CN102818659A - Measurement system and measurement method for heating water loss - Google Patents
Measurement system and measurement method for heating water loss Download PDFInfo
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- CN102818659A CN102818659A CN2011101535467A CN201110153546A CN102818659A CN 102818659 A CN102818659 A CN 102818659A CN 2011101535467 A CN2011101535467 A CN 2011101535467A CN 201110153546 A CN201110153546 A CN 201110153546A CN 102818659 A CN102818659 A CN 102818659A
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Abstract
A heating water loss measurement system comprises a calculator, a display, a communication module, an incoming water temperature sensor, a return water temperature sensor, an inlet flow meter, a return flow meter, a heat exchanger, an inlet pipeline and a return pipeline. The heat exchanger is disposed between the incoming water temperature sensor and the return water temperature sensor. A heating water loss method of the heating water loss measurement system includes: using the calculator to calculate consumed heat and water loss of the system according to measurement parameters. The heating water loss measurement system and the heating water loss method have the advantages that heat measurement achieves functions of a common heat meter, such as heat calculation and flow-temperature measurement; water loss measurement provides data basis for determining water loss nodes and water loss volume; water loss and heat loss provide data basis for calculation of controlling and heating cost of a heating system; and remote data transmission provides real-time data for real-time monitoring and regulation of the heating system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to instrument field, particularly a kind of heat supply dehydration measuring system and measuring method.
Background technology
The concentrated supply of heating in the city cause with its energy savings, reduce to pollute, be beneficial to characteristics such as environmental protection, obvious social benefit and more and more receive the great attention of governments at all levels.When the central heating of various scales, form was developed in various places, the water loss problem of heating system was also put in face of whole heating industry with becoming increasingly conspicuous.Along with the heat supply system reform, the commercialization attribute of heat is clear and definite, and the heat supply dehydration and the performance of enterprises and measurement business economic technical indicator dependent interaction are increasing.
Nowadays, water, electricity, gas have been implemented household metering mostly, and the consumer rethinks " it is economical to juggle things " not a duck soup.But be similarly the heat energy of commodity,, just become the object that some hot users " scrounge ": with the hot water wash pot in the heating installation, have a bath, flush the toilet, mop floor, wash clothes etc. because of not accomplishing also that now Every household has an ammeter.From the statistical report form of certain city heating power Ltd of being responsible for central heating, can find out; In 5 the heating phases in 2002 to 2007; The dehydration of central heating secondary pipe network accumulative total reaches 229.79 ten thousand tons; Loses heat about 719243 is lucky burnt, and only these two direct economic losses are amounted to Renminbi just up to about 1,279 ten thousand yuan.It is estimated that in heating phase this winter, the direct economic loss that 1,400 ten thousand square metres of Areas benefiting from central heating cause because of dehydration will be about 6,000,000 yuan.What startling numeral comprised behind is not only the loss of the unable day by day carrying of Thermal Corp, and jeopardize the life-span of pipe network and safely, involve heating quality, cause a part of hot user to endure cold in the winter of cold.
Analyze dehydration and cause main cause
1. system aging causes pipe network to leak accounting for the 1/3-1/2 of total rate of water make-up; 2. the heat supply network imbalance causes the people for discharging water, and accounts for 1/4 of total rate of water make-up; 3. connect heating installation steathily, malice discharges water, and accounts for total rate of water make-up 1/3.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to reduce the loss that the heating system dehydration causes, alleviating the people to a certain extent is the loss that discharges water and bring to heating system, and the spy provides a kind of heat supply dehydration measuring system.
The invention provides a kind of heat supply dehydration measuring system, it is characterized in that: described heat supply dehydration measuring system comprises counter 1, display device 2; Communication module 3, inflow temperature sensor 4, return water temperature sensor 5; Inlet flow rate meter 6, circling water flow rate meter 7, heat exchanger 8; Inlet pipeline 9, water return pipeline 10;
Wherein: display device 2, communication module 3, inflow temperature sensor 4, return water temperature sensor 5, inlet flow rate meter 6 and circling water flow rate meter 7 are connected with counter 1 respectively; Inflow temperature sensor 4 is installed on the inlet pipeline 9 with inlet flow rate meter 6; Return water temperature sensor 5 is installed on the water return pipeline 10 with circling water flow rate meter 7, and heat exchanger 8 is installed between inflow temperature sensor 4 and the return water temperature sensor 5.
A kind of heat supply dehydration measuring method that adopts the described heat supply dehydration of claim 1 measuring system; It is characterized in that: described heat supply dehydration measuring method is: the flow of inlet water instrumentation goes out to get into the volumetric flow rate of heating system water; The circling water flow rate instrumentation goes out to flow out the volumetric flow rate of system water; The inflow temperature sensor is measured supply water temperature, and the return water temperature sensor is measured return water temperature, and unification is sent to counter to signal; Counter goes out the calorie value and the fluid loss of system consumption according to measurement parameter according to following algorithm computation;
The heat Calculation principle is:
In the formula:
The heat that Q---system discharges or absorbs, unit are burnt (J);
Qm---the mass rate of the water of the calorimeter of flowing through, unit is kilogram hour (kg/h);
Qv---the volumetric flow rate of the water of the calorimeter of flowing through, unit is cubic meter hour (m3/h);
ρ---the density of the water of the calorimeter of flowing through, unit is kilogram cubic meter (kg/m3);
Δ h---the enthalpy of water is poor under heat-exchange system import and outlet temperature, and unit is burnt kilogram (J/kg);
T---the time, unit is hour (h).
Fluid loss:
V=V
1-V
2
The measurement of
flow of inlet water and circling water flow rate
Because advance, return water temperature is different with pressure, the volume of medium changes.For the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must compensate calculating to flow;
Because advance, capacity of returns meter itself all has error, for the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must to advance, capacity of returns meter error range controls;
Solution:
The design of
metering circuit:
Low power dissipation design:Measure the calorimeter of the dehydration water yield, with respect to the ordinary hot scale many a circling water flow rate meter, power consumption obviously increases, because calorimeter all is a powered battery, so the low power dissipation design of circuit is particularly important;
The realization of counter low-power consumption:
In Embedded Application, the power consumption of system more and more receives people's attention, and this point is especially obvious for the battery powered system of needs.For being the Embedded Application of core with the single-chip microcomputer, the minimizing us and mainly start with of system power dissipation from soft, hardware designs two aspects.
16 series monolithic MSP430 that hardware aspect selects for use TI company to release in recent years, MSP430 have adopted the up-to-date Low-power Technology of TI company as a kind of novel single-chip microcomputer, and peripheral chip also adopts the device of low-power consumption;
The software aspect adopts interrupt mode work, when CPU does not have task, gets into low power mode of operation 3, and the working current of complete machine has only 4 uA; Power consumption when adding up-sampling, average current is less than 10 uA; The lithium battery of 2000mAh can use more than 10 years; In addition, the power supply of CPU control cut-out temperature measurement circuit when not sampling;
The realization of flow sensor low-power consumption:
Calorimeter is owing to adopt the electronic flow sensor; In the application that no magnetic signal is gathered, all effective in order to make at the range that requires, domestic common way is to have to increase the exciting current of sensor; Thereby increase the sensor sample frequency; But this certainly will significantly increase the power consumption of sensor, for the normal use at initial stage of satisfying calorimeter, has to reduce the heat Calculation frequency.The heat accuracy will be overproof in the fast slightly heating system of temperature variation like this.
Boat is sent out through the application of Adaptive Control Theory in the heat quantity flow signals collecting, has realized frequency conversion flow signal acquisition technology; A flow sensor low-power consumption and a high speed acquisition gordian technique difficult problem have been solved, the sensitivity that has improved sensor;
Anti-interference Design:
Measure the calorimeter of the dehydration water yield, with respect to the ordinary hot scale many a circling water flow rate meter, the installation site distance calculator is far away; Whether available flow sensor interference free performance quality be to estimate flow sensor a important symbol, and extraneous high-frequency electromagnetic disturbs, and can directly influence flow sensor signal and transmit; Even influence program run and cause deadlock; Must control through program filtering, and use the high frequency capacitance reliable ground, guarantee certain High frequency filter;
Temperature compensated flow is measured:
Because advance, return water temperature is different with pressure, the volume of medium changes, and for the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must compensate calculating to flow.
Counter through advance, backflow flowmeter measurement flow signal, simultaneously according to advance, the return water temperature measured value, and use the internal temperature density table of comparisons to calculate, accurately calculate into, circling water flow rate;
Pairing flowmeter error Control scope:
Because advance, capacity of returns meter itself all has error, for the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must to advance, capacity of returns meter error range controls;
Requirement according to CJ128-2007 " calorimeter " flow sensor:
One-level table
Secondary table
Three grades of tables
Wherein:
-flow commonly used, unit is m
3/ h
The error that can calculate the minimum flow of three grades of tables from above formula (with the standard particular provisions) is
5%; The boundary flow is
3.5%, and flow commonly used is
3.05%; Obviously use the conference of two flowmeter errors to amplify one times;
So must adopt the flowmeter method of matching, come the error of Control Flow meter difference;
The flowmeter pairing:
The measurement range of the flow of regulation dehydration.
The repeatability of flowmeter will satisfy the matching request of flowmeter.
Error is not more than
3% in the measurement range of flow.
Advantage of the present invention:
Heat supply dehydration measuring system of the present invention and measuring method have following three major advantages:
1. calorimetry: heat supply dehydration measuring system can be accomplished the function of ordinary hot scale.The calculating of heat, the measurement of flow and temperature.
2. dehydration is measured: heat supply dehydration measuring system can be accomplished the measurement that dehydration is measured, and for judging the dehydration node and the dehydration water yield data foundation is provided.
3. dehydration thermal losses: heat supply dehydration measuring system can be accomplished the calculating of dehydration thermal losses, for the calculating of the control of heating system and heat cost provides the data basis.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is a heat supply dehydration measuring system principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is a heat supply dehydration measuring system structural representation.
Embodiment
Present embodiment provides a kind of heat supply dehydration measuring system, it is characterized in that: described heat supply dehydration measuring system comprises counter 1, display device 2; Communication module 3, inflow temperature sensor 4, return water temperature sensor 5; Inlet flow rate meter 6, circling water flow rate meter 7, heat exchanger 8; Inlet pipeline 9, water return pipeline 10;
Wherein: display device 2, communication module 3, inflow temperature sensor 4, return water temperature sensor 5, inlet flow rate meter 6 and circling water flow rate meter 7 are connected with counter 1 respectively; Inflow temperature sensor 4 is installed on the inlet pipeline 9 with inlet flow rate meter 6; Return water temperature sensor 5 is installed on the water return pipeline 10 with circling water flow rate meter 7, and heat exchanger 8 is installed between inflow temperature sensor 4 and the return water temperature sensor 5.
A kind of heat supply dehydration measuring method that adopts the described heat supply dehydration of claim 1 measuring system; It is characterized in that: described heat supply dehydration measuring method is: the flow of inlet water instrumentation goes out to get into the volumetric flow rate of heating system water; The circling water flow rate instrumentation goes out to flow out the volumetric flow rate of system water; The inflow temperature sensor is measured supply water temperature, and the return water temperature sensor is measured return water temperature, and unification is sent to counter to signal; Counter goes out the calorie value and the fluid loss of system consumption according to measurement parameter according to following algorithm computation;
The heat Calculation principle is:
In the formula:
The heat that Q---system discharges or absorbs, unit are burnt (J);
Qm---the mass rate of the water of the calorimeter of flowing through, unit is kilogram hour (kg/h);
Qv---the volumetric flow rate of the water of the calorimeter of flowing through, unit is cubic meter hour (m3/h);
ρ---the density of the water of the calorimeter of flowing through, unit is kilogram cubic meter (kg/m3);
Δ h---the enthalpy of water is poor under heat-exchange system import and outlet temperature, and unit is burnt kilogram (J/kg);
T---the time, unit is hour (h).
Fluid loss:
V=V
1-V
2
The measurement of
flow of inlet water and circling water flow rate
Because advance, return water temperature is different with pressure, the volume of medium changes.For the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must compensate calculating to flow;
Because advance, capacity of returns meter itself all has error, for the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must to advance, capacity of returns meter error range controls;
Solution:
The design of
metering circuit:
Low power dissipation design:Measure the calorimeter of the dehydration water yield, with respect to the ordinary hot scale many a circling water flow rate meter, power consumption obviously increases, because calorimeter all is a powered battery, so the low power dissipation design of circuit is particularly important;
The realization of counter low-power consumption:
In Embedded Application, the power consumption of system more and more receives people's attention, and this point is especially obvious for the battery powered system of needs.For being the Embedded Application of core with the single-chip microcomputer, the minimizing us and mainly start with of system power dissipation from soft, hardware designs two aspects.
16 series monolithic MSP430 that hardware aspect selects for use TI company to release in recent years, MSP430 have adopted the up-to-date Low-power Technology of TI company as a kind of novel single-chip microcomputer, and peripheral chip also adopts the device of low-power consumption;
The software aspect adopts interrupt mode work, when CPU does not have task, gets into low power mode of operation 3, and the working current of complete machine has only 4 uA; Power consumption when adding up-sampling, average current is less than 10 uA; The lithium battery of 2000mAh can use more than 10 years; In addition, the power supply of CPU control cut-out temperature measurement circuit when not sampling;
The realization of flow sensor low-power consumption:
Calorimeter is owing to adopt the electronic flow sensor; In the application of flow signal acquisition, all effective in order to make at the range that requires, domestic common way is to have to increase the exciting current of sensor; Thereby increase the sensor sample frequency; But this certainly will significantly increase the power consumption of sensor, for the normal use at initial stage of satisfying calorimeter, has to reduce the heat Calculation frequency.The heat accuracy will be overproof in the fast slightly heating system of temperature variation like this.
Boat is sent out through the application of Adaptive Control Theory in the heat quantity flow signals collecting, has realized frequency conversion flow signal acquisition technology; A flow sensor low-power consumption and a high speed acquisition gordian technique difficult problem have been solved, the sensitivity that has improved sensor;
Anti-interference Design:
Measure the calorimeter of the dehydration water yield, with respect to the ordinary hot scale many a circling water flow rate meter, the installation site distance calculator is far away; Whether available flow sensor interference free performance quality be to estimate flow sensor a important symbol, and extraneous high-frequency electromagnetic disturbs, and can directly influence flow sensor signal and transmit; Even influence program run and cause deadlock; Must control through program filtering, and use the high frequency capacitance reliable ground, guarantee certain High frequency filter;
Temperature compensated flow is measured:
Because advance, return water temperature is different with pressure, the volume of medium changes, and for the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must compensate calculating to flow.
Counter through advance, backflow flowmeter measurement flow signal, simultaneously according to advance, the return water temperature measured value, and use the internal temperature density table of comparisons to calculate, accurately calculate into, circling water flow rate;
Pairing flowmeter error Control scope:
Because advance, capacity of returns meter itself all has error, for the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must to advance, capacity of returns meter error range controls;
Requirement according to CJ128-2007 " calorimeter " flow sensor:
One-level table
Secondary table
Three grades of tables
Wherein:
-flow commonly used, unit is m
3/ h
The error that can calculate the minimum flow of three grades of tables from above formula (with the standard particular provisions) is
5%; The boundary flow is
3.5%, and flow commonly used is
3.05%; Obviously use the conference of two flowmeter errors to amplify one times;
So must adopt the flowmeter method of matching, come the error of Control Flow meter difference;
The flowmeter pairing:
The measurement range of the flow of regulation dehydration.
The repeatability of flowmeter will satisfy the matching request of flowmeter.
Error is not more than
3% in the measurement range of flow.
The communication mode that meets international standard
Employing meets the data center that international standard EN13757 communication mode (meeting the national standard " community's energy collection is copied standard " that is about to promulgation simultaneously) promptly and accurately transmits data, to the real-time monitoring and the adjustment of heating system, the real time data basis is provided.
Claims (2)
1. heat supply dehydration measuring system, it is characterized in that: described heat supply dehydration measuring system comprises counter (1), display device (2); Communication module (3), inflow temperature sensor (4), return water temperature sensor (5); Inlet flow rate meter (6), circling water flow rate meter (7), heat exchanger (8); Inlet pipeline (9), water return pipeline (10);
Wherein: display device (2), communication module (3), inflow temperature sensor (4), return water temperature sensor (5), inlet flow rate meter (6) and circling water flow rate meter (7) are connected with counter (1) respectively; Inflow temperature sensor (4) and inlet flow rate meter (6) are installed on the inlet pipeline (9); Return water temperature sensor (5) and circling water flow rate meter (7) are installed on the water return pipeline (10), and heat exchanger (8) is installed between inflow temperature sensor (4) and the return water temperature sensor (5).
2. heat supply dehydration measuring method that adopts the described heat supply dehydration of claim 1 measuring system; It is characterized in that: described heat supply dehydration measuring method is: the flow of inlet water instrumentation goes out to get into the volumetric flow rate of heating system water; The circling water flow rate instrumentation goes out to flow out the volumetric flow rate of system water; The inflow temperature sensor is measured supply water temperature, and the return water temperature sensor is measured return water temperature, and unification is sent to counter to signal; Counter goes out the calorie value and the fluid loss of system consumption according to measurement parameter according to following algorithm computation;
The heat Calculation principle is:
In the formula:
The heat that Q---system discharges or absorbs, unit are burnt (J);
Qm---the mass rate of the water of the calorimeter of flowing through, unit is kilogram hour (kg/h);
Qv---the volumetric flow rate of the water of the calorimeter of flowing through, unit is cubic meter hour (m3/h);
ρ---the density of the water of the calorimeter of flowing through, unit is kilogram cubic meter (kg/m3);
Δ h---the enthalpy of water is poor under heat-exchange system import and outlet temperature, and unit is burnt kilogram (J/kg);
T---the time, unit is hour (h);
Fluid loss: V=V
1-V
2
The measurement of flow of inlet water and circling water flow rate:
Because advance, return water temperature is different with pressure, the volume of medium changes, and for the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must compensate calculating to flow;
Flow of inlet water meter and circling water flow rate meter error Control:
Because advance, capacity of returns meter itself all has error, for the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must to advance, capacity of returns meter error range controls;
Solution:
The design of
metering circuit:
Low power dissipation design:Measure the calorimeter of the dehydration water yield, with respect to the ordinary hot scale many a circling water flow rate meter, power consumption obviously increases, because calorimeter all is a powered battery, so the low power dissipation design of circuit is particularly important;
The realization of counter low-power consumption: 16 series monolithic MSP430 that hardware aspect selects for use TI company to release in recent years, MSP430 have adopted the up-to-date Low-power Technology of TI company as a kind of novel single-chip microcomputer, and peripheral chip also adopts the device of low-power consumption;
The software aspect adopts interrupt mode work, when CPU does not have task, gets into low power mode of operation 3, and the working current of complete machine has only 4 uA; Power consumption when adding up-sampling, average current is less than 10 uA; The lithium battery of 2000mAh can use more than 10 years; In addition, the power supply of CPU control cut-out temperature measurement circuit when not sampling;
The realization of flow sensor low-power consumption:
Calorimeter through the application of Adaptive Control Theory in the heat quantity flow signals collecting, has been realized frequency conversion flow signal acquisition technology because employing electronic flow sensor is all effective in order to make at the range that requires in the application of flow signal acquisition; A flow sensor low-power consumption and a high speed acquisition gordian technique difficult problem have been solved, the sensitivity that has improved sensor;
Anti-interference Design:
Measure the calorimeter of the dehydration water yield, with respect to the ordinary hot scale many a circling water flow rate meter, the installation site distance calculator is far away; Extraneous high-frequency electromagnetic disturbs; Can directly influence flow sensor signal transmit, even influence program run and cause deadlock, must control through program filtering; And use the high frequency capacitance reliable ground, guarantee certain High frequency filter;
Temperature compensated flow is measured:
Because advance, return water temperature is different with pressure, the volume of medium changes, and for the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must compensate calculating to flow;
Counter through advance, backflow flowmeter measurement flow signal, simultaneously according to advance, the return water temperature measured value, and use the internal temperature density table of comparisons to calculate, accurately calculate into, circling water flow rate;
Pairing flowmeter error Control scope:
Because advance, capacity of returns meter itself all has error, for the accuracy that guarantees to measure, must to advance, capacity of returns meter error range controls;
Adopt the flowmeter method of matching, come the error of Control Flow meter difference;
The flowmeter pairing:
The measurement range of the flow of regulation dehydration;
The repeatability of flowmeter will satisfy the matching request of flowmeter;
Error is not more than
3% in the measurement range of flow;
The communication mode that meets international standard
Employing meets the data center that international standard EN13757 communication mode (meeting the national standard " community's energy collection is copied standard " that is about to promulgation simultaneously) promptly and accurately transmits data, to the real-time monitoring and the adjustment of heating system, the real time data basis is provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101535467A CN102818659A (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2011-06-09 | Measurement system and measurement method for heating water loss |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101535467A CN102818659A (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2011-06-09 | Measurement system and measurement method for heating water loss |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103900265A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 海尔集团公司 | Solar water heater and method for measuring amount of saved energy of solar water heater |
| CN104457918A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-25 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for detecting deviation and correcting for backwater flow |
| TWI618022B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-03-11 | Water resources and energy management, sales system, and pricing and sales method | |
| CN109405061A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-01 | 台州启岳环保科技有限公司 | Hot duct leak-proof device and its hot duct leakproof monitoring method |
| CN112594773A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Heat energy charging method and device |
| CN112594774A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Heat charge metering method and device for multi-grade heat energy based on return water temperature |
| CN112634525A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-09 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Multi-grade heat energy charging method based on return water temperature and time-interval |
| CN112669529A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-16 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Multi-stage grade heat energy charging device |
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| CN2697592Y (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-05-04 | 张景峰 | IC card intelligent heat supply management meter |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103900265A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 海尔集团公司 | Solar water heater and method for measuring amount of saved energy of solar water heater |
| CN103900265B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2017-10-13 | 海尔集团公司 | Solar water heater and energy-saving solar metering method |
| CN104457918A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-25 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for detecting deviation and correcting for backwater flow |
| CN104457918B (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-12-01 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A kind of circling water flow rate detection error modification method |
| TWI618022B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-03-11 | Water resources and energy management, sales system, and pricing and sales method | |
| CN109405061A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-01 | 台州启岳环保科技有限公司 | Hot duct leak-proof device and its hot duct leakproof monitoring method |
| CN112594773A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Heat energy charging method and device |
| CN112594774A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Heat charge metering method and device for multi-grade heat energy based on return water temperature |
| CN112634525A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-09 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Multi-grade heat energy charging method based on return water temperature and time-interval |
| CN112669529A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-16 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Multi-stage grade heat energy charging device |
| CN112594773B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-05-24 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Heat energy charging method and device |
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Application publication date: 20121212 |