CN102811309A - Method and device for generating shallow depth-of-field image - Google Patents
Method and device for generating shallow depth-of-field image Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and device for generating a shallow depth-of-field image. The method comprises the following steps of: shooting a shot main body according to a first aperture value to generate a first aperture value image; shooting the shot main body according to the second aperture value to generate a second aperture value image, wherein the second aperture value is more than the first aperture value; analyzing the first aperture value image and the second aperture value image to obtain an image difference; and judging that the image difference is more than a critical value, and processing the first aperture value image to obtain the shallow depth-of-field image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of image processing method and device, relate in particular to a kind of method and device that produces shallow depth image.
Background technology
Fig. 1 is the sketch map that known camera lens is focused to the shot subject plane.Please with reference to Fig. 1; When camera lens 10 is focused facing to shot subject plane 20; When shot subject plane 20 after focal plane 30 imaging reaches the most clear picture; Distance between camera lens 10 and the shot subject plane 20 is photo distance Y, and the distance between camera lens 10 and the focal plane 30 is camera lens focal length (focal length) y.When using the camera photographic images; In order to highlight the theme in the captured image; Generally can adopt the shooting skill of the so-called shallow depth of field, just all can know imaging, yet the object outside this photo distance Y is fuzzy gradually less than the object within the photo distance Y.
Yet the shallow Deep Canvas that general camera lens can produce is quite limited, if will obtain preferable shallow Deep Canvas; Then need to carry out a series of the company with different focal and clap, find out each pixel position the most clearly in each image respectively, and then utilize the relation of the focal length and the depth of field Same Scene; Come the relative depth of field of each pixel in the launch plan picture; Yet required processing time of the method is tediously long, and the storage area that consumes is very big, is unfavorable for commercialization.
If Same Scene is taken 2 to 3 images with different focal; That is to say; Utilize several images push away the relation of the relative depth of field of each pixel; Though can reduce the processing time a little, its result is subject to the influence of image noise, and the image after causing handling produces the discontinuous or natural inadequately problem of the depth of field.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of method that produces shallow depth image, can differentiate the relative depth of field of the captured picture material of two kinds of different f-numbers, keeps the definition of image subject by this and strengthens the fog-level of the non-main part of image.
The present invention provides a kind of device that produces shallow depth image, and different f-numbers capable of using are taken Same Scene, carries out can keeping the definition of image subject after the image processing and the fog-level of strengthening the non-main part of image.
From a viewpoint, the present invention proposes a kind of method that produces shallow depth image, and the method comprises the following steps.According to first f-number shot subject is taken, used producing the first f-number image.And this shot subject is taken according to second f-number, use producing the second f-number image, wherein, second f-number is greater than first f-number.In addition, analyze the first f-number image and the second f-number image, to obtain image difference.In addition, if judge that this image difference greater than critical value, then carries out image processing to obtain shallow depth image to the first f-number image.
In one embodiment of this invention, described foundation first f-number is taken shot subject, uses the step that produces the first f-number image and comprises that foundation first f-number carries out defocused shooting this shot subject, and obtain this first f-number image.And in the first f-number image, choose a clear area that comprises this shot subject.
In one embodiment of this invention, described foundation second f-number is taken this shot subject, uses after the step that produces the second f-number image, also comprises and utilizes this clear area to calculate the geometric transformation parameter of the second f-number image.And the second f-number image is carried out geometric transformation according to this geometric transformation parameter, to obtain the second f-number image after the conversion.
In one embodiment of this invention, wherein if judge that image difference greater than critical value, then carries out image processing to the first f-number image and comprises the following steps with the step that produces shallow depth image.If judge image difference greater than critical value, then the second f-number image after the first f-number image and the conversion is carried out smoothing and handle, use obtaining relative depth map.And this relative depth map is carried out Fuzzy processing to produce the obfuscation image.With this obfuscation image and first averaging of the f-number image processing, use this shallow depth image of acquisition again.
In one embodiment of this invention, described smoothing is handled and is adopted image interpolation method.
In one embodiment of this invention, the method for the shallow depth image of described generation also comprises if judge that this image difference is not more than critical value, then directly exports the first f-number image.
From another viewpoint, the present invention proposes a kind of device that produces shallow depth image, and it comprises the image acquisition module and handles module.The image acquisition module is taken shot subject according to first f-number and second f-number respectively, uses and produces the first f-number image and the second f-number image respectively.Wherein, second f-number is greater than first f-number.Handle module and be coupled to the image acquisition module, analyze the first f-number image and the second f-number image, use the acquisition image difference.Handle module if judge that this image difference greater than critical value, then carries out image processing to produce shallow depth image to the first f-number image.
In one embodiment of this invention, described image acquisition module carries out defocused shooting shot subject according to first f-number, and produces the first f-number image.
In one embodiment of this invention, choose the clear area that comprises shot subject in the first f-number image that described processing module is produced the image acquisition module.
In one embodiment of this invention, the device of the shallow depth image of described generation also comprises the geometric transformation unit.The geometric transformation unit is coupled to the processing module; This clear area of geometric transformation unit by using is to calculate the geometric transformation parameter of the second f-number image; And utilize the geometric transformation parameter that the second f-number image is carried out geometric transformation, to produce the second f-number image after changing.
In one embodiment of this invention, described processing module comprises smoothing processing unit and Fuzzy processing unit.Handle module if judge this image difference, then handle module control smoothing processing unit and the second f-number image after the first f-number image and the conversion is carried out smoothing handle, to obtain relative depth map greater than critical value.The Fuzzy processing unit carries out Fuzzy processing to produce the obfuscation image to relative depth map, wherein, handles module with the obfuscation image and first averaging of the f-number image processing, uses producing shallow depth image.
In one embodiment of this invention, described processing module is then directly exported the first f-number image if judge that image difference is not more than critical value.
Based on above-mentioned; The method and the device of the shallow depth image of generation provided by the present invention cause the different characteristic of image depth by the difference of aperture size, and Same Scene is taken with different f-numbers; And the difference between movement images; Differentiate the relative depth of field of picture material by this, when image difference is enough big, just can carry out the synthetic fog-level of strengthening non-main body with the definition that keeps image subject of image; When image difference is on the low side, then can directly export the captured image of large aperture.
For letting the above-mentioned feature and advantage of the present invention can be more obviously understandable, hereinafter is special lifts embodiment, and conjunction with figs. elaborates as follows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map that known camera lens is focused to the shot subject plane.
Fig. 2 is the device block diagram according to the shallow depth image of generation shown in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the method flow diagram according to the shallow depth image of generation shown in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the device block diagram according to the shallow depth image of generation shown in the another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the method flow diagram according to the shallow depth image of generation shown in the another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral:
10: camera lens
20: the shot subject plane
30: focal plane
200,400: the device that produces shallow depth image
210,410: the image acquisition module
220,420: handle module
422: the smoothing processing unit
424: the Fuzzy processing unit
430: the geometric transformation unit
Y: photo distance
Y: camera lens focal length
S310～S340: each step of the method for the shallow depth image of generation of one embodiment of the invention
S510～S580: each step of the method for the shallow depth image of generation of another embodiment of the present invention
Embodiment
The present invention proposes the method that a kind of relation of utilizing the depth of field and aperture size is synthesized shallow depth image.With large aperture in-plant object is carried out defocused shooting earlier; Rough then frame publish picture the picture in the clear area; Then change with less aperture and take second image; Two images are analyzed, utilized difference size between these two images to represent the relative depth of field of shot subject zone and other background areas, and synthetic according to the shallow depth image of this image difference decision whether carrying out.In order to make content of the present invention more clear, below enumerate the example that embodiment can implement as the present invention really according to this.
Fig. 2 is the device block diagram according to the shallow depth image of generation shown in one embodiment of the invention.Please with reference to Fig. 2, the device 200 of the shallow depth image of generation of present embodiment for example is digital camera, video camera or possesses intelligent mobile phone of camera function or the like that the device 200 that produces shallow depth image comprises image acquisition module 210 and handles module 220.Its function division is following:
Image acquisition module 210 comprises camera lens, photo-sensitive cell and aperture.Camera lens for example is that standard lens, wide-angle lens, varifocal mirror are first-class.Photo-sensitive cell for example is charge coupled cell (Charge Coupled Device; CCD), complementary matal-oxide semiconductor (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor; CMOS) element or other elements, camera lens and photo-sensitive cell or its are combined in this neither limiting.
Aperture refer to one group be produced on camera lens the inside can movable blade, by the size of control blade folding, just can control light within a certain period of time, get into the number of image acquisition module 210 interior light quantities.This perforate meeting is done and is regulated and open big or dwindle along with the f-number on the camera lens (those of ordinary skills also are called the f value).Common f value has: f1.4, f2, f2.8, f4, f5.6, f8, f11, f16, f22, f32.Be noted that at this f value heals the perforate of little then aperture more greatly, light-inletting quantity the more; More then the aperture perforate is littler for the f value, and light-inletting quantity is fewer.In view of the above, " large aperture " described in the present embodiment is meant the f-number that the f value is less.The image acquisition module 210 of present embodiment mainly utilizes two kinds of different f-numbers to come Same Scene is taken, and uses to produce first and second f-number image.
Handling module 220 for example is CPU (Central Processing Unit; CPU); Or other programmable microprocessors (Microprocessor), digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor; DSP), Programmable Logic Controller, ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuits; ASIC), (Programmable Logic Device PLD) or other similar devices, handles module 220 and is coupled to image acquisition module 210 programmable logic device; First and second f-number image in order to image acquisition module 210 is received carries out analyzing and processing, uses to produce shallow depth image.
Fig. 3 is the method flow diagram according to the shallow depth image of generation shown in one embodiment of the invention.Please with reference to Fig. 3, the method for present embodiment is applicable to the device 200 of the shallow depth image of generation of Fig. 2, below promptly arrange in pairs or groups various elements explanation present embodiment among Fig. 2 produce the detailed step of the method for shallow depth image:
At first in step S310, image acquisition module 210 carries out defocused shooting shot subject according to first f-number, uses to produce the first f-number image.Then, in step S320, image acquisition module 210 is according to second f-numbers and do not change under the situation of other conditions (for example focal length, shutter or photo distance etc.), and this shot subject is taken, and uses producing the second f-number image.Wherein, second f-number that is to say that greater than first f-number light-inletting quantity of the first f-number image is greater than second f-number.Therefore, under the same conditions, different with the picture result that different apertures are captured.Aperture bigger (the f value is littler), scenery clearly scope will be littler, and background is just fuzzyyer, and the main body of shooting has third dimension, and theme is also more clear and definite.
In more detail; When we carry out defocused shooting shot subject with large aperture, near the object the plane (shot subject plane 20 as shown in Figure 1 please cooperate with reference to Fig. 1) at shot subject place can be clearly; If do not change under the situation of other conditions; Only change with less aperture Same Scene taken, near the object the plane at shot subject place be clearly, apart from the plane at shot subject place object far away also for clearly.Thus, by two images that different f-numbers are captured relatively, where just can determine in the image is object closely, where is remote object.
Next in step S330, handling module 220 is according to above-mentioned viewpoint first and second f-number image to be analyzed, to obtain image difference.Its method for example is to calculate GTG value poor of each pixel in first and second f-number image, also can be aided with the Image Edge-Detection algorithm and use the difference of telling shot subject zone and other background areas.If image difference is on the low side, represent each object in whole the image not far, so be all clearly with the captured image that comes out of two kinds of different f-numbers with the distance that shot subject belongs to the focal plane.If image difference is bigger, the distance to the focal plane of represent each object and shot subject in whole the image to belong to is far away.
Therefore, in step S340, handle module 220 if judge that this image difference greater than critical value, then carries out image processing to obtain shallow depth image to the first f-number image.Wherein, critical value can be selected according to present screening-mode or freely set according to shooting environmental by the user by handle module 220 automatically, does not limit at this.Image processing is that background area (apart from each object far away to the focal plane at shot subject place) blured reinforcement, highlights theme to reach, and makes shot subject that relief effect arranged.
What this must explain be; The ratio of first f-number and second f-number and employed lens properties and photo distance (photo distance Y as shown in Figure 1) are relevant; Therefore first f-number is done adjustment with the ratio fibrous root of second f-number according to the lens properties of the device 200 that produces shallow depth image and different photo distances in advance; Then during actual photographed, can adjust the first suitable f-number and second f-number is taken according to the distance between camera lens and the shot subject, therefore; First f-number and second f-number are not to immobilize, and can be adjusted according to the actual photographed situation by the user.
The present invention will be described below to lift an embodiment in addition.Fig. 4 is the device block diagram according to the shallow depth image of generation shown in the another embodiment of the present invention.Please with reference to Fig. 4, the device 400 of the shallow depth image of generation of present embodiment comprises image acquisition module 410, handles module 420 and geometric transformation unit 430.The device 400 of the shallow depth image of generation shown in Figure 4 is roughly similar with the device 200 of the shallow depth image of generation shown in Figure 2, thus below only just both differences describe.
Fig. 5 is the method flow diagram according to the shallow depth image of generation shown in the another embodiment of the present invention.Please cooperate simultaneously with reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
If this image difference greater than critical value, then carries out image processing to obtain to strengthen the shallow depth image (step S570) of blurred background to the first f-number image.For example, in carrying out, inserts the second f-number image after handling 422 pairs first f-number images of module 420 may command smoothing processing units and changing, to obtain relative depth map.Say that at length because image difference is enough big, represent the depth of field of the first f-number image darker, the depth of field of the second f-number image is more shallow, can produce the more continuous relative depth map of the depth of field after the smoothing of inserting in therefore adopting is handled.Follow the 424 pairs of relative depth maps in Fuzzy processing capable of using unit and carry out Fuzzy processing to produce an obfuscation image, wherein, it is predetermined in advance that the obfuscation degree can be the user.At last, handle module 420 just with each averaging of pixel processing (for example being weighted average etc.) of this obfuscation image and the first f-number image.In view of the above, can produce the clear of maintenance shot subject zone and strengthen the shallow depth image of fuzzy other background areas.
Yet, get back to step 560, if judge that this image difference is not more than critical value; Each object beyond the expression shot subject and the position of other background areas all near the plane at shot subject place, that is to say; With the captured image difference of coming out of first and second two kinds of different f-numbers apart from little; Be all distinct image, promptly can't synthesize the shallow depth image of strengthening blurred background, therefore can directly export the first f-number image (step S580).In one embodiment; Judge that when handling module 420 image difference is not more than critical value; Can show the screen (not shown) of a hint image in the device 400 that produces shallow depth image; Use the present scene of taking of prompting user and be not suitable for carrying out the synthetic of shallow depth image, therefore, the user can seek the scene of the long depth of field in addition and take.In view of the above, the device 400 that produces shallow depth image can be saved unnecessary calculating, shortens its processing time.In another embodiment; If the image that the user takes with 410 maximum rings that can provide of existing image acquisition module and minimum aperture; Its image difference can't be greater than critical value, when just being not enough to judge the relative depth of field, can being aided with and changing camera lens focal length (focal length) and take afterwards; To produce two bigger images of image difference; Yet camera lens focal length and photo distance also have direct relation, so the adjustment of camera lens focal length also must adjust according to the actual photographed situation, just can take two images of image difference greater than critical value.
In sum, the method and the device of the shallow depth image of generation of the present invention only need have two kinds of two images that different apertures are captured of size, can synthesize the image of preferable shallow Deep Canvas, calculate simple and general consumption-orientation camera and can reach.The zoom lens of the costliness that does not need to be equipped with like high-grade camera carries out a series of the company to be clapped, and could calculate and produce shallow depth image.In addition, method of the present invention and device are on the low side at the image difference of two images, when being not suitable for carrying out shallow depth image synthetic, also can pointing out the user to seek better suited scene in addition in advance and take, and save the calculation process time by this.
Though the present invention discloses as above with embodiment, so it is not in order to limiting the present invention, any under the those of ordinary skill of technical field, when can doing a little change and retouching, and do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. method that produces shallow depth image, this method comprises the following steps:
According to one first f-number one shot subject is taken, used producing one first f-number image;
According to one second f-number this shot subject is taken, used producing one second f-number image, wherein this second f-number is greater than this first f-number;
Analyze this first f-number image and this second f-number image, to obtain an image difference; And
If judge that this image difference greater than a critical value, then carries out an image processing to obtain a shallow depth image to this first f-number image.
2. the method for the shallow depth image of generation according to claim 1 is wherein being taken this shot subject according to this first f-number, uses the step that produces this first f-number image, comprising:
According to this first f-number this shot subject is carried out defocused shooting, and obtain this first f-number image; And
In this first f-number image, choose a clear area that comprises this shot subject.
3. the method for the shallow depth image of generation according to claim 2 is wherein being taken this shot subject according to this second f-number, uses after the step that produces this second f-number image, also comprises:
Utilize this clear area to calculate a geometric transformation parameter of this second f-number image; And
According to this geometric transformation parameter this second f-number image is carried out geometric transformation, with this second f-number image after the acquisition conversion.
4. the method for the shallow depth image of generation according to claim 3, wherein if judge that this image difference greater than this critical value, then carries out this image processing to this first f-number image and comprises with the step that produces this shallow depth image:
If judge this image difference, this second f-number image after this first f-number image and the conversion is carried out a smoothing handle, to obtain a relative depth map greater than this critical value;
This relative depth map is carried out a Fuzzy processing to produce an obfuscation image; And
This obfuscation image and this first f-number image are carried out equalization processing, use this shallow depth image of acquisition.
5. the method for the shallow depth image of generation according to claim 4, wherein this smoothing is handled and is adopted an image interpolation method.
6. the method for the shallow depth image of generation according to claim 1 wherein also comprises:
If judge that this image difference is not more than this critical value, then directly export this first f-number image.
7. device that produces shallow depth image comprises:
One image acquisition module is taken a shot subject according to one first f-number and one second f-number respectively, uses and produces one first f-number image and one second f-number image respectively, and wherein, this second f-number is greater than this first f-number;
One handles module; Be coupled to this image acquisition module, analyze this first f-number image and this second f-number image, to obtain an image difference; If judge that this image difference greater than a critical value, then carries out an image processing to produce a shallow depth image to this first f-number image.
8. the device of the shallow depth image of generation according to claim 7, wherein this image acquisition module carries out defocused shooting this shot subject according to this first f-number, and produces this first f-number image.
9. the device of the shallow depth image of generation according to claim 8, wherein:
Choose a clear area that comprises this shot subject in this first f-number image that this processing module is produced this image acquisition module.
10. the device of the shallow depth image of generation according to claim 9 wherein also comprises:
One geometric transformation unit; Be coupled to this processing module; This this clear area of geometric transformation unit by using is to calculate a geometric transformation parameter of this second f-number image; And utilize this geometric transformation parameter that this second f-number image is carried out geometric transformation, to produce this second f-number image after changing.
11. the device of the shallow depth image of generation according to claim 10, wherein this processing module comprises:
One smoothing processing unit; This handles module if judge that this image difference is greater than this critical value; Then this smoothing processing unit of this processing module control carries out a smoothing to this second f-number image after this first f-number image and the conversion and handles, to obtain a relative depth map; And
One Fuzzy processing unit carries out a Fuzzy processing producing an obfuscation image to this relative depth map,
Wherein, this processing module carries out equalization processing with this obfuscation image and this first f-number image, uses this shallow depth image of generation.
12. the device of the shallow depth image of generation according to claim 7, wherein:
This processing module is then directly exported this first f-number image if judge that this image difference is not more than this critical value.
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Application publication date: 20121205 |