapping wire after heat machining that is shaped, realize successively spreading continuously covering metal material, process line prepared by fine-grained steel plate shortens, and production efficiency improves.
2, preparation method of the present invention, adopt molten drop paving cover/thermomechanical processing method, to raw material require low, can be the obsolete materials such as the leftover pieces of steel, bar, plate, therefore greatly reduce production cost.Adopt the method for extrusion molding/thermomechanical processing, require that material is bar, less demanding to raw material, reduce production cost.
3, preparation method of the present invention, adopt molten drop paving cover/thermomechanical processing method, can according to the composition of the steel trade mark, the fine-grained steel plate of composition required for melting.
4, preparation method of the present invention, adopts the method for extrusion molding/thermomechanical processing, in the process preparing steel plate, steel metal material is in mecystasis all the time, reduce the input of heating heat, thus reduce the thermal residual strain in steel plate, reduce distortion and the cracking of pre-manufactured steel slab.
5, preparation method of the present invention is adopted, the preparation of different material layer composite plate can be realized easily, both the thin brilliant sheet material of single composition of steel can have been prepared, also can repeat to spread by this method the alloy covering heterogeneity, the alloy composite plate of preparation multilayer different-alloy composition, therefore different application demands can be adapted to, and each layer metallic plate Dou Shi fine grained texture, the interface cohesion of interlayer is good.
6, preparation method of the present invention, can prepare the fine-grained steel plate of various sizes, shape.
7, preparation method of the present invention, except for the preparation of steel plate, can also for the preparation of the various metallic element with complicated shape.
Detailed description of the invention
The preparation method of the steel plate that the present invention proposes, comprises the following steps:
(1) in melting container, add raw material, raw material is steel leftover pieces;
(2) open melting thermal source, the steel leftover pieces in melting container are heated to steel smelting temperature, carry out melting, smelting time is 3 ~ 5 minutes;
(3) air pressure or deadweight mode is adopted, steel solution in melting container is dripped through melting container small hole at bottom part, according to the physical dimension of machining sheet, steel solution is spread and overlays on slab, the relative moving speed of melting container and machining sheet is: 0.02 ~ 0.2 meter per second;
(4) while steel solution paving overlays on slab, thermomechanical processing is carried out to steel metal level in Pu Fu limit, limit, the grain refinement of the steel metal level tissue that paving is covered, obtains the pre-manufactured steel slab of fine grained texture, and thermomechanical is processed as any one in rolling, forging, stirring or vibration;
(5) machining is carried out to the pre-manufactured steel slab of above-mentioned steps (4), make the surfacing of pre-manufactured steel slab, obtain steel plate.
The preparation method of above-mentioned steel plate, Steel Bar can also be adopted to be raw material, and carry out extruded in a solid state, detailed process is as follows:
(1) in extrusion die, add raw material, raw material is Steel Bar;
(2) open heat source, the Steel Bar in extrusion die is heated to the smelting temperature of 0.7 ~ 0.75 times of steel, the heat time is 3 ~ 5 minutes;
(3) adopt drift to be steel wire by Steel Bar extrusion molding, steel wire diameter is less than 10mm, and after steel wire is extruded via the aperture bottom extrusion die, paving overlays on pre-manufactured steel slab.Extrusion die axes normal is in pre-manufactured steel slab, and the relative moving speed of extrusion die and machining sheet is: 0.02 ~ 0.2 meter per second;
(4) while steel wire paving overlays on pre-manufactured steel slab, thermomechanical processing is carried out to the steel wire that paving is layed onto pre-manufactured steel steel slab surface in extrusion molding limit, limit, the steel wire that paving is covered and pre-manufactured steel slab link together, and make the grain refinement of pre-manufactured steel slab tissue, obtain the pre-manufactured steel slab of fine grained texture, thermomechanical is processed as any one in rolling, forging, stirring or vibration;
(5) machining is carried out to the pre-manufactured steel slab of above-mentioned steps (4), make the surfacing of pre-manufactured steel slab, obtain steel plate.
Steel plate preparation method of the present invention, adopts suitable thermal source, the metals such as steel is carried out melting in specific container, and thermal source can be induction melting crucible, induction melting coil, high energy beam current, radio heater.Melting container can be melting kettle, melting coil etc., then adopt air pressure or rely on the methods such as deadweight, steel metal bath in melting container is dripped in the mode of molten drop, paving is layed onto on the surface of slab, and carry out thermomechanical processing to just spreading the metal being still in good mecystasis covered, the methods such as such as micro-forging, micro-rolling, micro-stirring, micro-vibration, smash as-cast structure wherein, crystal grain thinning, improves mechanical property.In order to improve molten drop cooling velocity, molten drop directly can be spread be layed onto and have on the metallic plate of cooling system, like this can the crystal grain of refinement sheet material further.
Steel plate preparation method of the present invention, adopt suitable thermal source, after the metals such as Steel Bar are heated in extrusion die, be steel wire by Steel Bar extrusion molding, steel wire is layed onto on the surface of pre-manufactured steel slab by paving, and to just spreading the surface being layed onto pre-manufactured steel slab, the steel wire being still in good mecystasis carries out thermomechanical processing, the methods such as such as micro-forging, micro-rolling, micro-stirring, micro-vibration, realize the connection of steel wire and pre-manufactured steel slab, and the crystal grain of refinement pre-manufactured steel slab, improve mechanical property.In order to improve the cooling velocity of pre-manufactured steel slab, steel wire directly can be spread to be layed onto and have on the metallic plate of cooling system, like this can the crystal grain of refinement sheet material further.
Preparation method of the present invention, when preparing the steel plate containing oxidizable element, can under vacuum to steel leftover pieces carry out melting, paving cover and thermomechanical processing, or under vacuum to Steel Bar carry out extrusion molding, paving cover and thermomechanical processing, in case oxidation.
Below introduce the embodiment of the inventive method:
Embodiment 1:
(1) in melting container, add raw material, raw material is sheet material and bar steel leftover pieces;
(2) open melting thermal source, the steel leftover pieces in melting container are heated to steel smelting temperature, carry out melting, smelting time is 3 minutes;
(3) argon pressurization mode is adopted, the steel solution of melting container is applied to the gas pressure of 0.2MPa, steel solution in melting container is dripped through melting container small hole at bottom part, hole diameter is 5 millimeters, process 1 square metre of sheet material, steel solution is spread to be overlayed on slab, and the relative moving speed of melting container and machining sheet is: 0.1 meter per second;
(4) while steel solution paving overlays on slab, Pu Fu limit, limit is stirred steel metal level, and the grain refinement of the steel metal level tissue that paving is covered, obtains the pre-manufactured steel slab of fine grained texture;
(5) milling is carried out to the pre-manufactured steel slab of above-mentioned steps (4), make the surfacing of pre-manufactured steel slab, obtain steel plate.
Embodiment 2:
(1) in melting container, add raw material, raw material is steel leftover pieces;
(2) open melting thermal source, the steel leftover pieces in melting container are heated to steel smelting temperature, carry out melting, smelting time is 4 minutes;
(3) deadweight mode is adopted, steel solution in melting container is dripped through melting container small hole at bottom part, and hole diameter is 8 millimeters, processes 1 square metre of sheet material, steel solution is spread to be overlayed on slab, and the relative moving speed of melting container and machining sheet is: 0.2 meter per second;
(4) while steel solution paving overlays on slab, Pu Fu limit, limit is forged steel metal level, and the grain refinement of the steel metal level tissue that paving is covered, obtains the pre-manufactured steel slab of fine grained texture;
(5) milling is carried out to the pre-manufactured steel slab of above-mentioned steps (4), make the surfacing of pre-manufactured steel slab, obtain steel plate.
Embodiment 3:
(1) in extrusion die, add raw material, raw material is Steel Bar;
(2) open heat source, the Steel Bar in extrusion die is heated to the steel smelting temperature of 0.75 times, the heat time is 3 minutes;
(3) adopt drift to be steel wire by Steel Bar extrusion molding, steel wire diameter is 5mm, and after steel wire is extruded via the aperture bottom extrusion die, paving overlays on pre-manufactured steel slab.Extrusion die axes normal is in pre-manufactured steel slab, and the relative moving speed of extrusion die and machining sheet is: 0.1 meter per second;
(4) while steel wire paving overlays on pre-manufactured steel slab, stirring and processing is carried out to the steel wire that paving is layed onto pre-manufactured steel steel slab surface in extrusion molding limit, limit, the steel wire that paving is covered and pre-manufactured steel slab link together, and make the grain refinement of pre-manufactured steel slab tissue, obtain the pre-manufactured steel slab of fine grained texture;
(5) milling is carried out to the pre-manufactured steel slab of above-mentioned steps (4), make the surfacing of pre-manufactured steel slab, obtain steel plate.
Claims (2)
1. a preparation method for steel plate, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) in melting container, add raw material, raw material is steel leftover pieces;
(2) open melting thermal source, the steel leftover pieces in melting container are heated to the smelting temperature of steel, carry out melting, smelting time is 3 ~ 5 minutes;
(3) air pressure or deadweight mode is adopted, steel solution in melting container is dripped through melting container small hole at bottom part, wherein the diameter of aperture is 5 millimeters or 8 millimeters, according to the physical dimension of machining sheet, steel solution is spread to be overlayed on slab, and the relative moving speed of melting container and machining sheet is: 0.02 ~ 0.2 meter per second;
(4) while steel solution paving overlays on slab, thermomechanical processing is carried out to just spreading the metal being still in good mecystasis covered, thermomechanical processing is carried out to steel metal level in Pu Fu limit, limit, the grain refinement of the steel metal level tissue that paving is covered, obtain the pre-manufactured steel slab of fine grained texture, thermomechanical is processed as the one in micro-rolling, micro-forging, micro-stirring or micro-vibration;
(5) machining is carried out to the pre-manufactured steel slab of above-mentioned steps (4), make the surfacing of pre-manufactured steel slab, obtain steel plate.
2. a preparation method for steel plate, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) in extrusion die, add raw material, raw material is Steel Bar;
(2) open heat source, the Steel Bar in extrusion die is heated to the smelting temperature of 0.7 ~ 0.75 times of steel, the heat time is 3 ~ 5 minutes;
(3) drift is adopted to be steel wire by Steel Bar extrusion molding, steel wire diameter is less than 10 millimeters, after steel wire is extruded via the aperture bottom extrusion die, paving overlays on pre-manufactured steel slab, extrusion die axes normal is in pre-manufactured steel slab, and the relative moving speed of extrusion die and machining sheet is: 0.02 ~ 0.2 meter per second;
(4) while steel wire paving overlays on pre-manufactured steel slab, thermomechanical processing is carried out to just spreading the wire being still in good mecystasis covered, thermomechanical processing is carried out to the steel wire that paving is layed onto pre-manufactured steel steel slab surface in extrusion molding limit, limit, the steel wire that paving is covered and pre-manufactured steel slab link together, and make the grain refinement of pre-manufactured steel slab tissue, obtain the pre-manufactured steel slab of fine grained texture, thermomechanical is processed as the one in micro-rolling, micro-forging, micro-stirring or micro-vibration;
(5) machining is carried out to the pre-manufactured steel slab of above-mentioned steps (4), make the surfacing of pre-manufactured steel slab, obtain steel plate.
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| CN201210350153.XA CN102836976B (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2012-09-19 | Preparation method for steel plate |
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| CN104504169A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-04-08 | 燕山大学 | Structural design of M-shaped novel hole pattern for implementing multidirectional large plastic strain bar rolling |
| CN106244896A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-21 | 芜湖常瑞汽车部件有限公司 | Good automobile front lamp support of the big tensile strength of outer wall hardness and preparation method thereof |
| CN106222408A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 芜湖常瑞汽车部件有限公司 | The preparation method of the right front door snap close fixed plate that tensile strength high-alloy steel materials is made |
| CN106282749A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 合肥常青机械股份有限公司 | Reduce surface roughness oil filler liner plate reducing the raising of allowance intensity and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1597159A (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2005-03-23 | 南京钢铁联合有限公司 | Semi-solid-state milling technology of cast iron plate material |
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| CN101049669A (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2007-10-10 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method for cold rolling sheet of duriron |
| CN101298082A (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2008-11-05 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第十二研究所 | Continuous casting heat composite apparatus and method for preparing copper lead alloy-steel shaft bushing material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS609829A (en) * | 1983-06-25 | 1985-01-18 | Nippon Stainless Steel Co Ltd | Production of austenitic stainless steel plate for road mirror |
| KR100356706B1 (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2002-12-18 | 주식회사 포스코 | Hot rolled steel sheet with excellent workability and weather resistance and manufacturing method |
| CN201295754Y (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-08-26 | 杨云峰 | Precision spray forming - layer-by-layer rolling repair and manufacturing equipment |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1715436A (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2006-01-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Process for producing super high carbon steel |
| CN1597159A (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2005-03-23 | 南京钢铁联合有限公司 | Semi-solid-state milling technology of cast iron plate material |
| CN1923388A (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-07 | 李铁铎 | Stainless compound steel plate belt blank spray casting, tandem rolling apparatus and production method thereof |
| CN101049669A (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2007-10-10 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method for cold rolling sheet of duriron |
| CN101298082A (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2008-11-05 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第十二研究所 | Continuous casting heat composite apparatus and method for preparing copper lead alloy-steel shaft bushing material |
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