CN102804041B - 用于液晶显示器的背光装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于显示器的背光装置包括多个照明模块,每个照明模块包括光源(12)和反射构件(10)。一部分(14)的反射构件布置在光源上方。液晶显示器面板(26)布置在该多个照明模块上方。反射构件配置成使得大部分的来自光源的光被定向为平行于液晶显示器面板,从而提供对液晶显示器面板的均匀照明。在一些实施例中,光源为至少一个半导体发光二极管。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于照明的模块,所述用于照明的模块可以与半导体发光器件组合并且用作用于液晶显示器的背光装置。
背景技术
诸如发光二极管(LED)的半导体发光器件属于当前可获得的最高效光源。在制作能够跨过可见光谱工作的高亮度LED中当前感兴趣的材料系统包括III-V族半导体,特别是也称为III族氮化物材料的镓、铝、铟和氮的二元、三元和四元合金;以及镓、铝、铟、砷和磷的二元、三元和四元合金。通过金属有机化学气相沉积(MOCVD)、分子束外延(MBE)或其它外延技术,往往III族氮化物器件外延生长在蓝宝石、碳化硅或者III族氮化物衬底上,以及III族磷化物器件外延生长在砷化镓上。通常,n型区域沉积在衬底上,随后有源区沉积在n型区域上,随后p型区域沉积在有源区上。各层的顺序可以颠倒,使得p型区域毗邻衬底。
半导体发光器件的一种有希望的用途是用于液晶显示器(LCD)中的背光装置。对于全彩显示器,用于照射显示器的光通常具有红光、绿光和蓝光分量。可以使用红光、绿光和蓝光LED的组合,或者可以使用与诸如磷光体的波长转换材料组合的蓝光或UV LED,使得得到的组合光看上去是白色的。
发明内容
依据本发明各实施例,一种用于显示器的背光装置包括多个照明模块,每个照明模块包括光源和反射构件。一部分的反射构件布置在光源上方。液晶显示器面板布置在多个照明模块上方。反射构件配置成使得大部分的来自光源的光被定向为平行于液晶显示器面板,从而提供对液晶显示器面板的均匀照明。在一些实施例中,光源为至少一个半导体发光二极管。
这种背光装置制作起来不昂贵,并且通过添加或减掉照明模块而容易缩放。此外,供应到每个照明模块的功率的数量可以基于显示的图像而调整,使得较多功率供应到对图像的较亮部分照明的照明模块,以及较少功率供应到对图像的较暗部分照明的照明模块,潜在地减小功耗并且提高投影图像的对比度。
附图说明
图1为一组照明节段的平面视图。
图2为照明节段的布置的截面视图。
图3A、3B和3C说明照明节段中反射构件的不同形状。
图4为包括至少一种波长转换材料的照明节段的布置的截面视图。
图5说明对于给定图像数据集合,用于调整每个照明节段的亮度的系统。
具体实施方式
图1为一组照明节段或模块的俯视图。图2为沿着图1所示轴15的一组照明节段的截面视图。每个节段被光源12照亮。通常,光源12为单个LED,不过可以使用超过一个LED或者任何其它合适光源。例如,每个节段可以被发射白光的单个磷光体转换LED照亮,或者每个节段可以被选择为实现期望照度、对比度、色域的多个LED照亮。例如,每个节段可以被例如布置在置于角落的集群内或者布置在置于节段边缘上的行内的红光、绿光和蓝光LED的组合照亮。单个LED可以如图1中说明沿着节段的一边安置在每个节段的角落,或者安置在节段中任何其它合适位置。
背光装置中节段的数目取决于背光装置的大小、所要求的亮度以及所期望的成本。对于给定显示器大小,使用更多节段的益处包括更高的亮度和对比度范围,而使用更少节段的益处包括降低的成本和功耗。作为示例,用于LCD监视器的背光装置可以使用大约一百个节段,不过具有更少节段的更小背光装置落在本发明的范围内。
在图1中,每个节段大小和形状相同。例如,每个节段可以是方形,边为50至100mm。在一些实施例中,单独节段的大小和形状可以被选择以产生特定亮度分布。例如,各节段可以在大小上从在背光装置中心附近的最小节段增大到背光装置边缘附近的更大节段。
每个节段包括反射构件10。反射构件10可以是例如反射材料片,诸如从Toray可获得的为一种白色漫反射材料的E60L,或者是反射金属,诸如从Alanod可获得的为一种高反射增强铝镜的Miro。
反射构件10被成形从而在从背光装置前方观看时隐藏光源12以免被直接观看到,以及在从背光装置前方观看时减小或消除节段之间的可见边缘。例如,如图2中说明,一部分的反射构件14可以被成形从而将从光源12发射的光向下反射。部分13的反射构件10可以与相邻节段的部分14交叠。
通过将光源12安装在反射构件10上,随后将反射构件10成形为期望形状,可以形成单独节段。相邻节段的反射构件可以焊接或胶粘在一起并且附连到固定架16,例如通过焊接或者通过置于腔体18内的胶粘剂。节段可以例如厚度小于20mm,更优选地厚度小于15mm。
反射构件10可以成形且定位使得光源12靠在固定架16上,如图3A中说明。在可替换实施例中,如图3B和3C中说明,光源12不靠在固定架16上。反射构件10可以用作光源12的热沉。
在一些实施例中,光源12配置成使得,与反射构件10组合,大多数光在平行于固定架16的方向上发射。LED光源可配置成从器件的侧边提取大部分的光,例如如美国专利6,598,998中所述通过使用透镜,或者如美国临时专利申请No.11/423,419中所述通过使用反射器。美国专利6,598,998和美国临时专利申请No.11/423,419以引用方式结合于此。可替换地,LED光源可配置成从器件顶部提取基本上呈朗伯模式的大部分的光。这种光源可以使用二次光学元件,诸如利用折射的透明光学材料,或者使用反射元件,从而在平行方向上定向光。在诸如图3A、3B和3C中说明的实施例的一些实施例中,发射基本上呈朗伯模式的光的光源与反射元件组合,该反射元件配置成在+/-arctan(T/W)的角度内发射至少80%的光,其中T为背光装置的厚度并且W为节段的宽度。
如图3A中说明,当从上方观看时,来自光源12的亮斑40会是可见的,而节段的边缘42不那么亮。通过设计照明节段使得与靠近光源12相比,更多的光被聚焦远离光源12,则可以减小亮斑40和暗区42的显现。可选的透明或半透明材料48可以布置在置于光源12上方的那部分反射构件10的边缘。
反射构件10可以在靠近光源12的区域44是镜面反射的并且在远离光源12的区域46是漫反射的。镜面区域44和漫射区域46可以是不同区域,如图3A中说明。可替换地,反射构件10的光学属性可以从在靠近光源12的区域的主要是镜面反射变化到在远离光源12的区域的主要是漫反射。通过例如在反射构件10上丝网印刷白点,或者通过在远离光源12的区域使反射构件10起皱,可以改变反射构件10的漫射性。
通过添加可选的边缘50,该边缘反射来自光源12的侧光,图3C中说明的照明节段可以配置成不具有直接光发射。可选的边缘50可以为与反射构件10其余部分相同的材料。如参考图3A在上文所描述,反射构件10可以在靠近光源12的区域是镜面反射的,并且在远离光源12的区域是漫反射的。
图4为一部分的LCD显示器的截面视图。用于显示器的光由根据本发明各实施例的照明节段提供。如上所述,在每个节段中,光源12布置在由反射构件10形成的腔体内。反射构件安装在固定架16上。背光装置上方布置常规层,诸如在要求提高亮度均匀性的实施例中的可选的漫射器22;一个或多个光学膜24,诸如反射偏振器或亮度增强膜;以及LCD面板26。漫射器22可以被图案化以提高均匀性。在一些实施例中,间隙23形成于漫射器22和光学膜24之间从而减小单独照明节段的边缘的显现。
在一些实施例中,照明节段配置成使得一部分的从给定节段发射的光可以入射在对应于相邻节段的一部分的LCD面板26上。来自相邻节段的光的交叠数量可以由照明模块和漫射器22之间的间隔控制。例如,漫射器22可以与照明模块的顶面隔开0.5至10mm。在一些实施例中,入射在对应于特定照明节段的一部分LCD面板26上的光的5%至60%可以被其它照明节段发射。
图4中说明的显示器可包括一个或多个可选的波长转换层。波长转换层20可以形成为布置在光学膜24和漫射器22的表面之间或之上的平面层。波长转换层28可以布置在全部或一部分的反射构件10上。每个波长转换层可包括诸如磷光体的单一和多种波长转换材料,其将光转换为一个或多个不同波长。不同波长转换层可以分开或者一起使用,并且可以与波长转换光源或非波长转换光源一起使用。
在一些实施例中,发射蓝光的LED光源与包括发射黄光的磷光体的单个波长转换层组合,该波长转换层或者布置在反射构件10上或者布置在照明节段上方。在一些实施例中,发射蓝光的LED光源与发射绿光的磷光体和发射红光的磷光体这二者组合。发射绿光的磷光体和发射红光的磷光体可以被混合并且形成于单个波长转换层中,该波长转换层或者布置在反射构件10上或者布置在照明节段上方。可替换地,发射红光的磷光体可以布置在反射构件10上并且发射绿光的磷光体可以布置在照明节段上方,或者反之亦然。在一些实施例中,发射UV光的LED光源与发射蓝光、绿光和红光的磷光体组合。
波长转换层20和28可以是例如多个陶瓷层,或者通过模板印刷、丝网印刷或者电泳沉积形成的粉末磷光体层。波长转换层无需是均匀的。例如,波长转换层28可以是通过丝网印刷形成的一种或多种类型的磷光体的点。点的大小和密度可以变化。也可以包括不是波长转换的材料的点,诸如白色漫射点。诸如波长转换层的厚度、波长转换层的布置和安置以及磷光体的浓度的因素可以被选择以实现波长转换光的特定份额。
合适的发射黄光/绿光的磷光体包括:通式为(Lu1-x-y-a-bYxGdy)3(Al1-zGaz)5O12:CeaPrb的铝石榴石磷光体,诸如其中0<x<l,0<y<l,0<z≤0.1,0<a≤0.2以及0<b≤0.1,例如Lu3Al5O12:Ce3+和Y3Al5O12:Ce3+;(Sr1-a-bCabBac)SixNyOz:Eua 2+,诸如其中a=0.002-0.2,b=0.0-0.25,c=0.0-0.25,x=1.5-2.5,y=1.5-2.5,z=1.5-2.5,例如SrSi2N2O2:Eu2+;诸如(Sr1-u-v-xMguCavBax)(Ga2-y-zAlyInzS4):Eu2+,例如SrGa2S4:Eu2+;以及Sr1-xBaxSiO4:Eu2+。合适的发射红光的磷光体包括eCAS、BSSNE、SSONE以及(Ca1-xSrx)S:Eu2+,其中0<x≤1,包括例如CaS:Eu2+和SrS:Eu2+;以及(Sr1-x-yBaxCay)2-zSi5-aAlaN8-aOa:Euz 2+,其中0≤a<5,0<x≤l,0≤y≤l以及0<z≤l,包括例如Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+。eCAS为Ca1-xAlSiN3:Eux,可以由5.436g Ca3N2(>98%纯度)、4.099g AlN(99%)、4.732g Si3N4(>98%纯度)和0.176g Eu2O3(99.99%纯度)合成。粉末通过行星球磨被混合,并且在1500oC在H2/N2(5/95%)气氛中烧制4小时。BSSNE为Ba2-x-zMxSi5-yAlyN8-yOy:Euz(M=Sr,Ca;0≤x≤1,0≤y≤4,0.0005≤z≤0.05)可以通过碳热还原来合成,其包括通过行星球磨利用2-丙醇作为分散剂来混合60g BaCO3、11.221g SrCO3和1.672g Eu2O3(全部是99.99%纯度)。在干燥之后,混合物在形成气体气氛中在1000oC烧制4小时,并且10g的如此得到的Ba0.8Sr0.2O:Eu(2%)与5.846g Si3N4(>98%纯度)、0.056g AlN(99%纯度)和1.060g石墨(微晶级)混合。所述粉末通过20分钟的行星球磨而彻底混合,并且在1450oC在形成气体气氛中烧制4小时以获得Ba2-x-zMxSi5-yAlyN8-yOy:Euz(M=Sr,Ca;0≤x≤1,0≤y≤4,0.0005≤z≤0.05)的粉末。SSONE可以通过如下制作:混合80.36g SrCO3(99.99%纯度)、20.0g SiN4/3(>98%纯度)和2.28g Eu2O3(99.99%纯度),并且在1200oC在N2/H2(93/7)气氛中烧制4小时。
根据本发明各实施例的照明节段作为用于显示器的背光装置可具有若干优点。这种背光装置不昂贵,比较薄,并且制作简单。由于光源遍及背光装置有规律地分散,光源可以被单独控制以调整显示器不同部分中的亮度,如图5中说明。图像数据34被提供到LCD控制器32使得LCD 26可以形成恰当图像,该图像数据也被直接或间接提供到LED驱动器30。例如,对于给定图像,对应于照明模块38A的部分的图像会更暗,而对应于照明模块38B的部分的图像会更亮。LED驱动器30可以接收那个图像数据,并且作为响应而提供更多功率到照明模块38B以产生更多光,以及提供更少功率到照明模块38A以产生更少光。调整每个照明模块的亮度从而对应于图像数据,这可以提高对比度并且降低投影仪的功耗。
已经详细描述了本发明,本领域技术人员将理解,鉴于本公开内容,可以对本发明进行调整而不背离此处描述的发明构思的精神。因此,本发明的范围不是旨在限于所说明和描述的特定实施例。
Claims (15)
1.一种显示装置,包括:
多个照明模块,每个照明模块包括:
光源(12);以及
反射构件(10),其中该反射构件的一部分(14)布置在该光源上方,用于将直接从该光源接收的光反射到该反射构件(10)的另一部分(13);以及
液晶显示器面板(26),其布置在该多个照明模块上方,其中该另一部分(13)将光反射到该液晶显示器面板(26)。
2. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中该光源(12)布置在该照明模块的角落中或者边缘上。
3. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中该光源(12)包括至少一个半导体发光二极管。
4. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中该光源(12)包括至少一个发射红光的半导体发光二极管、至少一个发射绿光的半导体发光二极管和至少一个发射蓝光的半导体发光二极管。
5.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中该显示装置中的每个照明模块具有相同大小和形状。
6.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中:
第一照明模块置为邻近液晶显示器面板(26)的中心;
第二照明模块置为邻近液晶显示器面板的边缘;以及
第一照明模块具有比第二照明模块小的面积。
7. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中至少一个照明模块为方形并且在方形的一边上长度介于50mm至100mm。
8. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中第一照明模块的反射构件(10)的所述一部分(14)交叠第二照明模块的反射构件(10)的所述另一部分(13)。
9.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中每个照明模块厚度小于20mm。
10.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中该反射构件(10)是弯曲的,并且该反射构件(10)的所述一部分(14)将所有直接从该光源接收的光向下反射到该反射构件(10)的所述另一部分(13)。
11. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中:
反射构件(10)包括第一区域(44)和第二区域(46);
第一区域镜面反射程度高于第二区域;
第二区域漫反射程度高于第一区域;以及
第一区域布置在光源(12)和第二区域之间。
12. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置,还包括与该多个照明模块分隔开的波长转换材料(20)。
13. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其中:
第一部分的液晶显示器面板(26)对齐在第一照明模块上方;
第二部分的液晶显示器面板对齐在第二照明模块上方;以及
第一照明模块配置成使得从第一照明模块的光源发射的光的一部分入射在第二部分的液晶显示器面板上。
14. 如权利要求13所述的显示装置,其中该多个照明模块配置成使得,入射在第一部分的液晶显示器面板(26)上的光的5%至60%是从第一照明模块的光源以外的光源(12)发射。
15. 如权利要求1所述的显示装置,还包括漫射器(22),其布置在该多个照明模块和该液晶显示器面板(26)之间。
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