CN101221341A - Initialization method for field depth composition - Google Patents
Initialization method for field depth composition Download PDFInfo
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- CN101221341A CN101221341A CNA2007100003067A CN200710000306A CN101221341A CN 101221341 A CN101221341 A CN 101221341A CN A2007100003067 A CNA2007100003067 A CN A2007100003067A CN 200710000306 A CN200710000306 A CN 200710000306A CN 101221341 A CN101221341 A CN 101221341A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for setting composition of depth of filed, which takes advantage of foreground and background of the image being shot to create background shot effect, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: selecting a main object and a reference object on the screen of an image shooting device and ensuring that the main object is clear and the reference object is fuzzy, or in a preferable embodiment, clicking a touch-screen of an imaging shooting device for selection; calculating the distances of the main object and the reference object respectively after focusing, estimating the depth of field according to the distance of the main object and the reference object, and determining the f-number for shooting and shooting with other exposure settings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of initialization method for field depth composition, be meant the setting estimation depth of field of utilizing main body thing and reference substance especially, and calculate the image pickup method of a f-number.
Background technology
When carrying out filmed image, the size of aperture (aperture) is selected except the influence exposure, more influence the depth of field (depth of field) between object and background, the depth of field, briefly be exactly to finish defocused when the operation camera, scenery presents fully clearly distance range on egative film or CCD (charge-coupled device (CCD) inductor)/CMOS (CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) inductor) photo-sensitive cell, also can say and be scope clearly before and after the focus, be the tolerance of a segment distance, object in this segment distance all should be clearly, except aperture size can influence the depth of field depth, other factors was more as the length of lens focus (focus) and the distance of photo distance.
The relation of the depth of field, aperture, focal length and object distance (object distance) comprises that (1) aperture is bigger and the depth of field is more shallow; (2) focal length longer (as telephoto lens) and the depth of field is more shallow; (3) object distance (camera lens and intersubjective distance) is nearer and the depth of field is more shallow; Otherwise (1) aperture is healed little and the depth of field is darker; (2) focal length shorter (as micro-lens) and the depth of field is darker; (3) object distance (camera lens and intersubjective distance) is far away and the depth of field is darker.
Depth of field synoptic diagram as shown in Figure 1, wherein eyeglass 10 is represented magazine camera lens, through focus process, subject is positioned at the residing plane 14 of focusing f, with eyeglass 10 at a distance of a distance, be object distance s, the light that is reflected/sent by subject is following the principle process lens projects of focusing to the focal plane 12 at the focus f ' place of another side by eyeglass 10, focal plane 12 is image distance s ' with the distance of eyeglass 10, this is traditional egative film or is provided with as the position of photo-sensitive cells such as CCD/CMOS, and image is known in formation.Light begins to assemble and diffusion before and after focus f ', and image can produce a fuzzy scope.With respect to the phenomenon on the focal plane 12, the image that subject is produced in distance before and after the focusing f of another side still has one section definition range, depth of field d1 and back depth of field d2 before forming, d1 and d2 be exactly depth of field d.In other words, in the front and back field depth of subject, be presented on image on egative film/CCD/CMOS all at one clearly in the scope.
So, the cameraman when taking except that the adjustment of considering shutter, aperture, still need the influence of considering that the depth of field causes, as the image of needs decision in camera viewing window (View Finder) which for needing main body, which reference body clearly for bluring.Yet with regard to the digital camera that part has depth of field preview function, depth of field preview function needs to watch by picture window, and picture window is less, meeting deepening when watching (because aperture reflection light-inletting quantity), and be difficult for differentiating.
Except the screening-mode of general shutter priority (shutter priority) and aperture priority (aperture priority), known technology is more just like United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 532, No. 782 announcements with the depth of field as top-priority screening-mode (Camera having a depth priority operationmode), utilize the depth of field to go to calculate the technology of f-number, the object of the different distance in the picture that will absorb can both be fallen among the camera depth of field, just cooperate the technology of focusing, under the aperture that is calculated, make a plurality of objects can both present image clearly.
As shown in Figure 2, wherein indicating has object a and object b, on camera 20 generally is to come the controls lens focusing to press half shutter key, and can calculates the distance of the object of being focused, and calculates institute's light requirement simultaneously.On the program be earlier to object a focus, computed range, again another object b in the picture is focused and computed range, camera gets up these information recodes.Then the phenomenon of borrowing analysis to defocus (defocus) judges which object is nearly thing, and (1/A, A are 2,2.8 then all will to fall within the f-number that calculates a minimum in the depth of field with object a and object b, 4,5.6,8,11,16 etc.), take to adjust this f-number at last.
Control at the depth of field, known technology is United States Patent (USP) the 6th for another example, 801, No. 717 method and apparatus (Method and apparatusfor controlling the depth of field using multiple user interface markers) that utilize user's interface flag function control depth of field that disclose, choose neither same object earlier, and between two articles, focus, adjust the technology that aperture settings goes to adjust the depth of field afterwards.But the object in the picture of a kind of user's of allowing mark acquisition of its announcement is to control the digital camera of its mid-focal length and aperture, as first object in the first markup picture, focal length will be placed on this object afterwards, second object of mark again, then, can temporarily transfer the lay the grain circle afterwards and set the depth of field that comprises two objects also to second object focusing.
Summary of the invention
Be different from known technology, the technology that initialization method for field depth composition of the present invention disclosed is borrowed object on the mark screen, allows focus be placed on the main body, and that the reference substance of institute's mark is set at is fuzzy, shows a kind of shooting effect that utilizes depth of field setting to be produced.
And in the embodiment of the invention, the method step of setting at field depth composition comprises focuses to the main body thing earlier, and the object distance of calculating main body thing, again reference substance is focused, and the object distance of calculating reference substance, can run away with the spacing of this main body thing and reference substance this moment, estimate a depth of field according to spacing afterwards, relend to calculate a f-number, f-number is not to satisfy all situations, thus need to judge according to actual state and restriction whether this f-number is suitable, if inappropriate, then estimate another depth of field again, and recomputate another aperture; If this f-number is suitable, then take.
In other words, the invention provides a kind of initialization method for field depth composition, described method comprises: select a main body thing and a reference substance on the screen of a device for filming image; Warp is to defocused, respectively to this main body thing and this reference substance computed range; According to the relative distance of this main body thing and this reference substance, estimate a depth of field, and the decision f-number, so that this main body thing is clear state, and this reference substance is a fringe; And take.
The present invention also provides a kind of initialization method for field depth composition, and described method comprises: select a main body thing and a reference substance; Focus, and calculate the object distance of this main body thing and this reference substance; Draw a spacing of this main body thing and this reference substance; Estimate a depth of field according to this spacing; A selected f-number; Judgement is when this f-number, and whether this main body thing is clear state, and whether this reference substance is fringe; If then take; If not, then focus again, and selected again another f-number.
In sum, the present invention is a kind of initialization method for field depth composition, captures definition range and fuzzy scope selected in the picture earlier, with the required depth of field of distance judgement between the two, and calculate relative aperture taking, to reach the clear shooting effect with blurred background of prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the depth of field synoptic diagram of known technology;
Fig. 2 sets synoptic diagram for the known technology depth of field;
Figure 3 shows that device for filming image fuselage setting synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 sets synoptic diagram for the depth of field of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the main process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is an initialization method for field depth composition embodiment process flow diagram of the present invention; And
Fig. 7 is an initialization method for field depth composition embodiment process flow diagram of the present invention.
The main element description of reference numerals
Focusing f
Object distance s
Focus f '
Image distance s '
Preceding depth of field d1
Back depth of field d2
Depth of field d
Object a
Object b
Device for filming image 30
Setting key 304
Shutter key 301
Main body object distance D1
Reference substance is apart from D2
The object space D
Embodiment
The depth of field can produce when taking prospect and background area are separated out next effect, aperture is the most direct factor that influences depth of field size, so generally can utilize the mode of adjusting aperture to reach the Deep Canvas of wanting, except aperture, more there is the length of lens focus can cause different Deep Canvas with the distance of photo distance.
In general, the depth of field can decide by three parameters such as control aperture, focal length, shooting distances, and the depth of field approximately is directly proportional with f-number, f-number big more (stop opening is more little), the depth of field is also just big more, and just the depth of field than f-number 4 is big approximately 4 times such as f-number 16; And square being directly proportional of the depth of field and shooting distance, distance is far away more, and the depth of field is big more, and is to increase with a square ratio, and is just big 16 times than 4 meters such as the depth of field at 16 meters; Square being inversely proportional to of the depth of field and lens focus, focal length is more little, and the depth of field is big more, and is to increase with a square ratio, and is just big 4 times than 100mm camera lens such as the depth of field of 50mm camera lens.
Yet, the invention provides a kind of initialization method for field depth composition, by the mode of initiatively setting depth of field size, instead extrapolate due aperture size, cooperate the restriction of camera itself, as the restriction of aperture size, draw a suitable aperture and take.
See also device for filming image fuselage shown in Figure 3 and set synoptic diagram, the device for filming image of touch control screen is used in preferred embodiment of the present invention especially, promptly in order to the view touch control screen (touch screen) of preview shooting picture, allow the user determine main body thing and reference substance, other embodiment more can use has the mode that main body thing and reference substance are selected in direction operating key control cursor (as the operating key in the accompanying drawing 302) conduct that waits direction control up and down.The present invention is in order to produce the effect of the depth of field in picture, can use screen 303 touch controllable functions among the figure, click a main body thing (as accompanying drawing main body thing 307) in the picture that is captured, clicking this main body thing is the zone that clicks a particular range, is to want the clear prospect that presents; With click a reference substance (as referenced drawings thing 308), click this reference substance also near the zone of the particular range in the institute position that clicks, be the background that will cause blur effect.Two objects need occupy particular range in the picture, internal memory (not being shown among the figure) record when clicking in device for filming image 30 (as digital camera).
The shutter key of pressing in the accompanying drawing 301 is promptly taken, and more has embodiment to borrow partly to trip key 301 to carry out the work of focusing (focusing).In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, after clicking main body thing 307 and reference substance 308, when desiring to take, the action that utilizes the action partly press shutter key 301 respectively main body thing 307 and reference substance 308 to be focused, promptly utilize the aperture that calculates in real time to take at that moment in pressing shutter key 301, produce main body thing 307 and fuzzy reference substance 308, two articles effect vice versa clearly.304 of setting keys on the device for filming image 30 can carry out the setting of other acquisition parameters beyond the aperture.
See also the depth of field of the present invention shown in Figure 4 and set synoptic diagram, when the touch control screen (said elements 303) of user on device for filming image 30 gone up setting, or utilize direction operating key (said elements 302) to select to need the clear main body thing 307 that presents in the picture, with utilize not (defocus) on the focus and not the style of shooting in field depth cause the reference substance 308 of blur effect.In this example, main body thing 307 is positioned at the position nearer apart from device for filming image 30, and reference substance 308 is positioned at the position far away apart from device for filming image 30.
Among the last figure, behind decision main body thing 307, promptly carry out the focusing action of device for filming image 30, for making on the clear image sensor (CCD or CMOS) of being presented in the device for filming image 30 of image energy, eyeglass (nothing is shown among the figure) is driven and focuses in this moment camera lens, because the imaging formula of spherical mirror is 1/p+1/q=1/f in the perfect optics, wherein p is an object distance, q is an image distance, f is a focal length, in case focusing is finished, promptly learn focal distance f, image distance q be the distance of image sensor and spherical mirror also for as can be known, so can learn object distance p easily, be main body object distance D1 among the figure.In like manner, behind decision reference substance 308, can learn reference substance apart from D2 by the focusing action of device for filming image 30, subtract each other the absolute value of back object space D for both differences, this example is D=D2-D1.
Because produce the effect of blurred background, this object space D promptly must be greater than 30 depth of field that can provide of device for filming image in the present invention, that is, the estimation of the depth of field is less than this object space D, allows reference substance 308 fall within outside the depth of field, and can obtain fuzzy image.Yet, according to the restriction in shooting environmental and device for filming image 30 mechanisms, may have the inconsistent situation of fog-level, even, the depth of field can't reach the fuzzy effect of reference substance 308 because requiring too short, these special circumstances are subject to hardware and physical phenomenon, are not problem to be solved by this invention.
Cooperate the f-number and 30 settings of other device for filming image of calculating out to take at last by the object space D.
Disclosed field depth composition is set system and is used for device for filming image, borrow to estimate that the depth of field calculates that f-number takes, desire to reach the shooting effect of a blurred background, wherein ardware overview is as follows: the camera lens (comprising necessary lens set) that utilizes lens driving unit drives device for filming image, through to defocused will be by the camera lens pick-up image, utilize the image sensing unit charge-coupled device (CCD) inductor (CCD) or the CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) inductor (CMOS) of device for filming image (as be loaded into) again, pick-up image, and be converted to digital signal, the applied image of the present invention includes main body thing and reference substance at least, after should be shown on the LCD (LCD) that device for filming image disposes, its preferred embodiment can be a Touch Screen.In shooting process, will utilize mnemon temporary (buffer) by image sensing unit institute picked image, and remember selected main body thing and the occupied scope of reference substance, because main body thing or reference substance should occupy the particular range in the picture, just can focus and distance calculation, after taking, can store through the captured image of device for filming image.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system of selection of aforementioned body thing and reference substance also can utilize the cursor of the directionkeys control screen of filming apparatus itself to select except that can selecting by Touch Screen.And after selecting main body thing and reference substance, on display screen, produce label information respectively at main body thing and reference substance, this label information can be different label symbols or different colors, with selected main body thing of difference and reference substance, and in temporary this label information of internal memory.
Moreover, above-mentioned device for filming image includes the CPU (central processing unit) of handling each data and signal, can be a chip reaches, reception is by the digital signal of image sensing unit conversion image, and be shown in LCD, image will keep in or remember in mnemon, and wherein performed function more comprises: the label information of one or more than one main body thing and the reference substance that will select is remembered in mnemon, wherein the mode of Xuan Zeing comprises and utilizes touch control manner directly to carry out the selection of object on LCD, or utilizes the mode of directionkeys control cursor to carry out the selection of object; CPU (central processing unit) more respectively to main body thing and reference substance to defocused, utilize imaging formula to calculate the object distance of main body thing and reference substance respectively, calculate the spacing of main body thing and reference substance afterwards again; Estimate the depth of field by the spacing of main body thing and reference substance again; And calculate f-number by the depth of field and take.
Preferred embodiment of the present invention is reached numerical evaluation functions such as above-mentioned distance calculation, depth of field estimation and aperture calculating by the firmware (firmware) that is arranged in the device for filming image.
Key step as shown in Figure 5, screen on device for filming image is selected main body thing and reference substance, preferred embodiment of the present invention utilizes a device for filming image with touch control screen to click main body thing and reference substance in the picture, usually go up operation in a touch control type LCD screen (LCD), at this moment, preferred embodiment of the present invention is after selecting main body thing and reference substance, to on display screen, produce label information respectively at main body thing and reference substance, can symbol or selected main body thing of color differentiating and reference substance, label information will be temporary in the internal memory, be step S501, by the key focusing of partly tripping, system program in the device for filming image will calculate according to selected object, and obtain other distance, be step S503, again according to the relative position distance of main body thing and reference substance, estimate the depth of field, and determine required aperture size, so that this main body thing is clear state, and this reference substance is a fringe, more can determine other relative parameter in addition again, as by exposure value (EV), the various parameters that white balance (White balance) evolves, for step S505, take at last, be step S507.
Preferred embodiment flow process of the present invention sees also initialization method for field depth composition process flow diagram shown in Figure 6.
During beginning, the picture that control device for filming image acquisition desire is taken, and be shown on the screen of device for filming image, utilize touch control screen or directionkeys to determine at least one main body thing and reference substance, be step S601, then, can utilize partly trip key or other mode that reaches effect same respectively main body thing and reference substance to be focused, the means of focusing are step S603 for can reach according to known technology.And in when focusing device for filming image utilize imaging formula to calculate main body thing and reference substance distance respectively apart from device for filming image, and further draw the spacing of main body thing and reference substance, be step S605, estimate the depth of field of this embodiment again with this, the depth of field required for the present invention should be step S607 less than the spacing of main body thing and reference substance.
Calculate relative f-number by the depth of field of estimating afterwards, be step S609, except f-number, more need set other parameter before the shooting, comprise the parameter that cooperates exposure value (EV),, be step S611 as light sensitivity (ISO), shutter, white balance or other screening-mode, take at last, storage figure shelves, be step S613.
Fig. 7 shows preferred embodiment flow process of the present invention.
When the picture that decision will capture, utilize the Touch Screen decision main body thing on the device for filming image and the scope at reference substance place, and the label information of generation main body thing and reference substance, label information can be different label symbols or different colors, and borrow an internal memory temporary this label information, can determine simultaneously the main body thing to be image clearly, and reference substance is fuzzy image, be step S701, then can be earlier at selected main body thing focusing, be step S703, and calculate the object distance of main body object distance, be step S705 from device for filming image with image-forming principle; Then focus again, be step S707, calculate the object distance of reference substance with image-forming principle again, be step S709 apart from device for filming image at selected reference substance.Afterwards, can run away with the spacing of main body thing and reference substance, be step S711, and estimate the depth of field of this embodiment with this spacing, be step S713, the depth of field needs less than this spacing, and must cooperate the aperture of employed device for filming image to select, the depth of field should have a scope, again according to the selected f-number of the depth of field of estimating, be step S715, do you judge according to the restriction of the Aperture Range of device for filming image own whether aperture suitable afterwards? does this step judge that whether this main body thing is clear state, and this reference substance is a fringe under the situation of the selected f-number of step S715? be step S717, inappropriate if (denying), again focus, and get back to step S713, reappraise the depth of field, and, carry out step S717 again and judge whether aperture suitable as selected again another f-number of step S715?
If yes, represent that selected f-number is suitably, cooperate again to set the parameter that each shooting needs,, take, be step S721 for step S719.
In sum, the present invention is a kind of initialization method for field depth composition, captures definition range and fuzzy scope selected in the picture earlier, with the required depth of field of distance judgement between the two, and calculate relative aperture taking, to reach the clear shooting effect with blurred background of prospect.
But the above only is a preferable possible embodiments of the present invention; non-so promptly limit to protection scope of the present invention; therefore the equivalent structure done of every utilization instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content changes, and all in like manner is contained within protection scope of the present invention explanation hereby.
Claims (10)
1. initialization method for field depth composition is characterized in that described method comprises:
On the screen of a device for filming image, select a main body thing and a reference substance;
Warp is to defocused, respectively to this main body thing and this reference substance computed range;
According to the relative distance of this main body thing and this reference substance, estimate a depth of field, and determine a f-number that so that this main body thing is clear state, and this reference substance is a fringe; And
Take.
2. initialization method for field depth composition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being chosen as of described main body thing and this reference substance utilize this device for filming image with a touch control screen to click or utilize the directionkeys control cursor on this device for filming image to click.
3. initialization method for field depth composition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, select this main body thing and this reference substance after, produce at least one label information of different label symbols or different color respectively, with this main body thing and this reference substance respectively.
4. initialization method for field depth composition as claimed in claim 1 must determine the various parameters that evolved by an exposure value before it is characterized in that taking.
5. initialization method for field depth composition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, through to defocused, utilizes an imaging formula with respectively to this main body thing and this reference substance computed range.
6. initialization method for field depth composition is characterized in that described method comprises:
Select a main body thing and a reference substance;
Focus, and calculate the object distance of this main body thing and this reference substance;
Draw a spacing of this main body thing and this reference substance;
Estimate a depth of field according to this spacing;
A selected f-number;
Judgement is when this f-number, and whether this main body thing is clear state, and whether this reference substance is fringe;
If then take;
If not, then focus again, and selected again another f-number.
7. initialization method for field depth composition as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that being chosen as of described main body thing and this reference substance utilize this device for filming image with a touch control screen to reach or utilize the directionkeys control cursor on this device for filming image to reach.
8. initialization method for field depth composition as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, select this main body thing and this reference substance after, produce at least one label information produce different label symbols or different color respectively, with this main body thing and this reference substance respectively.
9. initialization method for field depth composition as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that the spacing of the described depth of field less than this main body thing and this reference substance.
10. initialization method for field depth composition as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, when focusing, utilizes an imaging formula to calculate the object distance of this main body thing and this reference substance respectively.
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| CN101470327B (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2010-09-22 | 华晶科技股份有限公司 | Automatic field depth adjustment method |
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| CN102811309A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-05 | 华晶科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for generating shallow depth-of-field image |
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| CN101470327B (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2010-09-22 | 华晶科技股份有限公司 | Automatic field depth adjustment method |
| CN101764925B (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2011-07-13 | 华晶科技股份有限公司 | Simulation method for shallow field depth of digital image |
| CN102486603A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-06 | 广达电脑股份有限公司 | Depth-of-field measuring device and depth-of-field measuring method |
| CN102811309A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-05 | 华晶科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for generating shallow depth-of-field image |
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