CN102820490A - Alkaline storage battery - Google Patents
Alkaline storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102820490A CN102820490A CN2012103044445A CN201210304444A CN102820490A CN 102820490 A CN102820490 A CN 102820490A CN 2012103044445 A CN2012103044445 A CN 2012103044445A CN 201210304444 A CN201210304444 A CN 201210304444A CN 102820490 A CN102820490 A CN 102820490A
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- plate
- alkaline
- storage battery
- alkaline storage
- negative
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses an alkaline storage battery, which comprises a positive plate, a negative plate and a conductive solution. The positive plate is a Ti positive plate, the negative plate is an Ni negative plate, and the conductive solution is an alkaline conductive solution. The alkaline storage battery disclosed in the invention adopts the Ti plate characterized by low electric potential, corrosion resistance and high conductivity as the positive plate, and takes Ni as the negative plate, thus increasing the potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and improving the charging speed of the alkaline storage battery provided in the invention. The alkaline storage battery of the invention employs environment-friendly Ti as an electrode material, and solves the environmental protection problem that current nickel-cadmium alkaline storage batteries can cause cadmium pollution on the environment. Further, when conducting waste treatment on the alkaline storage battery of the invention, no complicated recycling operation is needed, and an electrode plate recovered material can be used as a soil fertilizer. The alkaline storage battery provided in the invention uses low cost Ti as the electrode plate so as to have a reduced production cost, which is reduced by about 40% compared with the current nickel-cadmium alkaline storage batteries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to storage battery, particularly alkaline battery.
Background technology
Nickel-cadmium alkaline battery for one of more and the most common storage battery of present consumption, mainly comprises positive electrode Ni plate, negative material Cd plate and electrolyte NaOH solution.Existing nickel-cadmium alkaline battery because the potential difference between the positive and negative pole material is less, makes nickel-cadmium alkaline battery exist the slow shortcoming of charging rate; And contain the more serious cadmium element of environmental pollution in the negative material that uses, make said nickel-cadmium alkaline battery exist the shortcoming of not environmental protection.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the existing charging rate of prior art alkaline battery slow with the more serious deficiency of environmental pollution, provide charging rate comparatively fast and than the alkaline battery of environmental protection.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides following technical scheme:
Alkaline battery comprises positive plate, negative plate and conductive liquid, and said positive plate is the Ti positive plate, and said negative plate is the Ni negative plate, and said conductive liquid is alkaline conductive liquid.
In order to improve the conductance of above-mentioned alkaline battery, and then improve the charging rate of alkaline battery, the pH value of above-mentioned alkaline conductive liquid is preferably 8.50-10.05.Above-mentioned alkaline conductive liquid is in described pH value scope, and free ion free in the alkaline conductive liquid is more, makes the conductive capability of conductive liquid better, the chemical reaction velocity when improving battery charge in the battery, and then the charging rate of raising storage battery; Simultaneously, in described pH value scope, the OH that dissociates in the alkaline conductive liquid
-Moderate, avoided battery lead plate being caused corrosion, thereby shortened useful life of storage battery because of alkalescence is excessive, also avoided increasing the difficulty and the cost of the waste and old processing of storage battery because of alkalescence is excessive.
For the further conductance that improves above-mentioned alkaline battery, and then the charging rate of raising alkaline battery, the pH value of above-mentioned alkaline conductive liquid further is preferably 9.00-10.00.The pH value of above-mentioned alkaline conductive liquid is the best with 9.50.
In order further to improve the conductance of above-mentioned alkaline battery, and then further improve the charging rate of alkaline battery again, above-mentioned alkaline conductive liquid is preferably NaOH solution.The NaOH solution that the inventive method is selected to belong to strong electrolyte is as conductive liquid; Make electrical efficiency high; And the NaOH solution conductivity liquid that the inventive method is selected is compared with the conductive liquid such as KOH solution as strong electrolyte, and it is cheap, thereby reduces the production cost of storage battery of the present invention.
In order to improve the electric capacity of above-mentioned alkaline battery, make above-mentioned alkaline battery electric power storage more, consider the weight and the cost that alleviate and reduce above-mentioned alkaline battery simultaneously, the thickness of above-mentioned Ti positive plate and Ni negative plate is preferably 0.8-1.5mm respectively.Further being preferably 0.9-1.2mm, is best with 1.0mm.Find that according to inventor's long term studies when the thickness of Ti positive plate and Ni negative plate was lower than 0.8mm, the electric capacity of storage battery was lower, not only can not satisfy the requirement of people to battery capacity, but also can reduce the performance and cost ratio of storage battery; When the thickness of Ti positive plate and Ni negative plate is higher than 1.2mm; Though the capacitance of storage battery can increase; But the weight of storage battery and cost also increase greatly, thereby have reduced the performance and cost ratio of storage battery largely, also with the big shortcoming of storage battery heavy burden; So in the methods of the invention, the inventor selects to use Ti positive plate and the Ni negative plate with above-mentioned thickness.
In order further to improve the electric capacity of above-mentioned alkaline battery; Make above-mentioned alkaline battery electric power storage more; Consider the weight and the cost that alleviate and reduce above-mentioned alkaline battery simultaneously, the volume ratio of above-mentioned Ti positive plate, Ni negative plate and alkaline conductive liquid is preferably 1:1:2.8～3.2.The volume ratio of above-mentioned Ti positive plate, Ni negative plate and alkaline conductive liquid is best with 1:1:3.
In order further to improve the electric capacity of above-mentioned alkaline battery again; Make above-mentioned alkaline battery electric power storage more; Above-mentioned alkaline battery also comprises dividing plate, and the thickness with Ti positive plate and Ni negative plate is identical respectively on the distance values of above-mentioned Ti positive plate and Ni negative plate and dividing plate.Through inventor's long term studies; Distance between Ti positive plate, Ni negative plate and the dividing plate is carried out said setting; Can reduce a plurality of current circuits that have a plurality of different voltages on the storage battery internal cause battery lead plate and produce; Thereby avoid storage battery when charging, to produce short circuit phenomenon to greatest extent, make the storage battery electric power storage more.
The reaction equation of alkaline battery of the present invention is following:
(1) exoelectrical reaction formula:
Negative reaction: Ni+2OH
-→ Ni (OH)
2+ 2e
-
Anodal reaction: 2e
-+ TiO
2+ 2H
2O → Ti (OH)
2+ 2OH
-
Overall reaction: Ni+TiO
2+ 2H
2O → Ni (OH)
2+ Ti (OH)
2
(2) charging reaction equation:
Anode reaction: Ti (OH)
2+ 2OH
-→ 2e
-+ TiO
2+ 2H
2O
Cathode reaction: Ni (OH)
2+ 2e
-→ Ni+2OH
-
Overall reaction: Ni (OH)
2+ Ti (OH)
2→ Ni+TiO
2+ 2H
2O
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that has of the present invention:
Alkaline battery of the present invention; The employing Ti plate (current potential is 1.54) that current potential is low, corrosion-resistant and conductance is higher is as positive plate; Ni (current potential is 1.91) as negative plate, has been increased the potential difference between positive and negative electrode, simultaneously; Use the pH value as the strong conductivity sodium hydroxide solution of 9.00-10.00 as conductive liquid, improved the charging rate of alkaline battery of the present invention.
Alkaline battery of the present invention, the Ti that adopts environmentally safe has solved present nickel-cadmium alkaline battery causes cadmium pollution to environment environmental issue as electrode material; Further, when alkaline battery of the present invention is carried out waste and old processing, need not complicated recycling operation, just can the material that reclaim battery lead plate be used as soil and fertilizer.
Alkaline battery of the present invention adopts lower-cost Ti as battery lead plate, has reduced production cost, compares with present nickel-cadmium alkaline battery, and cost reduces about 40%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Test Example and embodiment the present invention is made further detailed description.But should this be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment, allly all belong to scope of the present invention based on the technology that content of the present invention realized.
Embodiment 1 alkaline battery; Comprise Ti positive plate, Ni negative plate and NaOH solution conductivity liquid; The pH value of said conductive liquid is 8.50, and the thickness of said Ti positive plate and Ni negative plate is respectively 0.8mm, and the volume ratio of positive plate, negative plate and conductive liquid is 1:1:2.8.
This routine alkaline battery prepares like this:
With thickness be 0.8mm, area be Ti positive plate and the Ni negative plate of 10 * 35mm after electric activation processing, spacing asbestos dividing plate 0.8mm is separately positioned on the both sides of said asbestos dividing plate, fills pH then and be 8.5 NaOH solution 784mL.
This routine alkaline battery capacity is 200Ah, and the charging interval is 1 hour 10 minutes, and the charging interval is short, and charging rate is fast.
Comparative Examples 1 gets the Ni positive plate identical with area with embodiment 1 battery lead plate thickness and Cd negative plate, identical asbestos dividing plate and the NaOH solution with embodiment 1; Prepare nickel-cadmium alkaline battery by preparing the identical method of embodiment 1 battery among the embodiment 1; Different is that positive electrode is the Ni plate, and negative material is the Cd plate.
This Comparative Examples alkaline battery capacity is 200Ah, and the charging interval is 15 hours.
Can be known with Comparative Examples 1 by embodiment 1: embodiment 1 alkaline battery adopts the lower Ti plate of current potential as positive plate; And the Ni plate is as negative plate; Make the potential difference between the electrode bigger, improved the electromotive force of storage battery, make the charging interval of storage battery short; Speed is fast, and its charging rate is about 10 times of same electrical capacity nickel-cadmium alkaline battery (Comparative Examples 1 nickel-cadmium alkaline battery); Embodiment 1 has adopted cheap Ti plate as electrode material, and resulting its cost of titanium nickel alkaline battery is compared with the nickel-cadmium alkaline battery that has adopted the expensive cadmium plate of price to make in the Comparative Examples 1, has saved about 40% material cost.
Embodiment 2-5 alkaline batterys, the area of Ti positive plate and Ni negative plate is 10 * 35mm, and other parameter is as shown in table 1.
Table one
For the ease of test; The alkaline battery Ti positive plate among the embodiment 1-5 and the area of Ni negative plate are 10 * 35mm; In actual production; Those of ordinary skills can increase or reduce the area of battery lead plate according to different battery capacity needs, to obtain the alkaline battery of big or small electric capacity.
Claims (10)
1. alkaline battery comprises positive plate, negative plate and conductive liquid, it is characterized in that, said positive plate is the Ti positive plate, and said negative plate is the Ni negative plate, and said conductive liquid is alkaline conductive liquid.
2. alkaline battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the pH value of said alkaline conductive liquid is 8.50-10.05.
3. alkaline battery according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the pH value of said alkaline conductive liquid is 9.00-10.00.
4. alkaline battery according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said alkaline conductive liquid is a NaOH solution.
5. according to the arbitrary described alkaline battery of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the thickness of said Ti positive plate is 0.8-1.5mm, the thickness of Ni negative plate is 0.8-1.5mm.
6. alkaline battery according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the thickness of said Ti positive plate is 0.9-1.2mm, and the thickness of Ni negative plate is 0.9-1.2mm.
7. alkaline battery according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the volume ratio of said Ti positive plate, Ni negative plate and alkaline conductive liquid is 1:1:2.8～3.2.
8. according to the arbitrary described alkaline battery of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the volume ratio of said Ti positive plate, Ni negative plate and alkaline conductive liquid is 1:1:2.8～3.2.
9. alkaline battery according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the volume ratio of said Ti positive plate, Ni negative plate and alkaline conductive liquid is 1:1:3.
10. according to the arbitrary described alkaline battery of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that said alkaline battery also comprises dividing plate, the thickness with Ti positive plate and Ni negative plate is identical respectively for the distance of said Ti positive plate and Ni negative plate and dividing plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103044445A CN102820490A (en) | 2012-08-24 | 2012-08-24 | Alkaline storage battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103044445A CN102820490A (en) | 2012-08-24 | 2012-08-24 | Alkaline storage battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102820490A true CN102820490A (en) | 2012-12-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103044445A Pending CN102820490A (en) | 2012-08-24 | 2012-08-24 | Alkaline storage battery |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1143839A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1997-02-26 | 佳能株式会社 | Electrodes for secondary cells, process for their production, and secondary cells having such electrodes |
| CN101179137A (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-05-14 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Alkaline storage battery |
-
2012
- 2012-08-24 CN CN2012103044445A patent/CN102820490A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1143839A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1997-02-26 | 佳能株式会社 | Electrodes for secondary cells, process for their production, and secondary cells having such electrodes |
| CN101179137A (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-05-14 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Alkaline storage battery |
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Application publication date: 20121212 |