CN104085111A - Multi-nozzle 3D printer and method for controlling speed and precision of multi-nozzle 3D printer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing and in particular relates to a multi-nozzle 3D printer and a method for controlling the speed and precision of the multi-nozzle 3D printer. The multi-nozzle 3D printer comprises a conveying pipeline, a connecting base, a turntable and a plurality of material extrusion nozzles with channels of different inner diameters, wherein the connecting base is fixed at the lower end of the conveying pipeline; the turntable is installed at the lower end of the connecting base and simultaneously can rotate around the axis relative to the connecting base; the plurality of material extrusion nozzles with channels of different inner diameters are installed at the lower end of the turntable; the conveying pipeline, the connecting base, the turntable and the interior of one material extrusion nozzle form a material transmission channel; the sectional area of silk jetted by a head is regulated and controlled by regulating the material extrusion nozzle forming the channel. The multi-nozzle 3D printer can control the printing speed and precision, increases the overall printing speed under the condition of ensuring the requirement of precision and can be applied to head structures and control of 3D printers.

Description

A kind of multi-nozzle 3D printer and its speed and precision control method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a multi-nozzle 3D printer and a speed and precision control method thereof.

Background technique

3D printing is a kind of rapid prototyping technology. It discretizes the 3D digital model layer by layer through software, and then uses powdered metal or plastic and other bondable materials to construct entities by layer-by-layer accumulation. 3D printing technology belongs to the category of additive manufacturing, which is different from the traditional subtractive manufacturing category, and can better save production materials. Driven by the requirements of personalized and specific service manufacturing, 3D printing has begun to be applied in mold generation, personalized product production, medical treatment, military and other aspects. It is believed that in the near future, 3D printers will enter the homes of the public and serve our lives and work.

Common 3D printing technologies include fused filament deposition technology, which heats and melts filamentous hot-melt materials, squeezes them out through a nozzle with a fine channel, and deposits them on the workbench after being ejected from the nozzle at a temperature lower than Curing begins after the curing temperature, and the finished product is finally formed through the accumulation of layers of materials. The nozzle is a core component, but the inner diameter cross-sectional shape of the extrusion nozzle of the conventional 3D printer printing nozzle is only a fixed circle, and the volume of the nozzle spinning per unit time is constant. Due to the non-adjustable cross-sectional area of the inner diameter of the nozzle, we cannot control the printing accuracy and speed of the 3D printer. However, for different printing purposes and different printing areas, different printing accuracy and speed are required. Even for the same model, the inside and the edge of the model have different accuracy requirements. Based on the current 3D printer nozzle inner diameter section shape is circular, it is impossible to control the printing speed and accuracy for different models or different areas of the same model.

Contents of the invention

One of the technical problems solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-nozzle based on the fact that the current 3D printer nozzles are all circular in diameter and cross-sectional shape, and cannot control the printing speed and accuracy of different models or different areas of the same model. 3D printers can adjust printing speed and accuracy.

The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that based on the fact that the current 3D printer nozzle inner diameter cross-section shape is circular, and it is impossible to control the printing speed and accuracy of different models or different areas of the same model. Printing needs to control the speed and precision control method of printing speed and precision.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves one of above-mentioned technical problem is:

It includes a feeding pipeline; it is characterized in that it also includes a connecting base, a turntable and a plurality of extruding nozzles with different inner diameters of the channels. The connecting base is fixed at the lower end of the feeding pipeline, and the turntable is installed at the lower end of the connecting base. The turntable can rotate around the axis relative to the connection base, and multiple extrusion nozzles with different channel inner diameters are installed at the lower end of the turntable; the material transmission channel is formed inside the material delivery pipeline, the connection base, the turntable and a certain extrusion nozzle; through adjustment to form The extrusion nozzle of the channel regulates the cross-sectional area of the nozzle.

The connecting base is provided with a motor, which can drive the turntable to rotate.

A plurality of extruding nozzles with different channel inner diameters can be removed and evenly installed on the lower end of the turntable.

The connecting base has a cylindrical groove with the same inner diameter as the inner passage of the conveying pipeline at the connection with the conveying pipeline, and the turntable also has a cylindrical groove with the same inner diameter as the inner passage of the conveying pipeline at the place where the extruding nozzle is installed. ; The inner passage of the extruding nozzle in the working position and the inner passage of the conveying pipeline jointly form an unobstructed material passage.

The center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the passage in the extrusion nozzle and the cross-sectional shape of the passage in the delivery pipeline are located on the same axis perpendicular to the extrusion nozzle and the cross-section of the passage in the delivery pipeline.

There is a heating element inside the connecting base, which heats the material conveyed by the feeding pipeline to make it in a molten state.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem two is:

The described printing speed control method is:

Printing speed V=K*S*L; where S is the cross-sectional area of the nozzle's actual spinning, L is the unit printing forming area, and K is a constant related to the printer;

The actual spinning cross-sectional area S of the nozzle and the unit printing forming area L determine the feed speed and affect the hot-melt speed; the feed speed and the hot-melt speed jointly determine the printing speed;

Through the change of S and L, a signal is formed to control the printing speed, that is, to control the feeding speed of the nozzle feeding pipeline;

The accuracy control method is as follows: according to different requirements of printing accuracy, adjust the printing speed to control the printing accuracy; when the printing accuracy requirement is high, the printing speed is slow; when the printing accuracy requirement is low, the printing speed is fast.

By controlling the rotation of the motor, the extrusion nozzle with a specific size and inner diameter is selected to be in the working position to change the actual spinning cross-sectional area S of the nozzle; since the working speed of the nozzle remains unchanged, in order to ensure that the Z-axis forming height of each layer remains unchanged, real-time regulation The feeding speed of the feeding pipeline is directly proportional to the channel inner diameter of the extruding nozzle at the working position.

Beneficial effect:

By controlling the rotation of the motor, the invention further controls the rotation angle of the extruding nozzle relative to the feeding pipeline; thereby realizing the control of the actual spinning cross-sectional area of the nozzle; and controlling the printing accuracy and speed of the printer. Different printing accuracy and speed can be adjusted for different printing purposes and different printing areas.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described:

Fig. 1 is the front view of the multi-nozzle sprinkler head of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a left view of the multi-nozzle nozzle of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a logical diagram of factors affecting printing speed of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a diagram of the printing speed control system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the nozzle of the printer of the present invention includes a material delivery pipeline 801, a connecting base 803, a turntable 804, and a plurality of extrusion nozzles with channels of different sizes and inner diameters.

The connecting base 803 is fixed on the lower end of the feeding pipeline 801, wherein the connecting base 803 contains a heating element inside, which heats the material transported by the feeding pipeline to make it into a molten state. The turntable 804 is installed on the lower end of the connection base 803, and the turntable can rotate around the axis relative to the connection base 803. The connection base 803 contains a motor, which can drive the rotation of the turntable 804.

A plurality of extruding nozzles 805 , 807 , 808 with inner diameter channels of different sizes can be removed and evenly installed on the lower end of the turntable 804 . By controlling the working rotation of the motor to rotate the turntable 804, the extruding nozzle with a specific size inner diameter channel is selected to work. The connection base 803 has a cylindrical groove with the same size and inner diameter as the inner channel 802 of the material delivery pipeline at the connection with the material delivery pipeline 801, and the turntable 804 also has the same size inner diameter as the inner channel 802 of the material delivery pipeline at the place where the extrusion nozzle is installed. cylindrical groove. The extruding nozzle in the working position, such as the inner channel 806 of the extruding nozzle and the inner channel 802 of the feeding pipeline jointly form an unimpeded working channel, wherein the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the inner channel 806 of the extruding nozzle and the inner channel of the feeding pipeline The center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of 802 is on the axis perpendicular to the cross-section of the passage 806 in the extrusion nozzle and the cross-section of the passage 802 in the delivery pipeline.

As shown in Figure 3 and 4, the printing speed control method is:

Printing speed V=K*S*L; where S is the cross-sectional area of the nozzle's actual spinning, L is the unit printing forming area, and K is a constant related to the printer;

The actual spinning cross-sectional area S of the nozzle and the unit printing forming area L determine the feed speed and affect the hot-melt speed; the feed speed and the hot-melt speed jointly determine the printing speed;

Through the change of S and L, a signal is formed to control the printing speed, that is, to control the feeding speed of the nozzle feeding pipeline;

The precision control method is: according to the different requirements of printing precision, adjust the printing speed to control the printing precision; when the printing precision is high, the printing speed is slow; when the printing precision is low, the printing speed is fast.

The invention selects the extruding nozzle with specific size and inner diameter to be in the working position by precisely controlling the rotation of the motor. Since the working speed of the nozzle remains constant, in order to ensure that the Z-axis forming height of each layer remains unchanged, the feeding speed of the feeding pipeline 801 must be regulated in real time. Proportional to size. For applications with different printing accuracy requirements, the extrusion nozzle with a corresponding inner diameter can be rotated to be in the working position.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-nozzle 3D printer, comprising a material delivery pipeline; characterized in that: it also includes a connecting base, a turntable and a plurality of extrusion nozzles with different channel inner diameters, the connecting base is fixed at the lower end of the material delivery pipeline, The turntable is installed at the lower end of the connection base, and the turntable can rotate around the axis relative to the connection base. Multiple extrusion nozzles with different channel inner diameters are installed at the lower end of the turntable; the feeding pipeline, the connection base, the turntable and a certain extrusion nozzle A material transmission channel is formed inside; the cross-sectional area of the spray nozzle is regulated by adjusting the extruding nozzle forming the channel. 2. The multi-nozzle 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting base is provided with a motor, which can drive the turntable to rotate. 3. The multi-nozzle 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of extruding nozzles with different channel inner diameters are detachably and evenly installed on the lower end of the turntable. 4. The multi-nozzle 3D printer according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of extrusion nozzles with different channel inner diameters are detachably and evenly installed on the lower end of the turntable. 5. The multi-nozzle 3D printer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the connecting base has a cylinder with the same inner diameter as the inner channel of the feeding pipeline at the connection with the feeding pipeline Groove, the turntable also has a cylindrical groove with the same inner diameter as the inner channel of the delivery pipeline at the place where the extrusion nozzle is installed; the inner channel of the extrusion nozzle in the working position and the inner channel of the delivery pipeline form an unobstructed material channel. 6. The multi-nozzle 3D printer according to claim 5, characterized in that: the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the channel in the extrusion nozzle and the center of gravity of the cross-sectional shape of the channel in the delivery pipeline are located perpendicular to the extrusion nozzle and the delivery On the same axis of the channel section in the pipeline. 7. The multi-nozzle 3D printer according to claim 6, characterized in that: the connection base contains a heating element inside to heat the material transported by the material delivery pipeline to make it in a molten state. 8. The 3D printer speed and precision control method described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The described printing speed control method is: Printing speed V=K*S*L; where S is the cross-sectional area of the nozzle's actual spinning, L is the unit printing forming area, and K is a constant related to the printer; The actual spinning cross-sectional area S of the nozzle and the unit printing forming area L determine the feed speed and affect the hot-melt speed; the feed speed and the hot-melt speed jointly determine the printing speed; Through the change of S and L, a signal is formed to control the printing speed, that is, to control the feeding speed of the nozzle feeding pipeline; The accuracy control method is as follows: according to different requirements of printing accuracy, adjust the printing speed to control the printing accuracy; when the printing accuracy requirement is high, the printing speed is slow; when the printing accuracy requirement is low, the printing speed is fast. 9. The speed and precision control method of the 3D printer nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that: by controlling the rotation of the motor, the extrusion nozzle with a specific size and inner diameter is selected to be in the working position to change the actual spinning cross-sectional area S of the nozzle; The working speed of the nozzle is constant. In order to ensure that the Z-axis forming height of each layer is constant, the feeding speed of the conveying pipeline is adjusted in real time. The feeding speed is proportional to the channel inner diameter of the extrusion nozzle at the working position. .