CN102803002A - 用于检测在充电站中用于电动交通工具的能源供应量的装置与方法 - Google Patents

用于检测在充电站中用于电动交通工具的能源供应量的装置与方法 Download PDF

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CN102803002A
CN102803002A CN2010800278341A CN201080027834A CN102803002A CN 102803002 A CN102803002 A CN 102803002A CN 2010800278341 A CN2010800278341 A CN 2010800278341A CN 201080027834 A CN201080027834 A CN 201080027834A CN 102803002 A CN102803002 A CN 102803002A
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阿明·高尔
托马斯·维德曼
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CCS Abwicklungs AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于检测被传送至电动交通工具的电气能源的方法与装置。为此目的，通过以下步骤实现：将电动交通工具(2)连接至充电站(12)，用于得到被提供在充电电缆(10)上的电气能源，在所需的充电周期期间将所需的能源供应量馈送进入该电动交通工具(2)的电池(4)，检测用于能量计数器(16)的计算能源供应量所需的至少一个电气数值，输出所计算的能源供应量，将用于能量计数器(16)的计算能源供应量所需的该至少一个电气数值输出至监控装置，用于监控该充电站的操作。

Description

用于检测在充电站中用于电动交通工具的能源供应量的装置与方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于检测被传送至电动交通工具的电气能源的方法与装置。
背景技术
已知地，所谓的“电表”用于检测所传送的电气能源供应量或电功。这类电表用于家庭中的付帐，将检测供电网络之中家庭消耗的所供应的相位电流并且同时也检测被供应的电压。因此，它们借助于随着时间的相乘及积分的方式而确定单位千瓦小时的瓦特能源供应量。
最常见的是，根据感应原理操作的所谓的“法拉利斯仪表(Ferraris meter)”。其中，在一铝盘中利用单相或多相电流以及网络电压被感应的一转动磁场，该转动磁场借助于涡电流在这铝盘中产生一扭矩。这扭矩是成比例于电流及电压的矢量积。该铝盘在由一永久磁铁所构成的涡电流制动器中运转，而产生与速度成比例的一制动力矩。该铝盘，可自外面通过一窗口看见其的边缘，因此具有成比例于电气实际功率的转动速率。一鼓轮计数器连接到该铝盘，因而能源总量可作为千瓦小时(kWh)的数值被读取。
对于付费客户，例如，在私人家庭中，具有二个及更多个计数器的这类型的机电能量仪被使用，以便能够以时间相关的方式发出不同账单。在这些计数器之间的切换，例如，借助于内建式接收器或借助于能源供应公司的中心涟波控制系统所控制的外部涟波控制接收器来实现。因此，能源消耗可对于在较低网络负载时间(例如，在夜间)的消费者以较低的价格计价。
数字电子能源仪表(所谓的″智能型电表″)，其不包含先前已知的任何机械式移动组件。其电流借助于，例如，具有软性环状磁心的电流转换器，或借助于具有分流器或霍尔(Hall)组件的罗格斯基(Rogowski)线圈的电流测量系统来检测。能源计算通过电子电路进行。该结果被传送至由字母与数字符号构成的显示器，例如，液晶显示器(LCD)。这类型的数字电子能源仪具有远距读取能力的特定优点，并且因此使得至今惯用的年度读取成为非必要的，这是因为仪表数据电气式地被发送至电力供货商(例如，通过因特网)。
各种变化可被使用作为数据界面，例如，红外线、SO界面、M-总线、无电位接点、EIB/KNX、或电力线载波(PLC)。
这类型的能量计数器同时也被使用在电动交通工具的充电站中作为单独地构成的装置，以便检测且读取馈送进入交通工具电池的能源供应量。更进一步地，充电站具有一监控装置以便确保其适当操作，如果适合的话，以便于充电站超载情况中引入适当的保护措施。为了提供适当的信号给监控装置，用于检测电流或功率的另一感知器通常被设置在充电站中的适当位置。为此目的，在由多数个充电站构成的系统的情况中，就测量技术而论，要花费相对较高的成本。
发明内容
因此，本发明目的是改进上述类型的方法或装置，以便使充电站的操作可靠度的监控更具成本效益。
在用于确定在电动交通工具充电期间传送能源供应量的方法中，其目的借助于下面的步骤来实现：将电动交通工具连接至一充电站，用于得到被提供在充电电缆上的电气能源；在所需的充电周期期间将所需的能源供应量馈送进入该电动交通工具的一电池；检测用于一能量计数器的计算能源供应量所需的至少一个电气数值；输出所计算的能源供应量；并且将用于能量计数器的计算能源供应量所需的该至少一个电气数值输出至一监控装置，用于监控该充电站的操作。
该目的同时也借助于用于确定在电动交通工具在充电站中充电时的传送的能源供应量的装置来实现，该装置具有：检测装置，用于检测在能源供应网络的充电电路中被施加的电气数值，尤其是电压和电流；计算装置，用于从至少一个检测电气数值计算出能源供应量；以及用于该被计算能源供应量的第一输出单元，及另一输出单元，用于将至少另外一个电气数值输出至监控装置，用于监控该充电站的操作。
本发明具特征于，除了能源供应量输出至，例如显示装置或能源供货商的中央帐务部门之外，用于将电气能源供应量馈送进入电动交通工具电池的仪表亦可提供至少一个另外电气数值作为一输入信号来用于充电站的监控装置。由于这电气数值被使用到至少用于计算能源供应量，并由此而出现在能源供应量检测装置中，因此就用于改进充电站保护概念的测量技术方面而言，由于另外的构件(例如，电流转换器或测量电子器材)可被省略，故花费可相当大地被降低。
最好是，输出至监控装置用于计算能源供应量所需的至少一个电气数值用于监控充电站的操作，其中该监控装置最好是包含一保护装置以防护充电站的相位电流。因此，充电站或用于一群充电站的保护概念可进一步地被简化。
根据本发明的另一设计方案，所提供的用于能源供应量计算所需的至少一个电气数值是被分配至各个相位的相位电流及/或相位电压及/或实际功率。
用于监控装置所需的电气数值(相位电流、相位电压、相位实际功率)最好是通过一数据界面来支配，其中这界面被作为一独立界面或与该界面一起用于输出所计算的能源供应量。
最后，本发明的另一目的同时也包含能源供应量的测量装置的使用，就该测量装置本身而言，其是已知地，用于监控电动交通工具的充电站的操作可靠度。
为此目的，作为“电表”的已知装置将仅被修改，以便提供所需的进一步电气输出数值，用于监控装置中的进一步的处理。
附图说明
接着，将根据展示实施例的附图更详细地说明本发明。其中：
图1展示根据实施范例的分解结构图；
图2展示图1的实施例的用于能量计数器的细节。
具体实施方式
图1展示一交通工具2，其可以是纯粹的电动交通工具或混合式的交通工具。该交通工具2具有一电池4及一充电控制装置6。更进一步地，交通工具2具有一校准的计数器8。电池4通过充电装置6以及仪表8经由电缆线10连接到充电站12。充电站12具有插座14且同时也具有仪表16。仪表16连接到能源供应网络22。
图1进一步地展示的另一消费者24可连接至仪表16，其相似地通过仪表16从能源供应网络22而得到电力。
在交通工具2或交通工具2的电池4通过电缆线10充电的期间，电流自能源供应网络22通过仪表16以及插座14而流动，并且同时也通过电缆线10、仪表8以及充电装置6进入电池4。
仪表16计算流入电池4的能源供应量以及消费者24所得到的能源供应量。
如自图2所见，在输入端上，即在其面向能源供应网络22的连点上，仪表16具有用于被施加至这测量点的相位电压的第一检测器31并且同时也具有用于流进仪表16的相位电流的第二检测器32。检测器31、32设为已知的用于对应电气数值的检测器，即，例如，环形蕊心电流转换器，霍尔感知器，等等。从检测器31、32的输出信号中，计算出某一时间周期上传送的能源供应量并且被显示在仪表16的显示装置33上。
仪表16是一种远距读取仪表，其通过通讯网路18连接到一帐务中心20。通讯网路18可以是能源供应网络22的部份，因而通讯例如可利用电力线通讯通过能源供应网络22来进行。通讯网路18同时也可以是有线或无线的通讯网路。例如，IP协议可被使用于通讯。
在输出端上，仪表16不仅具有用于计算能源供应量的输出单元34，同时也具有用于通过检测器32被检测的相位电流的另一输出单元35。该另一输出单元35可直接地输出检测器32的测量数值或从该处导出的另外的处理信号。此外，相位电压或检测器31的对应进一步处理信号也可利用另一输出单元35被输出。最后，同时也可以通过另一输出单元35输出自检测器31及32的信号共同导出的输出信号，尤其是相位实际功率，。
用于测量能源供应量的数据界面36被分配至另一输出单元35以及至输出单元34，其中该数据界面可设为单独界面，或与用于能源供应量的数据界面一起构成(如图2的展示)。
相位电流或另一电气信号是可通过数据界面36而用于进一步处理。该进一步处理发生于具有确保各个充电站的操作可靠度目的的监控装置中。为达此目的的相位电流检测器所需的进一步功能性被给予而不需另外的花费。即，其可省掉额外的电流转换器以及相关的测量技术构件，因为这些已呈现在仪表16中。
对于由多个充电站构成的系统，各个充电站中的各个相位电流可以此方式分别地被监控，并且以此方式，一共同保护概念可被确立，从而不需用于检测器或必须的信号检测以及调整的另外花费。
在该情况中，该监控装置可连接到一保护装置，借助于此方式，充电站将相对于可能发生的超载而受保护。为此目的，对于各个相位电流的测量数值在预定时间部份之内自仪表16通过数据界面36被发送至保护装置并且在达到临界触发数值事件中，适当的充电站保护功能被启动。
另外地或额外地，除了输出相位电流之外，也可输出相关相位中的电流实际功率的测量数值。该测量数值同时也可通过一单独或共享的数据界面来发送，用于进一步的处理并且形成用于充电站的监控装置及/或保护装置的输入数值。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于确定在电动交通工具充电期间的传送的能源供应量的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
将电动交通工具(2)连接至充电站(12)，用于得到被提供在充电电缆(10)上的电气能源，
在所需的充电周期期间将所需的能源供应量馈送进入该电动交通工具(2)的电池(4)，
检测用于能量计数器(16)的计算能源供应量所需的至少一个电气数值，
输出所计算的能源供应量，
将用于能量计数器(16)的计算能源供应量所需的该至少一个电气数值输出至监控装置，用于监控该充电站的操作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：将用于计算能源供应量所需的该至少一个电气数值输出至监控装置，用于监控该充电站的导通电流。
3.一种用于确定在电动交通工具(2)在充电站(12)中充电时的传送的能源供应量的装置，该装置具有：检测装置(31、32)，用于检测在能源供应网络(22)的充电电路中被施加的电气数值，尤其是电压和电流；计算装置(16)，用于从至少一个检测电气数值计算出能源供应量；以及用于该被计算能源供应量的第一输出单元(34)，及另一输出单元(35)，用于将至少另外一个电气数值输出至监控装置，用于监控该充电站的操作。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于：用于计算该能源供应量所需的至少一个电气数值是相位电流。
5.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于：用于计算该能源供应量所需的至少一个电气数值是相位电压。
6.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于：用于计算该能源供应量所需的至少一个电气数值是被分配至各个相位的实际功率。
7.根据权利要求3至6中任一项所述的的装置，其特征在于：该监控装置包含保护装置，尤其是用于防护该相位电流。
8.根据权利要求3至7中任一项所述的的装置，其特征在于：该另一输出单元(35)设为通过数据界面将该至少一个另外电气数值输出至该监控装置。
9.根据权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于：该数据界面与界面单元一起设为用于该第一输出单元(34)，该第一输出单元用于所计算的能源供应量。
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