CN102817588B - Oil pumping unit dynamic balance timely automatic regulating device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an oil pumping unit dynamic balance timely automatic regulating device and a method for improving an existing oil pumping unit with a crank and a fixed balance weight by utilizing the device. According to the oil pumping unit dynamic balance timely automatic regulating device, an adjustable balance weight part of the oil pumping unit dynamic balance timely automatic regulating device is arranged on the side surface of the crank, the adjustable balance weight part timely moves on the side surface of the crank so as to excellently regulate the dynamic balance of an oil pumping unit, further, the adjustable balance weight part comprises a carrier and one or a plurality of balance weights, the carrier can move along the crank side surface, the one or the plurality of balance weights is/are detachably arranged on the carrier, a hydraulic mechanism drives the carrier, a control device with a central processing unit (CPU) microprocessor detects the dynamic balance of the oil pumping unit and timely controls the hydraulic mechanism, then the timely dynamic balance control of the oil pumping unit is achieved, thereby the control capacity of the oil pumping unit dynamic balance is improved, simultaneously the electrical energy is saved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

A kind of in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit and control method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the in good time self-checking device of a kind of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit and dynamic equilibrium control method, be particularly useful for a kind of for crank, the oil pumper needing to install equilibrate counterweight on crank.

Background technology

Use in a large number on oil field with oil pumper crank being equipped with balancing weight at present.During work, rotary motion is become pumping of sucker rod by connecting rod, walking beam by crank, i.e. upstroke and down stroke, and ideally the electric current of up-down stroke when doing manual work is equal.And when oil pumper real work, because upstroke institute work promotes sucker rod, the weight of liquid measure in all tube chambers after the liquid measure of pump piston front portion and piston, load is large, and down stroke work is lifting crank and balance weight weight object is weight is converted to potential energy, load is less, and for example underground liquid, pump extracts sometimes is liquid measure entirely for the change of tolerance, sometimes extracting is gas, sometimes be oil gas mixture, what also have that the pressure of a factor underground also can be interim changes, because the medium extracted can be incomplete same in a certain period, the difference of pressure, the load of such effect oil pumper on the ground also can present larger phasic Chang, this just illustrates that the electric current being in operation oil pumper up-down stroke consumes is unequal, if the oil pump running in order to safeguard this dynamic unbalance will not appear in adjustment in good time, pumping-unit motor then needs to overcome and exceeds dynamic unbalance part resistance, this just causes motor overload to run, cause torque factor bigger than normal, torque peak on crank is excessive, torsion fluctuation is excessive, motor power consumption also becomes large thereupon, destroy and at the uniform velocity rotate, each drive disk assembly of oil pumper is caused all to be subject to larger impact, make reduction box internal gear unbalance stress, cause tooth pushing, belt creep burns, the link member of kinematic link is as crankpin loose or dislocation, tailing axle, the damage of bottom bracket bearing.

For the problems referred to above, prior art could not well address this problem always:

1, prior art 1, see accompanying drawing 1, this oil pumper fixedly mounts an equilibrate counterweight 11 ' on oil pumping machine crank 12 ', but this means due to equilibrate counterweight position when oil pumper runs be fixing, upper, in down stroke, role is the same, rotate at crank and can not move by opposing cranks constantly, that is the balancing weight that is in operation can not adjust voluntarily in good time, when up-down stroke current differential is excessive, manual stoppage's adjustment can only be carried out, and adjustment is sometimes inaccurate, after in real work, balance of well pumping unit adjusts a period of time (several days or a few week) there will be non-equilibrium state again, so the desirable balance state of oil pumper will be kept to be very difficult,

2, prior art 2, see accompanying drawing 2, cross beam of oil pumping unit 3 " middle part or afterbody arrange a position or the adjustable counter weight device 11 of quality ", but these means are due to crossbeam, and overhead position is very high and crossbeam length is very long, cause this kind of means to be the installation of counter weight device or the maintenance of counter weight device, detect inconvenience all very, and be difficult to ensure the reliably and with long-term operation of oil pumper in extreme natural environment.

3, prior art 3, see accompanying drawing 3, one hydraulic balance device 1 " ' upper end is hinged on walking beam 3 by cylinder piston rod " ' leading portion, oil cylinder bottom-hinged is passed through at oil pumping unit base 11 in lower end " ' on, drive the change of the pressure of the gas of piston action in cylinder to realize the balance of pumping unit load by the swing of walking beam.Although the relatively fixing heavy balancing weight of this technology improves the dynamic balance of oil pumper, but the shortcoming of this prior art is: due to hydraulic balance device 1 " ' be connected directly between walking beam and oil pumping unit base; due to the effect of inertia of walking beam; the work of piston rod is very not steady, and the controllability of adjustment is still very poor.

For this reason, this area urgently a kind of can than prior art can more reliably, easier, realize the new invention that dynamic equilibrium in oil pumper practical work process controls more accurately, more flexibly.

Summary of the invention

The object of the application is to provide the following technical scheme that at least can solve one of technical problem existing for above-mentioned prior art, makes the dynamic equilibrium that the application's energy hinge structure can better realize in oil pumper practical work process.

For solving the problem, application provides following technical scheme:

The technical scheme that the application provides is as follows:

(1) the in good time self-checking device of a kind of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit

The in good time self-checking device of a kind of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit, it is for the cranked oil pumper of a kind of tool, at described crank by the uplink and downlink process that ceaselessly to rotarily drive beam-pumping unit sucker rod and constantly repeat, the in good time self-checking device of described dynamic balance of oil pumping unit is in order to control the balance of oil pumper, the in good time self-checking device of described dynamic balance of oil pumping unit comprises adjustable counterweight parts, these adjustable counterweight parts are located on the side of described crank, and can be moved with the dynamic equilibrium of in good time adjustment oil pumper along described crank side by control.

The basis of technique scheme also can be carried out the improvement of following aspect:

Improvement about crank:

Crank side is provided with the track for the movement of described adjustable counterweight parts in recessed or outstanding mode on the basis of technique scheme, and this track integrally can be made up of crank, also can form separately on crank side.

Improvement about adjustable counterweight parts:

On the basis of technique scheme adjustable counterweight parts comprise one can along the carrier of described crank side movement and one or more dismountable fixing balancing weight on this carrier; Described carrier is provided with can along the described crank track easily slip of movement or rolling structure, and further preferably, the slip of described carrier or rolling structure are movably embedded in the track of described crank;

On the basis of technique scheme, the number of balancing weight and the position of setting can adjust as required, preferably, when selecting multiple balancing weight, described multiple balancing weight can be combined as required, also can divide the diverse location place being located at carrier as required, further preferably, the weight-adjustable of each balancing weight described itself, it is made up of multiple dismountable weight stack stacked together;

On the basis of technique scheme, the opposite side of crank is also provided with in an operation stable equilibrium balancing weight be fixed on fixed weight on crank, crank is reserved with the multiple fixing holes this stable equilibrium balancing weight being carried out to the adjustment of artificial position.

Improvement about driving mechanism:

On the basis of technique scheme, the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit also comprises one and adjustable counterweight parts can be driven in good time to carry out moving to carry out in good time self-adjusting driving mechanism to dynamic balance of oil pumping unit, described driving mechanism or be servomotor or for hydraulic mechanism or for electromagnetic drive mechanism, when adopting servomotor, form by motor leading screw realizes machinery adjustment, and wherein hydraulic mechanism can have two kinds of structures:

Preferably, described driving mechanism makes adjustable counterweight parts move by the carrier acting on described adjustable counterweight parts.

For hydraulic mechanism, have two kinds of embodiments, one of them has following structure:

Hydraulic cylinder, its inside by a moveable piston be separated into two capacity not wait the airtight hydraulic cavities being full of hydraulic medium, the hydraulic cavities being wherein positioned at the larger capacity of piston nose is the first hydraulic cavities, the hydraulic cavities compared with low capacity being positioned at piston rear end is the second hydraulic cavities, the rear end of piston connects a piston rod, and piston rod stretches out outside hydraulic cylinder through the second hydraulic cavities and is fixed together with described adjustable counterweight parts; Hydraulic circuit is connected with between first, second hydraulic cavities described;

Liquid reserve tank, it is connected with hydraulic circuit by connecting pipeline, to be interconnected at connecting pipeline and hydraulic circuit, the hydraulic cylinder piston unnecessary hydraulic medium do not sucked by the second hydraulic cavities that is used for when moving that absorption first hydraulic cavities discharges or the feed flow insufficient section supplementing the second hydraulic cavities to the first hydraulic cavities;

Be provided with flowing controling part between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, be used to control mutually blocking or being interconnected between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline;

Described hydraulic medium is incompressible liquid, and when mutually blocking between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, piston is locked in a certain position, and adjustable counterweight parts are irremovable; When being interconnected between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, described adjustable counterweight parts can move and drive hydraulic cylinder piston to move between first, second hydraulic cavities under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force.

To said structure, can optimize further, described hydraulic cylinder and liquid reserve tank are located at the crank output shaft side of described crank track, and described adjustable counterweight parts are located at the opposite side of described crank track, optimize further, described liquid reserve tank is fixed on hydraulic cylinder again.

In addition, hydraulic mechanism also can have following structure:

Being arranged on adjustable counterweight components interior also can with the hydraulic cylinder of adjustable counterweight parts movement, its inside by a piston be separated into two capacity not wait the airtight hydraulic cavities being full of hydraulic medium, the hydraulic cavities being wherein positioned at the larger capacity of piston nose is the first hydraulic cavities, the hydraulic cavities compared with low capacity being positioned at piston rear end is the second hydraulic cavities, the rear end of piston connects a piston rod, and piston rod stretches out hydraulic cylinder extenal fixation on crank through the second hydraulic cavities; Hydraulic circuit is connected with between first, second hydraulic cavities described;

Liquid reserve tank, it is connected by the hydraulic circuit between connecting pipeline with first, second hydraulic cavities described, to be interconnected at connecting pipeline and hydraulic circuit, the hydraulic cylinder piston unnecessary hydraulic medium do not sucked by the second hydraulic cavities that is used for when moving that absorption first hydraulic cavities discharges or the feed flow insufficient section supplementing the second hydraulic cavities to the first hydraulic cylinder;

Be provided with flowing controling part between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, be used to control mutually blocking or being interconnected between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline;

Described hydraulic medium is incompressible liquid, and when mutually blocking between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, piston is locked in a certain position, and adjustable counterweight parts are irremovable; When being interconnected between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, described adjustable counterweight parts can move and drive hydraulic cylinder opposing pistons to move between first, second hydraulic cavities under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force.

For the second hydraulic mechanism: the optimization also can carrying out following one of at least item further:

Described piston rod is fixed on the crank output shaft side of crank track, and adjustable counterweight parts are located at the opposite side of crank track;

Described close liquid reserve tank is fixed on the balancing weight of described adjustable counterweight parts, further preferably, and flowing controling part and/or described CPU microprocessor-based control case is housed also is fixed on the balancing weight of adjustable counterweight parts;

Described hydraulic cylinder, liquid reserve tank, balancing weight, carrier, control cabinet are combined into one, and further preferably, described hydraulic cylinder, sealed liquid reserve tank, balancing weight, carrier, control cabinet adopt modular to connect.

Also can optimize further above-mentioned all hydraulic mechanism form:

About liquid reserve tank:

Liquid reserve tank comprises a cylinder body, is formed with the annular seal space of a piston action in cylinder body; The cylinder part being positioned at described piston rear end is provided with a pressure energy-storaging spring, and one end of this pressure energy-storaging spring acts on piston, and the other end is fixed on the rear wall of cylinder body; Above-mentioned connecting pipeline is connected with the annular seal space of liquid reserve tank;

The cylinder part being positioned at described liquid reserve tank piston rear end is an air chamber, which is provided with an air vent; The front end of liquid reserve tank piston is provided with the taper liquid level detector having and detect the effect of annular seal space liquid level;

The annular seal space of described piston is also provided with tank filler sleeve and drain hole;

About flowing controling part:

Described flowing controling part can for being arranged in three two-way electromagnetic valves on connecting pipeline, hydraulic circuit, also can for being arranged in the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect between communicating pipe and hydraulic circuit, this electromagnetic valve is closed type, only opens when carrying out dynamic balance of oil pumping unit and regulating; Preferably, described flowing controling part is the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect be arranged between communicating pipe and hydraulic circuit.Preferably, the above-mentioned electromagnetic valve with threeway effect is the electromagnetic valve with current-limiting function, can have manually and automatic control function simultaneously.

About incompressible hydraulic medium:

Described incompressible hydraulic medium can be pure water or the water mixed liquid containing the additive such as anticorrosion, antifreeze or machinery oil, transformer oil, hydraulic oil, mineral wet goods simple substance or mixing material thing, preferably has the hydraulic oil of antifreeze function.

On the basis of technique scheme, the in good time self-checking device of described dynamic balance of oil pumping unit also comprises can make above-mentioned driving mechanism drive described adjustable counterweight parts to move to carry out the control appliance of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit adjustment in good time, and this control appliance comprises:

Signal gathering unit, it comprises current sensor for detecting oil pumper uplink and downlink current value and for the acceleration transducer that detects position of rotation residing for crank and the position sensor for detecting described adjustable counterweight parts situation of movement;

CPU microprocessor, it has following functions:

The current value of the uplink and downlink of the oil pumper detected according to above-mentioned current sensor calculates the degree of balance of oil pumper and judges this degree of balance whether in the scope of setting;

The data detected according to acceleration transducer judge the position of rotation residing for crank;

Position of rotation residing for the degree of balance of oil pumper and crank determines whether adjustable counterweight parts are moved again;

After sending the instruction making adjustable control assembly movement, whether move according to the data judging adjustable counterweight parts of position sensor and the distance of single movement whether in setting range;

To send as an envoy to the driving instruction that adjustable counterweight parts move or stop according to above-mentioned analysis result CPU microprocessor.

Described control appliance also can be optimized further:

Described control appliance also comprises fault cues unit, when carrying out dynamic balance of oil pumping unit adjustment, if according to position sensor, CPU microprocessor detects that adjustable counterweight parts do not move, CPU microprocessor adjusts with regard to no longer order electromagnetic valve, and makes fault cues; If the uncontrolled automatic moving of adjustable counterweight parts detected, CPU microprocessor can force shutdown of pumping machine, and makes fault cues; Preferred further, described control appliance also comprises human-computer dialogue unit, and further preferably, described CPU microprocessor is programmable logic controller.

Described current sensor is be located at the current transformer in switchbox 10, its object motor current detected; Described acceleration transducer is set on described crank and (can be located on the circuit board of the control cabinet on crank), and described position sensor is arranged on adjustable counterweight parts, preferably arranges and is connected across between carrier and hydraulic cylinder shell.

Described CPU microprocessor makes adjustable counterweight parts move or stop by the flowing controling part controlling described hydraulic mechanism: when the adjustable arrangement components of needs moves, crank run to adjustable counterweight parts can utilize the position of self gravity and centrifugal force movement time, control described flowing controling part and make the first hydraulic cavities, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and the communicating pipe between liquid reserve tank communicate with each other, when the adjustable arrangement components of needs is locked in a certain position, control flowing controling part and make the first hydraulic cavities, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and the communicating pipe between liquid reserve tank isolated from one another, when described flowing controling part be above-mentioned there is the electromagnetic valve of threeway effect time, make communicating with each other communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank namely open electromagnetic valve, the communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank is made isolated from one anotherly namely to turn off electromagnetic valve.

(2) in addition, the present invention also protects a kind of oil pumper with the in good time self-checking device of above-mentioned dynamic balance of oil pumping unit.

(3) the present invention also protects a kind of dynamic equilibrium control method of oil pumper:

For a dynamic equilibrium control method for above-mentioned oil pumper, it is characterized in that:

Utilize current sensor to detect the current value of oil pumper uplink and downlink, utilize the position of rotation of acceleration transducer detection residing for crank, utilize position sensor to detect the situation of movement of adjustable counterweight parts;

The above-mentioned data detected are passed to CPU microprocessor, utilize the degree of balance of the current value determination oil pumper of oil pumper uplink and downlink and the position of rotation judging whether in the scope of setting, utilize the data of acceleration transducer to judge residing for crank, the position of rotation afterwards residing for the degree of balance of oil pumper and crank determines whether adjustable counterweight parts are moved;

When adjustable counterweight parts are controlled mobile, utilize position sensor judge adjustable counterweight parts whether move and the distance of single movement whether in the scope set;

To send as an envoy to the driving instruction that adjustable counterweight parts move or stop according to above-mentioned analysis result CPU microprocessor;

Preferably, above-mentioned control method also can be improved as follows:

The distance of described CPU Microprocessor S3C44B0X adjustable counterweight parts movement at every turn in 10mm ~ 40mm and/or the degree of balance setting value of described oil pumper be centrifugal current maximum value/ascending current maximum value=0.85 ~ 1;

Described CPU microprocessor described adjustable counterweight parts of sening as an envoy to are utilized to move or the driving instruction that stops is:

When judge the degree of balance of described oil pumper lower than the minimum value of setting range and crank rotation angle within the scope of 180 degree ~ 360 degree time (suppose that crank turns clockwise, anglec of rotation when to rotate on the left of power shaft with crank and be parallel to ground is 0 degree, also when namely crank rotates to lower half), drive described adjustable counterweight parts to move to away from crank output shaft side;

When judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is higher than the maximum value of setting value and crank rotation angle (supposes that crank turns clockwise as 0 degree ~ 180 degree, anglec of rotation when to rotate on the left of power shaft with crank and be parallel to ground is 0 degree, also when namely crank rotates to upper half), drive described adjustable counterweight parts to move near crank output shaft side;

When judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is in the scope of setting, is locked in adjustable counterweight parts on crank track;

When judge described oil pumper the degree of balance not set scope in but crank rotation angle not in above-mentioned corresponding angular range time, right is locked in adjustable counterweight parts on crank track, wait for the next crank-motion cycle proceed adjustment;

When judging that adjustable counterweight parts do not move or the distance of single movement exceedes setting value, adjustable counterweight parts being locked on crank track, carrying out shutdowns detection.

Further optimization, adjustable counterweight parts are made to move or stop by the flowing controling part controlling described hydraulic mechanism: when the adjustable arrangement components of needs moves, crank run to adjustable counterweight parts can utilize the position of self gravity and centrifugal force movement time, control described flowing controling part and make the first hydraulic cavities, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and the communicating pipe between liquid reserve tank communicate with each other, when the adjustable arrangement components of needs is locked in a certain position, control flowing controling part and make the first hydraulic cavities, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and the communicating pipe between liquid reserve tank isolated from one another, when described flowing controling part is the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect, communicating with each other communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank is made namely to open electromagnetic valve, the communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank is made isolated from one anotherly namely to turn off electromagnetic valve.

Further optimization, utilize there is threeway effect solenoid control described in the concrete mode of adjustable counterweight parts movement be:

When judge the degree of balance of described oil pumper lower than the minimum value of setting range and crank rotation angle within the scope of 180 degree ~ 360 degree time (when crank rotates to lower half, anglec of rotation when to rotate on the left of power shaft with crank and be parallel to ground is 0 degree, suppose that crank turns clockwise), open electromagnetic valve, make to communicate with each other communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank, described adjustable counterweight parts can move to away from crank output shaft side under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force;

When judge the degree of balance of described oil pumper higher than the maximum value of setting value and crank rotation angle within the scope of 0 degree ~ 180 degree time (suppose that crank turns clockwise, anglec of rotation when to rotate on the left of power shaft with crank and be parallel to ground is 0 degree, also when namely crank rotates to upper half), open electromagnetic valve, make to communicate with each other communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank, described adjustable counterweight parts can move near crank output shaft side under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force;

When judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is in the scope of setting, shut electromagnetic valve, make communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank isolated from one another, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank track;

When judge described oil pumper the degree of balance not set scope in but crank rotation angle not in above-mentioned corresponding angular range time, shut electromagnetic valve, make communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank isolated from one another, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank track, wait for that the next crank-motion cycle proceeds adjustment;

When judging that adjustable counterweight parts do not move or the distance of single movement exceedes setting value; shut electromagnetic valve; make communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank isolated from one another; adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank rail track, carry out shutdown and detect.

Further optimization, when described incompressible hydraulic medium be hydraulic oil, flowing controling part for the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect described in aforementioned claim and liquid reserve tank for liquid reserve tank described in aforementioned claim time, the method utilizing described hydraulic mechanism to control the movement in good time of adjustable counterweight parts is:

When judging that the degree of balance of oil pumper is less than the minimum value of setting value and crank output shaft drives crank rotation angle within the scope of 180 degree ~ 360 degree, the electromagnetic valve that CPU Microprocessor S3C44B0X has threeway effect is opened, make first, the recessed road of hydraulic pressure between second hydraulic cavities and and liquid reserve tank between be interconnected communicating pipe, at this moment adjustable counterweight parts move to away from crank output shaft side under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force, the first embodiment for hydraulic mechanism), and drive the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder and piston or hydraulic cylinder opposing pistons and piston are also compressed to the hydraulic oil of the second hydraulic cavities moving at this moment piston away from crank output shaft side, flow to the first hydraulic cavities through hydraulic circuit, while piston movement, hydraulic cylinder first hydraulic cavities creates suction, by in the hydraulic oil suction chamber of hydraulic cylinder second hydraulic cavities, because the capacity of Capacity Ratio first hydraulic cavities of the second hydraulic cavities is little, first hydraulic cavities carrys out shortage of oil, again by the hydraulic oil in the liquid storage cylinder of liquid reserve tank through connecting pipeline, electromagnetic valve, in first hydraulic cavities of hydraulic circuit inhalant liquid cylinder pressure, also pull of vacuum is formed in the liquid storage cylinder of simultaneously liquid reserve tank, attract liquid reserve tank inner carrier under the effect of spring pressure, move to liquid storage cylinder side, the air chamber of piston opposite side is interior simultaneously produces pull of vacuum, air is inhaled in air chamber through air vent, when judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is in the scope of setting, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between communicating pipe, making the plunger lock in hydraulic cylinder in cylinder, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank rail track, thus complete and once adjust.

When judge the degree of balance of described oil pumper higher than the maximum value of setting value and crank rotation angle in 0 degree ~ 180 degree (namely crank rotates to the top of crank output shaft) scopes time, electromagnetic valve is opened and is made first by CPU microprocessor, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and and liquid reserve tank between be interconnected communicating pipe, at this moment adjustable counterweight parts move to the output shaft side of crank under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force (also i.e. crank inside) mobile, and promote piston rod and the piston of hydraulic cylinder or drive hydraulic cylinder opposing pistons, piston rod moves (also namely moving inward) to crank output shaft side, at this moment the hydraulic oil of the first hydraulic cavities is compressed, flow to the second hydraulic cavities through hydraulic circuit, because Capacity Ratio second hydraulic cavities of hydraulic cylinder first hydraulic cavities is large, unnecessary hydraulic oil is through hydraulic circuit, electromagnetic valve, connecting pipeline is pressed to the liquid storage cylinder in liquid reserve tank, at this moment the volume in liquid storage cylinder increases, promote piston under the effect of the pressure to move backward, spring is compressed, air in air chamber is owing to being extruded through air vent by compression, when judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is in the scope of setting, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between communicating pipe, making the plunger lock in hydraulic cylinder in cylinder, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank rail track, thus complete and once adjust,

When judge described oil pumper the degree of balance not set scope in and crank rotation angle also not in above-mentioned corresponding angular range time, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between communicating pipe, the piston in hydraulic cylinder is made to be locked in cylinder, adjustable counterweight parts are in locked state, move when waiting for that the next crank-motion cycle proceeds adjustment.

Further optimization, described control method also comprises fault cues step: when carrying out the above-mentioned dynamic equilibrium of oil pumper and adjusting, if according to position sensor, CPU microprocessor detects that adjustable counterweight parts do not move, CPU microprocessor adjusts with regard to no longer order electromagnetic valve, and makes fault cues; If the uncontrolled automatic moving of adjustable counterweight parts detected, CPU microprocessor can force shutdown of pumping machine, and makes fault cues.

Further optimization, the distance of described CPU Microprocessor S3C44B0X adjustable counterweight parts movement is at every turn in 40mm and/or the degree of balance of described oil pumper=descending maximum current/up maximum current, and preferred settings value is 0.85 ~ 1.

Further optimization, when electromagnetic valve is opened by control, and the movement of adjustable counterweight parts do not reach need adjustment precalculated position time, if when now the anglec of rotation of crank has exceeded the Action of Gravity Field scope of adjustable counterweight parts, CPU microprocessor meeting shut electromagnetic valve, and again adjust in the crank next period of motion.

Further optimization, adjustment during maximum value when the degree of balance of above-mentioned oil pumper is less than the minimum value of setting value or higher than setting value, as long as just start the regulable control carrying out making the movement of adjustable counterweight parts when crank output shaft drives crank to rotate to horizontal level;

Further optimization, when setting range can not be reached within a period of motion of crank to the adjustment of balance of well pumping unit degree, again adjust in the crank next period of motion, by the adjustment mode of repeatedly Approach by inchmeal, until the ratio of the value of ascending current and centrifugal current no longer adjusts within the scope of the dynamic equilibrium degree set by oil pumper.

(3) oil pumper, it adopts above-mentioned dynamic equilibrium control method.

(4) method of balance of well pumping unit control ability is improved,

A kind of method improving balance of well pumping unit control ability, this oil pumper is the beam pumping unit with crank and equilibrate counterweight, before improving, described equilibrate counterweight is the side being arranged on described crank with fixing weight, fixing position in oil pumper running, it is characterized in that: improve crank and equilibrate counterweight entirety, after making it improve, become the crank described in any one of claim 1-20 and adjustable balancing control device.

A kind of method improving balance of well pumping unit control ability, this oil pumper was the beam pumping unit with crank and equilibrate counterweight originally, before improving, described balancing weight is the side being arranged on described crank with fixing weight, fixing position in oil pumper running, it is characterized in that: original described equilibrate counterweight be modified into above-mentioned adjustable counterweight parts or increase above-mentioned adjustable counterweight parts in former cranked another side.

A kind of method improving balance of well pumping unit control ability, this oil pumper was the beam pumping unit with crank and equilibrate counterweight originally, before improving, described balancing weight is the side being arranged on described crank with fixing weight, fixing position in oil pumper running, it is characterized in that: on the basis retaining original crank and equilibrate counterweight, above-mentioned carrier is increased between crank and equilibrate counterweight, further preferred, for this carrier arranges driving mechanism as described in any one of claim 8-20 and control appliance.

Said structure makes the application to the design of the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit, not only when the various operating mode of oil pumper, the slightly statically balanced of oil pumper can be carried out easily, fine control, the mobility of adjustable counterweight parts on crank side also can be utilized to realize the automatic adjustment in good time to dynamic balance of oil pumping unit, the convenience substantially increasing the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit and adopt the oil pumper of this kind of device to regulate the compliance of various operating mode and dynamic equilibrium and accuracy, the hydraulic mechanism design that the application is special simultaneously, especially liquid reserve tank design and make the in good time self-checking device of the dynamic balance of oil pumping unit of the application when only there being electromagnetic valve without just realizing in good time automatically adjusting of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit when other power sources with the matching design of hydraulic cylinder, reach good energy-saving effect.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art 1.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of prior art 2.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of prior art 3.

Fig. 4 is the structure installment schematic diagram between the carrier of the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit of the present invention and crank, balancing weight

The structural representation of one embodiment of the in good time self-checking device of Fig. 5 dynamic balance of oil pumping unit of the present invention

The structural representation of the second embodiment of the in good time self-checking device of Fig. 6 dynamic balance of oil pumping unit of the present invention

The structural representation of the sealed fuel tank that Fig. 7 adopts for two embodiments shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 5

Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b are the operating diagram of the driving mechanism of the first embodiment of the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit of the present invention

The whole machine installation schematic diagram that the balance of well pumping unit that Fig. 9 has driving mechanism first embodiment of the present invention controls

Figure 10 a, 10b are the control method figure of the present invention's removable control assembly when operating for crank embodiment illustrated in fig. 5.

The empirical curve of Figure 11 balance of well pumping unit degree and motor power consumption relation

Detailed description of the invention

The detailed description of the invention of the application is introduced in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

(1): about the application's request protection the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit and adopt the detailed description of the invention of oil pumper of this kind of device

See accompanying drawing 9, the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit of the application's request protection has following characteristics on the whole:

It is for a kind of oil pumper with crank 12, at crank by the uplink and downlink process that ceaselessly to rotarily drive beam-pumping unit sucker rod 1 and constantly repeat, in order to control the balance of oil pumper, it is characterized in that: the in good time self-checking device of described dynamic balance of oil pumping unit comprises adjustable counterweight parts 145, these adjustable counterweight parts are located on the side 120 of described crank 12, and can be moved with the dynamic equilibrium of in good time adjustment oil pumper along described crank side by control.Illustrate the detailed description of the invention of the oil pumper of the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit and application thereof below.

(1) about improvement and the utilization of crank 12

Be easy to for enabling adjustable counterweight parts move on crank side 12, the application forms one on crank can for the guide rail 13 of adjustable counterweight parts movement, this guide rail both can be formed in the mode on recessed crank side surface on crank side, and the mode also can giving prominence to crank side surface is formed.The mode of its processing both integrally can be processed by crank, and also can manufacture separately and be fixed on crank side, its concrete structure can protruding-type rail mounted slide rail also can be groove type slide rail, as inverted T-shaped groove.If we produce new product, crank and guide rail can be adopted integrally to process, also can adopt and be formed in separately on crank side, if we transform the existing old oil pumper with crank and stable equilibrium balancing weight, we can adopt the mode formed separately, but preferably retain original crank for saving improvement cost and utilize original structure on crank, we preferably utilize the original row of falling T groove of former crank two ends fixed weight block bolt as guide rail, the original row of falling T groove is allowed to have the effect killed two birds with one stone, if but we produce new product, crank and track can be adopted integrally to process, also can adopt and be formed in separately on crank side, but in order to can be simple in long-term operation, be easy to maintenance, change track, preferably adopt the mode that track is formed separately.

Guide rail 13 as shown in Figure 4, utilizes the original row of falling T groove of former crank two ends fixed weight block bolt as the guide rail for the movement on crank side of adjustable counterweight parts exactly.

(2) about the improvement of adjustable counterweight parts 145:

Because the general weight of adjustable counterweight parts is very large, for reducing the friction overcome needed for movement, adjustable counterweight parts also can form the moving structure corresponding to crank track, and this moving structure can be slide construction also can be rolling structure, as roller or slide rail or sliding surface.For coordinating of crank track and adjustable counterweight parts moving structure, the slide construction of adjustable counterweight parts or rolling structure preferably can be made to be embedded in the track of crank, both not easily depart from the rotation process of crank like this, steadiness is better.As shown in Figure 4 adjustable counterweight parts 145, for coordinating with the row of the falling T grooved rail 13 on crank side, the mobile mating part of adjustable counterweight parts and guide rail, forms a convex T-shaped body 2, in the track 13 that the inverted T-shaped groove being embedded in crank is formed.

For improving the controllability of weight member, as shown in Figure 4, the present embodiment adjustable counterweight parts comprise the carrier 14 that has fixed weight, carry the variable balancing weight of a weight 15 move by this carrier.Structure like this, carrier carrying balancing weight not only can be utilized to carry out the mobile of adjustable counterweight parts entirety regulate, the weight of carrier self can also be utilized to bear a part of counterweight effect as basic configuration, adjustable counterweight parts also can be made to utilize the change of balancing weight own wt to have better fine setting effect, to realize the better dynamic and static balance adjustment of oil pumper simultaneously.

Firmly be arranged on crank side 12 for making carrier 14, balancing weight is firmly arranged on carrier 14, as shown in Figure 4, the application gives carrier and crank, the better installation embodiment of crank and balancing weight: crank surface forms the row of falling a T groove as guide rail 13, and convex T-shaped body 2 is formed on the bottom of carrier, be embedded in the inverted T-shaped grooved rail of crank, simultaneously for making balancing weight firmly be arranged on carrier 14, the upper design of carrier has the inverted T shape groove 4 installing balancing weight set bolt 5, balancing weight is made to become to be integrated with carrier, realize adjustable counterweight part entirety to move on crank.For this kind of embodiment, if we transform the existing oil pumper with crank and fixed weight block, just directly utilize the track of the original row of falling T groove (this groove is through to another section with crank one end) as carrier movement on crank of former crank two ends fixed weight block bolt, to save the financial cost to existing equipment transformation.

Further, for making adjustable counterweight parts 14 can be more flexible, the application of manual adjustments when realizing the adjustment under various operating mode more accurately and automatically regulate limited, preferably scheme is the weight of balancing weight is variable, for realizing this purpose, the balancing weight be configured on carrier can arrange required number as required and be oppositely arranged mode between them, so, carrier has to make to have between balancing weight and carrier can make the dismountable fixed structure be arranged on carrier of balancing weight, with make oil pumper can change flexibly according to the actual needs the balancing weight be arranged on carrier quantity and between be oppositely arranged mode.For the setting of multiple balancing weight, can be provided separately, also can combine in aggregates as required flexibly, the overall weight of the balancing weight making carrier carry so also can be adjustable.And for making balancing weight can according to demand combinations together, balancing weight can modularization or make the weight-adjustable of balancing weight itself, as balancing weight is made up of multiple dismountable weight stack stacked together.Make our adjustable counterweight parts when the various operating mode of oil pumper like this, not only can according to balancing weight overall on carrier number and between the mode of laying carry out large adjustment also by form the weight stack of a certain balancing weight number carry out trickle adjustment, also can utilize simultaneously and control in good time mobile realize of carrier on crank the dynamic equilibrium of oil pumper is regulated.So visible, the present invention makes the balancing weight be installed on carrier have adjustability and adjustable counterweight parts entirety has mobility, make the control of the application to dynamic balance of oil pumping unit more flexible, not only have adaptation condition large change time coarse adjustment ability also have adaptation condition little change time fine adjustment capability, the more important thing is that the mobility due to adjustable counterweight parts entirety makes the balance control device of the application have timely adjustment ability, substantially increase the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit of the application to the compliance of the various operating mode of oil pumper and dynamically balanced regulating power, simultaneously also automatically regulate provide possibility for oil pumper realizes dynamic equilibrium constantly.

Certainly, for the convenience that controls and save production cost, balancing weight also can be the fixing balancing weight of weight.

In order to better realize the adjustment of oil pumper and transforming prior art of not wasting, as shown in Figure 9, can also at the crank opposite side of adjustable counterweight parts, retain the stable equilibrium balancing weight 11 be originally located on crank, and the original reserved multiple fixing holes this balancing weight being carried out to manual position adjustment on crank.

(3) about driving mechanism and the control appliance of adjustable counterweight parts.

For the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit can be enable according to the continuous change of balance of well pumping unit degree, control adjustable counterweight parts carry out in good time mobile with the good adjustment realized dynamic balance of oil pumping unit, and the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit with said structure improvement comprises driving adjustable counterweight parts further to carry out the driving mechanism of movement and controls the control appliance that this driving mechanism drives the movement of adjustable counterweight parts.

The driving mechanism of the application can be the servomotor (form by motor leading screw realizes machinery adjustment) of Direct driver adjustable counterweight parts, and also can be hydraulic mechanism, can also be other means such as electromagnetic drive mechanism.But consider equipment manufacturing cost and operating operability and the dynamic equilibrium control effects that can reach and energy-saving effect, the application's preferably hydraulic mechanism in the following ways:

As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b, the hydraulic mechanism of the first embodiment has following structure:

Hydraulic cylinder 16, its inside by a moveable piston be separated into two capacity not wait the airtight hydraulic cavities being full of hydraulic medium, the hydraulic cavities being wherein positioned at the larger capacity of piston nose is the first hydraulic cavities 38, the hydraulic cavities compared with low capacity being positioned at piston rear end is the second hydraulic cavities 37, the rear end of piston 39 connects a piston rod 40, and piston rod 40 stretches out outside hydraulic cylinder through the second hydraulic cavities 37 and adjustable counterweight parts 14 are fixed together; Hydraulic circuit 33 (comprising hydraulic circuit 34 part and liquid liquid loop 35 part) is connected with between first hydraulic cavities 38, second hydraulic cavities 37.

Liquid reserve tank 21, it is connected with hydraulic circuit 34 and 35 by connecting pipeline 33 road, is interconnected, unnecessary hydraulic medium that hydraulic cylinder 14 piston is used for when moving that absorption first hydraulic cavities 38 discharges is not sucked by the second hydraulic cavities 37 or the feed flow insufficient section to supplementary second hydraulic cavities 37 of the first hydraulic cavities 38 at connecting pipeline 33 and hydraulic circuit 34 and 35;

Be provided with flowing controling part between hydraulic circuit 34 and 35 and connecting pipeline 33 road, be used to mutually blocking or being interconnected between hydraulic control loop 34 and 35 and connecting pipeline 33 road.For realizing energy-saving effect, flowing controling part can for being arranged in connecting pipeline, three two-way electromagnetic valves on hydraulic circuit, also can for being arranged in the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect between communicating pipe and hydraulic circuit, but it is simple for realizing this technique, control effect easily, the present embodiment preferably adopts the electromagnetic valve 36 with threeway effect, this electromagnetic valve 36 with threeway effect is connected between hydraulic circuit 34 and 35 and connecting pipeline 33 road, for closed type, only open when carrying out dynamic balance of oil pumping unit and regulating, preferably, the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect can have current-limiting function further, and manual and automatic control function, we can better control and regulate the translational speed of adjustable counterweight parts like this.

The hydraulic medium of hydraulic cylinder is incompressible liquid, due to its Incoercibility, when mutually blocking between hydraulic circuit 34 and 35 and connecting pipeline 33 road, piston is locked in a certain position, adjustable counterweight parts 14 and 15 irremovable (also referred to as locking); When being interconnected between hydraulic circuit 34 and 35 and connecting pipeline 33, adjustable counterweight parts 14 and 15 can move and drive hydraulic cylinder 14 piston to move between first, second hydraulic cavities 37 under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force.But power line, holding wire, liquid reserve tank do not move with adjustable counterweight parts and remain static all the time when adjusting.

Further optimization, the present embodiment is for the longer situation of crank length, hydraulic cylinder 14 and liquid reserve tank 21 are located at crank 12 output shaft 19 side of crank 12 track, adjustable counterweight parts are located at the opposite side of crank 12 output shaft 19 of crank 12 track, optimize, as shown in Figure 5, liquid reserve tank 21 is fixed on hydraulic cylinder 14.

The mounting means of the hydraulic mechanism of above-described embodiment, is suitable for the large oil pumper that crank is long, but the oil pumper shorter to crank, as shown in Figure 6, hydraulic mechanism also can have following constituted mode:

Piston rod 40 is fixed on crank 12 output shaft 19 side of crank 12 track, adjustable counterweight parts are located at the opposite side of crank 12 track; Liquid reserve tank 21 is fixed on the balancing weight 15 of adjustable counterweight parts; Hydraulic cylinder 14 is arranged on adjustable counterweight components interior and can moves with adjustable counterweight parts, its inside also by a piston 39 be separated into two capacity not wait the airtight hydraulic cavities being full of hydraulic medium, the hydraulic cavities being wherein positioned at the larger capacity of piston nose is the first hydraulic cavities 38, the hydraulic cavities compared with low capacity being positioned at piston rear end is the second hydraulic cavities 37, the rear end of piston connects a piston rod 40, and piston rod 40 stretches out hydraulic cylinder 14 extenal fixation on crank 12 through the second hydraulic cavities 37; Hydraulic circuit 345 (being made up of the hydraulic circuit part 34 between electromagnetic valve and the first hydraulic cavities and the loop between electromagnetic valve and the second hydraulic cavities 35) is connected with between first, second hydraulic cavities 37,38, preferably, and/or CPU microprocessor-based control case 18 can also be housed also be fixed on flowing controling part on the balancing weight 15 of adjustable counterweight parts.Further, for making more compact structure, more firm, hydraulic cylinder 14, liquid reserve tank 21, balancing weight 15, carrier 14, control cabinet 18 can be combined into one, or adopt modular to connect to facilitate dismounting between different parts, maintenance and replacing hydraulic cylinder, sealed liquid reserve tank, balancing weight, carrier, control cabinet further.

For the second embodiment of hydraulic mechanism, because the parts such as hydraulic cylinder, liquid reserve tank are arranged on adjustable counterweight parts, not only save installation space, also make them also have certain counterweight effect simultaneously, substantially increase the regulating power of this kind of embodiment to dynamic balance of oil pumping unit, compensate for oil pumping machine crank minor to a certain extent and save limited deficiency.

A same embodiment of other design of hydraulic mechanism the second embodiment, only be interconnected between hydraulic circuit 345 and connecting pipeline 33 road, adjustable counterweight parts are when moving under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force, adjustable counterweight parts drive hydraulic cylinder 14 opposing pistons to move between the first hydraulic cavities 38, second hydraulic cavities 37;

The embodiment of above-mentioned two kinds of hydraulic mechanisms, the mounting means (as Fig. 5) of the first driving mechanism takes full advantage of the long feature of large-scale oil pumping machine crank length, and adjustable counterweight parts can be adjusted fully to oil pumper.This embodiment is specially adapted to the long large-scale oil pumper of crank, as 14 type machines, because the feature of its crank length makes the adjustable counterweight parts of the application can have the distance of enough single movements with satisfied adjustment requirement.But this embodiment is for the shorter middle-size and small-size oil pumper of crank, as 12 type-7 type oil pumpers, if design driven mechanism in a manner described, the moveable distance of adjustable counterweight parts is relatively short, limited adjustment range, and second embodiment (as 6) of the hydraulic mechanism that the application provides well solves the limitation of the first embodiment on the oil pumper that application crank is short, hydraulic cylinder to be located at by adjustable counterweight parts in carrier and to make hydraulic cylinder, it is short that the parts such as liquid reserve tank can well solve crank with the movement of adjustable counterweight parts, the drawback that adjustable counterweight parts displacement is limited.

Fig. 9 is the whole machine installation schematic diagram adopting the balance of well pumping unit of above-mentioned hydraulic mechanism first embodiment to control.

For above-mentioned enforcement, the dynamic equilibrium adjustment of the in good time self-checking device of the dynamic balance of oil pumping unit of the application to oil pumper can also be made to have better energy-saving effect further, see Fig. 7 as carried out following optimization to liquid reserve tank:

As shown in Figure 7, liquid reserve tank 25 comprises a cylinder body, is formed with the annular seal space of a piston action in cylinder body; The cylinder part being positioned at piston rear end is provided with a pressure energy-storaging spring 32, and one end of this pressure energy-storaging spring acts on piston 23, and the other end of spring is fixed on the rear wall of cylinder body; The annular seal space of liquid reserve tank 25 is connected with above-mentioned connecting pipeline 33.

The cylinder part being positioned at liquid reserve tank 25 piston rear end is an air chamber, which is provided with an air vent 25, piston can be discharged to compression spring side Mobile Space-time gas, can be inhaled into liquid storage cylinder Mobile Space-time gas.

The front end of liquid reserve tank 25 piston is provided with the taper liquid level detector having and detect the effect of annular seal space liquid level.

The annular seal space that incompressible hydraulic medium is housed also is provided with tank filler sleeve and drain hole, the existence of drain hole be in order to can timely by annular seal space gas be discharged, in time to ensure the service behaviour of incompressible hydraulic medium.

The above-mentioned design of liquid reserve tank 25, can bring following technique effect:

During for ensureing that flowing controling part is made the connecting pipeline between the hydraulic circuit between first, second hydraulic cavities of hydraulic cylinder and liquid reserve tank communicate with each other by control, hydraulic medium and piston can flow between first, second hydraulic cavities, the design capacity of first, second hydraulic cavities of hydraulic cylinder is different, during adjustment, first and second hydraulic cavities hydraulic medium is not wait capacity to suck and discharge, therefore this just needs the outside liquid reserve tank of hydraulic medium, again because oil pumping machine crank 12 ceaselessly rotates, conventional storage case at night is difficult to realize storage liquid force feed.For this situation, the application proposes to be piston type sealing liquid reserve tank by the liquid reserve tank optimal design of usual structure specially, is used for ensureing storage and the release of hydraulic medium use amount before and after piston in adjustment process, has the reserve function of hydraulic medium simultaneously.Due to the use of the liquid reserve tank of this kind of structure, the hydraulic mechanism forming and do not use power source can be coordinated with hydraulic cavities, electromagnetic valve, only use a switch electromagnetic valve 17 hydraulic control loop 345, according to the vertical angle of crank 12 and the change of center of gravity, just can rely on the centrifugal force of the gravity of adjustable counterweight parts self realize adjustable counterweight parts movement, complete dynamic equilibrium adjustment.Thus achieve the dynamic equilibrium without autonomous dynamic that dynamic balance of oil pumping unit fits into self-checking device and adjust, reach economize on electricity, reduce the effect of the raw materials consumption such as belt and gear-bearing, further, by this liquid reserve tank and the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect with current-limiting function and there is the front and back capacity hydraulic cavities such as not hydraulic cylinder with the use of the movement and the locking that also make the in good time self-checking device of the dynamic balance of oil pumping unit of the application not only can realize adjustable counterweight parts, also there is certain damping action, adjustable counterweight parts are made to be limited in the mobile time requirement that regulates with better satisfying dynamic equilibrium and required precision in certain speed.

For ensureing that the pipeline of hydraulic circuit 345 has good connectivity in crank 12 rotary course, recommend to adopt flexible hose, if one is using rubber hose as main body, using stainless steel or Polyester Fibers as the flexible hose of wear-resistant protection overcoat.

The hydraulic medium of this embodiment preferably adopts hydraulic oil.

Below for the first embodiment of above-mentioned hydraulic mechanism, 8a, 8b, accompanying drawing 9, accompanying drawing 10a, 10b specifically describe the lower operating principle (flowing controling part of hydraulic mechanism is the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect having current-limiting function, can manually and automatically regulate) adopting the hydraulic mechanism of above-mentioned liquid reserve tank by reference to the accompanying drawings:

As Fig. 8 a, shown in 10a, when judge the degree of balance of oil pumper lower than the minimum value of setting value and crank rotation angle is spent in (namely crank rotates to the below of crank output shaft) scopes 0 degree ~-180 time, open the electromagnetic valve 36 with threeway effect, make first, hydraulic circuit 345 between second hydraulic cavities and and liquid reserve tank 24 between be interconnected communicating pipe 33, at this moment electromagnetic valve (can be selected on suitable opportunity during control by adjustable counterweight parts under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force, specifically see introduction below) to moving away from crank output shaft side (being also move outside crank), and drive the piston rod 40 of hydraulic cylinder 16 and piston 39 to move (for the second embodiment shown in Fig. 6 to the outside of crank, that hydraulic cylinder opposing pistons and piston are moved to away from crank output shaft side), at this moment the hydraulic medium of the second hydraulic cavities 37 of piston is compressed, flow to the first hydraulic cavities 38 through hydraulic circuit 345, while piston 39 moves, first hydraulic cavities of hydraulic cylinder 16 creates suction, by in the hydraulic medium suction chamber of the second hydraulic cavities 38 of hydraulic cylinder, because the capacity of Capacity Ratio first hydraulic cavities of the second hydraulic cavities is little, hydraulic cavities carrys out shortage of oil, again by the hydraulic medium in the liquid storage cylinder of liquid reserve tank through connecting pipeline 33, electromagnetic valve 36, in first hydraulic cavities of hydraulic circuit inhalant liquid cylinder pressure, also pull of vacuum is formed in the chamber sap cavity 31 of simultaneously liquid reserve tank 21, attract liquid reserve tank 21 piston 23 and under the effect of spring 32 pressure, move to liquid storage cylinder 31 side, the air chamber 24 of piston opposite side is interior simultaneously produces pull of vacuum, air is inhaled in air chamber through air vent 25, when judging that the degree of balance of oil pumper is in the scope of setting, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between communicating pipe, making the piston 39 in hydraulic cylinder 16 be locked in cylinder 16, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank rail track, thus complete and once adjust.

As Fig. 8 b, shown in 10b, when judge the degree of balance of oil pumper higher than the maximum value of setting value and crank rotation angle within the scope of 0 degree ~ 180 degree time (namely crank rotates to the top of crank output shaft), open and make first, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and and liquid reserve tank between be interconnected communicating pipe, at this moment adjustable counterweight parts move also i.e. crank medial movement to the output shaft side of crank 12 under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force, and promote piston rod 40 and the piston 39 of hydraulic cylinder 16 or drive hydraulic cylinder opposing pistons, piston rod moves to crank output shaft side and also namely moves inward, at this moment the hydraulic oil of the first hydraulic cavities 38 is compressed, flow to the second hydraulic cavities 37 through hydraulic circuit, because Capacity Ratio second hydraulic cavities 37 of hydraulic cylinder 16 first hydraulic cavities is large, unnecessary hydraulic medium is through hydraulic circuit, electromagnetic valve, connecting pipeline is pressed to the liquid storage cylinder 31 in liquid reserve tank 21, at this moment the volume in liquid storage cylinder 31 increases, promote piston 23 under the effect of the pressure to move backward, spring 32 is compressed, air in air chamber 24 is owing to being extruded through air vent 25 by compression, when judging that the degree of balance of oil pumper is in the scope of setting, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between communicating pipe, making the piston 39 in hydraulic cylinder 16 be locked in hydraulic cylinder 16, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank rail track, thus complete and once adjust,

(4) control appliance

For driving mechanism better can be utilized adjustable counterweight parts driven and reach better control effects, this application provides a kind of special control appliance for above-mentioned hydraulic mechanism design and control method can monitor the dynamic equilibrium situation of oil pumper constantly and to make in good time adjustment, this control appliance has following structure and function:

A, signal gathering unit, it comprises current sensor for detecting oil pumper uplink and downlink current value and for the acceleration transducer that detects position of rotation residing for crank 12 and the position sensor for detecting adjustable counterweight parts situation of movement;

Preferably, current sensor is be located at the current transformer in switchbox 10, and its object detected is the electric current of motor 9; Described acceleration transducer is set on crank and (is particularly located on the circuit board of the control cabinet on crank), and described position sensor is arranged on adjustable counterweight parts, preferably it is connected across between cylinder wall and carrier simultaneously.

B, CPU microprocessor

It has following functions:

The current value of the uplink and downlink of the oil pumper detected according to above-mentioned current sensor calculates the degree of balance of oil pumper and judges this degree of balance whether in the scope of setting;

The data detected according to acceleration transducer judge the position of rotation residing for crank 12;

Position of rotation residing for the degree of balance of oil pumper and crank 12 determines whether adjustable counterweight parts are moved again;

After sending the instruction making adjustable control assembly movement, whether move according to the data judging adjustable counterweight parts of position sensor and the distance of single movement whether in setting range;

To send as an envoy to the driving instruction that adjustable counterweight parts move or stop according to above-mentioned analysis result CPU microprocessor.

Preferred control appliance also comprises fault cues unit, when carrying out dynamic balance of oil pumping unit adjustment, if according to position sensor, CPU microprocessor detects that adjustable counterweight parts do not move, CPU microprocessor adjusts with regard to no longer order electromagnetic valve 17, and makes fault cues; If the uncontrolled automatic moving of adjustable counterweight parts detected, CPU microprocessor can force shutdown of pumping machine, and makes fault cues; Preferred further, control appliance also comprises human-computer dialogue unit, and further preferably, CPU microprocessor is programmable logic controller.

(2) control method of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit is regulated with the in good time self-checking device of above-mentioned dynamic balance of oil pumping unit:

Control the dynamic equilibrium of oil pumper, first should determine the degree of balance of oil pumper.Should do in operation, we wish the degree of balance keeping oil pumper higher, but how much as well balance of well pumping unit degree sets actually, is that overbalance is good, underbalance? in order to determine this problem, we test on hydraulic model, see accompanying drawing 10.

Experimental result is as shown in Figure 11 visible, and balance of well pumping unit degree is as follows on power consumption impact:

As can be seen from the above table, when the degree of balance is 80%-100%, energy consumption is minimum, underbalance comparatively overbalance power saving.

The quality of balance of well pumping unit is directly connected to crank-type oil pumper---the height of deep well pump apparatus system efficiency, in test block, balancing measure is taked to the poor oil pumper of balance, implement 298 wells time in experiment altogether, and carried out contrast test to wherein 7 mouthfuls of oil wells, its result is as following table:

Can find out, rod-pumped well when consor height and Liquid output substantially constant, system effectiveness improves 3.47 percentage points, economize on electricity 12.46%.Therefore the Con trolling index of our the preferred degree of balance is descending maximum current/descending maximum current=80% ~ 100%, preferred 85% ~ 100% further.

For the satisfying dynamic equilibrium enabling the translational speed of adjustable counterweight parts more wicked regulates, we are according to the rotating speed of crank, the setpoint distance of preferred adjustable counterweight parts single movement is 10mm ~ 40mm, when crank speed is fast, the distance of adjustable counterweight parts single movement sets less, when crank speed is slow, the distance of adjustable counterweight parts single movement can be suitable set more greatly, when fluid control component adopt have metering function there is the electromagnetic valve of threeway effect time, the moving speed of adjustable counterweight parts manually adjusts by the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect.

After carrying out above-mentioned parameter restriction, utilize current sensor to detect the current value of oil pumper uplink and downlink, utilize the position of rotation of acceleration transducer detection residing for crank, utilize position sensor to detect the situation of movement of adjustable counterweight parts;

The above-mentioned data detected are passed to CPU microprocessor, utilize the degree of balance of the current value determination oil pumper of oil pumper uplink and downlink and the position of rotation judging whether in the scope of setting, utilize the data of acceleration transducer to judge residing for crank, the position of rotation afterwards residing for the degree of balance of oil pumper and crank determines whether adjustable counterweight parts are moved;

When adjustable counterweight parts are controlled mobile, utilize position sensor judge adjustable counterweight parts whether move and the distance of single movement whether in the scope set;

To send as an envoy to the driving instruction that adjustable counterweight parts move or stop according to above-mentioned analysis result CPU microprocessor:

When judge the degree of balance of described oil pumper lower than the minimum value of setting range and crank rotation angle within the scope of 180 degree ~ 360 degree time (suppose that crank turns clockwise, anglec of rotation when to rotate on the left of power shaft with crank and be parallel to ground is 0 degree, also when namely crank rotates to lower half), drive described adjustable counterweight parts to move to away from crank output shaft side;

When judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is higher than the maximum value of setting value and crank rotation angle (supposes that crank turns clockwise as 0 degree ~ 180 degree, anglec of rotation when to rotate on the left of power shaft with crank and be parallel to ground is 0 degree, also when namely crank rotates to upper half), drive described adjustable counterweight parts to move near crank output shaft side;

When judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is in the scope of setting, is locked in adjustable counterweight parts on crank track;

When judge described oil pumper the degree of balance not set scope in but crank rotation angle not in above-mentioned corresponding angular range time, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank track, wait for the next crank-motion cycle proceed adjustment;

When judging that adjustable counterweight parts do not move or the distance of single movement exceedes setting value, adjustable counterweight parts being locked on crank track, carrying out shutdowns detection.

If the movement of adjustable counterweight parts or locking are when being realized by hydraulic mechanism, adjustable counterweight parts are made to move or stop by the flowing controling part controlling described hydraulic mechanism, concrete when flowing controling part is the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect, electromagnetic valve should be opened when adjustable counterweight parts are moved and make communicating with each other communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank; When adjustable counterweight parts are locked, the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect should be closed and make the communicating pipe between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank isolated from one anotherly namely turn off electromagnetic valve.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 8a, 8b, Fig. 9, Figure 10 a, 10b, describe the application carries out dynamic balance of oil pumping unit adjustment and control preferred embodiment by preferred balance of well pumping unit device in detail:

Operating principle; As Fig. 9, when the power supply in switchbox 10 is connected, motor 9 drives reduction box 6 to rotate by belt 8, output shaft 19 drives sucker rod 1 to pump by crank 12, connecting rod 5, walking beam 3, horse head 2, when crank moves in lower dead center motion process by top dead centre, when horse head 2 drives sucker rod to move upward, be the upstroke of oil pumper, also namely up; When crank moves in top dead centre process by lower dead center, horse head 2 drives sucker rod to move downward, for the down stroke of oil pumper, also namely descending, as seen from Figure 9, when horse head moves upward, during crank 12 moves downward, the adjustable counterweight parts release potential energy be made up of carrier 14 and balancing weight 15, stand-by motor 6 does work, and when horse head 2 move downward, crank 12 moves upward in process, the potential energy that kinetic transformation is a certain height by adjustable counterweight parts provides potential energy for the cycle of operation next time.

Each cycle, the CPU microprocessor be arranged in control cabinet 18 can utilize current sensor (can adopt current transformer, be arranged in switchbox 10) detect the degree of balance, the rotary position data utilizing acceleration transducer detection residing for crank of the current value calculating oil pumper of oil pumper uplink and downlink and judge oil pumper is in which stroke upper and lower, then comprehensively determine whether to make adjustable counterweight parts move with the dynamic equilibrium of in good time adjustment oil pumper;

When adjustable counterweight parts are controlled mobile, utilize position sensor judge adjustable counterweight parts whether move and the distance of single movement whether in the scope set;

To send as an envoy to the driving instruction that adjustable counterweight parts move or stop according to above-mentioned analysis result CPU microprocessor:

As Fig. 8 a, shown in 10a, when judging that the degree of balance of oil pumper is less than the minimum value of setting value and crank output shaft drives crank rotation angle within the scope of 180 degree ~ 360 degree, the electromagnetic valve that CPU Microprocessor S3C44B0X has threeway effect is opened, make first, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and and liquid reserve tank between be interconnected communicating pipe, at this moment adjustable counterweight parts under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force to moving away from crank shaft output shaft side (also namely moving outside crank), and drive the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder and piston also to moving (for piston the first embodiment with the hydraulic mechanism of adjustable counterweight parts movement) away from crank output shaft side or making hydraulic cylinder opposing pistons and piston rod also to moving away from crank output shaft side (for the second embodiment of hydraulic cylinder with the hydraulic mechanism of adjustable counterweight parts movement), at this moment the hydraulic medium of the second hydraulic cavities of piston is compressed, flow to the first hydraulic cavities through hydraulic circuit, while piston movement, hydraulic cylinder first hydraulic cavities creates suction, by in the hydraulic medium suction chamber of hydraulic cylinder second hydraulic cavities, because the capacity of Capacity Ratio first hydraulic cavities of the second hydraulic cavities is little, first hydraulic cavities carrys out shortage of oil, again by the hydraulic medium in the liquid storage cylinder of liquid reserve tank through connecting pipeline, electromagnetic valve, in first hydraulic cavities of hydraulic circuit inhalant liquid cylinder pressure, also pull of vacuum is formed in the hydraulic cavities 31 of simultaneously liquid reserve tank 21, attract liquid reserve tank 21 inner carrier 39 and under the effect of spring 32 pressure, move to hydraulic cavities 31 side, the air chamber of piston opposite side is interior simultaneously produces pull of vacuum, air is inhaled in air chamber through air vent, when judging that the degree of balance of oil pumper is in the scope of setting, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between communicating pipe, making the piston 39 in hydraulic cylinder 16 be locked in cylinder 16, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank rail track, thus complete and once adjust.

As Fig. 8 b, shown in 10b, when judge the degree of balance of oil pumper higher than the maximum value of setting value and crank rotation angle 0 degree ~ 180 degree be crank to rotate to above crank output shaft in scope time, electromagnetic valve 36 is opened and is made first by CPU microprocessor, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and and liquid reserve tank between be interconnected communicating pipe, at this moment adjustable counterweight parts move also i.e. crank medial movement to the output shaft side of crank 12 under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force, and promote piston rod 40 and the piston 39 of hydraulic cylinder 16 or drive hydraulic cylinder opposing pistons, piston rod moves to crank output shaft side and also namely moves inward, at this moment the hydraulic medium of the first hydraulic cavities 38 is compressed, flow to the second hydraulic cavities 37 through hydraulic circuit, because Capacity Ratio second hydraulic cavities 37 of hydraulic cylinder 16 first hydraulic cavities is large, unnecessary hydraulic medium is through hydraulic circuit, electromagnetic valve, connecting pipeline is pressed to the liquid storage cylinder 31 in liquid reserve tank 21, at this moment the volume in liquid storage cylinder 31 increases, promote piston 23 under the effect of the pressure to move backward, spring 32 is compressed, air in air chamber 24 is owing to being extruded through air vent 25 by compression, when judging that the degree of balance of oil pumper is in the scope of setting, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between communicating pipe, making the piston 39 in hydraulic cylinder 16 be locked in cylinder 16, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank rail track, thus complete and once adjust,

For above-mentioned adjustment when judge oil pumper the degree of balance not set scope in and crank rotation angle also not in above-mentioned corresponding angular range time, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between communicating pipe, the piston 39 in hydraulic cylinder 16 is made to be locked in cylinder 16, adjustable counterweight parts are in locked state, move when waiting for that the next crank-motion cycle proceeds adjustment.

When electromagnetic valve is opened by control, and the movement of adjustable counterweight parts do not reach need adjustment precalculated position time, if when now the anglec of rotation of crank has exceeded the Action of Gravity Field scope of above-mentioned adjustable counterweight parts, CPU microprocessor meeting shut electromagnetic valve, and again adjust in the crank next period of motion.By the adjustment mode of repeatedly Approach by inchmeal, until the ratio of the value of ascending current and centrifugal current no longer adjusts within the scope of the dynamic equilibrium degree set by oil pumper.

When carrying out oil pumper above-mentioned dynamic equilibrium adjustment, if according to position sensor, CPU microprocessor detects that adjustable counterweight parts do not move, CPU microprocessor adjusts with regard to no longer order electromagnetic valve, and makes fault cues; If the uncontrolled automatic moving of adjustable counterweight parts detected, CPU microprocessor can force shutdown of pumping machine, and makes fault cues.

The present embodiment is when carrying out above-mentioned dynamic equilibrium and regulating, adjustment when being no matter the maximum value of the degree of balance higher than setting value or the adjustment of the minimum value lower than setting value, as long as just start to carry out to make the regulable control of adjustable counterweight parts movement with the dynamic equilibrium striven for having the more time to adjust in the one-period of crank-motion and reach oil pumper as early as possible, improve accuracy that dynamic balance of oil pumping unit regulates and property constantly when crank output shaft drives crank to rotate to horizontal level.

From above-mentioned control method, when the present invention adjustable counterweight parts, driving mechanism, control appliance combined to form in this please dynamic balance of oil pumping unit in good time self-checking device time, well achieve the real-time monitoring to dynamic balance of oil pumping unit and adjustment automatically, also there is good energy-saving effect simultaneously.

(3) about adopting the oil pumper of above-mentioned pumping unit control device and/or control method

Above-mentioned balance control device and control method thereof, not only can be suitable for new product manufacture, also be suitable for old product transformation, for being originally oil pumper (this equilibrate counterweight is be arranged on the side of crank with fixing weight, fixing position in oil pumper running) with crank and stable equilibrium balancing weight, we can adopt such improvement project:

The first improves the method for balance of well pumping unit control ability, this oil pumper is the oil pumper with crank and stable equilibrium balancing weight, before improving, stable equilibrium balancing weight is the side being arranged on described crank with fixing weight, fixing position in oil pumper running, improve crank and equilibrate counterweight entirety, become the overall structure with the above-mentioned crank of the application and adjustable balancing control device.

The second improves the method for balance of well pumping unit control ability, this oil pumper was the oil pumper with crank and stable equilibrium balancing weight originally, before improving, described balancing weight is the side being arranged on described crank with fixing weight, fixing position in oil pumper running, after improvement, original described equilibrate counterweight is improved to the preferably adjustable counterweight parts of the above-mentioned proposition of the application or increases the adjustable counterweight parts described in the application in former cranked another side.

The third improves the method for balance of well pumping unit control ability, this oil pumper was the oil pumper with crank and equilibrate counterweight originally, before improving, described balancing weight is the side being arranged on described crank with fixing weight, fixing position in oil pumper running, improve one's methods for: on the basis retaining original crank and equilibrate counterweight, between crank and equilibrate counterweight, increase the carrier described in the application.Further for this carrier arranges driving mechanism as above-mentioned in the application and control appliance.

Improved one's methods from above-mentioned, only please can change the counterweight part of oil pumper in this and other device and the performance of oil pumper need not be changed.Therefore the in good time self-checking device of the dynamic balance of oil pumping unit of the application well can also be applied to the transformation of old product, has huge economic worth.

Finally illustrate, the dynamic balance of oil pumping unit proposed for the application is fitted into self-checking device and control method thereof, no matter uses it for new product manufacture, still uses it for old product transformation, all belongs to the inventive concept of the application.

Claims (56)

1. the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit, it is for the cranked oil pumper of a kind of tool, at described crank by the uplink and downlink process that ceaselessly to rotarily drive beam-pumping unit sucker rod and constantly repeat, the in good time self-checking device of described dynamic balance of oil pumping unit is in order to control the balance of oil pumper, it is characterized in that: the in good time self-checking device of described dynamic balance of oil pumping unit comprises adjustable counterweight parts, these adjustable counterweight parts are located on the side of described crank, can be moved with the dynamic equilibrium of in good time adjustment oil pumper by control along described crank side.

2. the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described crank side is provided with the track for the movement of described adjustable counterweight parts in recessed or outstanding mode, and this track is integrally made up of crank or forms separately on crank side.

3. the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described adjustable counterweight parts comprise one can along the carrier of described crank side movement and one or more dismountable fixing balancing weight on this carrier.

4. the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the number of described balancing weight and the position of setting can adjust as required, when selecting multiple balancing weight, described multiple balancing weight can be combined as required, also can divide the diverse location place being located at carrier as required.

5. the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the weight-adjustable of each balancing weight described itself, it is made up of multiple dismountable weight stack stacked together.

6. the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described crank side is provided with the track for the movement of described adjustable counterweight parts in recessed or outstanding mode, and described carrier is provided with can along the slip of this rail moving or rolling structure.

7. the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the slip of described carrier or rolling structure are movably embedded in the track of described crank.

8. the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the another side of described crank is provided with in an operation stable equilibrium balancing weight be fixed on fixed weight on crank, crank is reserved with the multiple fixing holes this stable equilibrium balancing weight being carried out to the adjustment of artificial position.

9. the in good time self-checking device of the dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as described in any one of claim 3-8, it is characterized in that: the in good time self-checking device of described dynamic balance of oil pumping unit also comprises one by automatically controlling to make described adjustable counterweight parts carry out the driving mechanism of movement, and described driving mechanism makes adjustable counterweight parts move by the carrier acting on described adjustable counterweight parts.

10. the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: described driving mechanism is servomotor, realizes machinery adjustment by the form of motor leading screw.

The in good time self-checking device of 11. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: described driving mechanism is hydraulic mechanism.

The in good time self-checking device of 12. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that: described hydraulic mechanism comprises:

Hydraulic cylinder, its inside by a moveable piston be separated into two capacity not wait the airtight hydraulic cavities being full of hydraulic medium, the hydraulic cavities being wherein positioned at the larger capacity of piston nose is the first hydraulic cavities, the hydraulic cavities compared with low capacity being positioned at piston rear end is the second hydraulic cavities, the rear end of piston connects a piston rod, and piston rod stretches out outside hydraulic cylinder through the second hydraulic cavities and is fixed together with described adjustable counterweight parts; Hydraulic circuit is connected with between first, second hydraulic cavities described;

Liquid reserve tank, it is connected with hydraulic circuit by connecting pipeline, to be interconnected at connecting pipeline and hydraulic circuit, the hydraulic cylinder piston unnecessary hydraulic medium do not sucked by the second hydraulic cavities that is used for when moving that absorption first hydraulic cavities discharges or the feed flow insufficient section supplementing the second hydraulic cavities to the first hydraulic cavities;

Be provided with flowing controling part between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, be used to control mutually blocking or being interconnected between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline;

Described hydraulic medium is incompressible liquid, and when mutually blocking between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, piston is locked in a certain position, and adjustable counterweight parts are irremovable; When being interconnected between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, described adjustable counterweight parts can move and drive hydraulic cylinder piston to move between first, second hydraulic cavities under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force.

The in good time self-checking device of 13. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that: described hydraulic cylinder and liquid reserve tank are located at the crank output shaft side of described crank track, and described adjustable counterweight parts are located at the opposite side of described crank track.

The in good time self-checking device of 14. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that: described liquid reserve tank is fixed on hydraulic cylinder.

The in good time self-checking device of 15. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that: described hydraulic mechanism comprises:

One is arranged on adjustable counterweight components interior also can with the hydraulic cylinder of adjustable counterweight parts movement, its inside by a piston be separated into two capacity not wait the airtight hydraulic cavities being full of hydraulic medium, the hydraulic cavities being wherein positioned at the larger capacity of piston nose is the first hydraulic cavities, the hydraulic cavities compared with low capacity being positioned at piston rear end is the second hydraulic cavities, the rear end of piston connects a piston rod, and piston rod stretches out hydraulic cylinder extenal fixation on crank through the second hydraulic cavities; Hydraulic circuit is connected with between first, second hydraulic cavities described;

Liquid reserve tank, it is connected by the hydraulic circuit between connecting pipeline with first, second hydraulic cavities described, to be interconnected at connecting pipeline and hydraulic circuit, the hydraulic cylinder piston unnecessary hydraulic medium do not sucked by the second hydraulic cavities that is used for when moving that absorption first hydraulic cavities discharges or the feed flow insufficient section supplementing the second hydraulic cavities to the first hydraulic cylinder;

Be provided with flowing controling part between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, be used to control mutually blocking or being interconnected between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline;

Described hydraulic medium is incompressible liquid, and when mutually blocking between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, piston is locked in a certain position, and adjustable counterweight parts are irremovable; When being interconnected between described hydraulic circuit and connecting pipeline, described adjustable counterweight parts can move and drive hydraulic cylinder opposing pistons to move between first, second hydraulic cavities under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force.

The in good time self-checking device of 16. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that: described piston rod is fixed on the crank output shaft side of crank track, and adjustable counterweight parts are located at the opposite side of described crank track.

The in good time self-checking device of 17. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that: described liquid reserve tank is fixed on the balancing weight of described adjustable counterweight parts.

The in good time self-checking device of 18. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 17, is characterized in that: described flowing controling part and/or CPU microprocessor-based control case is housed is fixed on the balancing weight of adjustable counterweight parts.

The in good time self-checking device of 19. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 18, is characterized in that: described hydraulic cylinder, liquid reserve tank, balancing weight, carrier, control cabinet are combined into one.

The in good time self-checking device of 20. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that: described hydraulic cylinder liquid reserve tank, balancing weight, carrier and control cabinet adopt modular to be connected.

21. in good time self-checking devices of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as described in any one of claim 12-20, is characterized in that: described liquid reserve tank comprises a cylinder body, are formed with the annular seal space of a piston action in cylinder body; The cylinder part being positioned at described piston rear end is provided with a pressure energy-storaging spring, and one end of this pressure energy-storaging spring acts on piston, and the other end is fixed on the rear wall of cylinder body; Above-mentioned connecting pipeline is connected with the annular seal space of liquid reserve tank.

The in good time self-checking device of 22. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that: the cylinder part being positioned at the rear end of the piston of described liquid reserve tank is an air chamber, which is provided with an air vent.

The in good time self-checking device of 23. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that: the front end of described liquid reserve tank piston is provided with the taper liquid level detector having and detect the effect of annular seal space liquid level.

The in good time self-checking device of 24. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that: the annular seal space of described piston is provided with tank filler sleeve and drain hole.

25. in good time self-checking devices of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as described in any one of claim 12-20, is characterized in that: described flowing controling part is three two-way electromagnetic valves be arranged on connecting pipeline, hydraulic circuit.

26. in good time self-checking devices of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as described in any one of claim 12-20, it is characterized in that: described flowing controling part is the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect be arranged between connecting pipeline and hydraulic circuit, this electromagnetic valve is closed type, only opens when carrying out dynamic balance of oil pumping unit and automatically regulate in good time.

The 27. in good time self-checking devices of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 26 described, is characterized in that: described in there is threeway effect electromagnetic valve be the electromagnetic valve with current-limiting function, can have manually and automatic control function simultaneously.

28. in good time self-checking devices of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as described in claim 12 or 15, is characterized in that: described incompressible hydraulic medium is the hydraulic oil with antifreeze function.

The in good time self-checking device of 29. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the in good time self-checking device of described dynamic balance of oil pumping unit also comprises and can move the control appliance carrying out dynamic balance of oil pumping unit adjustment by adjustable counterweight parts described in reed time controll, and this control appliance comprises:

Signal gathering unit, it comprises current sensor for detecting oil pumper uplink and downlink current value and for the acceleration transducer that detects position of rotation residing for crank and the position sensor for detecting described adjustable counterweight parts situation of movement;

CPU microprocessor, it has following functions:

The current value of the uplink and downlink of the oil pumper detected according to above-mentioned current sensor calculates the degree of balance of oil pumper and judges this degree of balance whether in the scope of setting;

The data detected according to acceleration transducer judge position of rotation residing for crank and are in up or are in descending process;

Position of rotation residing for the degree of balance of oil pumper and crank determines whether adjustable counterweight parts are moved again;

After sending the instruction making the movement of adjustable counterweight parts, whether move according to the data judging adjustable counterweight parts of position sensor and the distance of single movement whether in setting range;

According to above-mentioned analysis result, CPU microprocessor is sent as an envoy to the driving instruction that adjustable counterweight parts move or stop.

The in good time self-checking device of 30. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 29, it is characterized in that: when the driving mechanism controlling the movement of adjustable counterweight parts is for hydraulic mechanism in the in good time self-checking device of the dynamic balance of oil pumping unit described in the claims 12 or 15, described CPU microprocessor makes adjustable counterweight parts move or stop by the flowing controling part of the described hydraulic mechanism of control.

The in good time self-checking device of 31. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 30, it is characterized in that: when needs adjustable counterweight parts move, crank run to adjustable counterweight parts can utilize the position of self gravity and centrifugal force movement time, control described flowing controling part and make the first hydraulic cavities, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and the connecting pipeline between liquid reserve tank communicate with each other, when the adjustable arrangement components of needs is locked in a certain position, control flowing controling part and make the first hydraulic cavities, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and the connecting pipeline between liquid reserve tank isolated from one another.

The in good time self-checking device of 32. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 31, it is characterized in that: when described flowing controling part in the in good time self-checking device of the dynamic balance of oil pumping unit described in claim 26 or 27 there is the electromagnetic valve of threeway effect time, the connecting pipeline between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank is communicated with each other and namely opens electromagnetic valve; Make that namely the connecting pipeline between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank is isolated from one another turns off electromagnetic valve.

The in good time self-checking device of 33. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 29, it is characterized in that: described control appliance also comprises fault cues unit, when carrying out dynamic balance of oil pumping unit adjustment, if according to position sensor, CPU microprocessor detects that adjustable counterweight parts do not move, CPU microprocessor adjusts with regard to no longer order electromagnetic valve, and makes fault cues; If the uncontrolled automatic moving of adjustable counterweight parts detected, CPU microprocessor can force shutdown of pumping machine, and makes fault cues.

The in good time self-checking device of 34. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 29, is characterized in that: described CPU microprocessor is programmable logic controller.

The in good time self-checking device of 35. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 29, is characterized in that: described control appliance also comprises human-computer dialogue unit.

The in good time self-checking device of 36. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 29, is characterized in that: described current sensor is the current transformer be located in switchbox; Described acceleration transducer is located on described crank, and described position sensor is located on adjustable counterweight parts.

The in good time self-checking device of 37. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 29, is characterized in that: described acceleration transducer is arranged on the circuit board of the control cabinet on described crank.

The in good time self-checking device of 38. dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 37, is characterized in that: described position sensor is connected across between cylinder wall and carrier.

39. 1 kinds of oil pumpers, is characterized in that: it has the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit described in any one of claim 1-38.

40. 1 kinds, for the dynamic equilibrium control method of oil pumper described in claim 39, is characterized in that:

Utilize current sensor to detect the current value of oil pumper uplink and downlink, utilize the position of rotation of acceleration transducer detection residing for crank, utilize position sensor to detect the situation of movement of adjustable counterweight parts;

The above-mentioned data detected are passed to CPU microprocessor, utilize the degree of balance of the current value determination oil pumper of oil pumper uplink and downlink and the position of rotation judging whether in the scope of setting, utilize the data of acceleration transducer to judge residing for crank, the position of rotation afterwards residing for the degree of balance of oil pumper and crank determines whether adjustable counterweight parts are moved;

When adjustable counterweight parts are controlled mobile, utilize position sensor judge adjustable counterweight parts whether move and the distance of single movement whether in the scope set;

To send as an envoy to the driving instruction that adjustable counterweight parts move or stop according to above-mentioned analysis result CPU microprocessor.

The dynamic equilibrium control method of 41. oil pumpers as claimed in claim 40, is characterized in that:

The distance of described CPU Microprocessor S3C44B0X adjustable counterweight parts movement at every turn in 10mm ~ 40mm and/or the degree of balance setting value of described oil pumper be 0.85 ~ 1.

The dynamic equilibrium control method of 42. oil pumpers as claimed in claim 41, is characterized in that: utilize described CPU microprocessor described adjustable counterweight parts of sening as an envoy to move or the driving instruction that stops is:

When judge the degree of balance of described oil pumper lower than the minimum value of setting range and crank rotation angle within the scope of 180 degree ~ 360 degree time, drive described adjustable counterweight parts to move to away from crank output shaft side;

When judge the degree of balance of described oil pumper higher than the maximum value of setting value and crank rotation angle as 0 degree ~ 180 degree, drive described adjustable counterweight parts to move near crank output shaft side;

When judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is in the scope of setting, is locked in adjustable counterweight parts on crank track;

When judge described oil pumper the degree of balance not set scope in and crank rotation angle not in above-mentioned corresponding angular range time, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank track, wait for the next crank-motion cycle proceed adjustment;

When judging that adjustable counterweight parts do not move or the distance of single movement exceedes setting value, adjustable counterweight parts being locked on crank track, carrying out shutdowns detection.

The dynamic equilibrium control method of 43. oil pumpers as claimed in claim 42, it is characterized in that: when the movement of described adjustable counterweight parts or locking be realized by the hydraulic mechanism in the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit described in any one of claim 12-28 time, adjustable counterweight parts are made to move or stop by the flowing controling part controlling described hydraulic mechanism: when the adjustable arrangement components of needs moves, crank run to adjustable counterweight parts can utilize the position of self gravity and centrifugal force movement time, control described flowing controling part and make the first hydraulic cavities, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and the connecting pipeline between liquid reserve tank communicate with each other, when the adjustable arrangement components of needs is locked in a certain position, control flowing controling part and make the first hydraulic cavities, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and the connecting pipeline between liquid reserve tank isolated from one another.

The dynamic equilibrium control method of 44. oil pumpers as claimed in claim 43, it is characterized in that: when described flowing controling part in the in good time self-checking device of the dynamic balance of oil pumping unit described in claim 26 or 27 there is the electromagnetic valve of threeway effect time, the connecting pipeline between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank is communicated with each other and namely opens electromagnetic valve; Make that namely the connecting pipeline between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank is isolated from one another turns off electromagnetic valve.

The dynamic equilibrium control method of 45. oil pumpers as claimed in claim 44, is characterized in that: described in the solenoid control that above-mentioned utilization has a threeway effect, the concrete mode of adjustable counterweight parts movement is:

When judge the degree of balance of described oil pumper lower than the minimum value of setting range and crank rotation angle within the scope of 180 degree ~ 360 degree time, drive described adjustable counterweight parts to move to away from crank output shaft side; Open electromagnetic valve, connecting pipeline between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank is communicated with each other, described adjustable counterweight parts can move to away from crank output shaft side under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force;

When judge the degree of balance of described oil pumper higher than the maximum value of setting value and crank rotation angle as 0 degree ~ 180 degree within the scope of time crank, open electromagnetic valve, connecting pipeline between hydraulic circuit between first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank is communicated with each other, and described adjustable counterweight parts can move near crank output shaft side under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force;

When judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is in the scope of setting, shut electromagnetic valve, make connecting pipeline between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank isolated from one another, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank track;

When judge described oil pumper the degree of balance not set scope in and crank rotation angle not in above-mentioned corresponding angular range time, shut electromagnetic valve, make connecting pipeline between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank isolated from one another, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank track, wait for that the next crank-motion cycle proceeds adjustment;

When judging that adjustable counterweight parts do not move or the distance of single movement exceedes setting value; shut electromagnetic valve; make connecting pipeline between the hydraulic circuit between the first hydraulic cavities, the second hydraulic cavities and liquid reserve tank isolated from one another; adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank rail track, carry out shutdown and detect.

The dynamic equilibrium control method of 46. oil pumpers as claimed in claim 44, it is characterized in that: when described flowing controling part for the electromagnetic valve with threeway effect in the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit described in aforementioned claim 26 or 27 and liquid reserve tank for the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit described in aforementioned any one of claim 12-23 in described in liquid reserve tank time, the method utilizing described hydraulic mechanism to control adjustable counterweight parts movements is in good time:

When judging that the degree of balance of oil pumper is less than the minimum value of setting value and crank output shaft drives crank rotation angle within the scope of 180 degree ~ 360 degree, the electromagnetic valve that CPU Microprocessor S3C44B0X has threeway effect is opened, make first, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and and liquid reserve tank between connecting pipeline be interconnected, at this moment adjustable counterweight parts under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force to away from crank output shaft side, and drive the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder and piston or hydraulic cylinder opposing pistons bar and piston are moved to away from crank output shaft side, at this moment the hydraulic medium of the second hydraulic cavities of piston is compressed, flow to the first hydraulic cavities through hydraulic circuit, while piston movement, hydraulic cylinder first hydraulic cavities creates suction, by in the hydraulic medium suction chamber of hydraulic cylinder second hydraulic cavities, because the capacity of Capacity Ratio first hydraulic cavities of the second hydraulic cavities is little, first hydraulic cavities carrys out shortage of oil, again by the hydraulic medium in the liquid storage cylinder of liquid reserve tank through connecting pipeline, electromagnetic valve, in first hydraulic cavities of hydraulic circuit inhalant liquid cylinder pressure, also pull of vacuum is formed in the liquid storage cylinder (31) of simultaneously liquid reserve tank (21), attract liquid reserve tank (21) inner carrier (39) under the effect of spring (32) pressure, move to liquid storage cylinder side, the air chamber of piston opposite side is interior simultaneously produces pull of vacuum, air is inhaled in air chamber through air vent, when judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is in the scope of setting, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between connecting pipeline, make that the piston (39) in hydraulic cylinder (16) is locked in (16) in cylinder, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank rail track, thus complete and once adjust,

When judge the degree of balance of described oil pumper higher than the maximum value of setting value and crank rotation angle within the scope of 0 degree ~ 180 degree time, electromagnetic valve (36) is opened and is made first by CPU microprocessor, hydraulic circuit between second hydraulic cavities and and liquid reserve tank between connecting pipeline be interconnected, at this moment adjustable counterweight parts move to the output shaft side of crank (12) under the effect of self gravitation and centrifugal force, and promote piston rod (40) and the piston (39) of hydraulic cylinder (16) or drive hydraulic cylinder opposing pistons, piston rod moves to crank output shaft side, at this moment the hydraulic medium of the first hydraulic cavities (38) is compressed, flow to the second hydraulic cavities (37) through hydraulic circuit, because Capacity Ratio second hydraulic cavities (37) of hydraulic cylinder (16) first hydraulic cavities is large, unnecessary hydraulic medium is through hydraulic circuit, electromagnetic valve, connecting pipeline is pressed to the liquid storage cylinder (31) in liquid reserve tank (21), at this moment the volume in liquid storage cylinder (31) increases, promote piston (23) under the effect of the pressure to move backward, spring (32) is compressed, air in air chamber (24) is owing to being extruded through air vent (25) by compression, when judging that the degree of balance of described oil pumper is in the scope of setting, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between connecting pipeline, make that the piston (39) in hydraulic cylinder (16) is locked in (16) in cylinder, adjustable counterweight parts are locked on crank rail track, thus complete and once adjust,

When judge described oil pumper the degree of balance not set scope in and crank rotation angle also not in above-mentioned corresponding angular range time, shut electromagnetic valve, cutting-off liquid hydraulic circuit and being communicated with between connecting pipeline, the piston (39) in hydraulic cylinder (16) is made to be locked in cylinder (16), adjustable counterweight parts are in locked state, move when waiting for that the next crank-motion cycle proceeds adjustment;

Using incompressible hydraulic oil with antifreeze function as hydraulic medium.

The dynamic equilibrium control method of 47. oil pumpers as claimed in claim 46, it is characterized in that: described control method also comprises fault cues step: when carrying out the above-mentioned dynamic equilibrium of oil pumper and adjusting, if according to position sensor, CPU microprocessor detects that adjustable counterweight parts do not move, CPU microprocessor adjusts with regard to no longer order electromagnetic valve, and makes fault cues; If the uncontrolled automatic moving of adjustable counterweight parts detected, CPU microprocessor can force shutdown of pumping machine, and makes fault cues.

The dynamic equilibrium control method of 48. oil pumpers stated as the claims 47, is characterized in that: the distance of described CPU Microprocessor S3C44B0X adjustable counterweight parts movement at every turn in 10mm ~ 40mm and/or the degree of balance of described oil pumper equal descending maximum current divided by up maximum current.

49. as above-mentioned control method according to claim 48, it is characterized in that: when electromagnetic valve is opened by control, and the movement of adjustable counterweight parts do not reach need adjustment precalculated position time, if when now the anglec of rotation of crank has exceeded the Action of Gravity Field scope of adjustable counterweight parts, CPU microprocessor meeting shut electromagnetic valve, and again adjust in the crank next period of motion.

50. as above-mentioned control method according to claim 49, it is characterized in that: when setting range can not be reached within a period of motion of crank to the adjustment of balance of well pumping unit degree, again adjust in the crank next period of motion, by the adjustment mode of repeatedly Approach by inchmeal, until the ratio of the value of ascending current and centrifugal current no longer adjusts within the scope of the dynamic equilibrium degree set by oil pumper.

51. as above-mentioned control method according to claim 50, it is characterized in that: when dynamic equilibrium during maximum value when the degree of balance of carrying out above-mentioned oil pumper is less than the minimum value of setting value or higher than setting value regulates, as long as just start to make adjustable counterweight parts move when crank output shaft drives crank to rotate to corresponding horizontal level.

52. 1 kinds of oil pumpers, it adopts the dynamic equilibrium control method described in any one of claim 40-51.

53. 1 kinds of methods improving balance of well pumping unit control ability, this oil pumper is the beam pumping unit with crank and equilibrate counterweight, before improving, described equilibrate counterweight is the side being arranged on described crank with fixing weight, fixing position in oil pumper running, it is characterized in that: improve described crank and equilibrate counterweight entirety, after making it improve, become the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit described in any one of claim 1-39.

54. 1 kinds of methods improving balance of well pumping unit control ability, this oil pumper was the beam pumping unit with crank and equilibrate counterweight originally, before improving, described balancing weight is the side being arranged on described crank with fixing weight, fixing position in oil pumper running, it is characterized in that: the adjustable counterweight parts in the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit that former cranked another side increases as described in any one of claim 1-39.

55. 1 kinds of methods improving balance of well pumping unit control ability, this oil pumper was the beam pumping unit with crank and equilibrate counterweight originally, before improving, described balancing weight is the side being arranged on described crank with fixing weight, fixing position in oil pumper running, it is characterized in that: on the basis retaining original crank and equilibrate counterweight, between crank and equilibrate counterweight, increase the carrier in the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit as described in any one of claim 3-39.

56. methods improving as claimed in claim 55 balance of well pumping unit control abilities, is characterized in that: be the driving mechanism in the in good time self-checking device of dynamic balance of oil pumping unit that described carrier arranges as described in any one of claim 12-28, and control appliance.