CN102802826B - Method for drawing metallic tube - Google Patents

Method for drawing metallic tube Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102802826B
CN102802826B CN201180014732.0A CN201180014732A CN102802826B CN 102802826 B CN102802826 B CN 102802826B CN 201180014732 A CN201180014732 A CN 201180014732A CN 102802826 B CN102802826 B CN 102802826B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
lubricant
mother tube
outlet
discharge
bar
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201180014732.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102802826A (en
Inventor
山本学
砂冢路哉
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Resonac Holdings Corp
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Showa Denko KK
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Publication of CN102802826A publication Critical patent/CN102802826A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN102802826B publication Critical patent/CN102802826B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
    • B21C1/24—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles by means of mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
    • B21C9/005—Cold application of the lubricant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Abstract

A method for drawing a tube blank while supplying a lubricating agent to the inner surface of the tube blank from a discharge opening of a rod, the method being configured so that, without the use of an application member such as a core, the lubricating agent is adhered without excess or deficiency to the inner surface in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions of the tube blank. While a metallic tube blank (2) is passed and drawn between a die (10) for shaping the outer surface of the tube blank and a plug (11) for shaping the inner surface thereof, a lubricating agent (L) discharged intermittently from a discharge opening (21), which is provided in the outer peripheral surface of a rod (20) for supporting the plug (11), toward an upper region (40), which is located at a position higher than the center of the tube blank (2) in the vertical direction, is sprayed and adhered to a portion of the inner surface of the tube blank (2), said portion including the highest position (P1) of the inner surface of the tube blank (2).

Description

The Hubbing method of metal tube
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Hubbing method of metal tube and the draw-off gear for implementing this Hubbing method that manufacture metal drawing pipe, this metal drawing pipe is suitable for use as opc photosensitive drum matrix in the electronic photo devices such as such as duplicator, laser printer, facsimile machine and the drawing pipe of dimensional accuracy excellence.In addition, in the record of this description, " rear " in so-called Hubbing method and draw-off gear represents the direction of mother tube side relative to drawing pipe, and so-called " front " represents the direction of drawing pipe side relative to mother tube.And then so-called " upside " represents the direction side contrary with gravity direction, so-called " downside " represents the side, direction of gravity direction.
Background technology
In recent years, as the opc photosensitive drum matrix in the electronic photo devices such as duplicator, laser printer, facsimile machine, many uses are suitable for mass-produced without cutting tube.
As without one of cutting tube, have drawing to process the ED pipe of aluminium extrusion mother tube, it is suitable for a large amount of production because producing multiple product pipe this point with once drawing, responsively gazes at by people with the manufacture method of a large amount of consumption of the market expansion.
This ED manages and manufactures by the following method: first, the blank of extruding aluminum obtains aluminium extrusion mother tube, after this extruding raw material pipe is cut into predetermined length, carry out drawing processing more than based on the one stroke of mould and plug or two strokes with the aluminum pipe obtaining being specified to predetermined shape (external diameter, internal diameter, wall thickness), carry out cutting off, the chamfer machining of end face, to clean, check size and outward appearance.
In the Hubbing method of this substrate for photosensitive drum aluminum pipe, to the supply of the lubricant of the outside of pipe, be apply in advance or lubricant is flowed down at any time be all easier in drawing processing.But, to the supply of the lubricant of the inner face of pipe, particularly when carrying out at a high speed the ED pipe of the continuous drawing of more than two strokes to mother tube, the inner face of lubricant inflow pipe is made to be very difficult in advance, so insert in mother tube to plug coating lubricant, have to carry out drawing in such a state.Therefore, relative to the outside that can supply lubricant at any time, inner face lubricant starvation in drawing way can occur to generate heat deadlocked (sintering) sometimes, and drawing pipe runout precision can reduce.
For such problem, present applicant has proposed following draw-off gear: the perisporium of the bar of the hollow of support plug is provided with opening portion, make to be supplied to inner lubricant from the rearward end of bar to discharge from described opening portion, can at any time to the inner face supply lubricant of mother tube.In these draw-off gears, in order to the lubricant of the inner face of the pipe by being attached to plug is spreadable equably, and fuse (patent document 1,2) is installed in bar.
Prior art document
Patent document
Patent document 1: JP 2009-22982 publication
Patent document 2: special price 2009-45663 publication
Summary of the invention
Invent problem to be solved
In above-mentioned draw-off gear, limit is discharged a certain amount of lubricant limit and is carried out drawing.But, amount is set to necessarily (constant), when the drawing of a drawing pipe mother tube completes, stop the supply of lubricant to be taken out from device by the drawing pipe after processing, next drawing mother tube is positioned in device and again starts lubricant supply when drawing starts.Supply at such lubricant in the operation of intermittently carrying out, the lubricant when stopping the supply of lubricant in bar can flow out from opening portion.And bar inside is not full of by lubricant, even if so again start lubricant supply, also want spended time discharging to making a certain amount of lubricant from the opening portion be arranged near plug, the bad response that lubricant is discharged.Therefore, if drawing under there is the state of fully not discharging at lubricant, then it is deadlocked that the part that may start in drawing produces heating, if wait for the recovery of discharge rate start drawing, working (machining) efficiency reduces such problem.
In addition, if the fuse contacted with mother tube weares and teares, the even application of lubricant cannot realize, so fuse must be changed as running stores.
In addition, not using fuse from the outlet of bar to the method for mother tube inner face direct spraying, will the use amount of lubricant increase to there is not oil starvation (oil-break).Its result, the consumption figure of lubricant increases, and the lubricant that drawing pipe racks goes out increases and the clean burden of rear operation is increased.
For solving the technical scheme of problem
The present invention is in view of above-mentioned background technology, its object is to: supply the Hubbing method of lubricant limit drawing from the outlet of bar to the inner face of mother tube on limit, the painting application parts not using fuse such, had not all both had the excessive lubricant that yet do not make insufficiently to adhere in the circumference of mother tube and length direction.
In the drawing based on drawing mould and plug, the lubricant of necessary amount must be full of in the face of metal mother tube and core rod touch.In order to reduce the amount of superfluous lubricant, preferably, both do not had from the position in the face close to metal mother tube and core rod touch excessively not supply lubricant insufficiently yet.But, when supplying lubricant from the position in the face close to metal mother tube and core rod touch, exist: (1) lubricant feed mechanism arranges the problem in gap; (2) in the problem in uneven thickness of the face lubricant of metal mother tube and core rod touch; (3) if lubricant starvation, heating may be there is deadlocked, so lubricant adhesion amount must be set to relative to heating deadlocked secure side and excessive.
(1) lubricant feed mechanism arranges the problem in gap
Close to the position in the face of metal mother tube and core rod touch, the gap of plug and metal mother tube is little, arranges feed mechanism very difficult.So the present invention is provided with lubricant feed mechanism on the bar large with the gap of raw metal pipe.
(2) in the problem in uneven thickness of the face lubricant of metal mother tube and core rod touch
If the supply precision of the lubricant feed mechanism of lubricant is not high, then lubricant in uneven thickness in the circumference in the face of metal mother tube and core rod touch.The high lubricant feed mechanism of supply precision, complex structure, expensive.In the present invention, from being arranged at the outlet being in and leaning on the bar of position in front of drawing direction than metal mother tube and the face of core rod touch, the upper-side area that lubricant is set high towards the centre bit of the ratio above-below direction of mother tube in mother tube is discharged, and makes the excess electron excess fraction comprising the lubricant of the part of extreme higher position spraying to mother tube inner face depend on deadweight to flow down.Still residue in the lubricant of mother tube inner face after excess electron excess fraction depends on deadweight to flow down, obtain the uniformity of the thickness required for drawing.Excess electron excess fraction depends on deadweight to flow down needs the time, so not in the position in the face close to metal mother tube and core rod touch, and is provided with aspis (outlet) at the bar left from the face of metal mother tube and core rod touch.Preferably, aspis (outlet) can be set in the position leaving more than 10mm from the face of metal mother tube and core rod touch.
(3) if lubricant starvation, heating may be there is deadlocked, so lubricant adhesion amount must be set to relative to the deadlocked secure side of heating and excessive problem
In order to prevent the deadlocked lubricant that must adhere to more than the gap that is full of between mother tube and plug that generates heat, so continue to carry out the supply of lubricant in the prior art and make it always there is unnecessary lubricant.
In the present invention, instead by discharging lubricant intermittently, the mother tube inner face before arriving plug arranges the region that lubricant does not adhere to, and unnecessary lubricant is used (consumption) in " region that lubricant does not adhere to ".
That is, the present invention has the structure that following (1) ~ (7) are recorded.
(1) Hubbing method for metal tube, is characterized in that,
While metal mother tube is carried out this metal mother tube of drawing by being shaped between mould outside it and the plug of its inner face that is shaped,
While make the lubricant of discharging intermittently to the upper-side area that the center of the ratio above-below direction of mother tube is high from the outlet being arranged at the bar supporting described plug, spraying is attached to the part comprising extreme higher position of mother tube inner face.
(2) Hubbing method of the metal tube according to preceding paragraph (1), wherein, discharges the quantity for spray of described lubricant is increased gradually intermittently.
(3) Hubbing method of the metal tube according to preceding paragraph (1) or (2), wherein, described outlet is arranged at the outer peripheral face of the bar of hollow.
(4) Hubbing method of the metal tube according to any one in preceding paragraph (1) ~ (3), wherein, by described lubricant to the region spraying within 30 °, the both sides from extreme higher position to circumference of mother tube inner face.
(5) Hubbing method of the metal tube according to any one in preceding paragraph (1) ~ (4), wherein, by described lubricant to locating on the front than outlet to discharge.
(6) Hubbing method of the metal tube according to any one in preceding paragraph (1) ~ (5), wherein, discharges the nozzle of described lubricant from the periphery being arranged at outlet.
(7) draw-off gear for metal tube, being the draw-off gear by being carried out between mould outside it and the plug of its inner face that is shaped by being shaped processing by metal mother tube, it is characterized in that,
Have at the outer peripheral face opening of the bar of the hollow of the described plug of support the outlet that lubricant is discharged, this outlet is only arranged at the region more top than the center of the above-below direction of bar,
Have and carry out the discharge of described lubricant and the discharge control apparatus of stopping intermittently in the drawing of described mother tube.
The effect of invention
In the invention described in above-mentioned (1), lubricant is discharged to the upper-side area of mother tube inner face from the outlet of bar, lubricant is sprayed at the part comprising extreme higher position of mother tube inner face, flowed down from spraying position by lubricant and make lubricant be attached to than spraying position on the lower, so the lubricant of the excess quantity accumulated in the underside area of mother tube can be reduced.In addition, by making lubricant discharge intermittently, while give the force and velocity of a current for making it arrive the inner face of mother tube to discharge currents, the surplus supply amount of lubricant is reduced on limit as much as possible.Therefore, it is possible to make all to adhere in the circumference and length direction of mother tube the lubricant that meets necessary amount and reduce superfluous lubricant as much as possible.
Invention according to above-mentioned (2), by making the quantity for spray of lubricant increase gradually, can avoid the lubricant starvation of the thermogenetic upper-side area of processing due to drawing.That is, because the processing heat of drawing makes the temperature of lubricant rise, when the temperature of lubricant rises, its viscosity can lower.The lubricant that the amount of lubricant flowed down when the viscosity of lubricant reduces can increase and be attached to upper-side area can reduce, but by making the quantity for spray of lubricant increase gradually, can avoid the lubricant starvation of upper-side area.
Invention according to above-mentioned (3), can be used as the supply passageway of lubricant, so can simplify the feed mechanism of lubricant by bar.
Invention according to above-mentioned (4) because to easily occur lubricant starvation, the extreme higher position of mother tube inner face and neighbouring spraying lubricant thereof, so the lubricant starvation in this region reliably can be avoided.
Invention according to above-mentioned (5), the position that can contrast outlet is located to spray lubricant on the front, distance till calibrating strap portion from spraying position to plug shortens, so lubricant can be made reliably to be attached to the part that lubricant is easily not enough in calibrating strap portion.
Invention according to above-mentioned (6), nozzle is given prominence to from the outer peripheral face of bar and makes the drain position of lubricant close to mother tube, even if so when the internal diameter of mother tube is large relative to bar footpath and/or when discharge rate is few, lubricant also can be made reliably to be attached to desired position.And then nozzle becomes dykes and dams, so can prevent the outflow of the outlet from the position be arranged at beyond summit when lubricant supply stops.
Invention according to above-mentioned (7), can implement the Hubbing method of above-mentioned (1) ~ (6).The outlet of lubricant is only arranged at the upper area of bar, even if even if the lubricant therefore stopping lubricant supplying, be filled into bar inside also can not flow out from outlet or flow out also is micro-, even if between the withholding period of lubricant supply, be still bar inside and be filled with lubricant or almost instinct state.Therefore, even if after the drawing completing a mother tube, drawing pipe is taken out from device and till next root mother tube is positioned in device during, stop the supply of lubricant, because bar inside is filled with lubricant or is almost filled with, so when again starting lubricant supply, can discharge from outlet at once or with chien shih lubricant time extremely short.Therefore, in the continuous drawing processing of many mother tubes, when carrying out stopping the interrupted lubricant of lubricant supply to supply when the replacing of mother tube, lubricant can be made from the drawing of each mother tube starts reliably to adhere to prevent heating glue from.In addition, there is no need the recovery waiting for discharge rate after lubricant supply starts again, so can process efficiently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section of an example of the draw-off gear representing the Hubbing method implementing metal tube of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the draw-off gear Raw pipe of Fig. 1 and the sectional elevation of bar.
Fig. 3 is the sectional elevation of other modes of indication rod.
Fig. 4 is the sectional elevation of other modes of indication rod.
Fig. 5 is the sectional elevation of other modes of indication rod.
Fig. 6 is the longitudinal section of other modes of indication rod.
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section of other modes of indication rod.
Fig. 8 be represent in Hubbing method of the present invention, the figure of the change of the discharge rate of lubricant and the adhesion amount of mother tube inner face.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is an example of the draw-off gear of the Hubbing method represented for implementing metal tube of the present invention.This draw-off gear 1 possesses drawing instrument, to the outside of mother tube 2 and the lubricant supply unit of inner face supply lubricant.
Drawing instrument is made up of drawing mould 10 and plug 11.Described drawing mould 10 possesses the die main body 13 be embedded in mould housing 12, the calibrating strap portion 15 that described die main body 13 has convergence portion 14 and continues with it around the die hole of central authorities.Described plug 11 is mounted and is supported in the top of the bar 20 be made up of hollow tube, the calibrating strap portion 17 having convergence portion 16 and continue with it.And, by mother tube 2 is passed through and drawing between drawing mould 10 and plug 11, the outside of pipe is shaped by the convergence portion 14 of die main body 13 and calibrating strap portion 15, and inner face is shaped with calibrating strap portion 17 by the convergence portion 16 of plug 11, produces drawing pipe 3.
As outside with lubricator supply unit, above described drawing mould 10 rear, be configured with nozzle 18.Be discharged to mother tube 2 from the lubricant L of the case supply figure from nozzle 18, the lubricant L being attached to mother tube 2 top is supplied to complete cycle along outside, and superfluous lubricant can flow down.And mother tube 2 is imported into drawing instrument under the state that lubricant L is attached to outside.
As inner face lubricant supply unit, described bar 20 is provided with lubricant drainage port 21.Described bar 20 is hollow tube and supply passageway as lubricant L utilizes, and is formed with the outlet 21 being communicated in supply passageway by running through perisporium.Like this, arranging outlet 21 by the outer peripheral face of the bar 20 in hollow can utilize the supply passageway of bar 20 as lubricant, can simplify the feed mechanism of lubricant.In the present embodiment, be formed as towards positive upper shed at summit (position the highest in the vertical direction) one, the place outlet 21 of bar 20.And the rear portion from the case figure from bar 20 is directed in inner lubricant L, discharges and sprays the inner face top being attached to mother tube 2, spread along wall to circumference from outlet 21.If limit is like this to the inner face supply lubricant limit drawing of mother tube 2, then under the overall state being attached with lubricant L of inner face, mother tube 2 is directed in drawing instrument.The part and the drawing pipe 3 that are attached to the lubricant L of mother tube 2 are taken out of in the lump, and remaining stays on mother tube 2 and be sent to rear.The adjustment of the discharge of lubricant L and the switching of stopping and discharge rate, is controlled by discharge control apparatus 45.
In Hubbing method of the present invention, the discharge direction when lubricant L that the outlet 21 from bar 20 is discharged is sprayed at the inner face limit drawing of mother tube 2 by regulation limit as follows, lubricant L, spraying position and quantity for spray.
(discharge direction of lubricant and spraying position)
Lubricant L, the upper-side area 40 from outlet 21 to mother tube 2 inner face is discharged, and is attached to and comprises extreme higher position P 1in interior part.So-called described upper-side area 40 is regions of the top side, center of the ratio above-below direction of mother tube 2.In the mother tube 2 of Fig. 2 and the sectional view of bar 20, H illustrates the horizontal plane at the center by mother tube 2.The region of side more top than this horizontal H is the upper-side area 40 of mother tube 2 inner face in the present invention, is underside area 41 than upper-side area 40 region on the lower comprising horizontal plane.In addition, P 2for the extreme lower position in mother tube 2 inner face.
If lubricant L spraying is attached to comprise extreme higher position P 1in interior part, then the lubricant L of adhering to automatically can contrast the low part supply lubricant L of spraying position under wall flow, and final lubricant L can be accumulated in comprising extreme lower position P 2in interior part.Therefore, if comprise extreme higher position P in upper-side area 40 1coat lubricant L in interior part, then lubricant L is also supplied to non-Spray Application and the underside area 41 of upper-side area 40, and is supplied to complete cycle.
If lubricant L meets necessary amount, can realize good drawing, lubricant L and the drawing pipe 3 of excess quantity are taken out of in the lump, or are sent to the rear of mother tube 2.With drawing pipe 3 in the lump by the lubricant L of taking out of more increase work then after operation clean more spend man-hour, in mother tube 2, the lubricant L of remaining surplus slatterns.Therefore, preferably, as long as the lubricant L of necessary amount is attached to the complete cycle of mother tube 2 inner face, the excess electron excess fraction of necessary amount is just reduced by more than as much as possible.
In addition, under situation lubricant starvation having occurred due to flowing down of lubricant L in upper-side area 40, if the adhesion amount at the spraying position place of upper-side area 40 meets necessary amount, then the lubricant L of necessary amount can supply to underside area 41 automatically.Therefore, in order to reduce the allowance of the surplus of underside area 41 as much as possible, being set to and lubricant L only being discharged to upper-side area 40 and does not discharge to underside area 41.In addition, the discharge direction of lubricant L is specified by the center of discharge currents, as long as the center of discharge currents is to upper-side area 40 and spraying position comprises extreme higher position P 1, just meet important document of the present invention.Therefore, the situation that the lubricant L of discharging to upper-side area 40 makes its part be attached to underside area 41 due to the diffusion of discharge currents is also contained in the present invention.
In addition, that in the upper-side area 40 of mother tube 2, lubricant starvation the most easily occurs is also extreme higher position P 1and near it, so preferably, to this region spraying lubricant L.Here, if by the circumferential position of mother tube 2 inner face with the centre-to-centre spacing extreme higher position P relative to mother tube 2 1angle [alpha] represent, then preferred spraying position 40a can as from P 1represent to the region within the both sides angle [alpha] of circumference (with reference to Fig. 2).In the present invention, preferred spraying position is from extreme higher position P 1region within α=30, both sides °.
The discharge direction of lubricant L and spraying position, can set according to the position of outlet.Here, the position of the outlet in circumference, represents with the angle θ on the summit of the centre-to-centre spacing bar relative to bar.Bar 20 shown in Fig. 2, the position in θ=0 ° is provided with outlet 21, so lubricant L is discharged, by the diffusion extreme higher position P of discharge currents to just upper 1and periphery becomes spraying position.The spray range of lubricant L, except the position of outlet, also different from the diffusion angle, the internal diameter of mother tube 2, the distance between outlet from mother tube 2 inner face etc. of discharge currents, so suitably set them, make to spray to preposition.
The position of outlet, as long as can to comprising extreme higher position P 1lubricant L is sprayed, just without any restriction in interior upper-side area 40.This is because: the lubricant L of discharge is sprayed onto mother tube 2 inner face by spreading, also can spray to extreme higher position P even if therefore discharge from the position lower than masthead point 1on.In addition, the quantity of outlet, also not by any restriction, is also arbitrary from multiple outlet spraying lubricant L.When discharging from multiple outlet, as long as the lubricant L of at least discharging from an outlet has sprayed to comprise extreme higher position P 1in interior part.The bar 22 of Fig. 3 is the example being provided with two outlets in the position meeting 0 ° of < θ < 90 °, can from two directions to the extreme higher position P of mother tube 2 by the diffusion of discharge currents 1spraying.In addition, when drawing many mother tubes successively, the supply of lubricant is stopped in order to arrange mother tube, reduce to make the amounts of lubrication flowed out from outlet when the supply of this lubricant stops, preferably, outlet 23 is set in the scope that described angle θ is less than 60 °, particularly preferably, arranges in the scope below 40 °.This is because: the position of the larger then outlet 23 of described angle θ is lower, and discharge when lubricant supply stops more increasing, so response when again supplying more lowers.In addition, the lubricant L sprayed on the inner face of mother tube 2 can not flow to the position higher than spraying position, if so spray lubricant, then at the extreme higher position P of mother tube 2 inner face with the bar 22 of Fig. 3 on tiltedly 1and/or when may there is lubricant starvation near it, can solve simply by adding outlet near summit or its.The bar 24 of Fig. 4 is two outlets 23,23(0 ° < θ < 90 ° except Fig. 3) except, added the position of outlet 21(θ=0 ° of Fig. 2) the example being provided with outlet at three places.
In addition, as shown in Figure 5, also preferably, arrange from the outstanding nozzle 26 of the outer peripheral face of bar 25 at the periphery of the outlet 21 running through perisporium.If arrange described nozzle 26, the drain position of lubricant L close to mother tube 2, even if so also reliably preposition can be sprayed to when mother tube 2 internal diameter is large relative to bar 25 diameter and/or when discharge rate is few.In addition, when lubricant supply stops, described nozzle 26 becomes dykes and dams, so can prevent lubricant from flowing out from the outlet of the position be arranged at beyond θ=0 °.
In addition, in the present invention in order to make lubricant discharge intermittently in the drawing of a mother tube, and repeatedly carry out supply and the stopping of lubricant, with the supply of the cyclic switching of short time and stopping, so the lubricant that can not occur when this stopping from outlet flows out.Lubricant supply for the interrupted discharge of lubricant carried out in drawing stops, lubricant when placing from above-mentioned raw materials pipe supply stop different.
In addition, preferably, described outlet is arranged at the position close to the calibrating strap portion of plug in drawing direction.Spray to the lubricant of the inner face of mother tube, also flowed downwards, so at extreme higher position P during the position in the calibrating strap portion (ベ ア リ Application グ portion) 17 of plug 11 from the position of outlet 21 at mother tube 2 1and neighbouring easy generation lubricant starvation.For the flowing of such lubricant L, by the position of outlet 21 to be shortened the distance of spraying position to calibrating strap portion 17 from lubricant L close to calibrating strap portion 17, lubricant L can be made in calibrating strap portion 17 to be reliably attached to the easily not enough upper area of lubricant L, lubricant L can be made to be attached to the inner face of mother tube 2 efficiently.From this viewpoint, preferably, outlet 21 is arranged at the position having below 20cm apart from calibrating strap portion 17, particularly preferably, is arranged at the position of below 10cm.In addition, as shown in Figure 1, insert in the top ends of bar 20 and be fixed in the structure of plug 11, the situation being provided with outlet in the part of both overlaps is also contained in the present invention.
And then also preferably, lubricant L is forwards discharged from outlet.As mentioned above, by outlet 21 being arranged at the position close to calibrating strap portion 17, spraying position can be made close to calibrating strap portion 17, but by making lubricant L forwards discharge from the setting position of this outlet 21, spraying position can be made further close to calibrating strap portion.As the mechanism of the discharge direction of the lubricant L on setting mother tube 2 length direction, the structure shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 can be illustrated.The bar 27 of Fig. 6 is bar perisporium slanted apertures being made to outlet 28 forwards opening.The bar 29 of Fig. 7 is the bar being forwards provided with nozzle 30 at the outlet 28 having run through perisporium.
(quantity for spray of lubricant)
Mother tube 2 in drawing due to hot-working more higher toward rear temperature, spraying be attached to mother tube 2 lubricant L or more more risen toward rear temperature by the lubricant L in bar 20, due to viscosity reduce and easily flow down.The oil mass flowed down in during till the lubricant L of spraying position attachment arrives plug 11, more more increase toward rear, if so spray a certain amount of lubricant L on the length direction of mother tube 2, then arrive the adhesion amount of the time point of plug 11, reduce gradually in upper-side area 40, increase gradually in underside area 41.For this situation, mode in the present invention by increasing gradually with the quantity for spray of lubricant L makes discharge rate change, guarantee that the lubricant L of necessary amount is to avoid lubricant starvation in the upper-side area 40 at the rear of mother tube 2, and reduce the amounts of lubrication in the accumulation of underside area 41 surplus as much as possible.So-called " discharge rate increases gradually " says in the interrupted discharge in the operation of a drawing mother tube, and the discharge rate of the n-th time discharge rate more secondary than (n-1) is many.The change of discharge rate, both can be undertaken by the increase of the discharge rate of time per unit, also can be undertaken by the increase of efflux time.
In addition, lubricant L discharged intermittently, spray intermittently.So-called " discharging intermittently " says that alternate repetition is discharged and stops.In order to make the lubricant L of discharging upward arrive mother tube 2 inner face, the force and velocity of a current must be given to discharge currents.In order to give the force and velocity of a current to discharge currents, the discharge rate of time per unit must be set to certain more than, if but discharge continuously with this discharge rate, quantity for spray can be superfluous, to the drag-out of drawing pipe 3 and can increase to the residual quantity in mother tube 2.Therefore, in the present invention, in order to not only guarantee the force and velocity of a current of the discharge currents of lubricant L but also reduce superfluous quantity delivered as much as possible, and lubricant L is intermittently discharged, and spray to mother tube 2 inner face intermittently.
According to foregoing, in the present invention, when using the lubricant be in the relation of the lower such temperature of temperature its viscosity higher and viscosity, lubricant L being discharged intermittently, the quantity for spray to mother tube 2 inner face is increased gradually.
(pull-out test)
In described draw-off gear 1, use the bar 20 of Fig. 2, change the discharge condition of the lubricant to mother tube 2 inner face, carry out pull-out test.In addition, the lubricant supply to the outside of mother tube 2 is identical.
In described draw-off gear 1, the die main body 13 of drawing mould 10, the convergence angle in its convergence portion 14 is 15 °, and the calibrating strap length in calibrating strap portion 15 is 15mm.In addition, the convergence angle in the convergence portion 16 of described plug 11 is 7 °, and the calibrating strap length in calibrating strap portion 17 is 2mm.
There is an outlet 21 position of described bar 20 in θ=0 °, and the discharge direction of lubricant L is just go up, and spraying position is the extreme higher position (P of mother tube 2 inner face 1) and near.In addition, described outlet 21 is arranged on the rearward 10cm place of calibrating strap portion 17 apart from plug 11.In addition, as outside and inner face with lubricator L, employ the ス ト ロ mono-Le ES150(viscosity that Gong Ying oiling Co., Ltd. manufactures: 1.4 × 10 -4m 2/ s).
(example)
As shown in the heavy line of the plug of the epimere of Fig. 8, from drawing, make lubricant L discharge intermittently at regular intervals, and discharge rate is each time increased gradually.
(comparative example)
As shown in the fine line of the plug of the epimere of Fig. 8, discharge rate is each time set to a certain amount of, discharges intermittently by the gap identical with example.
In the stage casing of Fig. 8, represent the extreme higher position P of upper-side area 40 1the change of the adhesion amount of the lubricant L at place, represents the extreme lower position P of underside area 41 at hypomere 2the change of the adhesion amount of the lubricant L at place.In the figure of the change of the adhesion amount of Fig. 8, heavy line represents example, and fine line represents comparative example.In addition, dotted line represents the necessary amount of lubricant L, illustrates if lower than this amount, lubricant starvation can occur.In addition, in fig. 8, illustrate the present invention to circulate routine staggering 1/2 with the discharge of comparative example.This easily finds out both need not staggering for convenience of description, and does not correctly represent the timing of the discharge from drawing starts.
In example and comparative example, if lubricant L to be sprayed at the upper-side area 40 of mother tube 2 inner face, then at the extreme higher position P of upper-side area 40 1after following spraying closely, adhesion amount is very big, and taking out of and flowing down and reduce gradually due to drawing pipe 3, carries out this increase and decrease repeatedly due to interrupted outflow.Because hot-working makes the amount of flowing down increase gradually, but in example of the present invention, discharge rate is each time increased gradually, so the minimum of adhesion amount is not less than necessary amount.In contrast, in a comparative example, discharge rate is each time certain, if so the amount of flowing down increases gradually, part adhesion amount can lower than necessary amount in the wings.Even if if be set as that in a certain amount of discharge that comparative example is such part also can guarantee the discharge rate of necessary amount in the wings, then the excess quantity of front part office can increase, so can there is the phenomenon increasing such unfavorable condition to the drag-out of drawing pipe 3 and/or the consumption figure of lubricant L.In other words, if even if be set as that part also can guarantee necessary amount in the wings, then necessary amount, greatly surplus significantly will be exceeded in forward portion.
On the other hand, at the extreme lower position P of underside area 41 2, because flow down supply lubricant L by what come from top, so stagger from spraying, periodically to make adhesion amount become very big, minimum.In addition, at extreme lower position P 2remove the drag-out taken out of by drawing pipe 3 and accumulate gradually, adhesion amount limit increases and decreases limit repeatedly more more to be increased toward rear, and therefore the lubricant starvation at rear portion place can not occur.Such increase and decrease pattern is identical with comparative example in the present invention's example.In addition, as long as at extreme higher position P 1the lubricant L of the amount being not less than necessary amount is coated, then at extreme lower position P when adhesion amount becomes minimum 2also necessary amount is not less than.
In addition, adhered to by the stream of lubricant L beyond spraying position, if so illustrated extreme higher position P 1adhesion amount meet necessary amount and at extreme lower position P 2accumulated the lubricant L meeting necessary amount, then part betwixt also just attached to the lubricant L meeting necessary amount.Therefore, in example of the present invention in the curve of Fig. 8 unshowned extreme higher position P 1with extreme lower position P 2between part also attached to the lubricant L meeting necessary amount, can make the lubricant L meeting necessary amount be attached to circumference entirety.
According to above content, make discharge rate change limit by the mode limit increased gradually with the quantity for spray made to the lubricant L of mother tube 2 inner face to discharge intermittently, and lubricant L can be given to make in the circumference of mother tube 2 and lubricant starvation does not occur length direction to prevent heating glue.In addition, from the outlet 21 of the bar 20 supporting plug 11, lubricant L is discharged, so the lubricant L of aequum independently can be made to adhere to the length of mother tube 2, and also there is no need for the fuse of spreadable lubricant.
The quantity for spray of described lubricant and recruitment, the processing heat etc. according to producing when the viscosity of lubricant, the length of mother tube and diameter, drawing is suitable for setting.
In addition, make the method that quantity for spray increases gradually, be not limited to above-mentioned such discharge rate increased each time.Discharge interval quantity for spray can both be made to increase gradually by extending efflux time once or shortening.In addition, also can by they multiple combinations.These are discharged condition and set in discharge control apparatus 45.
After described mother tube 2 is arranged at draw-off gear, lubricant L cannot be sprayed to from plug 11 to outlet 21 in the forward portion of mother tube 2.In addition, even locate rearward than outlet 21, than spraying position part on the lower until lubricant L to flow down gradually from spraying position and hereto not to give lubricant L.Lubricant for the drawing beginning of such mother tube lacks, as long as deal with by being coated with lubricant L to the front distribution of mother tube 2 or being coated with lubricant L to plug 11 in advance in advance.
In described draw-off gear 1 successively drawing many mother tubes 2, drawing processing with supply to the lubricant of mother tube inner face by following operation repeatedly (i) ~ (vi) carry out.
(i) make it discharge from outlet 21 to supply lubricant L in bar 20, while comprise extreme higher position P with what make the inner face of mother tube 2 1the mode increased gradually at interior part quantity for spray sprays limit drawing intermittently.
(ii), after the drawing of a mother tube 2 completes, stop the supply of lubricant L.
(iii) drawing pipe 3 is taken out from draw-off gear 1, next root mother tube is positioned over draw-off gear.
(iv) again start the supply of lubricant L.
(v) carry out supplying until the discharge rate of lubricant L is stablized.
(vi) turn back to (i)
Lubricant L is supplied, so bar 20 inside is full of lubricant L in operation drawing (i).If operation (ii) in stop the supply of lubricant L, then between operation mother tube stage of replacement (iii), the lubricant L of bar 20 inside can externally flow out till the height of outlet 21.Such as, the outlet 21 of the bar 20 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is arranged at summit, so lubricant L can not flow out, but the outlet 23 of the bar 22 of Fig. 3 is arranged at the position lower than summit, so can flow out till the height of outlet 23.Then, though operation (iv) in again start the supply of lubricant L, all can not discharge until supplement discharge, if (v) make bar 22 inside be filled with lubricant L through operation, then discharge.After becoming stably discharge, enter operation (vi).Operation is (v) wait for the standby period of the recovery of discharge rate for supplementary discharge, and the fewer stand-by time of discharge more shortens, and the response that lubricant is discharged is better.If needless to say operation (v) just next root mother tube 2 of drawing, then not enough in the partial lubrication agent that drawing starts.
In the present invention, outlet is only arranged at top region, center on the ratio above-below direction of bar, so lubricant supply stop time discharge few, from drawing, reliably can supply lubricant to the inner face of mother tube and shorten as much as possible described stand-by time with shorten many continuous drawing machining need time.
In addition, in described pull-out test, employ oily lubricant as lubricant, but the present invention is also for be defined in oily lubricant by lubricant.Even if the present invention uses water-based lubricant, also above-mentioned effect can be played.
The Hubbing method of metal tube of the present invention, is not limited to the kind of metal, can be widely used in aluminium, iron, copper or their alloy etc.Significant effect can be obtained, so be suitable for the manufacture of aluminum tube for photosensitive drum basal body when the long mother tube of drawing.In the manufacture of aluminum tube for photosensitive drum basal body, having to manufacture many product pipes with a drawing tendency using long mother tube, the aluminum pipe of the few high-quality of runout can be manufactured by applying Hubbing method of the present invention efficiently.In addition, though when in order to improve dimensional accuracy carry out the continuous drawing of more than two strokes, without the need to carry out for lubricant supply stroke between operation, so continuous drawing fast can be implemented.In addition, as the material of aluminum tube for photosensitive drum basal body, Al-Mn system alloy, Al-Mg system alloy, Al-Mg-Si system alloy, fine aluminium can be illustrated.
The application advocates the priority of No. 2010-63464, the Japan's patent application Patent proposed on March 19th, 2010, and its disclosure intactly forms a application's part.
Must recognize, here used term and expression use to illustrate, not using to carry out limited explanation, also not getting rid of all equipollents that are shown and the feature item described here, also allowing the various distortion in the scope of claim of the present invention.
Application possibility in industry
According to the Hubbing method of metal light of the present invention, can reliably and efficiently to the inner face coating lubricant of mother tube in the continuous drawing processing of many metal tubes, so be suitable for the volume production of aluminum tube for photosensitive drum basal body.
Description of reference numerals
1 draw-off gear
2 mother tubes
3 drawing pipes
10 drawing moulds
11 plugs
20,22,24,25,27,29 bars
21,23,28 outlets
26,30 nozzles
40 upper-side area
45 discharge control apparatus
L lubricant
P 1extreme higher position
α represents the angle of the favored area of extreme higher position

Claims (6)

1. a Hubbing method for metal tube, is characterized in that,
While metal mother tube is carried out this metal mother tube of drawing by being shaped between mould outside it and the plug of its inner face that is shaped,
While make the lubricant of discharging intermittently to the upper-side area that the center of the ratio above-below direction of mother tube is high from the outlet being arranged at the bar supporting described plug, spraying is attached to the part comprising extreme higher position of mother tube inner face,
Discharge intermittently the quantity for spray of described lubricant is increased gradually.
2. the Hubbing method of metal tube according to claim 1, wherein,
Described outlet is arranged at the outer peripheral face of the bar of hollow.
3. the Hubbing method of metal tube according to claim 1 and 2, wherein,
By described lubricant to the region spraying within 30 °, the both sides from extreme higher position to circumference of mother tube inner face.
4. the Hubbing method of metal tube according to claim 1 and 2, wherein,
By described lubricant to locating on the front than outlet to discharge.
5. the Hubbing method of metal tube according to claim 1 and 2, wherein,
The nozzle of described lubricant from the periphery being arranged at outlet is discharged.
6. a draw-off gear for metal tube, being the draw-off gear by being carried out between mould outside it and the plug of its inner face that is shaped by being shaped processing by metal mother tube, it is characterized in that,
Have at the outer peripheral face opening of the bar of the hollow of the described plug of support the outlet that lubricant is discharged, this outlet is only arranged at the region more top than the center of the above-below direction of bar,
Have and carry out the discharge of described lubricant and the discharge control apparatus of stopping intermittently in the drawing of described mother tube,
Be configured to, discharge intermittently the quantity for spray of described lubricant is increased gradually.
CN201180014732.0A 2010-03-19 2011-03-16 Method for drawing metallic tube Expired - Fee Related CN102802826B (en)

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JP2010-063464 2010-03-19
JP2010063464A JP5512341B2 (en) 2010-03-19 2010-03-19 Drawing method of metal pipe
PCT/JP2011/056197 WO2011115166A1 (en) 2010-03-19 2011-03-16 Method for drawing metallic tube

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JP5512341B2 (en) 2014-06-04

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