CN102805007B - Seedling grafting machine and grafting method of seedling grafting machine - Google Patents
Seedling grafting machine and grafting method of seedling grafting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102805007B CN102805007B CN201210287744.7A CN201210287744A CN102805007B CN 102805007 B CN102805007 B CN 102805007B CN 201210287744 A CN201210287744 A CN 201210287744A CN 102805007 B CN102805007 B CN 102805007B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of planting machinery and provides a grafting machine, which consists of a work table, a cutting engagement device and a seedling positioning device. The invention also provides a grafting method adopting the grafting machine. The seedling grafting machine has the beneficial effects that 1, the grafting mechanization is realized, and the problems of high work intensity and low work efficiency of artificial grafting are solved; 2, when the grafting machine provided by the invention is adopted, the cutting surfaces of stocks and cions are precisely aligned, at least one side of the forming layer is aligned, and the grafting survival rate is high; and 3, a wax coating mode is adopted for fixing the cutting surface combining part of the stocks and the cions, the wound infection is avoided, in addition, the seedling thickness increase is not influenced, and the binding rope unlocking treatment after the traditional grafting is omitted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting machinery field, be specifically related to a kind of nursery stock grafting machine and grafting method thereof.
Background technology
The principle of grafting be formation layer that stock and scion are hindered to face near and tighten together with, by hyperplasia, stock and scion are healing each other to the integral body that vascular tissue links together.Grafting is one of the method for nourishing and generating conventional in plant production process, is usually used in the breeding of fruit tree, forest, flowers.The advantage of grafting is to keep the merit of scion variety, can utilize again the advantageous feature of stock, can also economic utilization propagating materials, increase nursery stock quantity.
At present, grafting adopts manual work more, the shape of cutting knife and artificial large to the difference such as cutting force of nursery stock, labour intensity is large, and operating efficiency is low, and because staff touches nursery stock, otch easy infection bacterium, coarse cutting face causes cytomixis slow simultaneously, causes graft survival rate low.Along with China rural laborer's fast transfer, day by day in short supply for the labour of plant husbandry, had a strong impact on scale and the industrialized development of plant husbandry, realize grafting mechanization very urgent.And inventor has carried out the retrieval of domestic and international patent, periodical literature for grafting machine, have no relevant report.
Summary of the invention
For solving artificial grafting in agricultural production, have that labour intensity is large, operating efficiency is low, grafting otch easy infection bacterium, the problem such as coarse cutting face cytomixis is slow, graft survival rate is low, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nursery stock grafting machine.
Nursery stock grafting machine provided by the invention, mainly by workbench, cutting engagement device and two cover nursery stock positioners, formed, cutting engagement device is fixed on workbench middle part, and two cover nursery stock positioner directions are relative, are fixed on the workbench of cutting engagement device both sides.
Wherein, described workbench, can adopt nylon sheet and angle bar to make, and also can adopt other appropriate materials to make.
Wherein, two described cover nursery stock positioners consist of two cover nursery stock fixed parts and two cover nursery stock push mechanism, and every cover nursery stock positioner consists of a set of nursery stock fixed part and a set of nursery stock push mechanism.
Wherein, described two cover nursery stock fixed parts can be can realize nursery stock stationary device arbitrarily, be preferably: by fixed head, spring and portable plate, formed, fixed head is fixed on workbench, spring is connected and fixed plate and portable plate, and portable plate can be fixed in the reserved sliding tray of platform flexibly by the sliding pin on it and snap close.The stem of nursery stock one side is being pasted to fixed head and placing, spring and portable plate stride across nursery stock top, by sliding pin and snap close, portable plate are fixed in the sliding tray on platform, realize the nursery stock of different-diameter is fixed on workbench.Two described cover nursery stock positioners, the stock of being located respectively by it and the stem of scion, at least one side is positioned at same plane, to guarantee the formation layer alignment of stock and at least one side of scion, can be in the same plane by arranging inside the fixed head in the nursery stock fixed part of two cover nursery stock positioners, realize the formation layer alignment of stock and at least one side of scion.
Wherein, described nursery stock push mechanism, can be the device that is applicable to promoting arbitrarily nursery stock, be preferably: by driving arrangement and slurcam, formed, driving arrangement preferably promotes cylinder, be fixed on the platform of cutting engagement device and nursery stock fixed part line (nursery stock fixed part one side) extended line, slurcam is located at and promotes cylinder towards a side of nursery stock fixed part.The ending of the root/scion of stock is against in nursery stock push mechanism, by nursery stock fixed part fixedly after stock/scion, nursery stock push mechanism promotes stock/scion and slides to cutting engagement device along straight line, to adapt to, the stock/scion of different length is carried out to operation.
Wherein, described cutting engagement device, mainly consists of cutting part and attachment, and cutting part and attachment are fixed on rotary actuator, is fixed on workbench preferably 90 ° of the angles between cutting part and attachment by rotary actuator.
Wherein, described cutting part, consists of cutting knife and its driving arrangement.Wherein, described cutting knife, can select applicable type according to the requirement of different plants, is preferably V-arrangement cutting knife, has two cutting blades, and center is empty.Described driving arrangement, preferably cylinder.
Wherein, described attachment, are the device of any applicable fixedly stock and scion tangent plane joint, and the parts of preferably waxing, consist of wax conveying tube and control valve, on the port of wax conveying tube, establish control valve, and the other end connects the molten paraffin device of external source.The preferred air valve of control valve, controls its switch by control valve cylinder.
Nursery stock grafting machine provided by the invention, also can be provided with bracing or strutting arrangement: on the workbench under cutting engagement device, offer cavity, establish bracing or strutting arrangement in cavity, gripper shoe and its driving arrangement, consist of.The preferred cylinder of driving arrangement.Gripper shoe can move up and down under the driving of driving arrangement, cuts/play a supportive role while engaging operation at cutting part/attachment, guarantees that its operation is stable.
Nursery stock grafting machine provided by the invention, also can be provided with sterilization pool, is fixed on the workbench of cutting engagement device one side.
The present invention also provides the grafting method that uses above-mentioned grafting machine, comprises the steps:
1) use two cover nursery stock positioners, locate respectively stock and scion;
2) use cutting part to carry out cutting operation;
3) use the nursery stock push mechanism of two cover nursery stock positioners to promote respectively stock and scion, form tangent plane joint;
4) use attachment to engage operation.
Wherein, step 1) is preferably: by the slightly end of stock towards cutting engagement device, being fixed to V-arrangement cutting knife protrudes in the nursery stock fixed part that a side is right, by the butt of scion towards cutting engagement device, be fixed in another nursery stock fixed part, the stock of two cover nursery stock positioner location and the stem of scion, at least one side is positioned at same plane, by the nursery stock push mechanism of both sides, make the slightly end of stock and the butt of scion snap to cutting engagement device place again;
Wherein, step 2) be preferably: the top that cutting part is positioned at stock and scion aligned position is set to the initial setting up of rotary actuator, open supportive device and cutting part, support plate is moved up and support cutting, drive V-arrangement cutting knife the slightly end of stock and the butt of scion to be cut downwards simultaneously, V-arrangement cutting knife and support plate are upwards retracted original position downwards respectively afterwards, complete cutting operation;
Wherein, step 3) is preferably: start the nursery stock push mechanism of both sides, the tangent plane of stock and scion is pushed together, form tangent plane joint;
Wherein, step 4) is preferably: open supportive device, make support plate move up to support the operation of waxing; Rotary oscillation motor, the parts that make to wax are positioned at tangent plane joint top, and make the port of wax conveying tube aim at tangent plane joint, open waxing control valve, the wax liquid in wax conveying tube is flowed out, be evenly coated on tangent plane joint, by wax liquid heat, it is but the fixing tangent plane joint of paraffin, support plate moves down and sets back, and closes the control valve of waxing parts, completes joint operation.
The grafting method of the above-mentioned grafting machine of use provided by the invention, also comprise the method that the cutting knife of described grafting machine is carried out disinfection, be specially: in cutting, carried out after certain number of times, when engaging operation, rotary actuator rotation waxing parts are to the tangent plane joint top of stock and scion, now owing to having angle between cutting part and attachment, cutting part natural rotation has arrived sterilization pool top, open the driving arrangement of cutting part, drive cutting knife to immerse in the thimerosal that sterilization pool is equipped with downwards and carry out disinfection.
The feature that the grafting machine providing of the present invention has is simple in structure, otch exactitude position, nursery stock form layer alignment, its beneficial effect is:
(1) grafting machine provided by the invention, has realized grafting mechanization, has solved artificial grafting and has had the problem that labour intensity is large, operating efficiency is low.
(2) the present invention is pasting the placement of fixed head inner side by the stem of stock/scion one side, spring and portable plate stride across nursery stock top, by sliding pin and snap close, portable plate is fixed in the sliding tray on platform, realization is fixed on the stock/scion of different-diameter on workbench, makes grafting machine adapt to stock and the scion of different-diameter;
(3) by the stock of two cover nursery stock positioner location and the stem of scion, at least one side is positioned at same plane, to guarantee the formation layer alignment of at least one side;
(4) the present invention adopts V-type cutting knife, can to the slightly end of stock and the butt of scion, cut simultaneously, two tangent planes in stock/scion are V-shaped/inverted V-shaped, and make the V-arrangement of stock and scion and inverted V-shaped shear-face angle complementary, the tangent plane of stock and scion can be combined at an easy rate, also the area that has increased cutting face, is beneficial to surviving of grafting simultaneously;
(5) adopt rotary actuator fixedly cutting part and attachment, can make cutting part and attachment form the cutting engagement device of integrated design, easily control, save working space, and make to carry out cutting knife sterilization can realize when engaging operation, save the activity duration;
(6) mode that the present invention adopts waxing is the tangent plane joint of stock and scion fixedly, than traditional, with rope binding, more can avoid wound infection, and tradition can affect nursery stock increasing slightly by the mode of rope binding, after together with need arriving with scion tangent plane fusion growth at stock, untie the rope of binding, adopt the mode of waxing can not affect nursery stock increasing slightly, omitted work below;
(7) according to the grafting requirement of different plants, can change different cutting knifes, improve the versatility of grafting machine;
(8) be provided with sterilization pool, can regularly to cutting knife, carry out disinfection, avoid wound infection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of nursery stock grafting machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of nursery stock grafting machine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the front view of nursery stock grafting machine portable plate of the present invention.
Fig. 4-1 is nursery stock grafting machine V-type cutting knife front view of the present invention.
Fig. 4-2 are nursery stock grafting machine V-type cutting knife vertical view of the present invention.
Wherein, 1: workbench, 2: nursery stock fixed part, 21: fixed head, 22: spring, 23: portable plate, 231: chute, 232: sliding pin, 233: snap close, 3: nursery stock push mechanism, 31: promote cylinder, 311: promote air cylinder fixed plate, 32: slurcam, 4: cutting part, 41: cutting knife cylinder, 42:V type cutting knife, 5: waxing parts, 51: wax conveying tube, 52: waxing air valve, 521: waxing cylinder, 5211: waxing cylinder fixed mount, 6: rotary actuator, 61: right angle rack, 7: bracing or strutting arrangement, 71: gripper shoe, 72: gripper shoe cylinder, 721: gripper shoe air cylinder support, 8: sterilization pool.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.Without departing from the spirit and substance of the case in the present invention, the modification that the inventive method, step or condition are done or replacement, all belong to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 grafting machine
According to the present invention, manufacture and design grafting machine, construct as shown in Figure 1:
Workbench 1, cutting engagement device and two cover nursery stock positioners, consist of, cutting engagement device is fixed on the middle part of workbench 1, and two cover nursery stock positioners are fixed on the workbench 1 of cutting engagement device both sides relatively.
(1) workbench 1: the workbench that adopts nylon sheet and angle bar to make.
(2) nursery stock positioner: formed by nursery stock fixed part 2 and nursery stock push mechanism 3.
Nursery stock fixed part 2 is comprised of fixed head 21, spring 22 and portable plate 23.
Fixed head 21 is fixed on workbench 1.
The structure of portable plate 23 is as shown in Figure 3: on the workbench 1 of fixed head 21 inner side certain distances, offer two chutes 231, the bottom of portable plate 23 has two sliding pins 232 just inserting in two chutes 23 1, and can be fixing by snap close 233, make the portable plate 23 can be along the interior slip of chute 231.
One end of two springs 22 is fixed on the outside of fixed head 21, and the other end can be buckled on two snap closes 233 in portable plate 23 outsides, to have guaranteed fixing the stock/scion of different-diameter.Establish at grade the inner side of the fixed head 21 of two cover nursery stock fixed parts 2, guarantees the formation layer alignment of stock and at least one side of scion.
One end at nursery stock fixed part 2 away from cutting engagement device, is provided with nursery stock push mechanism 3, by promoting cylinder 31 and slurcam 32, forms.Promote cylinder 31 and be fixed on workbench 1 by two promotion air cylinder fixed plate 311, the front end that promotes cylinder 31 arranges a slurcam 32, can promote stock/scion, to be applicable to the stock/scion of different length, carries out grafting.
(2) cutting engagement device: mainly consist of cutting part 4 and waxing parts 5, both are 90 ° of angles and are fixed on rotary actuator 6, and rotary actuator 6 is fixed on workbench 1; Cutting engagement device is also provided with bracing or strutting arrangement 7 and sterilization pool 8.
Right angle rack 61 one end of rotary actuator 6 are the cutting knife cylinder 41 of cutting part 4 fixedly, and cutting knife cylinder 41 lower ends are V-type cutting knife 42 fixedly.The structure of V-type cutting knife 42 is as shown in Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2: have two cutting blades, center is empty, can to the slightly end of stock and the butt of scion, cut simultaneously, two tangent planes in stock/scion are V-shaped/inverted V-shaped, and make the V-arrangement of stock and scion and inverted V-shaped shear-face angle complementary, the tangent plane of stock and scion can be combined at an easy rate, also increased the area in cutting face simultaneously, be beneficial to surviving of grafting.
The other end of the right angle rack 61 of rotary actuator 6 is provided with waxing parts 5, and waxing parts 5 consist of wax conveying tube 51 and waxing air valve 52, establish waxing air valve 52 on the port of wax conveying tube 51, and the other end connects the molten paraffin device of external source.Waxing air valve 52 is by waxing cylinder 521 gauge taps on it, and waxing cylinder 521 is fixed on the right angle rack 61 of rotary actuator 6 by waxing cylinder fixed mount 5211.
In order to guarantee that stock and scion can be good at cutting, be provided with bracing or strutting arrangement 7, by gripper shoe 71 and gripper shoe cylinder 72, formed, be positioned at the cavity of offering on the workbench 1 of rotary actuator 6 underfooting.Gripper shoe cylinder 72 is set under cavity, by gripper shoe air cylinder support 721, is fixed on workbench 1, the upper end fixed support plate 71 of gripper shoe cylinder 72.Gripper shoe 71 can be stretched up and down under the driving of gripper shoe cylinder 72, plays the effect of supporting cutting operation and engaging operation.
On the workbench 1 in rotary actuator 6 left sides, sterilization pool 8 is set, in-built thimerosal.In cutting, carried out after certain number of times, when rotary actuator 6 turns to waxing parts 5 while engaging operation, the cutting part 4 that is fixed on right angle rack 61 other ends is displaced to sterilization pool 8 tops naturally, now drive cutting knife cylinder 41, the V-type cutting knife 42 of its lower end is immersed in sterilization pool 8 and carries out disinfection.
Embodiment 2 is used the grafting method of grafting machine
On April 12nd, 2012, use the nursery stock grafting machine in embodiment 1 to carry out grape seedling grafting, concrete steps are as follows:
1) location stock and scion:
A) by the slightly end of stock towards cutting engagement device, being fixed to V-arrangement cutting knife 42 protrudes in the nursery stock fixed part 2 that a side is right, concrete fixing means is placed for a side of stock being close to the inner side of fixed head 21, spring 22 and portable plate 23 stride across stock top, portable plate 23 is inserted in two chutes 231 of workbench 1 by two sliding pins 232, guarantee spring straining, with fixing stock;
B) butt of scion is towards cutting engagement device, be fixed in another nursery stock fixed part 2, concrete fixed form with reference to step a), now stock and scion is close to respectively the inner side that is positioned at conplane two fixed heads 21, realize the stock of location and the stem of scion, at least one side is positioned at same plane, guarantees the formation layer alignment of at least one side;
C) open the nursery stock push mechanism 3 of two, promote cylinder 31 and drive slurcam 32 to push cut stock/scion to engagement device, make the slightly end of stock and the butt of scion snap to cutting engagement device place;
2) cutting operation: the top that cutting part 4 is positioned at stock and scion aligned position is set to the initial setting up of rotary actuator 6, open bracing or strutting arrangement 7 and cutting part 4, gripper shoe cylinder 72 drives support plate 71 to move up to support cutting, cutting knife cylinder 41 drives V-type cutting knife 42 the slightly end of stock and the butt of scion to be cut downwards simultaneously, V-type cutting knife 42 and support plate 71 are upwards retracted original position downwards respectively afterwards, complete cutting operation;
3) form tangent plane joint: start the nursery stock push mechanism 3 of both sides, promote cylinder 31 and drive slurcam 32 that the tangent plane of stock and scion is pushed together, form tangent plane joint;
4) engage operation: open bracing or strutting arrangement 7, gripper shoe cylinder 72 drives support plate 71 to move up to support the operation of waxing; Rotary oscillation motor 6, the parts 5 that make to wax are positioned at tangent plane joint top, and make the port of wax conveying tube 51 aim at tangent plane joint, by waxing cylinder 521, open waxing air valve 52, the wax liquid in wax conveying tube 51 is flowed out, be evenly coated on tangent plane joint, by wax liquid heat, it is but the fixing tangent plane joint of paraffin, support plate 71 moves down and sets back, and closes the waxing air valve 52 of waxing parts 5, completes joint operation.
In cutting, carried out after 50 times, when rotary actuator 6 turns to waxing parts 5 while engaging operation, the cutting part 4 that is fixed on right angle rack 61 other ends is displaced to sterilization pool 7 tops naturally, now drives cutting knife cylinder 41, the V-type cutting knife 42 of its lower end is immersed in sterilization pool 7 and carries out disinfection.
Grafting 50 strains, duration used is 952 seconds, average grafting 188 strains per hour; After grafting plantation, survival rate is 95%.
Claims (2)
1. a nursery stock grafting machine, it is characterized in that, mainly workbench, cutting engagement device and two cover nursery stock positioners, consist of, cutting engagement device is fixed on workbench middle part, two cover nursery stock positioner directions are relative, are fixed on the workbench of cutting engagement device both sides; Also be provided with bracing or strutting arrangement and/or sterilization pool; Described bracing or strutting arrangement is located in the cavity of offering on the workbench of cutting engagement device below, gripper shoe and its driving arrangement, consists of; Described sterilization pool is located on the workbench of cutting engagement device one side;
Two described cover nursery stock positioners consist of two cover nursery stock fixed parts and two cover nursery stock push mechanism;
Two described cover nursery stock fixed parts are comprised of fixed head, spring and portable plate respectively, the fixed head inner side of two cover nursery stock fixed parts is located at same plane, be fixed on workbench, spring is connected and fixed plate and portable plate, and portable plate is fixed in chute reserved on workbench by the sliding pin on it and snap close; Two described cover nursery stock push mechanism consist of driving arrangement and slurcam respectively;
Described cutting engagement device, mainly consists of cutting part and attachment; Cutting part and attachment are fixed on rotary actuator, by rotary actuator, are fixed on workbench, and the angle between cutting part and attachment is 90 °;
Described cutting part, consists of cutting knife and its driving arrangement, and described cutting knife is V-arrangement cutting knife, has two cutting blades, and center is empty;
Described attachment are waxing parts.
2. right to use requires the grafting method of the nursery stock grafting machine described in 1, comprises the steps:
1) use two cover nursery stock positioners, locate respectively stock and scion;
2) use cutting part to carry out cutting operation;
3) use the nursery stock push mechanism of two cover nursery stock positioners to promote respectively stock and scion, form tangent plane joint;
4) use attachment to engage operation;
Also comprise the method that the cutting knife of nursery stock grafting machine is carried out disinfection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210287744.7A CN102805007B (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2012-08-13 | Seedling grafting machine and grafting method of seedling grafting machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210287744.7A CN102805007B (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2012-08-13 | Seedling grafting machine and grafting method of seedling grafting machine |
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| CN102805007A CN102805007A (en) | 2012-12-05 |
| CN102805007B true CN102805007B (en) | 2014-02-12 |
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| CN107047073A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-18 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of many plants of synchronous vegetable seedling device for grafting |
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| CN108781831A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-13 | 巫溪县渝川农业开发有限公司 | Seedling grafting bind hider |
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| CN1084588C (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 2002-05-15 | 张铁中 | Automatic rotary cutting fitting grafting machine |
| CN201029327Y (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-03-05 | 山东省果树研究所 | Fruit tree grafting machine |
| ITPN20070043A1 (en) * | 2007-06-19 | 2008-12-20 | M D S Snc Di Ronzani Giuseppe | "METHOD AND MACHINE TO GRAB TALEE AND SIMILAR VEGETABLE VARIETIES" |
| KR101174499B1 (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2012-08-22 | 대한민국 | The Development of Bench Mounted Grafting Machine for an Apple Branch |
| CN101569271B (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2011-04-06 | 北京市农林科学院 | Automatic grafting machine |
| CN101940132B (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-06-27 | 国家林业局哈尔滨林业机械研究所 | Nursery stock grafting machine |
| CN202190568U (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-04-18 | 罗军 | Fruit tree seedling grafting machine |
| CN202232262U (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-05-30 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | V-shaped cutter for grafting tobacco varieties |
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- 2012-08-13 CN CN201210287744.7A patent/CN102805007B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107047073A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-18 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of many plants of synchronous vegetable seedling device for grafting |
| CN107047073B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2020-03-17 | 华南农业大学 | Multi-plant synchronous vegetable seedling grafting device |
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| CN102805007A (en) | 2012-12-05 |
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